Hallowell EMC 2002PRO User manual

Hallowell EMC Model 2002PRO & Model
2002IEPRO
Veterinary Anesthesia Ventilators
OPERATING & SET-UP MANUAL

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
USER/OWNER RESPONSIBILITY ........................................................................... 3
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS................................................................................... 3
WARRANTY........................................................................................................... 4,5
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 6
RECEIVING PROCEDURES..................................................................................... 7
SET-UP PROCEDURE/ SET-UP DIAGRAM..................................................... 8,9,10
CONTROLS............................................................................................................. 11
ALARMS ................................................................................................................. 12
VERIFICATION OF PROPER FUNCTION......................................................... 12,13
GETTING STARTED.......................................................................................... 14,15
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................ 16
CLEANING & STERILIZATION.......................................................................... 17,18
TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................................................... 19,20
RETURNING FOR SERVICE .................................................................................. 21
MODEL 2002PRO SPECIFICATIONS................................................................... 22

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USER/OWNER RESPONSIBILITY
PLEASE READ THIS MANUAL BEFORE OPERATING THE VENTILATOR.
This Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO equipment is designed to function, as specified in this manual,
when operated and maintained in accordance with supplied instructions. This equipment must be
periodically checked, calibrated, maintained and components repaired and replaced when
necessary for equipment to operate reliably. Parts that have failed, in whole or in part, exhibit
excessive wear, are contaminated, or are otherwise at the end of their useful life, should not be
used and should be replaced immediately with parts supplied and approved by Hallowell EMC.
Equipment that is not functioning correctly should not be used. This equipment and any of its
accessories or component parts should not be modified.
The user/owner of this equipment shall have the sole responsibility and liability for any damage
or injury to patients or property (including the equipment itself) resulting from operation not in
accordance with the authorized maintenance instructions, unauthorized repair or modification of
the equipment or accessories, or from the use of components or accessories that have either been
damaged or not authorized for use with this equipment by Hallowell EMC.
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
Personnel operating the ventilator must become thoroughly familiar with the instruction manual
prior to using the Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO Anesthesia Ventilator with patients.
•ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD - DO NOT remove any of the ventilator covers or panels.
Refer all servicing to an authorized service technician.
•DANGER - Possible explosion hazard if the unit is used in the presence of flammable
anesthetics.
•Before using the ventilator, check that all connections are correct, and verify that there is no
leak, per instructions on side plate of the controller.
•Any problems arising from an improperly functioning scavenging system is solely the user's
responsibility.
•OPENING THE CONTROL UNIT BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSONNEL
AUTOMATICALLY VOIDS ALL WARRANTIES AND SPECIFICATIONS. THE
PREVENTION OF TAMPERING WITH THE CONTROL UNIT IS EXCLUSIVELY
THE USER'S RESPONSIBILITY: THE MANUFACTURER ASSUMES NO
LIABILITY FOR ANY MALFUNCTION OR FAILURE OF THE VENTILATOR IF
THE CONTROL UNIT'S SEAL IS BROKEN.
•Compressed Supply Gas must be clean and dry to prevent ventilator malfunction.

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WARRANTY
The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO Veterinary Anesthesia Ventilator is covered under the
warranty expressed on the warranty card attached to the unit at the time of sale to the end user,
which reads as follows:
LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT
WHAT THIS WARRANTY COVERS:
HEMC offers you a limited warranty that the enclosed subscriber unit and its enclosed
accessories will be free from defects in material and workmanship, according to the following
terms and conditions:
1. The limited warranty for the product extends for TWENTY-FOUR (24) MONTHS beginning
on the date of purchase of the product with valid proof of purchase.
2. The limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser of the product and is not assignable
or transferable to any subsequent purchaser. Only through a HEMC authorized Dealer the
warranty can be transferred to the original end user.
3. The housing, bellows and cosmetic parts shall be free of defects at the time of shipment and,
therefore, shall not be covered under these limited warranty terms.
4. Upon request from HEMC, the consumer must provide information to reasonably prove the
date of purchase.
5. The customer shall bear the cost of shipping the product to the Customer Service Department
of HEMC. HEMC shall bear the cost of shipping the product back to the consumer after the
completion of service under this limited warranty.
WHAT THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER:
1. Defects or damages resulting from use of the product in other than its normal and customary
manner.
2. Defects or damages from abnormal use, abnormal conditions, improper storage, exposure to
moisture or dampness, unauthorized modifications, unauthorized connections, unauthorized
repair, misuse, neglect, abuse, accident, alteration, improper installation, or other acts which are
not the fault of HEMC, including damage caused by shipping, blown fuses, spills of food or
liquid.
3. Alleged defect or malfunction of the product during the applicable limited warranty period not
reported by the end user to HEMC prior to the expiration of the warranty period as defined.
4. Products which have had the serial number removed or made illegible.
5. Damage resulting from use of non-HEMC approved accessories.
6. All plastic surfaces and all other externally exposed parts that are scratched or damaged due to
normal customer use.
7. Products operated outside published maximum ratings.
8. Products used or obtained in a rental program.
9. Consumables (such as fuses).
10. This limited warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied either in fact or
by operations of law, statutory or otherwise, including, but not limited to any implied warranty of
marketability or fitness for a particular use.
WHAT HEMC WILL DO?
HEMC will, at its sole discretion, either repair, replace or refund the purchase price of any unit
that does not conform to this limited warranty. HEMC may choose at its discretion to use
functionally equivalent reconditioned, refurbished or new units or parts.

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STATE LAW RIGHTS:
THE DURATION OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MARKETABILITY, IS LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE
WARRANTY EXPRESSED HEREIN. HEMC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE LOSS OF
THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, INCONVENIENCE, LOSS OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES,
DIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF, OR INABILITY TO USE,
THIS PRODUCT OR FOR ANY BREACH OF ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY,
INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MARKETABILITY APPLICABLE TO THIS
PRODUCT.
Some states do not allow the exclusive of limitation of incidental or consequential damages or
limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts; these limitations or exclusions may not apply
to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which
vary from state to state.
HOW TO GET WARRANTY SERVICE:
To obtain warranty service, you may contact us by telephone, fax or email at:
Tel. [phone], Fax. [phone] or [e-mail].
Visit www.hallowell.com
Correspondence may also be mailed to:
Hallowell EMC
239 West Street
Pittsfield, MA 01201
All conditions of this warranty become null and void should the VOID seal (located
under the Instruction Plate) be broken.
Prices, terms, and product specifications are subject to change without notice.

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INTRODUCTION
The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO Veterinary Anesthesia Ventilator are designed
specifically for veterinary anesthesia use. It is volume cycled with a choice of three bellows
sizes, providing consistent IPPV for patients from rabbits to foals.
The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO from Hallowell EMC incorporates experience resulting from
over twenty years of ventilator design and manufacture. The device is small, portable, and quiet
in operation. It has been designed to be economical in its consumption of supply gas.
The ventilator consists of two main assemblies: the controller assembly, comprising all
electronics, regulatory and control electronics and pneumatics; and the bellows assembly,
comprising the bellows base with pop-off valve, the bellows and the bellows housing. The
bellows assembly is easily removed to facilitate cleaning and sterilization. Equally as easily, the
different size bellows and bellows housings may be interchanged on the same bellows base to
minimize the ventilator's contribution to the compliance of the breathing system, and to provide
increased resolution on the tidal volume scale in the 0-300 ml tidal volume range.
The bellows base is of injection molded ULTEM, a product of General Electric Plastics.
ULTEMis a high temperature, high-impact resistant material that is unaffected by water or the
presence of all state-of-the-art anesthetics. In addition, the high temperature properties of
ULTEMmake it fully compatible with standard steam sterilization techniques.
The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO is shipped as a free-standing unit with the bellows assembly
mounted on top of the controller. For custom installations such as for use in conjunction with
MRI units, the bellows assembly may be separated from the controller and mounted in a location
closer to the patient. As supplied, the ventilator may be located on the anesthesia machine shelf
or cart, or on a table top. The rubber feet can be removed for installation on an optional heavy-
duty stand with casters. The stand increases the mobility of the unit permitting convenient use in
multiple operating rooms. Optionally, Hallowell EMC provides mounting hardware for the
Matrx VMC and Spartan, VMS and VML anesthesia machines. Mounting hardware is also
available for anesthesia machines manufactured by A.M. Bickford, Anesco, Delmarva Labs,
Dispo-Med, SDI, and VetEquip (formally Omni Medical).
Important
Before attempting to use this ventilator, it is important that you first thoroughly familiarize
yourself with this manual. After your review, you should complete the receiving and setup
procedures, then perform the verification check with a test lung, as described herein. Become
familiar with the ventilator's controls during the verification check, and observe the effect of
control adjustments on the breathing system.

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RECEIVING PROCEDURES
1. Remove all components from the shipping carton. Retain and store both original shipping
cartons for use in the event that the unit has to be shipped. (See “Returning For Service”).
2. Inspect the ventilator and accessories for any signs of damage that may have occurred during
shipping. If damage has occurred, immediately file a damage claim with the carrier.
Packed by _______________ Date ____/____/____ Controller SN_______________
Received by ________________ Date ____/____/____ Serial Number verified ________
3. Check the items against the packing slip and report discrepancies immediately.
All ventilator models include and are shipped with the following:
•Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO Controller
•Bellows Base Assembly (PN 000A0510)
•Tube, Driving Gas (7½” black rubber) (PN 000A0495)
•Airway Pressure Sampling Tee (PN 000A2420B)
•36” x 22 mm Breathing System Tube (PN 201A1615)
•Power Cord (not included for export) (PN 110A1118)
•Warranty Card (DOCB0015)
•Operating Manual (DOCA3668A)
The standard Model - our 300 - 1600 ml version - (PN 000A2781) also includes one each of:
•Bellows, 300 - 1600 ml (PN 000A0488)
•Bellows Housing, 300 - 1600 ml (PN 200A2289)
The 0 - 300 ml version (PN 000A2780) also includes one each of
•Bellows, 0 - 300 ml (PN 000A0487)
•Adapter, Bellows, 0 - 300 ml (PN 000A0486)
•Bellows Housing, 0 - 300 ml (PN 200A2288)
The 1600 - 3000 ml version (PN 000A2782) also includes one each of:
•Bellows, 1600 - 3000 ml (PN 000A1866)
•Bellows Housing, 1600 - 3000 ml (PN 200A1867)
Numerous other optional parts may have been shipped with your order also. Please refer to the
packing slip for details.
4. Complete and return the enclosed Warranty Registration card.

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SET-UP PROCEDURE
1. Inspect the control unit for debris from shipping. Inspect all three ports, the 50 psi
SUPPLY GAS, EXHAUST, and DRIVING GAS ports on the back of the ventilator and
remove any obstructions that may have become lodged inside during shipping and
unpacking.
2. Inspect the bellows assembly for debris from shipping. Tilt the top of the bellows
housing toward you and lift it off. Remove the accessories from within the bellows
housing.
3. Ensure that all passages, ports, and chambers are free, clear and unobstructed. Note
that even a hair across the pop-off valve seat will produce an unacceptable leak in the
breathing system.
Caution:
If removal of the pop-off valve becomes necessary, remove the bellows by gently lifting it off to
the side. Unscrew the three red thumb screws. Gently lift the pop-off valve off the bellows base
assembly to reveal the pop-off valve seat and red silicone o-ring. Do not damage the valve seat.
Do not touch the seat with any type of hard object--even a fingernail scratch--could permanently
damage the seat. Be sure the red o-ring remains in its gland in the bellows base.
4. Reassemble the bellow assembly. If removed, first install the pop-off valve with the three
red thumbscrews. Next install the bellows with its first convolution over the bellows-
mounting ring. Carefully hold the outer edge of the bellows disk (top of bellows): lift and
lower it quickly several times to puff out and remove any folds in the convolutions. Place
the bellows housing over the bellows, positioning the housing so that the tabs are to the
immediate right of the bayonet locks. Gently press the housing down, twisting the housing
clockwise at the same time until the tabs engage with the bayonet locks. The bellows
assembly is now reassembled.
5. Connect the drive gas tube. Locate the 7½" long corrugated black rubber drive gas tube,
with 15 mm diameter cuffed ends. Connect the tube between the bellows assembly
DRIVING GAS port and the DRIVING GAS port of the control unit. If the bellows
assembly is being mounted remotely from the control unit, a longer 15 mm tube will be
needed. (A ½" garden hose works well for the long runs to MRI units, but the shorter this
tube can be, the better.)
6. Position the ventilator. Place the ventilator in an accessible location, close to the area
where it will be used, both for convenience,and in an effort to keep the breathing system
tubing as short as possible.
7. Connect the ventilator to the breathing system. Remove the breathing bag from the bag
connector of the Anesthesia machine. Connect the 22 mm x 36” corrugated tube (PN
201A1615) to the BREATHING SYSTEM port of the bellows assembly and to the bag
connector. Use of the clear breathing circuit tubing is recommended so the user can see an
excessive accumulation of condensation that may interfere with gas flows within the
breathing system

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SET-UP PROCEDURE (Continued)
8. Insert the Airway Pressure Sampling Tee into the breathing system. Disconnect the
patient breathing hose from the INHALE VALVE of the anesthesia machine. Connect the
Airway Pressure Sampling Tee (PN 000A2420B) to the INHALE VALVE and reconnect
the patient breathing hose to the Airway Pressure Sampling Tee. Route the sampling tube
as desired to the ventilator Pressure Transducer port on the rear panel. Trim sampling tube
to length leaving enough slack for movement. Install Luer Lock fitting such that the hose
barb is fully set into the tube. Attach fitting to ventilator Pressure Transducer port.
9. Connect the ventilator to the scavenger. Use a 19-mm corrugated tube (not provided) to
connect the EXHAUST port of the bellows assembly to a properly functioning scavenger
system.
Warning:
Applying any negative or positive pressure to the EXHAUST port of the bellows base assembly
will result in a more positive pressure in the patient breathing system and improper operation of
the ventilator.
10. Connect the supply gas. Connect the supply gas hose to the 50 psi SUPPLY GAS port of
the control unit, and to the supply gas source. The unit is provided with a DISS 1240 male
oxygen bulkhead fitting. Gas consumption of the ventilator is very economical, therefore,
the use of oxygen as a drive gas is recommended. Oxygen use reduces the risk of unit
malfunction due to contamination of the pneumatics. Compressed air may be used, but it
must be CLEAN and DRY.
The 50-psi source for the ventilator may be provided from a separate tank, wall or ceiling
drop, or from a PTO (Power-Take Off) on the anesthesia machine. Should none of the
above be available, a common practice, for machines with DISS 1240 male O2inlets, is to
remove the O2supply line to the anesthesia machine from the anesthesia machine, connect a
demand wye (HEMC PN 150A1691 (GRN) or 150A1692 (WHITE)) to the inlet of the
anesthesia machine and then reconnect the O2supply line to the anesthesia machine via one
of the two remaining connections to the wye. This leaves one leg of the wye available to
source the ventilator with O2, connect HEMC PN 000A0489 (GRN) or 000A0490 (WHITE)
between the demand wye and the ventilator 50-psi inlet.
11. Connect the electrical power. PRIOR to connecting the electrical power, confirm that the
power inlet module voltage selector switch is set appropriately for your location.
Export Customers Beware
Warning:
Turning the ventilator on with the Power Inlet Module Voltage Selector switch set for 110 volts
while the unit is plugged into a 208 - 240-volt source WILL damage the unit and void the
warranty.
Special order 100Vac Japanese versions require no voltage selector setting and will work
ONLY on 100Vac.
Plug the ventilator into a properly grounded power source.

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CONTROLS
Two controls, the RATE and VOLUME on the Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO are used to directly
set the amount of ventilation.
VOLUME Control - A needle valve regulating inspiratory flow. Use to adjust the minute
ventilation of the patient. Since the I:E ratio is held constant at 1:2, this is the only control that
will effect minute ventilation.
RATE Control - A potentiometer. Use to set the respiratory rate in breaths per minute. (BPM).
The MWPL is used to set a safety limit and the INSP HOLD is used to pause cycling. All
models with the exception of special order 100v ventilators for use in Japan have one additional
control located on back panel. Each control is described in detail below.
I/O Power Switch - a toggle switch used to turn the ventilator on. The green LED indicates the
power is on when illuminated.
INSPiratory HOLD Control –A momentary pushbutton. Use to pause the breathing cycle at
the end of the current or next inspiration for as long as the button is held unless the set MWPL is
exceeded.
Maximum Working Pressure Limit Control (MWPL) - A potentiometer. Use to adjust an
upper limit above which you wish the airway pressure never to exceed.
Voltage Selector - A switch adjacent to the power inlet module on the back panel. Use to select
either 105-125v or 208-240v operation.
Caution:
Be absolutely sure the voltage selector switch is set to the appropriate setting BEFORE the
ventilator is turned on. Turning on a ventilator connected to at 208-240V source while the
voltage selector switch is in the 110v position WILL damage the unit and VOID the
warranty.

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ALARMS
Maximum Working Pressure Limit (MWPL): The MWPL feature allows the operator to set
an upper limit above which the airway pressure will not exceed. The ventilator will terminate the
inspiratory phase of the breathing cycle and begin an expiratory phase when the pressure
transducer senses a pressure above the MWPL setting. The MWPL is settable over a range from
10 to 60 cm H2O. When the airway pressure reaches the set limit, the yellow light on the front
panel blinks and a short tone is heard. If the excessive pressure is not immediately relieved,
cycling is paused and the alarm sounds continuously. Note that the INSPiratory HOLD feature is
designed to not function when the MWPL setting is exceeded. Therefore, a holding inspiration
will be released when the MWPL setting is exceeded.
Low Breathing System Pressure Alarm (LO BSP): The LO BSP alarm is activated at the end
of inspiration if there is not at least 5 cm H2O pressure sensed by the pressure transducer. This
alarm is sometimes commonly referred to as a "disconnect" alarm; however, it should be
understood that a patient disconnect is not always nor the only cause of low breathing system
pressure. During the alarm condition a yellow light is illuminated on the front panel and the
sound of a raspy siren is heard. The alarm is automatically reset at the end of the next inspiratory
phase in which there is a minimum of 5 cm H2O pressure sensed by the pressure transducer.
Low 50 psi Supply Gas Alarm: The Low Supply Gas alarm is activated when the supply gas
pressure drops below 35 psi (2.4 bar). The sensor for this alarm is located downstream of the
internal 40-micron filter and may also indicate a clogged filter condition. During an Alarm
condition, the yellow light on the front panel is illuminated and a steady, continuous tone is
heard. This alarm automatically resets when the pressure increases above 40 psi (2.7 bar).
VERIFICATION OF PROPER FUNCTION
A Note on Test Lungs
The most readily available test lung will probably be the breathing bag you removed to connect
the ventilator. A breathing bag is a very poor model of a lung. It can be used if one understands
how poor a model of the lung it is and how to avoid using it in such a way that it creates problems
that will not occur with a real patient.
A far better test lung is a ridged walled container such as a gas can, water fountain bottle, or beer
keg. The compliance of these containers is equal to their volume in liters and will be linear as is
that of a real lung over normal operating ranges. Most importantly they will maintain a
functional residual capacity (FRC) that is hard to maintain in a breathing bag.
The breathing bag has an unpredictable FRC from breath to breath if bumped or squeezed beyond
the point of relaxation, more gas than would normally be popped off at the end of exhalation
escapes from the breathing system. The bellows then abnormally fails to remain at the top of the
bellows housing at the end of exhalation. To use the bag successfully, connect it to the patient
wye, hang it vertically, and do not disturb it.
Verification of proper ventilator operation requires that you first complete the system setup, as
described on page 7 and connect a test lung to the patient wye piece. During verification, you
will be observing the operation of the entire system configuration, checking for leaks, and
monitoring the ventilator for consistent cycling.

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•Install appropriate bellows assembly. Use the 0-300 ml bellows, bellows adapter, and
bellows housing for tidal volume requirements below 300 ml.
•Connect a test lung to the patient wye and close the pop-off of the anesthesia machine.
•Fill the breathing system with the O2flush until the bellows reaches the top of the bellows
housing.
•Turn the VOLUME controls fully clockwise to the minimum setting, set the rate as desired
and turn the ventilator on.
VERIFICATION OF PROPER FUNCTION (Continued)
•Increase the VOLUME controls until the peak pressure of each breath is approximately 30
cm H2O.
•Depress the INSPiratory HOLD button long enough to verify that the breathing system is not
leaking. The pressure should remain constant.
•Release the INSPiratory HOLD button. Observe that the ventilator is continuing to cycle, and
that over time, ~ten cycles, and the bellows is not falling significantly.
•Turn the VOLUME controls fully clockwise to the minimum setting and turn the ventilator
off.
Note that this verification procedure is printed on each instruction plate on the ventilator sides.
STOP HERE.
IF THE VENTILATOR IS NOT PERFORMING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE EXPECTED
OBSERVATIONS, DO NOT USE THE VENTILATOR. REFER TO THE
"TROUBLESHOOTING" SECTION.
Note that in the above procedure no fresh gas flow was used. During actual operation of the
system, the anesthesia machine will be set to deliver enough fresh gas to compensate for minor
leaks in the entire breathing system and variations in patient uptake. This fresh gas will keep
bellows full between each Inspiratory cycle.

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GETTING STARTED
A TYPICAL USAGE SCENARIO
The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO is a time cycled volume ventilator with an adjustable pressure
limit. The more you understand of the ventilator, how it works, and what it does in response to
your settings, the more comfortable you will be with it. It will feel "right" to change a setting and
get what you want from the ventilator.
Making the initial settings:
What are you going to do first? If this is your first ventilator, you've probably spent many an
hour bagging patients that required IPPV. You are, by now, comfortable doing that. Let's setup
the ventilator to "bag" a patient as you would bag one yourself. If you are convinced the
ventilator is bagging the patient, as you would be, you can feel comfortable with what the
machine is doing.
When you bag a patient, you're careful not to over inflate the lungs. You have a feeling as to how
hard to squeeze the bag. Your feelings have grown out of experience: checking the chest wall
excursion and correlating that with a reading from the airway pressure manometer on the
anesthesia machine. In general, for a healthy patient, the peek inspiratory pressure (PIP) should
be kept in the range of 15-20 cm H2O. Patients with more compliant lungs may even require less
pressure for adequate ventilation and visa versa.
After induction and intubations, when it is time to start IPPV, set the VOLUME controls fully
clockwise to the minimum setting. These controls are needle valves regulating inspiratory flow,
with no or very little flow you will deliver no or a very small tidal volume (TV). Set the
maximum working pressure limit (MWPL) control to about 20 cm H2O. The airway pressure will
not exceed this setting regardless of what you do with the other controls. Connect the ventilator
to the breathing system (BS) as discussed in the Set-up Procedure, fill the bellows by turning up
the fresh gas flow until the bellows reaches the top of the bellows housing. Turn the ventilator
on. Set the RATE control to an appropriate rate for the patient.
There will be a pause before the first inspiration. Watch the chest wall excursion and the airway
manometer as you would when you bag. Since we have started with the inspiratory flow very
low, the first TV delivered will be too small to generate sufficient airway pressure.
Consequently, the Low Breathing System (LO BSP) alarm will sound -- don't be alarmed. Now,
increase the VOLUME controls breath by breath, a little at a time, until the chest wall excursions
and PIP reach levels that you would seek to achieve while bagging. At this point you can be
comfortable that the ventilator "is squeezing the bag" as you would be.
Trimming the settings as the case proceeds:
At this point the ventilator is delivering an inspiratory flow, determined by your setting of the
VOLUME controls, for a time as calculated from your setting of the RATE control. This flow for
a time results in a volume delivered to the bellows assembly that "squeezes the bag", I mean
bellows, displacing the mixed gas within to the patient.
This delivery to the patient, these TVs at the set rate, results in the overall minute ventilation
(MV). It is the proper MV that must be delivered to the patient in order to maintain proper blood
gas and pH levels.
This MV can be delivered in many ways from a few large TVs to a lot of small TVs. The most
optimum combination is up to you to determine just as you would while bagging.

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GETTING STARTED (Continued)
Our ventilator, for those of you familiar with the term, is considered a MV divider. For those
unfamiliar with the term, the ventilator delivers a consistent MV to the patient and that MV is
divided into different size TVs by the RATE control. You can change the RATE control all you
want without changing the total ventilation delivered to the patient. Let me repeat that. You can
change the RATE control all you want and it will not effect the total ventilation delivered to the
patient.** In order to change the MV delivered you need only, in fact you must, change the
VOLUME controls. This point will be quite important when you go to wean the patient from the
ventilator.
Remember, when you change the VOLUME controls it is the inspiratory flow that you are
changing directly. The rate and, therefore, the time that flow is delivered has not changed, thus
the delivered TV will be either larger or smaller than before. Stop and think about it, you are now
delivering a different volume of gas to the same compliance of the patient; it follows that the PIP
will be different. This different PIP may be fine or it may be unnecessarily high or low. In the
high extreme the MWPL alarm will sound, a short steady tone, and the PIP will be limited to the
set value or in the low extreme, the LO BSP alarm will sound, a warbling tone.
Back to the change being implemented, you have changed the MV as desired now, If needed, trim
the delivered TV size with the RATE control to obtain a new TV that results in a more
appropriate PIP, and no alarms.
Now do it and get comfortable with it. Don't just put this document away - setup the ventilator
and a test lung. Read this again trying what is discussed as you read.
Note that no discussion has been made of I-time and E-time and the need to keep them in a proper
relation to each other. This relation is automatically held constant by the ventilator. The I:E ratio
is a consistent 1:2, no need to think about it - there will be enough time for exhalation. For those
of you that want to think about it, we offer the model 2KIE with an adjustable ratio from 1:1.5 to
1:4. Even when the I:E ratio is adjustable that ratio is still held constant over the full range of rate
settings.
**This statement is somewhat of a simplification as you deviate greatly from the current RATE
setting. There is a difference in MV delivered by the ventilator and the alveolar ventilation
received by the patient. This difference is related to the dead space and BS compliance. With
each TV delivered, a portion ventilates the dead space and BS, the more TVs per minute the
greater the portion of the delivered MV that is not seen by the alveoli and, thus, is of no use to the
patient. The significance of this difference is small unless the BS being used is severely
mismatched with the patient or the deviation from the current setting is great. Similarly the
amount of variation is minimal with the small changes needed to trim the TV after adjusting the
MV.

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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Output of the Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO is adjusted by only two controls; a linearly
calibrated RATE control (breaths per minute), and a metering VOLUME control.
Follow the setup and verification procedures and be certain the pop-off valve on the anesthesia
machine is completely closed.
DETAILED OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS:
1. When the patient is ready, reconnect the ventilator to breathing system.
2. ALWAYS set the VOLUME controls to its minimum setting before turning on the ventilator.
The VOLUME controls must be fully clockwise to be set to the minimum setting.
3. Set the maximum working pressure limit (MWPL).
4. Turn on the ventilator. Set the RATE before any adjustment is made to the VOLUME.
Adjust the RATE to the desired breaths per minute setting.
NOTE: As you proceed, continually observe the anesthesia system's breathing system pressure
(BSP) gauge to ensure that excessive pressures are not being attained.
5. The volume controls, as noted above, are initially set after the appropriate RATE has been
selected. Turn the VOLUME controls counterclockwise to increase the tidal volume
delivered, or clockwise, to decrease the tidal volume delivered. Read the approximate tidal
volume by noting the displacement of the bellows in ml as indicated on the bellows housing
scale. At a given RATE setting, the tidal volume can be increased or decreased in this
manner.
6. Slight changes in he RATE and VOLUME controls can be made as the procedure continues
but never make any gross adjustments to these controls with the patient connected.
Warning:
Under no circumstances should the flush button on the anesthesia machine be used during the
Inspiratory phase of the breathing cycle. There is the extreme danger of rupturing a lung. The
flush button introduces 50 - 100 lpm, perhaps more, of oxygen flow into the breathing system.
During inspiration the discharge valve in the control unit is closed so that flush flow is added to
the inspiratory flow generated by the ventilator and has no where else to go except to the patient's
lungs. It is recommended that the flush feature on the anesthesia machine NEVER be used with
patient connected. The oxygen flow valve can be opened further than normal providing a more
controllable high flow of oxygen.

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CLEANING & STERILIZATION
A majority of the Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO components do not come in contact with the
breathing gas; consequently, they require cleaning with only a damp cloth. This includes the
entire control unit as well as certain bellows assembly components. Only the bellows base
interior and the inside of the bellows come in contact with the breathing system gases.
CAUTION:
NEVER use an abrasive cleaner to clean any part of the ventilator. Abrasives will scratch the
transparent acrylic bellow housing and other surfaces of the ventilator. Also, DO NOT allow
water from an overly-damp cloth to collect on or penetrate into the ventilator.
Cleaning the Ventilator Surfaces: The outer surface of the ventilator may be cleaned simply by
using a clean, soft, slightly damp cloth. A mild detergent solution may be used to remove
persistent surface dirt or grime. Be sure to use only a mild detergent, if necessary, and use care to
ensure that the cloth is only slightly damp.
WARNING:
Clean bellows and bellows housing only with water and a mild detergent. Use a soft cloth.
Avoid abrasives and aromatic spirits. (USE NO ALCOHOL.)
Cleaning the Bellows Housing: Remove the bellows housing for cleaning and for access to the
bellows and pop-off valve. Twist the housing counterclockwise until the tabs at the base of the
housing clear the bayonet locks. (This may require some degree of force because of a tight o-ring
fit.) Tilt the top of the bellows housing toward you and lift it off. DO NOT attempt to steam-
sterilize the bellows housing. Since it does not come in contact with the breathing gas, it needs
only occasional cleaning with a clean, soft slightly damp cloth, or by immersion in a mild
detergent bath, followed by rinsing. Moreover, steam sterilization may warp or deform the
housing rendering it useless. USE NO ALCOHOL.
Cleaning the pop-off valve: With the bellows housing removed, it is necessary to also remove
the bellows to gain access to the pop-off valve. This is easily accomplished by gently pulling the
bellows to the side until it detaches from the base.
Removing the bellows exposes the pop-off valve and the three small red thumbscrews which
attach it to bellows base. Loosen the three screws and remove the valve. The black, ULTEM
pop-off valve seat will now be exposed. This valve seat has a precision machined and lapped
surface, which is relatively delicate: USE CONSIDERABLE CARE while cleaning the seat with
a clean, soft, damp-cloth. Clean P.O.V. disk with cotton swab and alcohol.
CAUTION:
NEVER use an abrasive cleaner or hard object to clean the valve seat. Abrasives or hard objects
will scratch or damage the seat, causing the pop-off valve to leak, which will result in a serious
malfunction of the ventilator.
NOTE THAT EVEN A PIECE OF LINT ON THE SEAT COULD CAUSE A LEAK.
After cleaning the pop-off valve seat, replace the valve taking care to ensure that the small orange
o-ring (PN 180A1429) under the pop-off valve is securely in place. If this orange o-ring is
dislodged or missing, the ventilator will not be able to function properly.

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CLEANING & STERILIZATION (Continued)
Sterilizing the bellows base from the controller and bellows interior surface: The bellows and its
interior surface do come in contact with the breathing gas, and require periodic sterilization.
Sterilization is accomplished with the bellows housing and bellows removed, as described above.
The pop-off valve, and the 300-ml bellows adapter, if used may remain on the base during
sterilization.
To remove the bellows base from the controller for sterilization, disconnect the hoses from the
base and loosen the four black thumbscrews, located at the corners. First, clean the base using a
clean, soft, slightly dampened cloth. Then wrap the whole base and steam sterilize it using the
same standard hospital techniques as used for any surgical apparatus.
Finally, clean and sterilize the bellows using an appropriate hospital technique for delicate latex
supplies. DO NOT steam sterilize the bellows.
After completing the above sterilization procedures, complete the reassembly of the unit by first
reattaching the bellows base to the ventilator control unit, reconnect the hoses, and slip the first
convolution of the bellow over the bellows mounting ring. Then and finally, reattach the bellows
housing to the base. This completes the cleaning and sterilization procedures.

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TROUBLESHOOTING
Leaks in the circle (breathing) system are very common. Particularly, the reuse of "single use"
circle systems frequently results in leaks. This reuse practice is not recommended. Circle system
leaks are not as apparent when bagging a patient or when using an older style ventilator with a
falling-during-exhalation bellows system. The Model 2002PRO /2002IEPRO Ventilator with its
state-of-the-art standing (ascending)-during-exhalation bellows system will, more readily reveal
system leaks.
The determination as to whether a leak is in the circle system and/or anesthesia machine or in the
ventilator is easily accomplished. The following procedure should be conducted:
1. Close the anesthesia machine's pop-off valve.
2. Turn off the flow of fresh gas.
3. Disconnect the 22-mm tube from the bellows base assemblies' BREATHING SYSTEM
port and connect it to the patient wye piece to produce a closed loop.
4. While observing the breathing system pressure, slowly increase the fresh gas flow to the
system until the pressure builds to about 50 cm H2O.
5. Turn the flow off.
6. The pressure should hold steady without falling appreciably.
If the system passes this test, refer to the following table to locate the problem with the ventilator.
A Note on Fuse Replacement
Units with SN 2757 and higher have a dual fused Power Inlet Module. The fuse compartment is
accessed by removing the power cord and sliding the fuse drawer open. Replace fuses ONLY
with fuses of the same size and rating as listed on the rear panel below the Power Inlet.
The voltage selector switch with the screwdriver slot IS NOT the fuse holder.
Units prior to SN 2757 are shipped with a Power Inlet Module with one spare fuse. The fuse
compartment is accessed by removing the power cord from the controller and, using a small
screwdriver, pry out the rectangular fuse carrier. Once the fuse carrier is removed, you can see
the fuse. The spare fuse is located inside the rectangular part of the carrier. Slide the drawer out
from one end to gain access to the spare fuse.

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TROUBLESHOOTING (Continued)
Symptom
Potential Causes
Possible Remedies
Ventilator sounds as though it is
•No supply gas pressure.
•Unkink the supply gas hose.
cycling. I can hear the valves
•VOLUME control is set at it's
•Replace empty tank.
clicking but nothing happens.
minimum.
•Increase the VOLUME setting.
Ventilator hums with each inspiration.
•Supply gas pressure at the
•Unkink supply gas hose.
•ventilator inlet is dropping to
•Anesthesia machine power outlet
•around 25 - 30 psi with O2flow.
is incapable of supplying the
•Pipeline or tank pressure is low.
required flow. Bypass it.
Switch to new supply gas source.
Nothing happens when the
•No electrical power.
•Plug ventilator into the proper
ventilator is turned on. No valves
power source.
are clicking, green LED not lit.
•Check voltage setting.
•Check the outlet.
•Check the fuse
Pop-off valve in the Bellows Base
•Excessive fresh gas flow from the
•Reduce the fresh gas flow.
chatters and the bellows shakes
anesthesia machine.
after it reaches the top during
exhalation.
Inspiratory flow chugs intermittently.
•Pressure within the bellows
housing is exceeding 70 cm H2O.
•Working pressure limit is
shutting off the switch Inspiratory
flow.
•Inflate collapsed bellows.
•Unkink the drive gas tube.
•Unkink breathing system hose.
The ventilator operation sounds
normal but the TV delivered is incorrect
and or inconsistent.
•Missing or damaged pop-off
valve o-ring.
•Replace o-ring
Irregular cycling when using cautery or
•Excessive generation of EMI
•Locate and repair source of
other electro-surgical device.
and/or RFI.
disturbance.
Bellows dislodges from mounting ring.
•Partially detached or improperly
•Reattach or replace the bellows.
•Repair defective or poorly
regulated scavenger system.
mounted bellows.
•Either pressure or vacuum is
occurring at the Bellows Base
EXHAUST port.
Bellows is bulging.
•P.O.V. is stuck closed.
(To determine if this is the
problem, temporarily disconnect
scavenger to isolate problem.)
•Clean P.O.V. and seat.*
Everything seems normal, but the
•Breathing system gas is leaking
from the system. (SEE THE
FIRST PARAGRAPH OF THIS
SECTION )
•Inadequate fresh gas supply from
anesthesia machine.
•Missing or damaged pop-off
valve o-ring
•Hole in Bellows
•Partially detached or improperly
•installed bellows.
•Damaged pop-off valve or valve
seat.
•Anesthesia machines pop-off
valve is not completely closed.
•Remove obstruction.
•Increase flow.
•Replace o-ring
•Replace Bellows
•Reattach Bellows to the mounting
ring.
•Replace damaged part.
•Check all tubes and tubing
connections for leaks.
•Clean P.O.V. and seat.*
•Close, repair or replace valve.
bellows progressively becomes less full.
*See “Cleaning the P.O.V.” page 16.