Hanna Instruments HI 96814 User manual

1
Instruction Manual
HI 96811, HI 96812
HI 96813, HI 96814
Refractometers for Wine and Grape
Product Measurements
www.hannainst.com
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TEL [phone]

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All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the
copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895, USA.
Remove the instrument from the packing materials and examine carefully to ensure no
damage has occurred during shipping. If any damage has occurred, notify your Dealer
or closest Hanna Customer Service Center.
Each instrument is supplied with:
• 9 V battery
• Instruction manual
Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument functions
correctly. A defective instrument must be returned in its original packing.
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of these instruments. Please read it carefully before using the meters.
If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tec[email protected].
These instruments are in compliance with directives.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ............................................................................................. 2
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 3
SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................. 4
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ................................................................................................ 5
MEASUREMENT UNITS ........................................................................................................ 6
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................ 7
DISPLAY ELEMENTS ............................................................................................................ 8
MEASUREMENT GUIDELINES .............................................................................................. 9
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ................................................................................................ 9
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ...........................................................................................10
TO CHANGE MEASUREMENT UNIT (HI 96813, HI 96814) ..............................................11
TO CHANGE TEMPERATURE UNIT....................................................................................12
TO CHANGE POTENTIAL ALCOHOL CONVERSION FACTOR (HI 96813 only) ................13
MAKING A STANDARD %BRIX SOLUTION ......................................................................13
ERROR MESSAGES ............................................................................................................14
BATTERY REPLACEMENT .................................................................................................15
WARRANTY ........................................................................................................................15
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The HI 96811, HI 96812, HI 96813 and HI 96814 Digital Wine Refractometers are rugged
portable, water resistant devices that benefit from Hanna’s years of experience as a manufacturer of
analytical instruments. Hanna offers four related wine refractometers to fill the differing requirements
found in the industry. All are equally valid ways to measure the sugar content of grape or must
samples in the field or winery.
The HI 96811, HI 96812, HI 96813 and HI 96814 are optical instruments that are based on the
measurement of the refractive index of a solution. The measurement of refractive index is simple
and quick and provides the vintner a standard accepted method for sugar content analysis. Samples
are measured after a simple user calibration with deionized or distilled water. Within seconds the
instrument measures the refractive index of the grape. These digital refractometers eliminate the
uncertainty associated with mechanical refractometers and are easily portable for measurements in
the field.
The four instruments utilize internationally recognized references for unit conversion and temperature
compensation.
HI 96811 measures %Brix
HI 96812 measures °Baumé
HI 96813 measures %Brix
Potential Alcohol (% vol)
HI 96814 measures %Brix
°Oechsle (°Oe)
°KMW (°Babo)
Temperature (in °C or °F) is displayed simultaneously with the measurement on the large dual level
display along with icons for Low Power and other helpful message codes.
Key features include:
• Dual-level LCD
• Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC)
• Easy setup and storage
• Battery operation with Low Power indicator (BEPS)
• Automatically turns off after 3 minutes of non-use
• Single-point calibration with distilled or deionized water
• Waterproof models offers IP65 waterproof protection
• Quick, precise results readings are displayed in approximately 1.5 seconds
• Small sample size as small as 2 metric drops.
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HI 96811
Range: 0 to 50 %Brix / 0 to 80°C (32 to 176°F)
Resolution: 0.1 %Brix / 0.1°C (0.1°F)
Accuracy: ±0.2 %Brix / ±0.3°C (±0.5°F)
HI 96812
Range: 0 to 28 °Baumé / 0 to 80°C (32 to 176°F)
Resolution: 0.1 °Baumé / 0.1°C (0.1°F)
Accuracy: ±0.1 °Baumé / ±0.3°C (±0.5°F)
HI 96813
Range: 0 to 50 %Brix / 0 to 25 % v/v Potential Alcohol / 0 to 80°C (32 to 176°F)
Resolution: 0.1 %Brix / 0.1 % v/v Potential Alcohol / 0.1°C (0.1°F)
Accuracy: ±0.2 %Brix / ±0.2 % v/v Potential Alcohol / ±0.3°C (±0.5°F)
HI 96814
Range: 0 to 50 %Brix / 0 to 230 °Oechsle / 0 to 42 °KMW / 0 to 80°C (32 to 176°F)
Resolution: 0.1 %Brix / 1 °Oechsle / 0.1 °KMW / 0.1°C (0.1°F)
Accuracy: ±0.2 %Brix / ±1 °Oechsle / ±0.2 °KMW / ±0.3°C (±0.5°F)
COMMON SPECIFICATIONS
Temperature Compensation: Automatic between 10 and 40°C (50 - 104°F)
Measurement Time: Approximately 1.5 seconds
Minimum Sample Volume: 100μL (cover prism totally)
Light Source: Yellow LED
Sample Cell: Stainless Steel ring and flint glass prism
Case Material: ABS
Enclosure Rating: IP 65
Battery Type / Life: 1 X 9V / 5000 readings
Auto-Off: After 3 minutes of non-use
Dimensions: 19.2(W) x 10.2(D) x 6.7(H) cm
Mass: 420 g
SPECIFICATIONS
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%Brix, °Baumé, °Oechsle, °KMW and % potential alcohol determinations are made by measuring
the refractive index of a solution. Refractive Index is an optical characteristic of a substance and the
number of dissolved particles in it. Refractive Index is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in
empty space to the speed of light in the substance. A result of this property is that light will “bend”,
or change direction, when it travels through a substance of different refractive index. This is called
refraction.
When passing from a material with a higher to lower refractive index, there is a critical angle at
which an incoming beam of light can no longer refract, but will instead be reflected off the interface.
The critical angle can be used to easily calculate the refractive index according to the equation:
sin (θcritical) = n2/ n1
Where n2is the refractive index of the lower-density medium; n1is the refractive index of the
higher-density medium.
In the Hanna wine measurement refractometers, light from an LED passes through a prism in contact
with the sample. An image sensor determines the critical angle at which the light is no longer
refracted through the sample.
Specialized algorithms then apply temperature compensation to the measurement and convert this
refractive index to the model specific measurement unit.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
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HI 96811, HI 96812, HI 96813 and HI 96814 measure sugar content in several units to meet the
differing requirements found in the wine industry.
HI 96811, HI 96813 and HI 96814 convert the refractive index of the sample to sucrose concentration
in units of percent by weight, %Brix (also referred to as °Brix). The conversion used is based on the
ICUMSA Methods Book (International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis). Since
the majority of sugar in grape juice is fructose and glucose and not sucrose, the reading is
sometimes referred to as “Apparent Brix”.
HI 96812 has units of °Baumé. The °Baumé scale is based on density and was originally designed
to measure the mass of sodium chloride in water. °Baumé is used in wine making to measure the
sugar in must. The HI 96812 converts the %Brix reading to °Baumé based on the table found in the
Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 18Th Edition. 1 °Baumé is approximately equal
to 1.8 %Brix, and 1 °Baumé is roughly equivalent to 1 % alcohol when the wine is fully fermented.
In addition to %Brix, HI 96814 includes two other scales used in the wine industry: °Oechsle and
°KMW.
°Oechsle (°Oe) is mainly used in the German, Swiss and Luxenburgish winemaking industry to
measure the sugar content of must. The °Oe scale is based on specific gravity at 20°C (SG20/20)
and is the first 3 digits following the decimal point. 1 °Oe is roughly equal to 0.2 %Brix.
°Oe = [(SG20/20) - 1] x 1000
°Klosterneuburger Mostwaage (°KMW) is used in Austria to measure the sugar content of must.
°KMW is related to °Oe by the following equation:
°Oe = °KMW x [(0.022 x °KMW) + 4.54]
1 °KMW is roughly equivalent to 1 %Brix or 5 °Oe. °KMW is also known as °Babo.
In addition to %Brix, HI 96813 also has a second scale that estimates the alcohol content in the
finished wine in (% vol/vol). This is known as “potential” or “probable“ alcohol since the
conversion between sugar and alcohol depends on many factors such as the type of grapes, the grape
maturity, the growing region and yeast fermentation efficiency and temperature.
Since no fixed conversion factor is universally applicable, HI 96813 allows the user to taylor the
instrument to their specific needs based on their experience.
The first conversion is based on the %Brix value, with an adjustable conversion factor anywhere
between 0.50 and 0.70 (0.55 is a common value).
Potential alcohol (% v/v) = (0.50 to 0.70) x %Brix
One drawback of the above equation is that it does not take into account the nonfermentable sugars
and extract.
A second equation was also added that takes these factors into account and can give a more accurate
estimate of the alcohol content in the finished wine. This conversion is named “C1” on the meter,
and uses the following equation:
Potential Alcohol (% v/v) = 0.059 x [(2.66 x °Oe) - 30] (C1)
MEASUREMENT UNITSMEASUREMENT UNITS
MEASUREMENT UNITSMEASUREMENT UNITS
MEASUREMENT UNITS
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9. Battery Cover
10.Battery Compartment
1. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
2. READ Key (User Measurement)
3. ZERO Key (User Calibration)
4. ON/OFF
5. Primary Display
6. Secondary Display
7. Stainless Steel Sample Well and Prism
8. RANGE (HI 96813 and HI 96814 only)
TOP VIEW
BOTTOM
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONFUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONFUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
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DISPLAY ELEMENTSDISPLAY ELEMENTS
DISPLAY ELEMENTSDISPLAY ELEMENTS
DISPLAY ELEMENTS
1. SETUP: Factory Calibration Tag
2. Measurement in Progress Tag
3. Battery (blinks when low battery condition detected)
4. CAL: Calibration Tag
5. Automatic Temperature Compensation
(blinks when temperature exceeds 10-40°C / 50-104°F range)
6 Primary Display (displays measurement and error messages)
7. Temperature Units
8. Secondary Display (displays temperature measurements; when blinking,
temperature has exceeded operation range: 0-80°C / 32-176°F)
9. Range indicator (HI 96813 and HI 96814 only)
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CALIBRATION PROCEDURECALIBRATION PROCEDURE
CALIBRATION PROCEDURECALIBRATION PROCEDURE
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
• Handle instrument carefully. Do not drop.
• Do not immerse instrument under water.
• Do not spray water to any part of instrument except the “sample well” located over the prism.
• The instrument is intended to measure grape/wine solutions. Do not expose instrument or
prism to solvents that will damage it. This includes most organic solvents and extremely hot
or cold solutions.
• Particulate matter in a sample may scratch the prism. Absorb sample on soft tissue and rinse
sample well with deionized or distilled water between samples.
• Use plastic pipettes to transfer all solutions. Do not use metallic tools such as needles, spoons
or tweezers as these will scratch the prism.
• Cover sample well with hand if measuring in direct sun.
MEASUREMENT GUIDELINESMEASUREMENT GUIDELINES
MEASUREMENT GUIDELINESMEASUREMENT GUIDELINES
MEASUREMENT GUIDELINES
Calibration should be performed daily, before measurements are made, when the battery has
been replaced, or between a long series of measurements.
1. Press the ON/OFF key, then release. Two instrument test screens will be displayed briefly;
all LCD segments followed by the percentage of remaining battery life. When the LCD
displays dashes, the instrument is ready.
2. Using a plastic pipette, fill the sample well with distilled or deionized water. Make sure the
prism is completely covered.
Note: If the ZERO sample is subject to intense light such as sunlight or another strong source,
cover the sample well with your hand or other shade during the calibration.
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3. Press the ZERO key. If no error messages appear, your unit is calibrated.
(For a description of ERROR MESSAGES see page 14).
Note: The 0.0 screen will remain until a sample is measured or the instrument is turned off.
4. Gently absorb the ZERO water standard with a soft tissue. Use care not to scratch the prism
surface. Dry the surface completely. The instrument is ready for sample measurement.
Note: If instrument is turned off the calibration will not be lost.
MEASUREMENT PROCEDUREMEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
MEASUREMENT PROCEDUREMEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
Verify the instrument has been calibrated before taking measurements.
For HI 96813 and HI 96814 select the desired measurement unit (see page 11).
1. Wipe off prism surface located at the bottom of the sample well. Make sure the prism and
sample well are completely dry.
2. Using a plastic pipette, drip sample onto the prism surface. Fill the well completely.
Note: If the temperature of the sample differs significantly from the temperature of the
instrument, wait approximately 1 minute to allow thermal equilibration.
3. Press the READ key. The results are displayed in unit of interest.
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