Hitachi US7070447-001 User manual

HiSpeed Fast Ethernet Switch
Part No. US7070447-001, Rev 01
Troubleshooting Guide

ii US7070447-001
Trademarks
          
            
!"
 #$$%     
 &" & 
Technical Support
'  "           " " 
 !       ( !      "   )
• Your name, address, telephone, and fax number
• Type of equipment, serial number, and software version number
• A description of any commands entered and the resulting output
• Whether you were trying to connect to other equipment
   
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) ./0120013##$  #10//1-##1.22#
,4) ./01$001$#2-
51) 16
((( 7) )88"8
 !  !      !   !    
     '             #3
 
         !         ! 9! 
"       
:     !    !  ! !  ; "    " 
   !" " " " "  "  !   !  
 ! ""      )
    
3#/# ' < 
   $2/2.

US7070447-001 iii
Rev 01
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction
Purpose of the Guide ......................................................................................................1-1
Basic Troubleshootin
g
Tips ............................................................................................1-1
How to Contact Tech Support .........................................................................................1-2
Chapter 2
HiSpeed Switch
What is the HiSpeed Switch? .........................................................................................2-1
Basic Product Features Supported ..........................................................................2-1
Available Confi
g
urations .................................................................................................2-2
HS140/150-010 Model .............................................................................................2-4
HS140/150-100 Model .............................................................................................2-4
Expansion Modules ..................................................................................................2-5
UpLink Modules .......................................................................................................2-6
Chapter 3
Hardware Diagnostics
Observin
g
LEDs .............................................................................................................3-1
Reset Button ............................................................................................................3-2
LEDs ........................................................................................................................3-2
Reset Button ............................................................................................................3-3
HiSpeed Memor
y
, Boot Prom, Flash Components .........................................................3-5
Factor
y
Switch Settin
g
s ..................................................................................................3-5

iv US7070447-001
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Chapter 4
Cabling
Basic Connections ..........................................................................................................4-1
10BASE-TX Ports ....................................................................................................4-2
10/100BASE-TX Ports .............................................................................................4-3
100BASE-FX Ports ..................................................................................................4-3
Console Port ............................................................................................................4-4
Chapter 5
Fundamentals of Networking
Layer 1: Physical Layer .....................................................................................5-2
Layer 2: Data Link Layer ...................................................................................5-2
Layer 3: Network Layer .....................................................................................5-3
Layer 4: Transport Layer ...................................................................................5-3
Layer 5: Session Layer ......................................................................................5-3
Layer 6: Presentation Layer ..............................................................................5-3
Layer 7: Applications Layer ...............................................................................5-3
Chapter 6
Methods of Managing the Switch
CLI (Command Line Interface) .......................................................................................6-1
Using the Console Port ............................................................................................6-1
Troubleshooting a Console Connection .............................................................6-2
Using a Telnet Session .............................................................................................6-2
Troubleshooting a Telnet Session ......................................................................6-3
Logging In ................................................................................................................6-3
Troubleshooting the Login Procedure ................................................................6-3

US7070447-001 v
Rev 01
HiView Switch Mana
g
ement ...........................................................................................6-4
Windows 95/Windows NT 4.0 ..................................................................................6-4
UNIX .........................................................................................................................6-5
HiView Tips .............................................................................................................6-5
Windows 95/NT 4.0 ...........................................................................................6-5
HiView Tips ..............................................................................................................6-5
UNIX ..................................................................................................................6-5
Troubleshootin
g
HiView ...........................................................................................6-6
Troubleshootin
g
Network Mana
g
ement software on the HiSpeed switch ................6-6
SNMPC Issues ..................................................................................................6-6
EXAMPLE: 6-7
MeterWare Issues ..............................................................................................6-7
SNMPTalk Issues .............................................................................................6-10
Chapter 7
Bridging Concepts
Basic Brid
g
in
g
Concepts ................................................................................................7-1
How Spannin
g
Tree Works .............................................................................................7-1
Troubleshootin
g
Brid
g
in
g
Issues ...................................................................................7-3
CLI Commands ...............................................................................................................7-5
Chapter 8
VLAN Concepts
Troubleshootin
g
VLANs ..................................................................................................8-3
VLAN Tips ................................................................................................................8-4
Chapter 9
Troubleshooting at the MAC Layer
Ethernet ..........................................................................................................................9-1
Ph
y
sical Media Specifications ..................................................................................9-2
Common Ethernet Errors .........................................................................................9-2
Ethernet Tips ............................................................................................................9-3
Troubleshootin
g
Ethernet ...............................................................................................9-4
CLI Commands ...............................................................................................................9-5

vi US7070447-001
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Chapter 10
Troubleshooting at the Network Layer
IP (Internet Protocol) ....................................................................................................10-1
Other IP-related Services ......................................................................................10-2
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) ........................................................................10-2
Route Cache Forwarding vs. IP Forwarding ..........................................................10-3
Static Routes vs. Dynamic Routes .........................................................................10-3
Default Route .........................................................................................................10-3
Common ICMP Destination Unreachable Messages .............................................10-4
Network Unreachable ......................................................................................10-4
Host Unreachable ............................................................................................10-4
Port Unreachable .............................................................................................10-4
Troubleshooting IP .......................................................................................................10-5
CLI Commands .....................................................................................................10-6
Chapter 11
Basic ATM Concepts
Permanent Virtual Circuits vs.
Switched Virtual Circuits ...............................................................................................11-2
LAN Emulation (LANE) ..........................................................................................11-2
LAN Emulation Client (LEC) ............................................................................11-3
LAN Emulation Configuration Server ...............................................................11-3
LAN Emulation Server (LES) ...........................................................................11-3
Broadcast and Unknown Server (BUS) ...........................................................11-3
Classical IP over ATM (CIP) ...................................................................................11-4
Point-to-Point Bridging (PTOP) ..............................................................................11-4
Trunking .................................................................................................................11-5
Hitachi HiSpeed ATM Specifications ............................................................................11-6
ATM Troubleshooting Tips ............................................................................................11-6
Troubleshooting LANE ...........................................................................................11-7
Troubleshooting CIP ..............................................................................................11-8
Troubleshooting PTOP .........................................................................................11-10
Troubleshooting Trunking .....................................................................................11-12
CLI Commands ...........................................................................................................11-14

US7070447-001 vii
Rev 01
Chapter 12
FDDI Concepts
HiSpeed FDDI Uplink ...................................................................................................12-2
Cable Connections .................................................................................................12-3
Observin
g
LEDs ...........................................................................................................12-4
FDDI Brid
g
e Modes ......................................................................................................12-4
Filterin
g
Mode ........................................................................................................12-5
Forwardin
g
Mode ...................................................................................................12-5
Promiscuous Mode ................................................................................................12-5
FDDI Troubleshootin
g
Tips ...........................................................................................12-5
Troubleshootin
g
FDDI: ...........................................................................................12-6
CLI Commands .............................................................................................................12-9
Index

viii US7070447-001
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US7070447-001 vii
Rev 01
List of Figures
Fi
g
ure 2-1. Model HS140-010 base model with an HS-150-010-16E
expansion module installed ......................................................................2-4
Fi
g
ure 2-2. HS150-100-16 base model with an HS150-100-8E expansion
module installed .......................................................................................2-5
Fi
g
ure 3-1. Module LEDs ...........................................................................................3-2
Fi
g
ure 5-1. Network Media .........................................................................................5-2
Fi
g
ure 6-1. MIB Compiler ...........................................................................................6-8
Fi
g
ure 6-2. Fi
g
2. MIB Browser ...................................................................................6-9
Fi
g
ure 7-1. Usin
g
Spannin
g
Tree ...............................................................................7-2
Fi
g
ure 8-1. VLANs ......................................................................................................8-2
Fi
g
ure 11-1. VPI/VCI ..................................................................................................11-1
Fi
g
ure 11-2. ATM LANE .............................................................................................11-2
Fi
g
ure 11-3. ATM CIP .................................................................................................11-4
Fi
g
ure 11-4. ATM PTOP .............................................................................................11-5
Fi
g
ure 11-5. ATM Trunk ..............................................................................................11-5
Fi
g
ure 12-1. HS150 on an FDDI network ...................................................................12-1
Fi
g
ure 12-2. FDDI Uplink Module installed in an HS150 ............................................12-2
Fi
g
ure 12-3. SAS cable connections ..........................................................................12-3
Fi
g
ure 12-4. DAS cable connections ..........................................................................12-3

viii US7070447-001
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US7070447-001 ix
Rev 01
List of Tables
Table 2-1. Base model confi
g
urations .......................................................................2-3
Table 2-2. HiSpeed switch expansion modules ........................................................2-5
Table 2-3. Uplink modules for the HS15-010 and HS150-100 ..................................2-6
Table 3-1. LED status ...............................................................................................3-2
Table 3-2. RJ-45 LEDs ..............................................................................................3-4
Table 3-3. LEDs on FX ports .....................................................................................3-4
Table 4-1. RJ-45 Connector pin assi
g
nments ...........................................................4-2
Table 4-2. Console Port Pin Assi
g
nments ................................................................4-4
Table 8-1. VLAN Entries ...........................................................................................8-4
Table 8-2. Useful CLI Commands .............................................................................8-4
Table 10-1. IP address classes .................................................................................10-1
Table 12-1. LED States .............................................................................................12-4

xUS7070447-001
Rev 01

US7070447-001, Rev 01 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
Purpose of the Guide
The purpose of this troubleshooting guide is to assist users in understanding,
identifying and diagnosing network related problems in a switched network
environment. Additionally, the guide allows users to gain a better understanding
of the Hitachi’s HiSpeed switch functionality, features, and performance.
Basic Troubleshooting Tips
To isolate a network-related problem, one approach is to first eliminate all known
possibilities. This methodology is referred to as ‘divide and conquer.’ By using
this technique, the problemis divided into smaller components, making it easier to
isolate and identify the problem. To avoid overlooking the obvious when focusing
on a specific problem, ask yourself the following questions:
❒Has this functionality ever worked before? When did this problem start
happening?
❒What recent changes have been made to the network? Software upgrade?
Devices added to the network?
❒Are you running the latest version of software?
❒Do you have the latest version of Release Notes?
Note: This guide is not intended to replace any of the HiSpeed User and
Installation Guides. It is designed as a troubleshooting tool only and serves to
compliment existing HiSpeed documentation.

HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide
1-2 US7070447-001, Rev 01
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential
❒Are all users affected? Or a certain group of users on a specific segment?
❒Are all types of traffic affected? In other words, what protocols are failing?
❒Is the problem consistent or intermittent?
❒Can the users ping themselves? If so, can they ping the gateway and beyond?
❒Have you tried resetting the switch?
How to Contact Tech Support
For technical support, contact Hitachi’s Internetworking Solution Center:
Hours: Monday - Friday, 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Phone: [phone] or 408 -588-3119
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
WWW: http://www.internetworking.hitachi.com/solution.center
To expedite the troubleshooting process, please have the following information
available when contacting Hitachi Technical Support.
❒Model and serial number of the switch
❒Version of firmware, boot prom
❒File size of firmware
❒Operational status of the following LEDs:
•System
•Power
•Link
• Diagnostics & Activity
❒Error messages being reported to the console
❒network diagram
❒Sniffer trace on the affected segment (if required)
❒dispcfg.dat

Introduction
US7070447-001, Rev 01 1-3
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential
Abatch program called dispcfg is available on Hitachi’s anonymous FTP server
(204.48.18.63). When used in combination with HiSpeed’s debugging
commands, relevant configuration on the switch is captured and the results are
written to the file dispcfg.dat. Refer to dispcfg.doc for instructions on how to run
the batch program. Forward the results to Hitachi’s Technical Support Team via
the WEB or email.
If using a browser, type in the following URLs to download the files:
ftp://ftp.hicam.hitachi.com/outgoing/dispcfg
ftp://ftp.hicam.hitachi.com/dispcfg.doc
Please email any suggestions/comments on the Troubleshooting Guide to:
[email protected]

HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide
1-4 US7070447-001, Rev 01
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US7070447-001, Rev 01 2-1
Chapter 2
HiSpeed Switch
What is the HiSpeed Switch?
The HiSpeed switch is a multiprotocol, Fast Ethernet workgroup switch than can
be configured for up to 32 10/100 Mbps LAN switch ports, depending on the
model. The HiSpeed switch maximizes performance in existing shared media
LANs by allowing up to 32 separate collision domains on a per port basis. By
segmenting the network in this fashion, the amount of collisions are reduced and
the available network bandwidth is optimized.
The HiSpeed switch offers the scalability and flexibility to accept a range of high
speed interfaces for connecting to FDDI, ATM and WAN backbones.
Basic Product Features Supported
The HiSpeed switch includes the following hardware and software product
features:
❒Virtual LAN (VLAN) support for 10BASE-T Ethernet and 100BASE-T Fast
Ethernet VLANs, including VLANs over ATM virtual connections
❒Loop detection using Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1d)
❒Virtual Routing to provide switching between VLANs
❒Front panel LEDs that provide operating status
❒Reset button for front panel control of switch
❒RS-232C console port interface for local access to the switch
❒Rack mount or table mount capabilities

HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide
2-2 US7070447-001, Rev 01
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❒Supports multiple hardware configurations and provides support for the
following port configurations:
— 10BASE-TX ports
— 10/100BASE-TX ports
— 100BASE-FX ports
— PCI-based ATM Uplink to server
— PCI-based FDDI Uplink to server
❒Supports field-upgradeable expansion modules for maximum customization
❒Supports Autonegotiation on all 10/100 Mbps ports
❒Supports full- or half-duplex on all 10/100BASE-TX ports
❒Provides port mirroring to allow monitoring of the activities of one port from
another port
❒Provides flow control to autosense buffer limits on the transmit port
❒Supports Group 1, 2, 3, and 9 RMON
❒Supports Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent for
Management Information Bases (MIB) II and a private enterprise MIB
❒Provides a service port for console connection to locally or remotely
configure and manage the switch
Available Configurations
The HiSpeed switch is available from the factory fully or partially populated. The
expansion slot on the switch provides for field customization to meet the changing
needs of the network.
The HiSpeed switch is available in two base model configurations:
❒HS140/150-010
❒HS140/150-100

HiSpeed Switch
US7070447-001, Rev 01 2-3
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential
Each of the HS150 and HS140 models has one expansion slot which can be
populated with an expansion module that doubles the number and/or type of
available ports. The expansion modules can be installed in the field or at the
factory prior to shipment. The HS150 switch models also have a PCI bus for the
addition of an uplink module. The uplink module provides a dedicated connection
to a server or network backbone. Table 2-1 lists the model numbers and the
upgrade path for each.
Note: The
 -010 and  -100 models are not capable of accepting
the uplink options.
Table 2-1. Base model configurations
Model 10 Mbps
TX Ports
10/100
Mbps
TX Ports
100
Mbps
FX Ports
Total
Ports Uplink Upgrades To
HS 150-010-16 12 4 0 16 Yes To 32 ports with HS150-010-16-E
HS 150-010-32 24 8 0 32 Yes Max port configuration
HS140-010-16-2FX 12 2 2 16 No Max configuration.
HS140-010-32-2FX 24 6 2 32 No Max port configuration
HS 150-100-8 0 8 0 8 Yes To 16 ports with HS150-100-8-E
or HS150-100-8-FXE
HS 150-100-16 0 16 0 16 Yes Max port configuration
HS 140-100-16 0 16 0 16 No Max port configuration
HS 140-100-8-FX 0 8 8 No To 16 ports with HS150-100-8-E
or HS150-100-8-FXE
HS 140-100-16-FX 0 16 16 No Max port configuration
HS140-100-16-8FX 0 8 8 16 No Max port configuration
Note:
 -010 switch units accept  -010 expansion modules and
 -100 switch units accept  -100 expansion modules.

HiSpeed Switch Troubleshooting Guide
2-4 US7070447-001, Rev 01
Draft Level—Hitachi Confidential
HS140/150-010 Model
The -010 models ship with a sixteen port module configured in the captive slot.
This module can consist of 10BASE-TX, 10/100BASE-TX or 100BASE-FX type
ports and can be configured with either all one type of port or a combination of
three types of ports. The expansion slot is capable of accepting an additional 16
ports for a total of 32 ports per switch.
Figure 2-1 shows an HS140-010 switch model with the expansion slot populated
by an HS-150-010-16E (12 10BASE-T ports and four 10/100BASE-TX ports)
expansion module and no uplink capability.
Key:➀Console port
➁Reset button/Power LED
➂Onboard module
➃Expansion module
Figure 2-1. Model HS140-010 base model with an
HS-150-010-16Eexpansion module installed
HS140/150-100 Model
The -100 models ship with an eight port module configured in the captive slot.
This module can consist of either eight ports of 10/100BASE-TX or eight ports of
100BASE-FX type ports. The expansion slot is capable of accepting an additional
8 ports for a total of 16 ports per switch.
Figure 2-2 shows an HS150-100 model with an 8-port TX expansion module (no
uplink module installed).
10 BASE-T 10/100 BASE-T
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Console HiSpeed NETWORK SWITCH
10 BASE-T
24 10/100 BASE-T
5
13 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
100FX 100FX
➁➂
➃
➀