HP Kayak XA-s Series 02 Installation instructions

1
MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip

2
MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife is a hardware monitoring chip which is resident on the system
board. Its responsibility includes On/Off and reset control, status panel
management (Lock button, LEDs), hardware monitoring (temperature and
voltage), early diagnostics (CPU, DIMMs, PLLs, boot start), run-time
diagnostics (CPU errors, package intrusions), and other miscellaneous
functions (such as special OK/FAIL symbols based on a smiling face).
The integrated microprocessor includes a Synopsys cell based on Dallas
“8052” equivalent, a 2 KB boot ROM, 256 bytes of data RAM, an I2C cell, an
Analog-to-Digital (ADC) with 5 entries, and an additional glue logic for
interrupt control, fan regulation, and a status panel control.
MaxiLife downloads its code in 96 milliseconds from an I2C serial EEPROM.
The total firmware (MaxiLife 8051-code, running in RAM) size is 5 KB. As it
exceeds the 2 KB program RAM space, a paging mechanism will swap code
as it is required, based on a 512 byte buffer. The first 2 KB pages of firmware
code is critical because it controls the initial power on/reset to boot the
system. This initial page is checked with a null-checksum test and the
presence of MaxiLife markers (located just below the 2 KB limit).
If the boot block has been corrupted, the Firmware can start from its ‘crisis’
block. To do this, set the System board switch 10 to the Closed position.
MaxiLife is partially replacing HP ASIC (Little Ben), and provides the neces-
sary hardware monitoring control. However, MaxiLife is not accessible in I/O
space or memory space of the system platform, but only through the SMBUS
(which is a sub-set of the I2C bus), via the PCI/ISA chipset (PIIX4E South
Bridge). Its I2C cell may operate either in Slave or Master mode, switched by
firmware, or automatically in case of ‘Arbitration’ loss.
As a monitoring chip, MaxiLife reports critical errors at start-up, and as such
is powered by Vstandby (3.3V) power. For MaxiLife to work correctly, the
PC Workstation must always be connected to a grounded outlet. This
enables the PC Workstation’s hardware monitoring chip to be active, even if
the system has been powered off.

3
MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Architecture
The MaxiLife chip continuously monitors temperature and voltage sensors
located in critical regions on the system board. This chip receives data about
the various system components via a dedicated I2C bus, which is a reliable
communications bus to control the integrated circuit boards.
Intel
440BX
AGPset
Temperature
sensors
Voltage
sensors
Architecture
Serial
EEPROM
(system
configuration
and error log) System
Fans
Speed up/slow down
H/WSensor
I2C bus
LCD StatusPanel
PLLs
(clocks)
DIMM
DIMM
DIMM
DIMM
Pentium II
Processor
Package
intrusion
sensor
HP MaxiLife
Serial EEPROM
LLCCDD SSttaattuuss PPaanneell

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
The LCD Menu
To access the LCD main menu, press one of the LCD keys. This menu is
composed of several menu items which are displayed two at a time on the
LCD screen. The following menus are available:
•System Info. Obtains information from the BIOS and the system’s Serial
EEPROM from a previously successful boot. This information includes:
product name, BIOS version, serial number, the number of processors and
speed, size of memory for each DIMM socket.
The BIOS logs information in the serial EEPROM with SYSINFO.COM at
the end of the boot.
•Boot Steps. Shows the Power-On Self Test (POST) codes during the
system startup. The POST code is provided by the BIOS and is displayed
on the LCD panel as soon as it is available. If the system stops during the
startup, the last successful boot step POST code is displayed on the LCD.
•Diagnostics. Runs a set of diagnostics assessing the system’s components
(CPU presence, CPU power errors, power supply, clocks, and DIMM
presence). To view the test results for each system component, press
button. If no errors are detected, a screen will display a smiling face. If an
error is detected, an error screen appears indicating the problem.
Using MaxiLife When the Computer Is Powered Off
NOTE For MaxiLife to work correctly, the PC Workstation must always be
connected to a grounded outlet.
Even if the computer is powered off (the LCD status panel will be blank),
MaxiLife is still running and monitoring the state of the LCD buttons. From
this state, the diagnostics program can be run by pressing one of these
buttons. When the Power on option is selected, the main power supply is
started, enabling the hardware monitoring chip to access the status of the
computer’s components. Although the main power supply has been started,
the computer does not continue to complete a normal boot.
The system components are tested in sequence (press the Next button to
move on to the following test). When the diagnostics tests are complete, one
of the following screens will be displayed:

5
MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
If no errors are detected, you can exit the test session, and the main power
supply will be turned off and the LCD status panel will become blank.
If an error is detected, a short message is displayed on the LCD status panel
describing the type of error (memory, processor) that occurred. For
example, the message DIMM FOUND: 0 would be displayed if no memory
modules could be located. You can then choose whether to continue viewing
the results of the remaining tests.
NOTE If the Diags program is run when the system is off, it returns to the Off state
when exiting the test session. On/Off transitions are accompanied with a
‘Please wait’ screen to allow MaxiLife to power on and off correctly.
Diagnostics:
Done OK
Exit
Diagnostics:
Done FAIL
Exit

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
When the PC is turned on (pressing the ON/OFF button), the system
initiates the normal startup sequence which is composed of the following
steps:
• Basic pre-boot diagnostics.
• BIOS launch.
• POST phase.
• Operating System boot phase.
If any errors are detected during the startup sequence, MaxiLife does not
purposely ‘freeze’ the system. However, some critical hardware errors are
fatal to the system and will prevent the system from starting (for example,
‘Power’, and ‘Board PLL’ are serious malfunctions that will prevent the CPU
from working correctly).
Errors that are not so critical (for example, ‘CPU Socket’ for missing
terminator, or ‘No RAM’) are also detected by the POST and will abort its
own boot process after beeping. The ‘RAM type’ error is only detected by
POST with the same abort process.
Finally, while the PC is working, fan and temperature checks can be
reported (for example, a fan error when a cable is not connected). This type
of error disappears dynamically when the problem has been fixed (for
example, the fan cable has been reconnected).
The different diagnostics are described below.
Basic Pre-boot Diagnostics
The first diagnostic (called basic pre-boot diagnostics) is run to check the
presence of the processor(s) or terminators, VRMs, power supply, CPU
Board PLL and DIMMs.
The pre-boot diagnostic tests are run in order of priority with respect to
their importance to computer functions. Refer to the table Basic Pre-boot
Diagnostics, on page 8 for test sequences, failure messages and action to
take to solve any problems.
The first detected error displays a message on the LCD status panel. If this
happens, one of the following screens could appear.

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
The following diagram shows how the Pre-boot Diagnostics works when it
encounters an error.
Error!
Power supply
Error!
CPU Socket
Error!
Power CPU 1
Error!
Board PLL
Missing or
incorrectly
installed CPU or
Terminator.
Presence of CPUs or
Terminators in the Processor Slots Control of Some Voltages: VRMs, 12V
Error!
Power CPU 2
VRM or CPU power supply are not connected.
If an Error ! Power is displayed, the likely cause could be that
the power supply is not connected, or the VRM is installed with
an unpopulated CPU socket (unsupported configuration).
CPU Board is not connected, or the
system board needs replacing.
Control of the CPU Board
Error!
RAM type
No Dimms are
detected.
Number and Compatibility of
DIMMs
Installed DIMMs are not
compatible. This is in
fact the BIOS that is
checking the inserted
DIMMs.
Error!
No RAM
Video board is not installed.
This test is executed by the BIOS.
Video Board
Error!
No Video
Error!
CPU Socket
MaxiLife Firmware
LCD Status Panel
I2C Bus
DIMM 2
Voltage CPU1, CPU2
Voltage 12V
CPU or Terminator
PLL Frequence
Vcc State (5V)
PGOOD (VRM output)
An error has been detected when checking the
CPU and Terminator. The displayed error mes-
sage could indicate a missing CPU or Terminator.
DIMM 1

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
The following table shows the test sequence carried out, the type of error
message, and the action to take.
Table 1 Basic Pre-boot Diagnostics
Test Error Code Action to Take
Presence of either CPU or Terminator in the
processor slot.
CPU SOCKET • Check CPUs and Terminator and VRM of installed processor.
Control of some voltages: VRMs, 12V POWER SUPPLY • Check the power supply connectors, VRM, CPU. In a single
processor system, check that the VRM is not plugged into the
terminator socket.
The error message could also show: Power CPU1 and Power
CPU2.
Test of the correct power signals to the CPU.
The power supply may be OK, whereas the VRM
is not.
POWER • Check that the VRM, processor and terminator are correctly
installed.
• Check that the VRM is not plugged on a socket with a
terminator (this could be the likely cause).
• Check or replace the VRM.
• Check the power supply unit connectors.
Check the system board clock generators (PLL). BOARD PLL • Check the power supply connector.
• Replace the system board (PLL clock generator).
Number of installed DIMMs NO RAM • Check that the memory module is correctly installed in the
memory socket.
Compatibility of DIMMs. The BIOS checks that
the inserted DIMMs are both compatible with
one another, and compatible with the Front Side
Bus frequency.
RAM TYPE • Check the installed memory modules. This error occurs when
mixing incompatible memory modules, for example, when
installing a 66 MHz DIMM on a 350 MHz or higher system, or
when mixing Unbuffered and Registered memory modules.
Availability of video controller. It is checked by
the BIOS. If an error is detected, it is not a fatal
one and the BIOS will continue its execution
normally.
NO VIDEO • Check that the video controller is correctly installed.
Note: No error is detected if a monitor is not connected to an
installed video controller. This is not a fatal error and the BIOS will
continue its normal execution.

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
Post Test Sequence and Post Error Codes
In order to check that the CPU is able to run the BIOS boot code (POST
phase) from the first CPU instructions through to DIMM detection, MaxiLife
firmware waits for a synchronization event from the BIOS. Any failure that
prevents the execution of the firmware will therefore trigger the BIOS error
and will display the following message on the LCD status panel.
Then, the BIOS executes the Power-On Self Test (POST) sequence. In this
phase, MaxiLife waits for any error messages that the BIOS may issue. If
such an error occurs, then a screen similar to the following example is
displayed. The error code that appears on the LCD status panel is the same
as the one that appears on the PC screen. If the POST issues several error
codes, only the last one is visible on the LCD status panel.
The following diagrams show the different BIOS-generated errors.
Error!
BIOS
Error!
POST XXXX Where XXXX = POST
error code
BIOS
LCD Status Panel
DIMM 1
There is a timeout of 3 sec-
onds before the message is
displayed on the LCD status
panel and video display.
“read DIMM 1” MaxiLife
“Spy DIMM 1”
“BIOS” ERROR
Error!
BIOS

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
Operating System Boot Phase
If no error message has been displayed at this stage of the system startup by
the BIOS, the operating system is launched and the LCD status panel will
display the system platform (for example, HP KAYAK XA-s), and a “smiling
icon.”
Run-Time Errors
During the normal usage of the PC, MaxiLife continualy checks some of the
vital system parameters. These include: temperature errors, fan
malfunctions, power voltage drops, board PLL problems and CPU problems.
If several alarms or errors are active at the same time, they will be displayed
by cycling every second through four “alarm sources”, with one error cause
for each source:
Error!
No Video
“BIOS”-Generated Errors
DIMM 1
DIMM 2
Video
Slots
BIOS
System issues a Beep Code
before attempting to
display the error code.
“No Video”
“RAM type” MaxiLife
LCD Status Panel
Table 2 BIOS Launch and POST Phase
Test Error Code Action to Take
In order to detect whether the CPU is able to run
a given code, HP MaxiLife waits for a
synchronization event from the BIOS. Any failure
that prevents the execution of the firmware will
trigger an error.
BIOS • Flash the latest version of the system BIOS by using the system
recovery procedure. Set switch 10 to the down position.
• Check that the RAM is correctly installed.
• Check that the CPU is firmly inserted.
The BIOS then executes the Power On Self Test
(POST) sequence. In this phase, HP MaxiLife
waits for any error messages that the BIOS may
issue.
POST XXXX • If the screen is working, you can obtain the meaning of the
error by typing “Enter” at the end of the POST. Or, you can
check the list of errors available on the HP World-Wide Web
support page: http://www.hp.com/go/kayaksupport

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
• Pre-boot diagnostics.
• Run-Time error 1.
• Run-Time error 2.
• POST error.
The run-time errors are organized into two different sources.
Run-Time error 1: “Temperature I/O slot”, “Power errors”, “Fan CPU”,
“Board PLL”.
Run-Time error 2: “Temperature disk”, “Temperature CPU”, “Fan disk”,
“Fan I/O slot”, “CPU error”.
If both fan for disks and I/O slot are not connected (both are run-time
error 1), only the “Fan disk” (run-time error 2) will be displayed.
Main Menu
The main menu is displayed when any of the LCD buttons from are presed
(MaxiLife LCD status panel can be accessed even though the PC is turned
off). The Main Menu comprises of three sub-menus: System Info, Boot Steps
and Diagnostics.
System Info Obtains information from the BIOS and the system’s Serial EEPROM from a
previously successful boot. This information includes: product name (HP
Kayak XA-s), BIOS version, serial number, number of processors and speed,
size of memory for each DIMM socket.
The following diagram shows how the System Info obtains its information.
Table 3 Run-Time Errors
Test Error Code Action to Take
During normal usage of the PC, HP MaxiLife
continually checks vital system parameters. If an
error should occur, a message would be
automatically displayed on the LCD panel.
TEMP IO SLOT • Check the connection of the corresponding component, which
could be: “Temp IO slot”, “Power errors, “Fan CPU”, “Board
PLL”, “Temp disk”, “Temp CPU”, “Fan disk”, “Fan IO slot”, “CPU
error”.1
1. Special cases: Board PLL = System board needs replacing. CPU error = Reset or power off the system to recover.

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
Boot Steps Shows the Power-On Self-Test (POST) codes during the system startup. The
POST code is provided by the BIOS and is displayed on the LCD panel as soon
as it is available. If the system stops during the startup, the last successful
boot step POST code is displayed on the LCD. When Boot Steps is selected,
the POST step will be shown on the LCD status panel during the subsequent
boot processes.
To ensure that MaxiLife is ready to display the first POST codes as soon as
possible, the Pre-boot diagnostics are not executed when the system is
booted with the Boot Steps option selected.
The following diagram shows how Boot Steps obtains its information from
the BIOS, and then displays a POST error if needed.
Diagnostics Runs a set of diagnostics assessing the system’s components. Results of the
tests are displayed on the LCD status panel, one after another when the LCD
buttons are pressed.
For MaxiLife to access the status of some of the components, the power
supply has to be in the ON state. If the system is turned off when Diags is
launched, a menu will be displayed, requesting an authorization to power on
the PC. It is possible to cancel the diagnostic process and return to the
previous state by pressing the LCD key labelled “Back”. When “GO” is
System Info
strings in EEPROM
HP KAYAK XA-s
LCD Status Panel
BIOS
Write
MaxiLife
DMI Table
Error!
POST XXXX
System info
Boot steps
Next Go
BIOS
“Write
POST
Code”
MaxiLife
HP KAYAK XU
POST Code 24
“Write
POST
ERROR”
This is a toggle item,
which is indicated
with a check mark.

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
selected, the main power supply is started but the PC is not allowed to do a
normal boot. The purpose of this is to allow only these devices that can be
tested to answer the diagnostic request from MaxiLife.
Components are tested in sequence when the “Next” button is pressed.
When they have all been checked, a diagnostic screen is shown. Depending
on the result of the diagnostics, the screen could indicate either:
OK or FAIL.
At the end of the test, you can exit the diagnostic mode by pressing the
LCD button. If the power supply was off when the diagnostics was started, it
will be turned off again.
The following diagram shows how the “Power On” is activated when the
main power supply of the PC is turned off.
COMPONENT
Next
Diagnostics:
Done FAIL
Exit
Diagnostics:
Done OK
Exit
Diags
Exit
Next Go
System info
Boot steps
Next Go
Next
Enter
Power on?
Back Go ON Request for
for Super I/O
NS317 chip
Enter
Please Wait
Please Wait
OFF Request for
Super I/O NS317
chip Test failureTest OK
Final diagnostic screen
could be either:

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
Typical Diag Error
Messages
Processor VRM
HP KAYAK XA-s
When the Processor and VRM are
correctly installed, the “smiling icon” is
shown on the LCD status panel.
Processor
VRM
If the Processor has only been partly
inserted in the processor slot (opposite
side to the VRM), then the displayed
message will indicate a CPU socket
error.
Error!
Power CPU 1
Error!
Power supply
Error!
CPU Socket
Processor
VRM
If the Processor has only been partly
inserted in the processor slot (closest
side to the VRM), then the
displayed message will indicate a
Power CPU 1 error.
Processor
VRM
The Processor has not been inserted
correctly in the processor slot. The
displayed message will indicate a BIOS
error.
Processor
The Processor has been correctly
installed in the processor slot. How-
ever, the VRM is not installed. The
displayed message will indicate a
Power CPU 1 error.
Error!
Power CPU 1
Error!
BIOS
There is no installed Processor.
However, the VRM is correctly
installed. The displayed message will
indicate a Power error.
VRM
If one of the following fatal malfunctions occur, the displayed message will
indicate a BIOS error:
The BIOS no longer works.
There is no Flash.
Error!
BIOS

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages
The components tested are described in the following table:
For More Information
About MaxiLife
Refer to the User’s Guide delivered with the computer for more information
about this diagnostics utility, or the HP Kayak XA-s, XU (Series 0301) and
XW (Series U3 and W3) Familiarization Guide.
Table 4 Main Menu Diagnostics
Test Error Code Action to Take
Presence of either CPU or Terminator in the
processor slot.
CPU SOCKET • Check CPUs and Terminator and VRM of installed processor.
Control of some voltages: VRMs, 12V POWER SUPPLY • Check the power supply connectors, VRM, CPU.
The error message could also show: Power CPU1 and Power
CPU2.
Test of the correct power signals to the CPU.
The power supply may be OK, whereas the VRM
is not.
POWER • Check that the VRM, processor and terminator are correctly
installed.
• Check that the VRM is not plugged in a socket with a
terminator (this could be the likely cause).
• Check or replace the VRM.
• Check the power supply unit connectors.
Check frequency of the system board (PLL). BOARD PLL • Check the power supply connector.
• Replace the system board (PLL clock generator).
Number of installed DIMMs NO RAM • Check that the memory module is correctly installed in the
memory socket.
Compatibility of DIMMs. The BIOS checks that
the inserted DIMMs are both compatible with
one another, and compatible with the Front Side
Bus frequency.
RAM TYPE • Check the installed memory modules. This error occurs when
mixing incompatible memory modules, for example, when
installing a 66 MHz DIMM on a 350 MHz or higher system, or
when mixing Unbuffered and Registered memory modules.

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MaxiLife Hardware Monitoring Chip
MaxiLife Test Sequence and Error Messages