HP Surestore 64 - Director Switch User manual
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hp surestore director fc-64
SNMP Support Manual
Edition E0102
Order No. A6534-90908
Printed in U.S.A.
ii
Notice
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CONTENTS
Contents
1 Introduction to SNMP
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2 Director SNMP support
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Contents
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Introduction to SNMP
1
1 INTRODUCTION TO SNMP
Overview
How SNMP Works
Variables In a Managed Device
MIBs and Traps
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Overview
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Any protocol for managing networks must allow virtually all network devices and
systems to communicate statistics and status information to network management
stations, (network managers). This communication must be independent of the primary
network transmission medium and impose little effect on the efficiency of the network.
Network managers must be able to obtain status information from managed devices, and
make changes in the way the managed devices handle network traffic. Network managers
must be able to do this without knowing anything about the managed device itself, SNMP
management is one way of meeting these requirements.
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Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a mechanism for network management
that is complete, but simple. It is designed on the manager/agent paradigm, with the
agent being resident in the managed device. Information is exchanged between agents
(devices on the network being managed) and managers (devices on the network through
which management is done).
There are many possible transactions between agents and managers. These transactions
vary widely with the different types of devices that can be managed. With so many varied
requirements for reporting and management, the list of commands a manager must be
able to issue is overwhelming, and every new manageable device can increase the list.
SNMP was created to allow all these things to be easily done on any growing network.
SNMP operates on a simple fetch/store concept. With SNMP the available transactions
between manager and agent are limited to a handful. The manager can request
information from the agent or modify variables on the agent. The agent can respond to a
request by sending information, or if enabled to do so, voluntarily notify the manager of a
change of status on the agent (issue a trap).
With SNMP, administrators can manage the director configuration, faults, performance,
accounting, and security from remote SNMP management stations.
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Introduction to SNMP
How SNMP Works
SNMP is the only protocol that is widely available from many vendors of TCP/IP
networks and internetworks.
SNMP:
Allows management with a simple set of commands.
Allows new devices added to a network to be easily managed with minimal
intervention.
Is adequate for many basic network management needs.
Is generalized for application to networks other than TCP/IP, such as IPX and OSI.
Provides a great deal of versatility for managing a great many types of devices.
Allows all networks to employ the same method for management.
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A manager requests information from an agent by sending a single command, the Get
command. The Get command also has a variation (GetNextRequest) that permits more
efficient operation:
GetRequest – Requests the value of a specified variable on the agent. This command is
used to retrieve management data.
GetNextRequest – Requests the value of the next variable after the one specified in the
previous Get command.This command is used to retrieve lists and tables of
management data.
An agent responds to a request by sending a single command, the GetResponse
command. This command contains the requested information.
A manager changes information (variables) in the agent by sending a single command,
the SetRequest command. this command is used to manipulate management data.
A trap is used by an agent to report extraordinary events. Refer to Traps and Their
Purpose on page 7.
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GetResponsePD
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GetRequest PDU
Get Values
NMS Switch
GetResponsePD
U
SetRequest PDU
Set Values
GetResponse PDU
GetNextRequest PDU
Get Next Values
NMS Switch
Trap PDU
Send Trap
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Introduction to SNMP
Variables In a Managed Device
Variables are the means by which a director and other devices keep track of their
performance, control their own performance, and provide access to their performance for
network managers. A simple example of a variable’s use is to turn off a port (set the
variable to 2), or turn the port back on (set the variable to 1). Some variables just hold
values that indicate status (for example error counts). SNMP allows the network
managers to have access to some of the same variables for network management.
For purposes of the following explanation, an object is a data variable that represents
some resource or other aspect of a managed device.
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An agent is the entity that interfaces to the actual object being managed (Figure 2 on
page -6). The agent understands the language of SNMP and translates between the
manager and the object. Objects must be retrieved and/or modified by the manager, and
it is the agent’s job to identify and make available the correct object. Within the agent is at
least one, maybe several, collections of definitions called Management Information Bases
(MIBs). Standard MIBs, available with SNMP, provide standard definitions for the
variables within the managed object that are used for network monitoring and
management. When a managed object supports a standard MIB, it agrees to provide and
make available the applicable variables listed in the standard MIB.
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Variable a
Variable b
Variable c
Variable d
Variable e
Variable f
Variable g
-
-
-
Agent
(Use MIB to
identify variable)
Managed
Device
Read status information
with GetRequest command
or
Set a variable to a value
with SetRequest command
NMS
MIB Actual
Variable (object)
(x)y
(x)y
(x)y
(x)y
(x)y
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Introduction to SNMP
MIBs and Traps
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Standard MIBs are those available with SNMP and designed for standard operation with
a wide variety of managed devices. Chapter 2 describes the standard MIBs used by the HP
Surestore Director FC-64.
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Private enterprise MIBs are those provided by the manufacturer of the managed devices
to allow management of device-specific items not supported by the standard MIBs.
Chapter 2 describes the private enterprise MIBs in detail.
The private enterprise MIB supported by the HP Surestore Director FC-64 is:
ef6000 MIB
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Traps are unsolicited status reports, or status change indicators a managed object sends to
a network manager. To send traps, a managed object’s agent must be designated as active.
Passive agents wait for a request from the manager before sending information. The
destination address for traps is a configuration item for each managed agent.
Two types of traps can be sent.
1. An information trap that sends the information describing a change of status to the
manager. This trap contains trap identification integers and time values.
2. A single event trap that sends a simple notification of an important event, and relies
on the manager to request the relevant information before sending it. This trap
contains trap identification integers and time values, as well as object identifiers and
values.
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SNMP encourages use of the second type of trap to reduce the load on a network. Both
types of trap provide the information to the manager, but the second type allows the
manager to wait until higher priority tasks are accomplished and poll for additional
information in its own time.
Director SNMP support
9
2 DIRECTOR SNMP SUPPORT
SNMP Management
SNMP Support
SNMPv1 Transports
MIB-II Support
Fibre Channel Management MIB
Fibre Channel Fabric Element MIB Support
EF-6000 Private Enterprise MIB (ef-6000)
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SNMP Management
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SNMP is a transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) that uses the user
datagram protocol (UDP) or other protocols such as UDP/IP to exchange messages
between an SNMP agent (in a managed device) and a management station residing on a
network. Since SNMP does not rely on the underlying communication protocols, it can be
made available over other protocols.
A MIB is a hierarchical tree of groups and variables. Operators at a network management
station enter a command with supported groups and variables from the MIB. Each group
is a “branch”and each variable is a “leaf”within the MIB tree. The tree begins with the
root. The MIB for the director is under the iso branch (refer to Figure 3). To get to the
director MIB variables, you must go through the org, dod, and internet sub-branches.
61030DQDJHPHQW 11
Director SNMP support
Figure 3 0,%7UHHGLUHFWRU
Note Variables are also known as “objects.”
The director-supported groups under internet are mgmt, experimental, and private (refer to
Figure 4). For mgmt, see MIB-II Support on page 17; for experimental refer to Fibre Channel
Fabric Element MIB Support on page 31; and for private, refer to the EF-6000 Private
Enterprise MIB (ef-6000) on page 41.
root
iso (1)
org (3)
dod (6)
mgmt (2) experimental
(3) private (4)
internet (1)
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Use the following SNMP commands with the MIB variables:
•get
Retrieves the value of variables at the agent.
•set
Sets the value of variables at the agent.
•trap
Notifies the management station of significant events.
Each group and variable in a MIB is assigned a numerical address. You can enter
commands with variables specified as a name or a number. For example:
get {root, iso, org, dod, internet, mgmt, mib-2, system}
or
get {root, 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1}
mgmt (2) experimental
(3) private (4)
internet (1)
MIB-II Fabric Element
MIB
ED-5000
MIB
61036XSSRUW 13
Director SNMP support
SNMP Support
The director-resident SNMP agent and connection:
•Supports SNMPv1 manager.
•Enables access to variables in the standard MIB-II definition, the Fibre Channel Fabric
Element MIB, and director Private Enterprise MIB. All groups and variables in the
supported MIBs are read only by SNMP management stations unless noted otherwise.
•Enables the director to send unsolicited trap messages to the network management
station when specific events occur on the director. The traps supported are:
—Standard generic traps
—Director enterprise-specific traps
Access to the director-resident SNMP agent is through the director Product Manager.
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