HP Procurve Series 4100GL User manual

hp procurve
series 4100gl switches
management and
configuration guide
www.hp.com/go/hpprocurve

HP Procurve Series 4100GL
Switches
Management and Configuration Guide
Software Release G.05.02 or Greater

Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551
Roseville, California 95747-5551
http://www.hp.com/go/hpprocurve
© Copyright 2000-2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
All Rights Reserved.
This document contains information which is protected by
copyright. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without
prior permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the
copyright laws.
Publication Number
5990-3007
May 2002
Edition 2
Applicable Product
HP Procurve Switch 4104GL (J4887A)
HP Procurve Switch 4108GL (J4865A)
Trademark Credits
Microsoft, Windows, Windows 95, and Microsoft Windows
NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Internet Explorer is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation.
Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Corporation.
Cisco® is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc.
Disclaimer
The information contained in this document is subject to
change without notice.
HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not
be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished
by Hewlett-Packard.
Warranty
See the Customer Support/Warranty booklet included with
the product.
A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your
Hewlett-Packard products and replacement parts can be
obtained from your HP Sales and Service Office or
authorized dealer.

iii
Contents
Contents
Getting Started
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Simulating Display Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Getting Documentation From the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii
Need Only a Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
1 Selecting a Management Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Understanding Management Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Advantages of Using the Menu Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Advantages of Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Advantages of Using the HP Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Advantages of Using HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches . . . . . . . . . 1-6
2 Using the Menu Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Starting and Ending a Menu Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
How To Start a Menu Interface Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
How To End a Menu Session and Exit from the Console: . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Main Menu Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

iv
Contents
Screen Structure and Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Rebooting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Menu Features List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Where To Go From Here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
3 Using the Command Line Interface (CLI)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Accessing the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Privilege Levels at Logon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Privilege Level Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Operator Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Manager Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
How To Move Between Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Listing Commands and Command Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Listing Commands Available at Any Privilege Level . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Command Option Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Displaying CLI "Help" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Configuration Commands and the Context Configuration Modes . . 3-13
CLI Control and Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
4 Using the HP Web Browser Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Starting an HP Web Browser Interface Session with the Switch . . 4-4
Using a Standalone Web Browser in a PC or UNIX Workstation . . . . 4-4
Using HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Tasks for Your First HP Web Browser Interface Session . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Viewing the “First Time Install”Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

v
Contents
Creating Usernames and Passwords in the Browser Interface . . . . . . 4-8
Using the Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Using the User Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
If You Lose a Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Online Help for the HP Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Support/Mgmt URLs Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Support URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Help and the Management Server URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Status Reporting Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
The Overview Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
The Port Utilization and Status Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Port Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
The Alert Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Sorting the Alert Log Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Alert Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
Viewing Detail Views of Alert Log Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
The Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Setting Fault Detection Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
5 Switch Memory and Configuration
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Overview of Configuration File Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Using the CLI To Implement Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Using the Menu and Web Browser Interfaces To Implement
Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Using the Menu Interface To Implement Configuration Changes . . . 5-9
Using Save and Cancel in the Menu Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Rebooting from the Menu Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Using the Web Browser Interface To Implement Configuration
Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Using Primary and Secondary Flash Image Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Displaying the Current Flash Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
OS Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Local OS Replacement and Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

vi
Contents
Rebooting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
6 Interface Access, System Information, and Friendly Port
Names
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Interface Access: Console/Serial Link, Web, and
Inbound Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Menu: Modifying the Interface Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
CLI: Modifying the Interface Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Denying Interface Access by Terminating Remote Management
Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Menu: Viewing and Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
CLI: Viewing and Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Web: Configuring System Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Using Friendly (Optional) Port Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Configuring and Operating Rules for Friendly Port Names . . . . . . . . 6-15
Configuring Friendly Port Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Displaying Friendly Port Names with Other Port Data . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
7 Configuring IP Addressing
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Just Want a Quick Start with IP Addressing? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
IP Addressing with Multiple VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
IP Addressing in a Stacking Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Menu: Configuring IP Address, Gateway, and Time-To-Live (TTL) . . 7-5
CLI: Configuring IP Address, Gateway, and Time-To-Live (TTL) . . . . 7-7
Web: Configuring IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

vii
Contents
How IP Addressing Affects Switch Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
DHCP/Bootp Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Network Preparations for Configuring DHCP/Bootp . . . . . . . . . 7-13
IP Preserve: Retaining VLAN-1 IP Addressing Across Configuration
File Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Globally Assigned IP Network Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
8 Time Protocols
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
TimeP Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
SNTP Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Overview: Selecting a Time Synchronization Protocol or
Turning Off Time Protocol Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
General Steps for Running a Time Protocol on the Switch: . . . . . . . . 8-3
Disabling Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
SNTP: Viewing, Selecting, and Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Menu: Viewing and Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
CLI: Viewing and Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Viewing the Current SNTP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Configuring (Enabling or Disabling) the SNTP Mode . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
TimeP: Viewing, Selecting, and Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Menu: Viewing and Configuring TimeP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
CLI: Viewing and Configuring TimeP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Viewing the Current TimeP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Configuring (Enabling or Disabling) the TimeP Mode . . . . . . . . 8-17
SNTP Unicast Time Polling with Multiple SNTP Servers . . . . . . . . 8-20
Address Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Adding and Deleting SNTP Server Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Menu Interface Operation with Multiple SNTP Server
Addresses Configured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
SNTP Messages in the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23

viii
Contents
9 Optimizing Traffic Flow with Port Controls, Port
Trunking, and Port-Based Priority
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Menu: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . 9-5
CLI: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . . 9-6
Web: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . 9-9
Port Trunking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Series 4100GL switches Port Trunk Features and Operation . . . . . . 9-11
Trunk Configuration Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Menu: Viewing and Configuring a Static Trunk Group . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16
CLI: Viewing and Configuring a Static or Dynamic Port
Trunk Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Using the CLI To View Port Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Using the CLI To Configure a Static or Dynamic Trunk Group . 9-21
Web: Viewing Existing Port Trunk Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Trunk Group Operation Using LACP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25
Default Port Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
LACP Notes and Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-28
Trunk Group Operation Using the “Trunk”Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
Trunk Operation Using the “FEC”Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
How the Switch Lists Trunk Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
Outbound Traffic Distribution Across Trunked Links . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
Configuring Port-Based Priority for Incoming Packets . . . . . . . . . 9-33
The Role of 802.1Q VLAN Tagging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
Outbound Port Queues and Packet Priority Settings . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Operating Rules for Port-Based Priority on Series
4100GL Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
Configuring and Viewing Port-Based Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-36
Messages Related to Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
Troubleshooting Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
10 Configuring for Network Management Applications
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Using SNMP Tools To Manage the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

ix
Contents
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
SNMP Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Configuring for SNMP Access to the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
SNMP Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Menu: Viewing and Configuring SNMP Communities . . . . . . . . . 10-4
CLI: Viewing and Configuring Community Names . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
Trap Receivers and Authentication Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Advanced Management: RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
CDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
CDP Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
General CDP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Outgoing Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Incoming CDP Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
Configuring CDP on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Viewing the Switch’s Current CDP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Viewing the Switch’s Current CDP Neighbors Table . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Clearing (Resetting) the CDP Neighbors Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Configuring CDP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Effect of Spanning Tree (STP) On CDP Packet Transmission . . . . 10-24
How the Switch Selects the IP Address To Include in
Outbound CDP Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
CDP Neighbor Data and MIB Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
11 Port-Based Virtual LANs (VLANs) and GVRP
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
Port-Based Virtual LANs (Static VLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
Overview of Using VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
VLAN Support and the Default VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
The Primary VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
Per-Port Static VLAN Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
General Steps for Using VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
Notes on Using VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9

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Menu: Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10
To Change VLAN Support Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10
Adding or Editing VLAN Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12
Adding or Changing a VLAN Port Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13
CLI: Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-15
Web: Viewing and Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-21
VLAN Tagging Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-22
The Secure Management VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-26
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-27
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-28
Operating Notes for Management VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-29
Effect of VLANs on Other Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30
Spanning Tree Operation with VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30
IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30
VLAN MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31
Port Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31
Port Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31
VLAN Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31
GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-33
General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-34
Per-Port Options for Handling GVRP “Unknown VLANs”. . . . . . . . 11-36
Per-Port Options for Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining . . . . 11-38
GVRP and VLAN Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-40
Port-Leave From a Dynamic VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-40
Planning for GVRP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41
Configuring GVRP On a Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41
Menu: Viewing and Configuring GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-42
CLI: Viewing and Configuring GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-43
Web: Viewing and Configuring GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-46
GVRP Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-46
12 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
General Operation and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3
IGMP Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4

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IGMP Operating Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
Basic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6
Web: Enabling or Disabling IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
How IGMP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
Operation With or Without IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-12
Automatic Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
Forced Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-14
Configuration Options for Forced Fast-Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15
Listing the Forced Fast-Leave Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-15
Configuring Per-Port Forced Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-17
Using the Switch as Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
The Switch Excludes Well-Known or Reserved Multicast
Addresses from IP Multicast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-19
13 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
and 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
How Spanning Tree Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
Spanning Tree Options: RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1d) . . . . . . 13-5
RSTP (802.1w) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5
STP (802.1d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6
Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) . . . . . 13-7
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-7
Transitioning from STP to RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-8
Configuring RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-9
Optimizing the RSTP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-9
CLI: Configuring RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-10
Menu: Configuring RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-16
Web: Enabling or Disabling RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-18
802.1p Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
Menu: Configuring 802.1D STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
CLI: Configuring 802.1D STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22

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STP Fast Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-26
Fast-Uplink Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-27
Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-29
Operating Rules for Fast Uplink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-30
Menu: Viewing and Configuring Fast-Uplink STP . . . . . . . . . . . 13-31
CLI: Viewing and Configuring Fast-Uplink STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-37
Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-40
Web: Enabling or Disabling STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-41
14 HP Procurve Stack Management
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
Which Devices Support Stacking? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
Components of HP Procurve Stack Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
General Stacking Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
Operating Rules for Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
Configuring Stack Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
Overview of Configuring and Bringing Up a Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
Using the Menu Interface To View Stack Status and
Configure Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-13
Using the Menu Interface To View and Configure a
Commander Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-13
Using the Menu To Manage a Candidate Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-15
Using the Commander To Manage The Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-17
Using the Commander To Access Member Switches for
Configuration Changes and Monitoring Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . 14-23
Converting a Commander or Member to a Member of
Another Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-24
Monitoring Stack Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-25
Using the CLI To View Stack Status and Configure Stacking . . . . . 14-29
Using the CLI To View Stack Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-31
Using the CLI To Configure a Commander Switch . . . . . . . . . . 14-33
Adding to a Stack or Moving Switches Between Stacks . . . . . . 14-35
Using the CLI To Remove a Member from a Stack . . . . . . . . . . 14-40
Using the CLI To Access Member Switches for Configuration
Changes and Traffic Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-42
SNMP Community Operation in a Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-43

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Using the CLI To Disable or Re-Enable Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
Transmission Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
Stacking Operation with Multiple VLANs Configured . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
Web: Viewing and Configuring Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-45
Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-46
A File Transfers
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Downloading an Operating System (OS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
General OS Download Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Using TFTP To Download an OS Image from a Server . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
Menu: TFTP Download from a Server to Primary Flash . . . . . . . A-4
CLI: TFTP Download from a Server to Primary or
Secondary Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Using Xmodem to Download an OS Image From a PC or UNIX
Workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Menu: Xmodem Download to Primary Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
CLI: Xmodem Download from a PC or Unix Workstation to
Primary or Secondary Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Switch-to-Switch Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
Menu: Switch-to-Switch Download to Primary Flash . . . . . . . . . A-9
CLI: Switch-To-Switch Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Using the HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Troubleshooting TFTP Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-12
Transferring Switch Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-13
Copying Diagnostic Data to a Remote Host, PC, or
Unix Workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-16
Copying Command Output to a Destination Device . . . . . . . . . A-16
Copying Event Log Output to a Destination Device . . . . . . . . . A-17
Copying Crash Data Content to a Destination Device . . . . . . . A-17
Copying Crash Log Data Content to a Destination Device . . . . A-18
B Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

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Status and Counters Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Menu Access To Status and Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
General System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Menu Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
CLI Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Switch Management Address Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Menu Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
CLI Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Module Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Menu: Displaying Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
CLI Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8
Menu: Displaying Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8
CLI Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8
Web Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8
Viewing Port and Trunk Group Statistics and Flow Control Status . B-9
Menu Access to Port and Trunk Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10
CLI Access To Port and Trunk Group Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . B-11
Web Browser Access To View Port and Trunk Group Statistics B-11
Viewing the Switch’s MAC Address Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-12
Menu Access to the MAC Address Views and Searches . . . . . . B-13
CLI Access for MAC Address Views and Searches . . . . . . . . . . B-15
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-17
Menu Access to STP Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-17
CLI Access to STP Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-18
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Status . . . . . . . . . . . B-19
VLAN Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-20
Web Browser Interface Status Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-22
Port and Static Trunk Monitoring Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-23
Menu: Configuring Port and Static Trunk Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . B-24
CLI: Configuring Port and Static Trunk Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-26
Web: Configuring Port Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-28
C Troubleshooting
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Troubleshooting Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3

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Browser or Telnet Access Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Unusual Network Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
General Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
Prioritization Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
CDP Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
IGMP-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8
LACP-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Port-Based Access Control (802.1x)-Related Problems . . . . . . . C-9
Radius-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-12
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) and Fast-Uplink Problems . . . . C-14
SSH-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-15
Stacking-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-16
TACACS-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-16
TimeP, SNTP, or Gateway Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-18
VLAN-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-18
Using the Event Log To Identify Problem Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-21
Menu: Entering and Navigating in the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-22
CLI: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-23
Diagnostic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-24
Port Auto-Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-24
Ping and Link Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-24
Web: Executing Ping or Link Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-26
CLI: Ping or Link Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-27
Displaying the Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-29
CLI: Viewing the Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-29
Listing Switch Configuration and Operation Details for Help in
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-30
Web: Viewing the Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-32
CLI Administrative and Troubleshooting Commands . . . . . . . . . . . C-33
Restoring the Factory-Default Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-34
CLI: Resetting to the Factory-Default Configuration . . . . . . . . C-34
Clear/Reset: Resetting to the Factory-Default Configuration . C-34
Restoring a Flash Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-35
D MAC Address Management
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Determining MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2

xvi
Contents
Menu: Viewing the Switch’s MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
CLI: Viewing the Port and VLAN MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4
E Daylight Savings Time on HP Procurve Switches
Index

xvii
Getting Started
Contents
Getting Started
Contents
Getting Started
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Simulating Display Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Getting Documentation From the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Need Only a Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx

xviii
Getting Started
Introduction
Introduction
This Access Security Guide is intended for use with the following switches:
■HP Procurve Switch 4104GL
■HP Procurve Switch 4108GL
Together, these two devices are termed the Series 4100GL switches.
This guide describes how to use the command line interface (CLI), Menu
interface, and web browser interface to configure, manage, and monitor
switch operation. A troubleshooting chapter is also included.
For information on other product documentation for Series 4100 switches,
refer to “Related Publications”on page xx.
The Product Documentation CD-ROM shipped with the switch includes a
copy of this guide. You can also download a copy from the HP Procurve
website. (See “Getting Documentation From the Web”on page xxi, below.)
Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions for command syntax and displayed
information.
Command Syntax Statements
Syntax: aaa port-access authenticator < port-list >
[ control < authorized | auto | unauthorized >]
■Vertical bars ( | ) separate alternative, mutually exclusive elements.
■Square brackets ( [ ] ) indicate optional elements.
■Braces ( < > ) enclose required elements.
■Braces within square brackets ( [ < > ] ) indicate a required element within
an optional choice.
■Boldface indicates use of a CLI command, part of a CLI command syntax,
or other displayed element in general text. For example:
“Use the copy tftp command to download the key from a TFTP server.”
■Italics indicate variables for which you must supply a value when execut-
ing the command. For example, in this command syntax, you must provide
one or more port numbers:
Syntax: aaa port-access authenticator < port-list >