IBM ThinkPad X22 User manual

ThinkPad X22 Service &
Troubleshooting Guide
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note
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under
“Safety information” on page v, and “Appendix. Product warranty and notices” on page 31.
First Edition (May 2001)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION ″AS IS″WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
LIMITED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not
allow disclaimers or express or implied warranties in certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not apply to
you.
This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make
improvements or changes in the products or the programs described in this publication at any time.
Requests for technical information about IBM products should be made to your IBM Authorized Dealer or your IBM
Marketing Representative.
© Copyright International Business Machine Corporation 2001. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users
— Documentation related to restricted rights — Use, duplication, or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in
GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2001. All rights reserved.
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract
with IBM Corp.

Contents
Safetyinformation..........v
Finding information with Access ThinkPad xi
Chapter 1. System overview ......1
Features..............1
Specifications ............2
Caring for your computer ........3
Be careful about where you work ....3
Be gentle with your computer .....3
Carry your computer properly .....4
Handle storage media and drives properly 4
Take care in setting passwords .....4
Otherimportanttips........4
Cleaning your computer .......5
Chapter 2. Solving computer problems . . 7
Replacingtheharddiskdrive......7
Using the BIOS Setup Utility .......8
Testing your computer .........9
Recovering pre-installed software .....10
Solvingcomputerproblems.......12
Troubleshooting..........12
Chapter 3. Getting service.......27
Getting help on the Web ........27
Getting help by fax .........28
Calling IBM ............28
Appendix. Product warranty and notices 31
WarrantyStatements.........31
IBM Statement of Limited Warranty for
United States, Puerto Rico and Canada
(Part1-GeneralTerms).......31
IBM Statement of Warranty Worldwide
except Canada, Puerto Rico, Turkey and
United States (Part 1- General Terms) . . 34
Part 2 - Worldwide Country-Unique Terms 38
Notices..............44
Processing date data ........45
Trademarks...........45
Electronic emission notices ......45
Telecommunication notice ......47
Notice for Australia ........50
Notice for New Zealand Users .....50
Wireless Interoperability .......51
Usage environment and your Health. . . 51
Wireless Regulatory information ....52
USA - Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) .........52
Notice to EMEA users........53
Index ..............55
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001 iii

iv ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

Safety information
DANGER
Electric current from power, telephone, and communication cables is
hazardous. To avoid shock hazard, connect and disconnect cables as
shown below when installing, moving, or opening the covers of this
product or attached devices. If a 3-pin power cord is provided with this
products, it must be used with a properly grounded outlet.
To Connect
Turn everything OFF. Turn everything OFF.
First, attach all cables to devices.
Attach the signal cables to the
receptades
Attach the power cord to an
outlet.
Turn the device ON
To Disconnect
First, remove the power coed
from the outlet.
Remove the signal cables from
the receptades.
Remove all cables from device.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001 v

DANGER
Reduce the risk of fire and electric shock by always following basic
safety precautions, including the following:
vDo not use your computer in or near water.
vDuring electrical storms:
– Do not use your computer with the telephone cable connection.
– Do not connect the cable to or disconnect it from the telephone
outlet on the wall.
vi ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

DANGER
If the rechargeable battery pack is incorrectly replaced, there is danger of
an explosion. The battery pack contains a small amount of harmful
substances. To avoid possible injury:
vReplace only with a battery of the type recommended by IBM.
vKeep the battery pack away from fire.
vDo not expose it to water or rain.
vDo not attempt to disassemble it.
vDo not short-circuit it.
vKeep it away from children.
Do not put the battery pack in trash that is disposed of in landfills.
When disposing of the battery, comply with local ordinances or
regulations and your company’s safety procedures. In the United States,
call IBM at 1-800-IBM-4333 for information on disposal.
Safety information vii

DANGER
There is danger of an explosion if the backup battery is incorrectly
replaced. Replace only with a battery of the same type.
The lithium battery (IBM P/N 02K6715 UL-recognized component (file
no. MH12566)) contains lithium and can explode if it is not properly
handled or disposed of.
To avoid possible injury or death, do not: (1) throw or immerse the
battery into water, (2) allow it to heat to more than 100 deg C (212 deg F),
or (3) attempt to repair or disassemble it. Dispose of it as required by
local ordinances or regulations and your company’s safety standards.
DANGER
Follow the instruction below when installing or reconfiguring the Mini
PCI option.
To avoid shock hazard, disconnect all the cables and the ac adapter when
you install the Mini PCI option or open the covers of the system or
attached devices. Electrical current from power, telephone, and
communication cables is hazardous.
CAUTION:
When you have added or upgraded a Mini PCI Card or a memory card, do
not use your computer until you have closed the access cover. Never use the
computer with the access cover open.
Before removing or installing a Mini PCI Card or memory card, remove the
main battery pack of the computer. Some circuitry in the computer remain
powered even if the power seems to be off. Remove the ac adapter before
removing the main battery pack.
viii ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

CAUTION:
The fluorescent lamp in the liquid crystal display (LCD) contains mercury.
Do not put it in trash that is disposed of in landfills. Dispose it as required
by local ordinances or regulations.
The LCD is made of glass. Rough handling or dropping the computer can
cause the LCD to break. If the LCD breaks and the internal fluid gets into
your eyes or on your hands, immediately wash the affected areas with
water for at least 15 minutes; if any adverse symptoms after washing, get
medical care.
CAUTION:
To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or cable with a higher
rating.
CAUTION:
To reduce the risk of fire, electrical shock, or injury when using telephone
equipment, always follow basic safety precautions, such as:
vNever install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.
vNever install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is
specifically designed for wet locations.
vNever touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the
telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface.
vUse caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.
vAvoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical
storm.
vThere may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
vDo not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak.
Safety information ix

xThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

Finding information with Access ThinkPad
Whenever you have a question about your computer, or wish to view IBM
web sites, simply press the ThinkPad button to open Access ThinkPad.
Click one of the Internet images to get help and support, to join an interactive
ThinkPad web community, or to directly access information about accessories,
software, and upgrades.
Access ThinkPad includes a comprehensive, on-board help and information
center for your computer. It travels with you, eliminating the need to carry
reference manuals.
Find information about your ThinkPad computer and its features by using the
Quick Search or clicking one of the topics shown. This opens another window,
where you can view hundreds of help topics by browsing the table of
contents, using the index, or performing a search.
View help topics to learn how to:
vUse your computer hardware features
vConnect to the internet or a local network
vSet up a projector for your presentation
vUse passwords and other security features
vInstall, remove and recover software
vUpgrade your system
vExtend the life of your battery
vTroubleshoot problems
vContact IBM for service and support
vPerform many other tasks
Some of the topics in your help system contain brief video clips that show
you how to perform certain tasks, such as replacing your battery, inserting a
mini PCI card, or upgrading your memory. Use the controls shown to play,
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001 xi

pause and rewind the video clip.
ThinkP adComm unity
ThinkPadS olution s
Service&S upport
1
2
3
Up&Running
AboutY ourThinkP ad
EverydayEssentials
ProblemSolving
HowtoreachIBM
QuickSearch
4
5
1. Join an interactive community of ThinkPad users to access mobile
resources, read tips and true stories, and share your own advice.
2. Customize your ThinkPad with accessories, software and services.
3. A one-click guide to service on the Web for your ThinkPad.
4. Your gateway into a comprehensive help system, offering information
about all of your ThinkPad computer hardware and software features.
5. A quick way to search the help system.
xii ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

Chapter 1. System overview
Features..............1
Specifications ............2
Caring for your computer ........3
Be careful about where you work ....3
Be gentle with your computer .....3
Carry your computer properly .....4
Handle storage media and drives properly 4
Take care in setting passwords .....4
Otherimportanttips........4
Cleaning your computer .......5
Features
Processor
Intel
®
Mobile Tualafin Processor
Memory
Built-in: 128MB
Maximum: 640MB
Storage devices
2.5-inch hard disk drive
Display
The color display uses TFT technology
1. XGA
vUp to 1024-by-768 resolution on the 12.1-inch LCD
vUp to 1600-by-1200 resolution on an external monitor
vBrightness control
Keyboard
85-key, 86-key, or 90-key
TrackPoint
®
pointing device
Fn key function
ThinkPad Button
Volume buttons
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001 1

External interface
External-monitor connector
PC Card slot (Type I, Type II, Type II Plus)
Type II Compact Flash slot
Headphone jack, Microphone jack (supports a condenser microphone with the
type of connector that is shown circled in the following illustration)
Line-in jack
Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector
Telephone connector (available if the modem Mini-PCI Card or the Combo
Mini-PCI Card is installed)
Ethernet connector (available if the Ethernet Mini-PCI Card or the Combo
Mini-PCI Card is installed)
UltraPort connector to support an optional IBM digital camera
UltraBase X2 connector
IrDA port
Wireless LAN Interface
Specifications
Size
With a 12.1-inch display:
–Width: 279.4 mm
–Depth: 226.8 mm
–Height: 24.9-30.2 mm
Environment
Temperature (at altitudes less than 2438 m (8000 ft.)):
–Operating: 5°Cto35°C (41°Fto95°F)
2ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

–Non-operating: -20°Cto60°C (-4°Fto140°F)
Note: When you charge the battery pack, its temperature must be at least
10°C (50°F).
Relative humidity:
–Operating: 8% to 90%
–Non-operating: 5% to 95%
Maximum altitude: 3048 m (10,000 ft.) in unpressurized conditions
–Maximum temperature at 3048 m (10,000 ft.): 31°C (88°F)
Electrical (AC Adapter)
Sine-wave input, at 50 to 60 Hz is required
The input rating of the AC Adapter: 100-240 V ac, 50/60 Hz
Lithium-ion battery pack
Nominal voltage Capacity
14.4 V dc 1.8 AH
10.8 V dc 3.9 AH
Caring for your computer
Be careful about where you work
vDo not leave the base of your computer in contact with your lap or any
part of your body for an extended period when the computer is functioning
or when the battery is charging. Your computer dissipates some heat during
normal operation. This heat is a function of the level of system activity and
battery charge level. Extended contact with your body, even through
clothing, could cause discomfort or, eventually, a skin burn.
vPlace liquids away from your computer to avoid spills, and keep your
computer away from water (to avoid the danger of electrical shock).
vStore packing materials safely out of the reach of children to prevent the
risk of suffocation from plastic bags.
vKeep your computer away from magnets, activated cellular phones,
electrical appliances, or speakers (within 13cm/5 in.).
vAvoid subjecting your computer to extreme temperatures (below 5°C/41°F
or above 35°C/95°F).
Be gentle with your computer
vAvoid placing any objects (including paper) between the display and the
keyboard or under the keyboard.
Chapter 1. System overview 3

vDo not drop, bump, scratch, twist, hit, vibrate, push or place heavy objects
on your computer, display, or external devices.
vYour computer display is designed to be opened and used at an angle
slightly greater than 90 degrees. Do not open the display beyond 135
degrees, as this might damage the computer hinge.
Carry your computer properly
vWhen picking up your open computer, hold it by the bottom. Do not pick
up or hold your computer by the display.
vBe sure your computer is in standby or hibernation mode, or turned off,
before moving it. This will prevent damage to the hard disk drive and data
loss.
vUse a quality carrying case that provides adequate cushion and protection.
Do not pack your computer in a tightly packed suitcase or bag.
vBefore moving your computer, be sure to remove any media, turn off
attached devices, and disconnect cords and cables.
Handle storage media and drives properly
vAvoid inserting diskettes at an angle and attaching multiple or loose
diskette labels, as these can lodge in the diskette drive.
vDo not touch the surface of a CD or DVD or the lens on the CD- or
DVD-ROM tray.
vWait until you hear the CD- or DVD-ROM click into the center pivot of the
CD- or DVD-ROM drive before closing the CD- or DVD-ROM tray
vWhen replacing your hard disk drive, or installing an external diskette
drive, follow the instructions shipped with your hardware, and apply
pressure only where needed on the device. See Access ThinkPad for
information on replacing your hard disk drive (open Access ThinkPad by
pressing the ThinkPad button).
Take care in setting passwords
vRemember your passwords. If you forget a hard disk password, you must
have your hard disk drive replaced.
vIf you are an administrator, remember that setting a setup password can
prevent unauthorized initialization or changing of hard disk drive
passwords.
Other important tips
vYour computer can use only an analog telephone network, or
public-switched telephone network (PSTN). Do not connect the modem to
a PBX (private branch exchange) or any other digital telephone extension
line because this could damage your modem. Analog phone lines are often
used in homes, while digital phone lines are often used in hotels or office
buildings. If you are not sure which kind of phone line you are using,
contact your telephone company.
4ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

vPress the ThinkPad button to open your help system. Here, you can learn
how to extend the life of your battery through power management and
other features.
vYour computer might have both an Ethernet connector and a modem
connector. If so, be sure to connect your communication cable to the correct
one, so your connector is not damaged. See Access ThinkPad, your
on-board help system, for information on the location of these connectors
(press the ThinkPad button to open Access ThinkPad).
vOnly an authorized IBM ThinkPad repair technician should disassemble
and repair your computer.
vDo not modify or tape the latches to keep the display open or closed.
vTake care not to turn your computer over while the ac adapter is plugged
in. This could break the adapter plug.
vIf you replace the hard disk drive in your computer, reinstall the plastic
cover.
vStore your external diskette drive in an appropriate container or packaging
when it is not being used.
vRegister your ThinkPad products with IBM (refer to the Web page:
http://www.pc.ibm.com/register). This can help authorities return your
computer to you if it is lost or stolen. Registering your computer also
enables IBM to notify you about possible upgrades.
Cleaning your computer
Occasionally clean your computer as follows:
vUse a soft cloth moistened with nonalkaline detergent to wipe the exterior
of the computer.
vAvoid spraying cleaner directly on the display or the keyboard.
vGently wipe the display with a dry, soft cloth.
Chapter 1. System overview 5

6ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide

Chapter 2. Solving computer problems
Replacingtheharddiskdrive......7
Using the BIOS Setup Utility .......8
Testing your computer .........9
Recovering pre-installed software .....10
Solvingcomputerproblems.......12
Troubleshooting..........12
Errorswithmessages.......12
Errors without messages ......17
Power switch problems ......18
Input problems .........18
Standby or hibernation problems . . . 20
LCDproblems.........22
Battery problems ........23
Harddiskdriveproblems.....24
Passwords ..........24
Otherproblems.........25
Replacing the hard disk drive
You can increase the storage capacity of your computer by replacing the hard
disk drive with one of greater capacity. You can purchase a new hard disk
drive from your IBM reseller or IBM marketing representative, or by visiting
IBM on the Web.
Note: Replace the hard disk drive only if you upgrade it or have it repaired.
The connectors and bay of the hard disk drive were not designed for
frequent changes, or drive swapping.
Attention: Handling a hard disk drive:
vDo not drop the drive or subject it to physical shocks.
vDo not apply pressure to the cover of the drive.
vDo not touch the connector.
The drive is very sensitive. Incorrect handling can cause damage and
permanent loss of data on the hard disk. Before removing the hard-disk drive,
make a backup copy of all the information on the hard disk, and then turn
the computer off. Never remove the drive while the system is operating, in
standby mode, or in hibernation mode.
To replace the hard disk drive, do the following:
1. Turn off the computer; then disconnect the ac adapter and all cables from
the computer.
2. Close the computer display, and turn the computer upside down.
3. Remove the battery pack.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001 7

4. Remove the screw that secures the hard disk drive (1).
2
3-1
3-1
3-1 3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
1
5. Remove the hard-disk drive by pulling the cover away from the
computer (2).
6. Detach the hard disk drive cover (3–1).
7. Remove the screws and detach the old hard disk drive from the plate
hard disk (3–2).
8. Replace the new hard disk drive to the plate hard disk and reinstall the
screws.
9. Attach the cover to the new hard disk drive.
10. Insert the new hard disk drive and its cover into the hard disk drive bay;
then secure it firmly into place.
Note: Make sure that the label on the hard disk drive is facing the
bottom of the computer.
11. Reinstall the screw that secures the hard disk drive.
12. Reinstall the battery pack.
13. Turn the computer right side up. Connect the ac adapter and cables to
the computer.
Using the BIOS Setup Utility
Your computer provides a program, called IBM BIOS Setup Utility, that
enables you to configure your computer. The windows in this utility are as
follows:
vConfig: Set the configuration of your computer.
vDate/Time: Set date and time.
vPassword: Set a password.
vStartup: Set the startup device.
8ThinkPad X22 Service & Troubleshooting Guide