IBM THINKPAD X40 User manual

ThinkPad
®
X40 Series
Service
and Troubleshooting Guide
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ThinkPad
®
X40 Series
Service
and Troubleshooting Guide
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Note
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under
“Important safety information” on page iii, Appendix A, “Wireless related information,” on page 45,
Appendix B, “Warranty information,” on page 49, and Appendix C, “Notices,” on page 73.
First Edition (December 2003)
The following paragraph does not apply to the United Kingdom or any country where such provisions are
inconsistent with local law:
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION ″AS IS″ WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Some states do not allow disclaimer of express or implied warranties in certain transactions, therefore, this statement
may not apply to you.
This information could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make
improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time
without notice.
IBM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring
any obligation to you.
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2003. All rights reserved.
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract
with IBM Corp.

Important safety information
This information can help you safely use your IBM
®
personal computer.
Follow and retain all information included with your IBM computer. The
information in this document does not alter the terms of your purchase
agreement or the IBM Statement of Limited Warranty.
Customer safety is important to IBM. Our products are developed to be safe
and effective. However, personal computers are electronic devices. Power
cords, power adapters, and other features can create potential safety risks that
can result in physical injury or property damage, especially if misused. To
reduce these risks, follow the instructions included with your product,
observe all warnings on the product and in the operating instructions, and
review the information included in this document carefully. By carefully
following the information contained in this document and provided with your
product, you can help protect yourself from hazards and create a safer
computer work environment.
Note: This information includes references to power adapters and batteries. In
addition to mobile personal computers, IBM ships some products (such as
speakers or monitors) with external power adapters. If you have such a
product, this information applies to your product. In addition, your computer
product may contain a coin-sized internal battery that provides power to your
system clock even when the machine is unplugged, so the battery safety
information applies to all computers.
Conditions that require immediate action
Products can become damaged due to misuse or neglect. Some product
damage is serious enough that the product should not be used again until it
has been inspected and, if necessary, repaired by an authorized servicer.
As with any electronic device, pay close attention to the product when it is
turned on. On very rare occasions, you might notice an odor or see a puff of
smoke or sparks vent from your machine. Or you might hear sounds like
popping, cracking or hissing. These conditions might merely mean that an
internal electronic component has failed in a safe and controlled manner.
Or, they might indicate a potential safety issue. However, do not take risks
or attempt to diagnose the situation yourself.
Frequently inspect your computer and its components for damage or wear
or signs of danger. If you have any question about the condition of a
component, do not use the product. Contact the IBM HelpCenter
®
or the
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2003 iii

product manufacturer for instructions on how to inspect the product and
have it repaired, if necessary. The telephone numbers for your IBM
HelpCenter location are located in the Telephone numbers section of this
guide.
In the unlikely event that you notice any of the conditions listed below, or
if you have any safety concerns with your product, stop using the product
and unplug it from the power source and telecommunication lines until you
can speak to the IBM HelpCenter for further guidance.
v Power cords, plugs, power adapters, extension cords, surge protectors, or
power supplies that are cracked, broken or damaged.
v Signs of overheating, smoke, sparks or fire.
v Damage to a battery (such as cracks, dents, creases), discharge from a
battery, or a buildup of foreign substances on the battery.
v A cracking, hissing or popping sound, or strong odor that comes from the
product.
v Signs that liquid has been spilled or an object has fallen onto the computer
product, the power cord or power adapter.
v The computer product, the power cord or power adapter has been exposed
to water.
v The product has been dropped or damaged in any way.
v The product does not operate normally when you follow the operating
instructions.
Note: If you notice these conditions with a non-IBM product (such as an
extension cord), stop using that product until you can contact the product
manufacturer for further instructions, or until you get a suitable replacement.
General safety guidelines
Always observe the following precautions to reduce the risk of injury and
property damage.
Service
Do not attempt to service a product yourself unless instructed to do so by the
IBM HelpCenter. Use only an IBM authorized service provider who is
approved to repair your particular product.
Note: Some parts can be upgraded or replaced by the customer. These parts
are referred to as Customer Replaceable Units, or CRUs. IBM expressly
identifies CRUs as such, and provides documentation with instructions when
it is appropriate for customers to replace those parts. You must closely follow
all instructions when performing such replacements. Always make sure that
iv ThinkPad
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X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

the power is turned off and that the product is unplugged from any power
source before you attempt the replacement. If you have any questions or
concerns, contact the IBM HelpCenter.
Power cords and power adapters
Use only the power cords and power adapters supplied by the product
manufacturer.
Never wrap a power cord around the power adapter or other object. Doing so
can stress the cord in ways that can cause the cord to fray, crack or crimp.
This can present a safety hazard.
Always route power cords so that they will not be walked on, tripped over, or
pinched by objects.
Protect the cord and power adapters from liquids. For instance, do not leave
your cord or power adapter near sinks, tubs, toilets, or on floors that are
cleaned with liquid cleansers. Liquids can cause a short circuit, particularly if
the cord or power adapter has been stressed by misuse. Liquids can also
cause gradual corrosion of the power cord terminals and/or the connector
terminals on the adapter which can eventually result in overheating.
Always connect power cords and signal cables in the correct order and ensure
that all power cord connectors are securely and completely plugged into
receptacles.
Do not use any power adapter that shows corrosion at the ac input pins
and/or shows signs of overheating (such as deformed plastic) at the ac input
or anywhere on the power adapter.
Do not use any power cords where the electrical contacts on either end show
signs of corrosion or overheating or where the power cord appears to have
been damaged in any way.
Extension cords and related devices
Ensure that extension cords, surge protectors, uninterruptible power supplies,
and power strips that you use are rated to handle the electrical requirements
of the product. Never overload these devices. If power strips are used, the
load should not exceed the power strip input rating. Consult an electrician for
more information if you have questions about power loads, power
requirements, and input ratings.
Plugs and outlets
If a receptacle (power outlet) that you intend to use with your computer
equipment appears to be damaged or corroded, do not use the outlet until it
is replaced by a qualified electrician.
Important safety information v

Do not bend or modify the plug. If the plug is damaged, contact the
manufacturer to obtain a replacement.
Some products are equipped with a three-pronged plug. This plug fits only
into a grounded electrical outlet. This is a safety feature. Do not defeat this
safety feature by trying to insert it into a non-grounded outlet. If you cannot
insert the plug into the outlet, contact an electrician for an approved outlet
adapter or to replace the outlet with one that enables this safety feature.
Never overload an electrical outlet. The overall system load should not exceed
80 percent of the branch circuit rating. Consult an electrician for more
information if you have questions about power loads and branch circuit
ratings.
Be sure that the power outlet you are using is properly wired, easily
accessible, and located close to the equipment. Do not fully extend power
cords in a way that will stress the cords.
Connect and disconnect the equipment from the electrical outlet carefully
Batteries
All IBM personal computers contain a non-rechargeable coin cell battery to
provide power to the system clock. In addition many mobile products such as
Thinkpad notebook PCs utilize a rechargeable battery pack to provide system
power when in portable mode. Batteries supplied by IBM for use with your
product have been tested for compatibility and should only be replaced with
IBM approved parts.
Never attempt to open or service any battery. Do not crush, puncture, or
incinerate batteries or short circuit the metal contacts. Do not expose the
battery to water or other liquids. Only recharge the battery pack strictly
according to instructions included in the product documentation.
Battery abuse or mishandling can cause the battery to overheat, which can
cause gasses or flame to “vent” from the battery pack or coin cell. If your
battery is damaged, or if you notice any discharge from your battery or the
buildup of foreign materials on the battery leads, stop using the battery and
obtain a replacement from the battery manufacturer.
Batteries can degrade when they are left unused for long periods of time. For
some rechargeable batteries (particularly Lithium Ion batteries), leaving a
battery unused in a discharged state could increase the risk of a battery short
circuit, which could shorten the life of the battery and can also pose a safety
hazard. Do not let rechargeable Lithium-Ion batteries completely discharge or
store these batteries in a discharged state.
vi ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

Heat and product ventilation
Computers generate heat when turned on and when batteries are charging.
Notebook PCs can generate a significant amount of heat due to their compact
size. Always follow these basic precautions:
v Do not leave the base of your computer in contact with your lap or any
part of your body for an extended period when the computer is functioning
or when the battery is charging. Your computer produces some heat during
normal operation. Extended contact with the body could cause discomfort
or, potentially, a skin burn.
v Do not operate your computer or charge the battery near flammable
materials or in explosive environments.
v Ventilation slots, fans and/or heat sinks are provided with the product for
safety, comfort, and reliable operation. These features might inadvertently
become blocked by placing the product on a bed, sofa, carpet, or other
flexible surface. Never block, cover or disable these features.
CD and DVD drive safety
CD and DVD drives spin discs at a high speed. If a CD or DVD is cracked or
otherwise physically damaged, it is possible for the disc to break apart or
even shatter when the CD drive is in use. To protect against possible injury
due to this situation, and to reduce the risk of damage to your machine, do
the following:
v Always store CD/DVD discs in their original packaging
v Always store CD/DVD discs out of direct sunlight and away from direct
heat sources
v Remove CD/DVD discs from the computer when not in use
v Do not bend or flex CD/DVD discs, or force them into the computer or
their packaging
v Check CD/DVD discs for cracks before each use. Do not use cracked or
damaged discs
Additional safety information
DANGER
Electric current from power, telephone, and communication cables is hazardous. To
avoid shock hazard, connect and disconnect cables as shown below when
installing, moving, or opening the covers of this product or attached devices. If the
3-pin power cord is provided with this product, it must be used with a properly
grounded outlet.
Important safety information vii

Turn everything OFF.
Turn everything OFF.
First, attach all cables to
devices.
First, remove the power cord
from the
outlet.
Attach the signal cables to
receptacles.
Remove signal cables from
receptacles.
Attach the power cord to
an outlet.
Remove all cables from devices.
Turn the device ON.
To Connect To Disconnect
viii ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

DANGER
Reduce the risk of fire and electric shock by always following basic safety
precautions, including the following:
v Do not use your computer in or near water.
v During electrical storms:
– Do not use your computer with the telephone cable connection.
– Do not connect the cable to or disconnect it from the telephone outlet on the
wall.
DANGER: Storing the rechargeable battery pack
The battery pack should be stored at room temperature, charged to approx. 30 to 50
% of capacity. We recommend that battery pack be charged about once per year to
prevent overdischarge.
Important safety information ix

DANGER
If the rechargeable battery pack is incorrectly replaced, there is danger of an
explosion. The battery pack contains a small amount of harmful substances. To
avoid possible injury:
v Replace only with a battery of the type recommended by IBM.
v Keep the battery pack away from fire.
v Do not expose it to water or rain.
v Do not attempt to disassemble it.
v Do not short-circuit it.
v Keep it away from children.
Do
not put the battery pack in trash that is disposed of in landfills. When
disposing of the battery, comply with local ordinances or regulations and your
company’s safety standards.
If the backup battery is incorrectly replaced, there is danger of explosion.
The lithium battery contains lithium and can explode if it is not properly handled
or disposed of.
Replace only with a battery of the same type.
To avoid possible injury or death, do not: (1) throw or immerse the battery into
water, (2) allow it to heat to more than 100 °C (212 °F), or (3) attempt to repair or
disassemble it. Dispose of it as required by local ordinances or regulations and
your company’s safety standards.
DANGER
Follow the instruction below when installing or reconfiguring the CDC or Mini
PCI option.
To avoid shock hazard, disconnect all the cables and the ac adapter when you
install the CDC or Mini PCI option or open the covers of the system or attached
devices. Electrical current from power, telephone, and communication cables is
hazardous.
CAUTION:
When you have added or upgraded a CDC or Mini PCI Card or a memory
card, do not use your computer until you have closed the cover. Never use
the computer when the cover is open.
x ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

CAUTION:
The fluorescent lamp in the liquid crystal display (LCD) contains mercury.
Do not put it in trash that is disposed of in landfills. Dispose of it as
required by local ordinances or regulations.
The LCD is made of glass, and rough handling or dropping the computer
can cause the LCD to break. If the LCD breaks and the internal fluid gets
into your eyes or on your hands, immediately wash the affected areas with
water for at least 15 minutes; if any symptoms are present after washing,
get medical care.
Important safety information xi

DANGER: Modem safety information
To reduce the risk of fire, electrical shock, or injury when using telephone
equipment, always follow basic safety precautions, such as:
v Never install telephone wiring during an electrical storm.
v Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically
designed for wet locations.
v Never touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line
has been disconnected at the network interface.
v Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.
v Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical storm.
There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
v Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak.
v Use only No. 26 AWG or larger (thicker) telephone cable.
Laser compliance statement
An optical storage drive (device), such as a CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD-ROM
drive and SuperDisk, which can be installed in the IBM ThinkPad computer is
a laser product. The drive’s classification label (shown below) is on the surface
of the drive.
CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT
LASER KLASSE 1
LUOKAN 1 LASERLAITE
APPAREIL A LASER DE CLASSE 1
KLASS 1 LASER APPARAT
The drive is certified by the manufacturer to comply with the requirements of
the Department of Health and Human Services 21 Code of Federal
Regulations (DHHS 21 CFR) Subchapter J for Class I laser products at the date
of manufacture.
In other countries, the drive is certified to conform to the requirements of
IEC825 and EN60825 for Class 1 laser products.
xii ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

DANGER
Class 1 laser products are not considered hazardous. The design of the laser
system and the optical storage drive ensures that there is no exposure to laser
radiation above a Class 1 level during normal operation, user maintenance, or
servicing.
Some drives contain an embedded Class 3A laser diode. Note this warning:
DANGER
DANGER
Store packing materials safely out of the reach of children to prevent the risk of
suffocation from plastic bags.
Many PC products and accessories contain cords, cables or wires, such as
power cords or cords to connect the accessory to a PC. If this product has
such a cord, cable or wire, then the following warning applies:
WARNING: Handling the cord on this product or cords associated with
accessories sold with this product will expose you to lead, a chemical known
to the State of California to cause cancer, and birth defects or other
reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
Save these instructions.
Do not open the optical storage drive unit; no user adjustments or serviceable
parts are inside.
Use of controls, adjustments, or the performance of procedures other than those
specified might result in hazardous radiation exposure.
Emits visible and invisible laser radiation when open. Avoid direct eye exposure.
Do not stare into the beam or view it directly with optical instruments.
Important safety information xiii

xiv ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

Important notice for users
Important Regulatory Notice for Users
Information about hard disk capacity
The ThinkPad
®
X40 Series computer complies with the radio frequency and safety standards of any
country or region in which it has been approved for wireless use. You are requested to install and use
your ThinkPad computer in strict accordance with the local RF regulations. Before you use the ThinkPad
X40 Series computer, please find and read Regulatory Notice for ThinkPad X40 Series, the notice that
supplements this Service and Troubleshooting Guide. The notice is included in the package with this
publication.
Instead of providing a recovery CD or a Windows
®
CD with your computer, IBM
®
provides simpler
methods of accomplishing the tasks typically associated with these CDs. The files and programs for
these alternative methods are on your hard disk, which eliminates having to locate misplaced CDs and
problems associated with using an incorrect CD version.
The complete backup of all the files and programs that IBM preinstalled on your computer resides in a
hidden section, or partition, of the hard disk. Although hidden, the backups in the partition consume
hard disk space. Therefore, when checking the capacity of your hard disk according to Windows, you
might note that the total capacity of the disk appears to be smaller than anticipated. This discrepancy is
explained by the contents of the hidden partition. (See “Recovering pre-installed software” on page 32.)
For more information about recovering your hard disk to the original preinstalled contents refer to your
on-system help source, Access IBM. Press the blue Access IBM button or click the Access IBM icon on
your desktop, and then browse the Learn section for various topics that cover backing up and
recovering.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2003 xv

xvi ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide

Finding information with Access IBM
The blue Access IBM button can help you in many situations when your
computer is working normally, and even when it is not. At your desktop,
press the Access IBM button to open Access IBM. Access IBM is your
on-board computer help center that brings you informative illustrations and
easy-to-follow instructions for getting started and staying productive. You can
also use the Access IBM button to interrupt the startup sequence of your
computer and start the IBM Rescue and Recovery. If Windows does not start
correctly, press the Access IBM button during the startup sequence of your
computer and start the IBM Rescue and Recovery. Use this area to run
diagnostics, restore your backups (assuming you have made backups using
IBM Rapid Restore Ultra), restore to factory contents (i.e., what was there
when you received your computer), start a utility that enables you to change
your startup sequence, and get essential system information, and start the
IBM BIOS Setup Utility where you can check and change BIOS settings.
Press the Access IBM button to open the application that brings all of IBM’s
resources to you. Below you will see the Welcome page of Access IBM that
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2003 xvii

explains what each part of Access IBM holds to help you.
Some of the topics in your help system contain brief video clips that show
you how to perform certain tasks, such as replacing your battery, inserting a
PC Card, or upgrading your memory. Use the controls shown to play, pause,
and rewind the video clip.
xviii ThinkPad
®
X40 Series Service and Troubleshooting Guide