Infratek 101A User manual

USERS MANUAL MODEL 101A
USERS MANUAL MODEL 101AUSERS MANUAL MODEL 101A
USERS MANUAL MODEL 101A
General Purpose Power Analyzer
General Purpose Power AnalyzerGeneral Purpose Power Analyzer
General Purpose Power Analyzer
SINGLE- AND THREE PHASE
SINGLE- AND THREE PHASESINGLE- AND THREE PHASE
SINGLE- AND THREE PHASE
Infratek
Copyright
CopyrightCopyright
Copyright 

2003 by Infratek AG
2003 by Infratek AG2003 by Infratek AG
2003 by Infratek AG
REV 1.0
REV 1.0REV 1.0
REV 1.0
Infratek AG
Infratek AGInfratek AG
Infratek AG
Weingartenstrasse 6
Weingartenstrasse 6Weingartenstrasse 6
Weingartenstrasse 6
CH-8707
CH-8707CH-8707
CH-8707 Uetikon am See
Uetikon am SeeUetikon am See
Uetikon am See
Phone: [phone]
Phone: [phone]Phone: [phone]
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Fax: [phone]Fax: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.infratek-ag.com
www.infratek-ag.comwww.infratek-ag.com
www.infratek-ag.com
E-Mail: [e-mail]
E-Mail: [e-mail]-Mail: [e-mail]
E-Mail: [e-mail]

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
1.1.
1. SAFETY
SAFETYSAFETY
SAFETY
1.1 Warnings
2.
2.2.
2. INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZERINTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
2.1 Instrument Versions, Options, Accessories
2.2 Specifications
3.
3.3.
3. MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER ANALYZER
MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER ANALYZERMATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER ANALYZER
MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER ANALYZER
4.
4.4.
4. GETTING STARTED
GETTING STARTEDGETTING STARTED
GETTING STARTED
4.1 Front Panel and Rear Panel
4.2 Line Voltage Selection
4.3 Turning the Power Analyzer on
4.4 Using the Function Keys
4.5 Taking Basic Measurements
5.
5.5.
5. OPER
OPEROPER
OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANEL
ATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANELATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANEL
ATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE FRONT PANEL
5.1 Operating Philosophy
5.2 Operations Controlled by the Side Menus
5.2.1 Range Selection, Auto Range Selection
5.2.2 Selecting Synchronization / 2W, 3W Configuration
5.2.3 Selecting Measurement Time and Special Functions
5.2.4 Selecting Various Display Modes
5.2.5 Selecting the Graphics in the VIEWSUM-Display-Mode
5.3 Operations Controlled by the Bottom Line Menus
5.3.1 Main Menus
5.3.2 Main Menu <HOLD>
5.3.3 Main Menu <AC+DC>
5.3.4 Main Menu <VIEW>
5.4 Operations Controlled by the Numeric Display Field
5.4.1 The Measurement Function Selection Table
5.4.2 Selecting RMS-Values
5.4.3 Selecting Min, MAX, Peak
5.4.4 Selecting Power Values
5.4.5 Selecting and Resetting Energy Values and Time
5.4.6 Selecting Power Factor (PF)
5.4.7 Selecting FFT Values, Harmonics 1-20
6.
6.6.
6. OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTER
OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTEROPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTER
OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE COMPUTER
INTERFACE
INTERFACEINTERFACE
INTERFACE
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Local and Remote Operations
6.3 RS-232 Computer Interface
6.4 Interface Parameters
6.5 Cabling the Power Analyzer to a Host
6.6 How the Power Analyzer Processes Input
6.6.1 Input Terminator
6.6.2 Sending Commands to the Power Analyzer
6.6.3 How the Power Analyzer Processes Output
6.6.4 Optimizing Speed for Data Transfer
6.7 Operating Several Instruments on RS-232 from one Computer
6.7.1 Status Register Definition
6.8 Computer Interface Command Set
7.
7.7.
7. THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONSTHE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
7.1 Option 01: RS-232 Interface, and Operating Software
7.1.1 RS-232 Interface and Operating Software
8.
8.8.
8. POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATIONPOWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
8.1 Calibration Cycle
8.1.1 Equipment Needed
8.1.2 Preparing for Calibration
8.1.3 Voltage Calibration, Current Calibration, Clamp Calibration
9. LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE PHASE
LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE PHASELOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE PHASE
LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE PHASE

1-1 1-2
1.
1.1.
1. SAFETY
SAFETYSAFETY
SAFETY
Before using the Power Analyzer, read the following safety information carefully. In this
manual „WARNING“
„WARNING“„WARNING“
„WARNING“ is reserved for conditions that pose hazards to the user;
„CAUTION“
„CAUTION“„CAUTION“
„CAUTION“ is reserved for conditions that may damage your instrument.
Avoid working alone.
Follow all safety procedures for equipment being tested.
Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation.
Be sure the Power Analyzer is in good operating condition.
To avoid electrical shock, use caution when working above 30V dc or rms.
Disconnect the live test leads before disconnecting the common test leads.
When making a current- or power measurement, turn the circuit power off before
connecting the Power Analyzer in the circuit.
Switching on inductive loads means large inrush currents. Take precautions to
avoid overloading the current channels by shorting the start-up currents across
the current inputs.
Switching off inductive loads or switching on rotating loads means large voltages
or extremely fast changing voltages on the Power Analyzer input terminals. Such
conditions may damage the instrument and are potentially hazardous.
To comply with EN50081-1 the current- and voltage test leads must form 6
windings through ferrite torroid Siemens B64290-L40-X830 or equivalent. (This
measure will also enhance immunity with respect to fast common mode
transients), the RS-232 interface cable must be shielded and must form 1
winding through Fair-rite VO 0444176451.
1kV burst test: use shielded input- and output cables.
The Power Analyzer complies with the safety standards IEC 1010-1,
EN 61010-1.
1.1
1.11.1
1.1 WARNINGS
WARNINGSWARNINGS
WARNINGS
Before reading the manual or before using this instrument read carefully the
warnings below and make sure you understand them.
WARNING: Line Power
WARNING: Line PowerWARNING: Line Power
WARNING: Line Power
To avoid shock hazard, connect the instrument power cord to a power receptacle
with earth ground.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
The maximum floating voltage above earth ground on the current input terminals
and the voltage Lo-input terminals is 600V. Exceeding these limits poses a
hazard to the meter and operator.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Qualified personnel must operate this instrument.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Refer all servicing of this instrument to qualified personnel. Before opening case
disconnect all leads connected to the instrument and finally disconnect the power
line cord.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
The specifications given in this manual solely describe the technical properties of
the instrument. They do not imply any other properties unless it is explicitly said
so.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Use of this instrument in life support systems and in systems for people
transportation must be expressly authorized.
The manufacturer of this Power Analyzer must sign the authorization.
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Do not operate the front panel keys with pointed objects. A damaged key may
pose shock hazard.
If you observe a damaged front panel key, please report this to your nearest
Infratek representative and return the instrument for repair.

2-1 2-2
2.
2.2.
2. INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZERINTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Read the „Power Analyzer Safety“ in section 1 of this manual before using the
instrument.
This 1- and 3-phase Power Analyzer is designed for bench-top, field service, and
system application.
Some features provided by the Power Analyzer are:
Blue LCD monitor, 108 x 56mm (240x128 pixels).
Fully menu controlled operation with only 11 soft keys.
Meter mode and graphics mode.
Measures and computes all electrical quantities of current, voltage, power,
energy and harmonics of current, and voltage simultaneously.
AC-, and AC+DC-coupling for individual quantities.
Built-in integrator for energy measurement.
Harmonic Analysis of current and voltage.
Bar graph and wave form display.
Wide voltage- and current range (600mA - 50A).
2.1
2.12.1
2.1 INS
INSINS
INSTRUMENT VERSIONS, OPTIONS, ACCESSORIES
TRUMENT VERSIONS, OPTIONS, ACCESSORIESTRUMENT VERSIONS, OPTIONS, ACCESSORIES
TRUMENT VERSIONS, OPTIONS, ACCESSORIES
101A-1 Low Cost Single Phase Power / Energy Analyzer, 0.15 % accuracy,
peak hold function, tilt stand
101A-3 Low Cost Three Phase Power / Energy Analyzer, 0.15 % accuracy,
peak hold function, tilt stand
Option 01 RS-232 Interface. Windows Operating Software (95, 98, NT, 2000, ME,
XP)
Option 02 Rechargeable battery for 6 hours autonomous operation including built
in charger
ACS1 Single phase load connection box
(User installs country specific power receptacle)
ACS2 Three phase load connection box
(User installs country specific 3-phase plug and 3-phase connector)
ACS3 Soft carrying case for 101A

2-3 3-1
2.2
2.22.2
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
Voltage
VoltageVoltage Voltage 4 ranges: 30 V, 100 V, 300 V, 1000 V; max. 600 V
Frequency range: DC-50 kHz Accuracy: 10 Hz – 2 kHz, ±(0.1 % rdg + 0.1 % range)
2 kHz – 10 kHz, ±(0.8 % rdg + 0.3 % range)
Current
CurrentCurrent Current 5 ranges: 600 mA, 2 A, 6 A, 20 A, 60 A; max. 40 A continuous, max.
100A, 1 second
Frequency range: DC – 50 kHz Accuracy: 10 Hz – 400 Hz, ±(0.15 % rdg + 0.15 % range)*
400 Hz – 2 kHz, ±(1.5 % rdg + 1.0 % range) *Lowest range and current >10A multiply percentage figures by 2.
Power
PowerPower Power Accuracy: Add accuracy percentage figures of current and voltage,
PF = 0 to ±1.
Measured
MeasuredMeasured Measured
Quantities
QuantitiesQuantities Quantities Vrms, Vmax, Vpeakhold, Arms, Amax, Apeakhold, power, apparent power, power
factor, energy, apparent energy, elapsed time, voltage - and current harmonics n=1 to 20.
Display
DisplayDisplay Display Blue liquid c rystal graphic display with EL backlight. Displays values of each phase,
total values, or values of all three phases. Displays wave forms and bar graphs.
Dielectric
DielectricDielectric Dielectric Inputs to case, Line input to case: 2 kV/2 kV
Dimension
DimensionDimension Dimension H x W x D = 132 x 185 x 267 mm. W eight 2.5 kg, Tilt stand.
Options
OptionsOptions Options RS-232 Interface and Windows Operating Software (95, 98, NT, 2000, ME, XP).
Battery back up for 6 hours operation with built in charger.
Accessories
AccessoriesAccessories Accessories Single - and three phase load connection box
Carrying case 32A Test lead s
3.
3.3.
3. MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USE
MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USEMATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USE
MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE
D BY THED BY THE
D BY THE
POWER ANALYZER
POWER ANALYZERPOWER ANALYZER
POWER ANALYZER
RMS-value (1/T
o
T
∫i2dt)1/2; RMS of total and RMS of harmonic (1-63)
Maximum max. (i) in averaging interval
Average Power P 1/T
o
T
∫u i dt
Apparent Power S RMS current x RMS voltage
Power Factor P/S
Power Factor 3-phase system (P1 + P2 + P3) / S1 + S2 + S3)
Energies
0
t
∫xdt x = P, S
RMS-, and maximum values apply to current and voltage.
RMS-, and maximum values apply to current and voltage.RMS-, and maximum values apply to current and voltage.
RMS-, and maximum values apply to current and voltage.
Energies apply to real- and apparent power.
Energies apply to real- and apparent power.Energies apply to real- and apparent power.
Energies apply to real- and apparent power.

4-1 4-2
4.
4.4.
4. GETTING STARTED
GETTING STARTEDGETTING STARTED
GETTING STARTED
This section explains how to prepare the Power Analyzer for operation, discusses
general operating features, and explains some common measurements.
4.1
4.14.1
4.1 FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL
FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANELFRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL
FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL
The front panel in figure 4.1 shows the graphic display in its configuration when the
Power Analyzer starts up. The main menus at the bottom of the display are selected by
pressing menu keys M1 through M6. Below the menu keys are 4 cursor control keys
and one “SET”
“SET”“SET”
“SET” key. The cursor control keys are used to move the cursor up and down
or to the right or to the left.
The basic operations are:
•Move the cursor in the side menu and press “SET”
“SET”“SET”
“SET”. A pull down menu is
presented to select a new setting.
•Move the cursor right to any display number field and press “SET”
“SET”“SET”
“SET”. A
measurement quantity selection table is presented to select a new quantity.
Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1.Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1. Power / Energy Analyzer Front Panel
Power / Energy Analyzer Front PanelPower / Energy Analyzer Front Panel
Power / Energy Analyzer Front Panel
The rear panel of a single phase 101A is shown in Figure 4.2. The input terminals are
on the right hand side. Load current is measured between red and blue terminals and
voltage is measured between blue and black terminals.
The three phase Power Analyzer has the inputs for phase 1 (L1) at the bottom, phase 2
(L2) inputs are in the middle, and phase 3 (L3) inputs at the top.
On the left hand side of the rear panel is the RS-232 interface connector (not shown in
Figure 4.2).
Figure 4.2.
Figure 4.2.Figure 4.2.
Figure 4.2. Power / Energy Analyzer Rear Panel
Power / Energy Analyzer Rear PanelPower / Energy Analyzer Rear Panel
Power / Energy Analyzer Rear Panel
4.2.
4.2.4.2.
4.2. LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTIONLINE VOLTAGE SELECTION
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION
The line operating voltage is factory set. Before operating your Power Analyzer on line
power please check the voltage setting written on the tag above the line receptacle. In
case the voltage does not match the operating voltage of your country the voltage
setting can be changed as shown below:
WARNING
WARNINGWARNING
WARNING
Before changing the internal voltage setting disconnect all electrical connections to the
Power Analyzer.
•Remove all connections to your Power Analyzer.
•Remove the instrument hood by removing 4 screws on each side of the case.
•Change the jumper setting as shown in Figure 4.3.

4-3 4-4
Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3.Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3. Position of Voltage Selector fo
Position of Voltage Selector foPosition of Voltage Selector fo
Position of Voltage Selector for 110V/60Hz and 230V/50Hz operation.
r 110V/60Hz and 230V/50Hz operation.r 110V/60Hz and 230V/50Hz operation.
r 110V/60Hz and 230V/50Hz operation.
4.3
4.34.3
4.3 TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON
TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ONTURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON
TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON
Insert the line cord into the receptacle on the charger. It will operate on the line voltage
marked above the line cord receptacle.
Turn on the instrument by activating the on/off-switch located on the front panel.
Alternatively, you can operate the Power Analyzer on the internal optional batteries
without external supply.
When the instrument is turned on the display is set to its start-up configuration with most
values set to zero for about 2 seconds. The Power Analyzer assumes its initial setting
as follows: the first line of the display number field shows the RMS current and the RMS
voltage. The second line shows power and power factor, and the third line shows active
energy and time.
The fourth and fifth lines are graphic area. At start-up the voltage wave form is
displayed.
Three phase instruments will display values from phase L1.
The side menu shows the following settings:
IN 50A
IN 50AIN 50A
IN 50A current input 0-50A
600mA A
600mA A600mA A
600mA A 600mA range in auto ranging
30V A
30V A30V A
30V A 30V range in auto ranging
Syn = I
Syn = ISyn = I
Syn = I synchronization to current phase L1
>
>>
>500 ms
500 ms500 ms
500 ms 500ms measurement time
VIEW L1
VIEW L1VIEW L1
VIEW L1 displays phase L1 values
The main menus along the bottom side of the display are:


HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD 










VIEW
VIEWVIEW
VIEW 





4.4
4.44.4
4.4 USING THE FUNCTION KEYS
USING THE FUNCTION KEYSUSING THE FUNCTION KEYS
USING THE FUNCTION KEYS
Below the display are 2 rows of control keys. The top row contains 6 menu control keys
M1, M2, M3, M4, M5,
M1, M2, M3, M4, M5,M1, M2, M3, M4, M5,
M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6
M6M6
M6. The bottom row contains 4 cursor control keys and 1
“SET” control key.
The basic use of the two key control fields is as follows:
The cursor control keys
cursor control keyscursor control keys
cursor control keys are used to move the cursor to the desired position on the
display. Pressing the SET-key
SET-keySET-key
SET-key means that you want to modify this position; this can be a
position to the very left of the display (side menu) such as current range- or voltage
range selection, or synchronization to I or U (current or voltage of phase L1), or
selection of averaging time, or selection of phase L1, L2, L3, SUM, or ALL display.
When you move the cursor to the display number field the display can be reconfigured,
that is, you can place at the selected position a different quantity.
The menu control keys
menu control keysmenu control keys
menu control keys M1
M1M1
M1 through M6
M6M6
M6 go with the 6 menus shown along the bottom of
the display. These menus are dynamically changing, depending on the cursor position
and other action you may take.
4.5
4.54.5
4.5 TAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS
TAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTSTAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS
TAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS
The following procedures describe the basics of taking common power measurements
operating the Power Analyzer from the front panel. This information is provided for the
user who needs to get started quickly.
WARNINGS
WARNINGSWARNINGS
WARNINGS
Read the Power Analyzer safety before operating this instrument.
To avoid electrical shock or damage to the Power Analyzer, do not apply more
than 850V peak between any terminal and earth ground.
The user should be well aware of the fact, that switching off inductive loads may
generate extremely fast and high voltage transients exceeding above limits.
To measure voltage, current, power and related quantities in a 3-phase circuit
connect the test leads as shown in figure 4.4 and follow the procedure described
below.
Red Voltage Selector
shown is set for 230V/50Hz
operation (use pin in the
middle and to the right)
Position of Voltage Selector
for 110V/60Hz operation
(use pin in the middle and
to the left
)

4-5 5-1
L3
L3L3
L3
L2
L2L2
L2
L1
L1L1
L1
TO LOAD
N
NN
N
L2
L2L2
L2
I3
I3I3
I3
I1
I1I1
I1
I2
I2I2
I2
Voltage
Common
L3
L3L3
L3
L1
L1L1
L1
N
NN
N
V3
V3V3
V3
V2
V2V2
V2
V1
V1V1
V1
Figure 4.4:
Figure 4.4:Figure 4.4:
Figure 4.4: Wiring of the Power Analyzer in a 3-phase 4-wire circuit.
The 3-Wattmeter connection is used. Total Power = P1+P2+P3.
If no neutral is available leave voltage Lo unconnected.
(Frequency inverters, star point network 500kΩis built in)
•Turn off power in the circuit to be measured.
•Break the circuit in each phase and connect phase L1 to the current input 1, phase
L2 to current input 2, and phase L3 to current input 3. The current flows from source
to load; as a consequence you must connect the Hi current inputs (red) to the source
side and the Lo current inputs (blue) to the load side.
•In three phase 4-wire systems connect the Lo input terminal (black) to Neutral. In
three phase 3-wire systems leave Lo input unconnected.
•Switch on the Power Analyzer (it will be in automatic ranging).
•Turn on power to the load under test.
•The Power Analyzer will automatically select the voltage range and displays the
following six electrical quantities (display top to bottom) RMS-current, RMS-voltage,
power, power factor active energy, and elapsed time of phase L1.
•Use the side menu to display values from phase L2, L3, SUM, and ALL.
5.
5.5.
5. OPERATING THE PO
OPERATING THE POOPERATING THE PO
OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE
WER ANALYZER FROM THEWER ANALYZER FROM THE
WER ANALYZER FROM THE
FRONT PANEL
FRONT PANELFRONT PANEL
FRONT PANEL
Section 5 explains how to operate the Power Analyzer from the front panel. You may
want to configure the instrument to your personal needs going through the steps
described in this section. Six menu keys M1
M1M1
M1 through M6
M6M6
M6 below the display, four cursor
control keys, and one SET
SETSET
SET key perform all operations.
All front panel operations can just as well be achieved by using the computer interface.
5.1
5.15.1
5.1 OPERATING PHILOSOPHY
OPERATING PHILOSOPHYOPERATING PHILOSOPHY
OPERATING PHILOSOPHY
The display monitor is subdivided into the side menu field, the number- and graphics
field, and the bottom line menu field (Figure 5.1). The cursor can be moved to the side
menu field and the number field.
If you move the cursor to one of the side menu annunciators and press the SET
SETSET
SET key a
pull-down menu is presented from which you can make a new choice. Moving the cursor
in the pull-down menu to the desired value does this. Press the SET
SETSET
SET key again. The new
setting becomes active and appears now as annunciator in the side menu.
If you move the cursor to the display number field and press the SET
SETSET
SET key a selection
table of the available measurement values is presented from which you can make a new
choice. Moving the cursor in the selection table to the desired value does this. Press the
SET
SETSET
SET key again. The new measurement quantity now becomes active and appears now
in the selected display number field.
Finally, the keys M1
M1M1
M1 through M6
M6M6
M6 operate the bottom-line menu field. The main menus
HOLD, AC+DC, VIEW
HOLD, AC+DC, VIEWHOLD, AC+DC, VIEW
HOLD, AC+DC, VIEW appear when the cursor is located in the side menu. When the
cursor is located in the display number field a secondary menu appears matching the
measurement quantity the cursor is pointing at. If the cursor is pointing at an FFT-value,
for example, the bottom-line menu lets you alter the harmonic number shown in the
annunciator in the middle section of the side menu field.

5-2 5-3
Figure 5.1
Figure 5.1Figure 5.1
Figure 5.1 Power Analyzer Front Panel Controls
Power Analyzer Front Panel ControlsPower Analyzer Front Panel Controls
Power Analyzer Front Panel Controls
5.2
5.25.2
5.2 OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE SIDE MENUS
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE SIDE MENUSOPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE SIDE MENUS
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE SIDE MENUS
The side menus control such functions as current input selection, range selection,
measurement time and special functions selection, and display mode selection.
5.2.1
5.2.15.2.1
5.2.1 RANGE SELECTION, AUTO RANGE SELECTION
RANGE SELECTION, AUTO RANGE SELECTIONRANGE SELECTION, AUTO RANGE SELECTION
RANGE SELECTION, AUTO RANGE SELECTION
Current Ranging
Current RangingCurrent Ranging
Current Ranging
To select a current range you move the cursor in the side menu to the current range
annunciator and press the SET
SETSET
SET key.
Move the cursor to the desired range and press SET
SETSET
SET to return to the side menu.
Auto Ranging
Auto RangingAuto Ranging
Auto Ranging
When you have set a range manually an inverse M
to the right of the range annunciator
is displayed indicating that current is in manual ranging. With menu key M2
M2M2
M2 you can
toggle the current input from manual ranging to auto ranging (indicated by an inverse A),
and back to manual ranging. For all but a few measurements auto ranging will work fine.
Manual ranging must be used for the data logging and dynamic torque measurement
and for those measurements where occasional large current peaks cause an undesired
up- and down ranging.
Voltage Ranging
Voltage RangingVoltage Ranging
Voltage Ranging
To select a voltage range you move the cursor in the side menu to the voltage range
annunciator and press the SET
SETSET
SET key. From the pull-down menu 30V100V/300V/1000V
select the desired range with the cursor. Press SET
SETSET
SET to activate the range and return to
the side menu. The inverse M to the right of the voltage range annunciator indicates
manual ranging for the voltage inputs. For auto range selection proceed as described in
“Auto Ranging
Auto RangingAuto Ranging
Auto Ranging” above.
NOTE:
NOTE:NOTE:
NOTE: When you are using a three phase Power Analyzer all three channels
are in the same voltage – and current range. If the signal level of one
channel is much below the others you will still achieve good accuracy.
The Power Analyzer exhibits excellent linearity for signal levels from
5 to 130 % of full scale.
5.2.2
5.2.25.2.2
5.2.2 SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION / 2W, 3W-CONFIG.
SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION / 2W, 3W-CONFIG.SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION / 2W, 3W-CONFIG.
SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION / 2W, 3W-CONFIG.
The fourth annunciator from the top of the side menu indicates the selected
measurement signal synchronization. Move the cursor to this position and press SET
SETSET
SET.
The pull-down menu Sync I / Sync U
Sync I / Sync USync I / Sync U
Sync I / Sync U is displayed. Move the cursor to the desired setting
and press SET
SETSET
SET to return to the side menu.
Sync I
Sync ISync I
Sync I: When you select Sync I
Sync ISync I
Sync I the fundamental waveform of current L1 is used. The
calculation of rms-, power-, and harmonic values is synchronized to the fundamental
waveform.
Sync U
Sync USync U
Sync U: When you select Sync U
Sync USync U
Sync U the fundamental waveform of voltage L1 is used. The
calculation of rms-, power-, and harmonic values is synchronized to the fundamental
waveform.
For measurements on frequency inverters
frequency invertersfrequency inverters
frequency inverters we recommend to utilize Sync I
Sync ISync I
Sync I.
3W:
3W:3W:
3W: 3-Wattmeter configuration, averages and sums are computed from phase L1,
L2, and L3.
2W:
2W:2W:
2W: 2-Wattmeter configuration averages and sums are computed from phase L1
and L2.
5.2.3
5.2.35.2.3
5.2.3 SELECTING MEASUREMENT TIME AND SPECIAL
SELECTING MEASUREMENT TIME AND SPECIALSELECTING MEASUREMENT TIME AND SPECIAL
SELECTING MEASUREMENT TIME AND SPECIAL
FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS
The fifth annunciator from the top of the side menu displays the selected minimum
signal acquisition time or the special function peakhold
peakholdpeakhold
peakhold. Move the cursor to this
annunciator and press SET
SETSET
SET. The following pull down menu appears:
>250ms / >500ms / >1s / >2s / peak-hd
Side menu field
(annunciators)
Number field
Graphics field
Bottom-line menu field
Menu keys M1 … M6
Cursor control keys

5-4 5-5
Now move the cursor to the desired time or function and press SET
SETSET
SET to return to the side
menu.
The basic measurement process for measurement times >250ms, …, 2s and for the
special function is described below:
>
>>
>250ms, …, 2s
250ms, …, 2s250ms, …, 2s
250ms, …, 2s: The selected time sets the duration of signal data acquisition for one
measurement interval. The measurement is synchronized to the zero crossing of either
current (Sync I), or voltage (Sync U).
Measurements are thus taken over full periods and result in stable readings for signal
frequencies down to 2Hz. In case the selected time interval has expired but the signal
period has not reached its end the measurement time is extended to the end of the
signal period.
In the selected measurement time all raw data in a three phase system are collected,
and are made available for display or for data transfer to a PC via interface. This
process runs continuously.
Peak-
Peak-Peak-
Peak-hd:
hd:hd:
hd: This function selects >500ms measurement time and stores the
maximum of current and voltage since measurement start.
A manual Reset function is provided. Move the cursor to the display of Amax or Vmax.
Key M5
M5M5
M5 becomes the Reset key for Amax and Vmax.
5.2.4
5.2.45.2.4
5.2.4 SELECTING VARIOUS DISPLAY MODES
SELECTING VARIOUS DISPLAY MODESSELECTING VARIOUS DISPLAY MODES
SELECTING VARIOUS DISPLAY MODES
Move the cursor to the sixth annunciator in the side menu and press SET
SETSET
SET. The pull-
down menu VIEW L1 / VIEW L2 / VIEW L3 / VIEWSUM / VIEWALL
VIEW L1 / VIEW L2 / VIEW L3 / VIEWSUM / VIEWALLVIEW L1 / VIEW L2 / VIEW L3 / VIEWSUM / VIEWALL
VIEW L1 / VIEW L2 / VIEW L3 / VIEWSUM / VIEWALL presents five
choices of possible display modes (available on 3-phase Power Analyzers only).
The VIEW
VIEWVIEW
VIEW L1/L2/L3
L1/L2/L3L1/L2/L3
L1/L2/L3-display-modes display numeric values in large size numbers
combined with graphics of the selected phase.
The VIEWSUM
VIEWSUMVIEWSUM
VIEWSUM-display-mode displays numeric values in large size numbers with
graphics selectable from phase L1, L2, or L3. For power and associated values the total
and for voltage- and current values the average of the 3-phase system is displayed (see
section 3 for definitions).
The VIEWALL
VIEWALLVIEWALL
VIEWALL-display-mode displays up to 40 numeric values of the 3-phase system.
The screen is split in four columns for L1-, L2-, L3-, and sum values. In this display
mode no graphics area is available.
5.2.5
5.2.55.2.5
5.2.5 SELECTING THE GRAPHICS IN THE VIEWSUM-
SELECTING THE GRAPHICS IN THE VIEWSUM-SELECTING THE GRAPHICS IN THE VIEWSUM-
SELECTING THE GRAPHICS IN THE VIEWSUM-
DISPLAY-MODE
DISPLAY-MODEDISPLAY-MODE
DISPLAY-MODE
If you have selected the VIEWSUM
VIEWSUMVIEWSUM
VIEWSUM-display-mode (section 5.3.6) you can select in the
graphics area data from phase L1, L2, or L3. An annunciator indicates the display mode
in the side menu (seventh from top). Move the cursor to this position and press SET
SETSET
SET; the
pull-down menu GRAPHL1 / GRAPHL2 / GRAPHL3
GRAPHL1 / GRAPHL2 / GRAPHL3GRAPHL1 / GRAPHL2 / GRAPHL3
GRAPHL1 / GRAPHL2 / GRAPHL3 appears from which you can select
graphics from L1, L2, or L3.
5.3
5.35.3
5.3 OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE BOTTOM LINE
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE BOTTOM LINEOPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE BOTTOM LINE
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE BOTTOM LINE
MENUS
MENUSMENUS
MENUS
This section describes the use of the main menu. The main menu is displayed when the
cursor is placed in the side menu or in one of the numeric fields. The keys M1, M2, M3,
M1, M2, M3,M1, M2, M3,
M1, M2, M3,
M4, M5, M6
M4, M5, M6M4, M5, M6
M4, M5, M6 are used to select a function. Pressing a key pointing to an empty menu
field has no effect.
5.3.1
5.3.15.3.1
5.3.1 MAIN MENUS
MAIN MENUSMAIN MENUS
MAIN MENUS
Keys M1
M1M1
M1 through M6
M6M6
M6 select the main menus |
|||HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD |
|||AC+DC
AC+DCAC+DC
AC+DC |
|||
|
|||
|
|||VIEW
VIEWVIEW
VIEW |
|||
|
|||.
..
. The
menu |
|||AC+DC
AC+DCAC+DC
AC+DC|
|||is only present when the cursor is in the numeric display field pointing at
a quantity that can have a DC component.
5.3.2
5.3.25.3.2
5.3.2 MAIN MENU
MAIN MENUMAIN MENU
MAIN MENU <
<<
<HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD>
>>
>
Press key M1
M1M1
M1 to enter the display hold state. The HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD annunciator at left bottom
indicates it. Numeric values and graphics are held while the measurement process goes
on. This is particularly useful for the energy measurement.
Press key M1
M1M1
M1 again to return to the RUN
RUNRUN
RUN state.
5.3.3
5.3.35.3.3
5.3.3 MAIN MENU
MAIN MENUMAIN MENU
MAIN MENU <
<<
<AC+DC
AC+DCAC+DC
AC+DC>
>>
>
The menu |
|||AC+DC
AC+DCAC+DC
AC+DC|
|||is selected by M2
M2M2
M2 and is used to include or exclude DC components
in a measured quantity. RMS- and power values offer the choice of AC- or AC+DC-
coupling. Therefore, move the cursor to an RMS- or power value in the numeric field to
activate the AC+DC
AC+DCAC+DC
AC+DC menu. Simultaneously, a status indicator AC or DC above the
current deflection bar graph indicates whether the value includes DC components or
not. Key M2
M2M2
M2 toggles the status indicator AC/DC. This way DC components can
individually be included or not.

5-6 5-7
NOTE:
NOTE:NOTE:
NOTE: Selecting a value to include DC it will be included in phase L1, L2, and
L3.
5.3.4
5.3.45.3.4
5.3.4 MAIN MENU
MAIN MENUMAIN MENU
MAIN MENU <
<<
<VIEW
VIEWVIEW
VIEW>
>>
>
The menu VIEW
VIEWVIEW
VIEW lets you change the graphics in the graphics area of the display. Press
key M5
M5M5
M5 to display the sub-menu |
|||ESC
ESCESC
ESC |
|||
FFTi
FFTiFFTi
FFTi |
|||
FFTu
FFTuFFTu
FFTu |
|||
|
|||
i (t)
i (t)i (t)
i (t) |
|||u (t)
u (t)u (t)
u (t) |. The bar graphs
FFTi, and FFTu of current and voltage, and the waveforms i (t), and u (t) of current and
voltage are available. Press one of the keys M2, M3, M5, or M6
M2, M3, M5, or M6M2, M3, M5, or M6
M2, M3, M5, or M6 to select the desired
graphics; with key M1
M1M1
M1 you return to the main menu.
The number of harmonics displayed in the bar graph depends on the fundamental
frequency range of the signal as shown in the table below.
Fundamental frequency Harmonics Waveform
4Hz-400Hz
400Hz-3kHz
3kHz-13kHz
20
8
1
1 period
8 periods
5.4
5.45.4
5.4 OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE NUMERIC
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE NUMERICOPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE NUMERIC
OPERATIONS CONTROLLED BY THE NUMERIC
DISPLAY FIELD
DISPLAY FIELDDISPLAY FIELD
DISPLAY FIELD
This section describes how you can place measurement functions in the numeric fields
and how you select associated parameters.
5.4.1
5.4.15.4.1
5.4.1 THE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION SELECTION TABLE
THE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION SELECTION TABLETHE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION SELECTION TABLE
THE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION SELECTION TABLE
This is how you can visualize the measurement function table. Move the cursor away
from the side menu to one of the numeric display fields, say field 0 and press SET
SETSET
SET. The
measurement function selection table is presented from which you can choose a new
function to be displayed in field 0 (remember field 0 is at top left) and field 9 at bottom
right).
Current RMS Max FFT
Voltage RMS Max FFT
Power Activ VAapp PFact
Energy Active VAapp Time
Measurement Function Selection Table
Measurement Function Selection TableMeasurement Function Selection Table
Measurement Function Selection Table
Please refer to section 3 for definitions of the measurement functions. With the cursor
you can reach any position in the function selection table.
This implies that in the display fields 0 to 5 any measurement function can be displayed.
Simply move the cursor to the desired position in the function selection table, press SET
SETSET
SET
to return to the main display. The cursor sits now on the revised display field displaying
the selected measurement function. In a last step you can now modify the attributes
associated with the selected measurement function. The attributes such as AC, AC+DC,
h01, are displayed in the side menu and can be modified by means of a bottom line
menu. These procedures are described in sections 5.4.2 through 5.4.7.
5.4.2
5.4.25.4.2
5.4.2 SELECTING RMS-VALUES
SELECTING RMS-VALUESSELECTING RMS-VALUES
SELECTING RMS-VALUES
RMS values apply to phase currents and phase voltages. An rms value contains DC-
components if you set the attribute to DC, or it contains AC components only if you set
the attribute to AC. RMS values always contain all harmonics within the frequency range
of the instrument. It is acceptable to display the rms value in one display field with DC-
component and in another without DC-component. To achieve this move the cursor to
the desired display field and press SET
SETSET
SET. The function selection table is presented. Move
the cursor to RMS
RMSRMS
RMS and press SET
SETSET
SET again to return to the main display. The cursor points
to the revised display field. The annunciator DC or AC in the side menu can be toggled
with menu key M2
M2M2
M2 (menu AC+DC) to the required coupling (including or excluding DC
component).
NOTE:
NOTE:NOTE:
NOTE: In the VIEWALL-display mode, display field 0 corresponds to
display line 0 and display field 5 corresponds to display line 5.

5-8 5-9
5.4.3
5.4.35.4.3
5.4.3 SELECTING MIN AND MAX
SELECTING MIN AND MAXSELECTING MIN AND MAX
SELECTING MIN AND MAX
Min, Max apply to phase currents and phase voltages. All values are DC-coupled and
therefore have the DC attribute only.
To select one of these quantities move the cursor to the display field, press SET
SETSET
SET and
now move the cursor in the measurement function selection table to the required
function. To finish press SET
SETSET
SET and return to the main display mode. The DC attribute is
shown in the side menu.
5.4.4
5.4.45.4.4
5.4.4 SELECTING POWER VALUES
SELECTING POWER VALUESSELECTING POWER VALUES
SELECTING POWER VALUES
Power values are: active power (or just power) and apparent power. The values include
harmonics of the whole spectrum up to 50kHz and more.
DC components can be accounted for when selecting the DC attribute (AC+DC-
coupled).
Selecting the AC attribute DC components of the power values is disregarded.
The procedure for displaying power values is the same as described for rms values.
5.4.5
5.4.55.4.5
5.4.5 SELECTING AND RESETTING ENERGY VALUES AND
SELECTING AND RESETTING ENERGY VALUES ANDSELECTING AND RESETTING ENERGY VALUES AND
SELECTING AND RESETTING ENERGY VALUES AND
TIME
TIMETIME
TIME
The two energy values, active energy and apparent energy, are the summation of power
and apparent power over time. Values for every phase and their total are determined
from start (after reset) to the end of measurement. The summation goes on even when
the display is in HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD. In addition to energy values you can also display elapsed time in
hours since Reset.
To start an energy measurement you probably want to reset the energy values and
time. For this purpose move the cursor to an energy value or time and press menu key
M5
M5M5
M5 (RESET) to start energy computation.
5.4.6
5.4.65.4.6
5.4.6 SELECTING POWE
SELECTING POWESELECTING POWE
SELECTING POWER FACTOR (PF)
R FACTOR (PF)R FACTOR (PF)
R FACTOR (PF)
The power factor is displayed by selecting PFact
PFactPFact
PFact in the measurement function selection
table. The power factor is the ratio of power divided by apparent power. In many
situations using modern power electronics the power factor appears to be too small.
Why?
Power electronics most often generates a more or less sinusoidal current using a train
of voltage pulses. The broadband rms voltage is larger than an equivalent sinusoidal
voltage that would cause the same current to flow. As a consequence apparent power
increases in case of the pulsed voltage and power factor decreases.
5.4.7
5.4.75.4.7
5.4.7 SELECTING FFT
SELECTING FFTSELECTING FFT
SELECTING FFT VALUES, HARMONICS 1-20
VALUES, HARMONICS 1-20VALUES, HARMONICS 1-20
VALUES, HARMONICS 1-20
FFT-values (Fast Fourrier Transform) are available for 3 phase currents and 3 phase
voltages. All values are computed simultaneously. You can display up to 30 FFT values
if you select the VIEWALL
VIEWALLVIEWALL
VIEWALL display mode.
Let us display harmonics 1, 3, and 5 of current in display fields 0, 1, and 2. Move the
cursor to display field 0 and press SET
SETSET
SET. From the measurement function selection table
select FFT of current and press SET once more to return to the main display. Because
the cursor points to display field 0 the attribute h01 of the FFT-value is shown in the side
menu. The bottom line menu 

HOLD
HOLDHOLD
HOLD 

N-10
N-10N-10
N-10 

N-1
N-1N-1
N-1 

N+1
N+1N+1
N+1 

N+10
N+10N+10
N+10 




lets you
increment or decrement the harmonic number by 1 or by 10. Let us place harmonic h01
in display field 0. Similarly, we place harmonic 3 in display field 1, this time we
increment the harmonic number to h03 using the bottom line menu. Finally, we place
harmonic number 5 in display field 2 and increment the harmonic attribute to h05. The
fundamental of current and voltage are important quantities when working with inverters.
Range of fundamental frequency 4Hz-380Hz: available Harmonics 0-20
Range of fundamental frequency 380 Hz- 3kHz: available Harmonics 0-7
Range of fundamental frequency 3kHz- 10kHz: available Harmonics 0-1

6-1 6-2
6.
6.6.
6. OPERATING THE POW
OPERATING THE POWOPERATING THE POW
OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE
ER ANALYZER USING THEER ANALYZER USING THE
ER ANALYZER USING THE
COMPUTER INTERFACE
COMPUTER INTERFACECOMPUTER INTERFACE
COMPUTER INTERFACE
6.1
6.16.1
6.1 INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
The Power Analyzer can be operated from a host by sending commands to it through a
computer interface on the rear panel.
Section 6 describes how to set up, configure, and operate the Power Analyzer via the
RS-232.
6.2
6.26.2
6.2 LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS
LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONSLOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS
LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS
When the Power Analyzer is operated from a host then it is operated „remotely“, when
operated from its front panel the Power Analyzer is operated „locally“.
The Power Analyzer is no longer controllable from the front panel when via interface the
Local Lockout
Local LockoutLocal Lockout
Local Lockout state has been enabled.
6.3
6.36.3
6.3 RS-232 COMPUTER INTERFACE
RS-232 COMPUTER INTERFACERS-232 COMPUTER INTERFACE
RS-232 COMPUTER INTERFACE
Your Power Analyzer can be equipped with RS-232 interface.
You can operate several instruments in parallel if you install the required number of RS-
232 ports on your computer.
6.4
6.46.4
6.4 INTERFACE PARAMETERS
INTERFACE PARAMETERSINTERFACE PARAMETERS
INTERFACE PARAMETERS
The Power Analyzer sets the parameters at startup to the following values:
Baud: 9600
Parity: None
Terminator: CR
Handshake: None
IEEE-address: n/a
In order for the Power Analyzer and the host to communicate through the interface the
communication parameters of the Power Analyzer must match those of the host.
6.5
6.56.5
6.5 CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST
CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOSTCABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST
CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST
Turn Power Analyzer off. When cabling is complete turn power on again.
The RS-232 interface on the Power Analyzer rear panel uses a DB-9 connector. Its pin
out is given below.
The RS-232 cable length should be less than 15m to make sure not to exceed the
allowable (2000pF) cable capacitance.
NOTE:
NOTE:NOTE:
NOTE: Use a standard one-to-one connected RS-232 interface cable to
connect PC and Power Analyzer (RxD and .TxD are not
crossed).
6.6
6.66.6
6.6 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT
HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUTHOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT
HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT
The Power Analyzer processes and executes valid input strings sent by the host. A
CR/LF
CR/LFCR/LF
CR/LF (carriage return/line feed) terminates an input string.
When the Power Analyzer receives input, it stores it in a 32 byte input buffer. As soon
as the input terminators have been recognized the data in the buffer are processed.
The Power Analyzer accepts upper and lower case characters. If a command cannot be
understood, or it was longer than 32 characters, which cannot be the case for correct
commands, the command will be ignored and an error will be generated.
6.6.1
6.6.16.6.1
6.6.1 INPUT TERMINATOR
INPUT TERMINATORINPUT TERMINATOR
INPUT TERMINATOR
An input terminator is a character or command sent by the host identifying the end of a
string. Any of these terminators will be recognized as „end of message“.
Valid terminators for the RS-232 interface are:
CR
CRCR
CR (Carriage Return), LF
LFLF
LF (Line Feed)
CRLF
CRLFCRLF
CRLF (Carriage Return / Line Feed), and
LFCR
LFCRLFCR
LFCR (Line Feed / Carriage Return)
1 DCD Data Carrier Detect
2 RxD Received Data
3 TxD Transmitted Data
4 DTR Data Terminal Ready
5 Grd Signal Ground
6 DSR Data Set Ready
7 RTS Request To Send
8 CTS Clear To Send
9 RNG Ring
5
9
1
6

6-3 6-4
6.6.2
6.6.26.6.2
6.6.2 SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER
SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZERSENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER
SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER
Command
CommandCommand
Command Action
ActionAction
Action
VOLT:RMS:AC 1 AC-coupled rms voltage is displayed in display field
1 (fields are: 0 = top left, 1 = top right ... 9). The
minimum required characters (upper case) are used.
voltage:rms:ac? Query form. To this command the Power Analyzer
outputs (in scientific format) an alphanumeric string
of the ac-coupled rms voltage. The maximum
allowable characters in lower case are used.
CURR:FFT? Query form. The Power Analyzer returns the
harmonics of current in the range specified by the
FORMAT:START/END command.
Commands can be sent in upper or lower case characters. The upper case letters in the
command set table are the minimal string to be sent, the lower case letters are optional.
No space is allowed except for the selector at the end of a command where a space is
mandatory.
RULE 1:
RULE 1:RULE 1:
RULE 1: A terminator must close every command. The maximum length must not
exceed 32 characters.
Rule 1 implies that sending a batch file to the Power Analyzer consisting of several
commands requires a delay of up to 200ms between the commands.
This delay is particularly needed at start-up. When configuring the instrument, e.g.,
current range, voltage range, measurement time, and configuring the display. If you
send these commands without delays most likely only part of the commands are
executed.
In the normal measurement process you send a query and wait for the response. You
send the next query only if you have received data. Therefore, a delay is not required.
RULE 2:
RULE 2:RULE 2:
RULE 2: Read Power Analyzer’s output only once for each query command.
The output buffer is cleared after it has been read. This prevents
previously read data from being read a second time by mistake. A device
dependent error is generated. (Query commands are identified by the „?“
at its end).
RULE 3:
RULE 3:RULE 3:
RULE 3: Read query responses before sending another command string.
If you send a query without removing the old message from the query before the old
message gets lost. A device dependent error is generated.
6.6.3
6.6.36.6.3
6.6.3 HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUT
HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUTHOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUT
HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUT
When the host sends a query command the Power Analyzer places an alphanumeric
string into the output buffer. In case of the RS-232 interface, data are transmitted right
away and are terminated with the set terminators (see RS232: Terminator command).
The output from the Power Analyzer can be measurement data in scientific format. This
can be a single string or, for a range of harmonics, 2 to 63 strings.
6.6.4
6.6.46.6.4
6.6.4 OPTIMIZING SP
OPTIMIZING SPOPTIMIZING SP
OPTIMIZING SPEED FOR DATA TRANSFER
EED FOR DATA TRANSFEREED FOR DATA TRANSFER
EED FOR DATA TRANSFER
The Power Analyzer is optimized for continuous data acquisition. Servicing the RS-232
interface has second priority.
For all Power Analyzer operating modes the standard Baud rate of 9600 Baud is used.
For 3-phase Power Analyzers a special command is available to read all 3 phases
values using one query. Once you have sent FORM:PH ALL the 3-phase Power
Once you have sent FORM:PH ALL the 3-phase PowerOnce you have sent FORM:PH ALL the 3-phase Power
Once you have sent FORM:PH ALL the 3-phase Power
Analyzer will always return 3 values to every query, phase L1 value first, L2 value
Analyzer will always return 3 values to every query, phase L1 value first, L2 valueAnalyzer will always return 3 values to every query, phase L1 value first, L2 value
Analyzer will always return 3 values to every query, phase L1 value first, L2 value
second, and L3 value third.
second, and L3 value third.second, and L3 value third.
second, and L3 value third.
Query
QueryQuery
Query Examples
ExamplesExamples
Examples Explanation
ExplanationExplanation
Explanation
VOLT:RMS? + 1.0238e+01 Measured voltage 10.238V
POW:ACT? - 1.8351e+00 Measured power -1.8351W
CURR:RMS? + 5.8975e-03 Measured current 5.8975mA
FORM:START 1
FORM:END 5 Harmonic currents n = 1 to 5.
CURR:FFT? + 9.0000e+00
+ 0.0000e+00
+ 3.0000e+00
+ 0.0000e+00
+ 1.8000e+00

6-5 6-6
6.7
6.76.7
6.7 OPERATI
OPERATIOPERATI
OPERATING SEVERAL INSTRUMENTS ON RS-232
NG SEVERAL INSTRUMENTS ON RS-232NG SEVERAL INSTRUMENTS ON RS-232
NG SEVERAL INSTRUMENTS ON RS-232
FROM ONE COMPUTER
FROM ONE COMPUTERFROM ONE COMPUTER
FROM ONE COMPUTER
Sometimes it is desirable to control more than one instrument from the same computer.
To do this you must have additional RS-232 ports available or you must install additional
RS-232 ports.
You have now several options: either you write your own operating software using one
of the available design software implementing as many RS-232 as needed, or, if you
use more than one Power Analyzer, open windows for all Power Analyzers and operate
them in parallel.
6.7.1
6.7.16.7.1
6.7.1 STATUS REGISTER DEFINITION
STATUS REGISTER DEFINITIONSTATUS REGISTER DEFINITION
STATUS REGISTER DEFINITION
Power ON
User ReQuest (not used)
CoMmand Error
Execution Error
Device Dependant Error
Query Error (not used)
ReQuest Control (not used)
Operation complete
ESR *ESR?
(Event Status Read only
Register)
& & & & & & & & Logical AND
ESE *ESE [0-255]
(Event Status *ESE?
Enable Read and
Register) write
6.8
6.86.8
6.8 COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET
COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SETCOMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET
COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET
The following table lists the RS-232 commands. A parameter that must be supplied by
the user is enclosed in angle brackets <parameter>. Commands can be sent in upper
case or lower case.
The following conventions are used:
<F>= Field selector; it is an integer 0 to 5 used to select the display field on which a
value must be displayed. Field 0 is top left, 1 is top right, ... field 5 is 3rd line
right.
<N>= Signed integer number, e.g. +1024.
Query commands are terminated with „?“ and do not contain a <parameter>.
That part of the command that is written in capital letters is mandatory. The lower case
letters are optional. We suggest to use the minimum number of characters required.
*** Command only available on three phase instrument.
PON URQ CME EXE DDE QYE RQC OPC
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PON URQ CME EXE DDE QYE RQC OPC
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

6-7 6-8
COMMAND
COMMANDCOMMAND
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
VOLTage:RMS
VOLTage:RMSVOLTage:RMS
VOLTage:RMS <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field for DC coupled RMS voltage
:AC
:AC:AC
:AC <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>
Query or set field for AC coupled RMS voltage
:MAX
:MAX:MAX
:MAX <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field for positive peak voltage
:FFT
:FFT:FFT
:FFT <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>
Set the field (0,1,...,5) for voltage harmonic
previously selected by the FORMat:START
command.
:FFT?
:FFT?:FFT?
:FFT? Query all voltage harmonics in the range specified
by the FORMat:STart and FORMat:END
commands.
CURRent:RMS
CURRent:RMSCURRent:RMS
CURRent:RMS <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field for DC coupled RMS current
:AC
:AC:AC
:AC <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field for AC coupled RMS current
:FFT
:FFT:FFT
:FFT <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Set the field (0,1,...,5) for current harmonic
previously selected by the FORMat:START
command.
:FFT?
:FFT?:FFT?
:FFT? Query all current harmonics in the range specified
by the FORMat:START and FORMat:END
commands.
POWer:ACTive
POWer:ACTivePOWer:ACTive
POWer:ACTive <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field DC coupled power in Watt.
:AC
:AC:AC
:AC <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field AC coupled power in Watt.
:
::
:APParent
APParentAPParent
APParent <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field DC coupled apparent power.
:AC
:AC:AC
:AC <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field AC coupled apparent power.
:
::
:FACtor
FACtorFACtor
FACtor <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set the field for the DC coupled power factor
:AC
:AC:AC
:AC <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set the field for the AC coupled power factor
ENergy:ACTive
ENergy:ACTiveENergy:ACTive
ENergy:ACTive <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field of energy (long time integration)
:
::
:APParent
APParentAPParent
APParent <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field of apparent energy (long time
integration)
:RESET
:RESET:RESET
:RESET No query form, resets all energy values
TIME
TIMETIME
TIME <
<<
<F
FF
F>
>>
>Query or set field of elapsed time since last Reset.
ACQuire:RANge:VOLTage
ACQuire:RANge:VOLTageACQuire:RANge:VOLTage
ACQuire:RANge:VOLTage Auto
30 Query or set voltage range.
100 Examples:
300 ACQ:RAN:VOLT AUTO Voltage in autoranging.
1000 ACQ:RAN:VOLT 300 Selects 300V range.
ACQuire:RANge:CURRent
ACQuire:RANge:CURRentACQuire:RANge:CURRent
ACQuire:RANge:CURRent Auto Query or set current input range
600M
2
6
20
60
:
::
:SYNChro
SYNChroSYNChro
SYNChro VOLTage Query or set instrument synchronization mode,
CURRent Synchronizes to phase 1.
:
::
:APERture
APERtureAPERture
APERture 250M Query or set minimal averaging time, or special
500M measurement function peak-hold.
1
2
peak-hd Example: ACQ:APER peak-hd
:Hold
:Hold:Hold
:Hold Run Query or set acquisition subsystem.
Stop Display data are held.
:
::
:QUality?
QUality?QUality?
QUality? Query overload and underload of current and
voltage inputs. An integer is returned. The integer
indicates the state during the previous query
(VOLT:,CURR:,POW:,EN:). For more details refer to
overload and underload register definition.
DISplay:Mode? ***
DISplay:Mode? ***DISplay:Mode? ***
DISplay:Mode? *** Query or select display mode. View L1, View L2,
L1 View L3, View Sum, and View ALL.
L2
L3
SUM
ALL
FORMat:START
FORMat:STARTFORMat:START
FORMat:START <
<<
<N
NN
N>
>>
>Query or set the range for data array transfer
:END
:END:END
:END <
<<
<N
NN
N>
>>
>Range of N for harmonic values is 1 to 20.
FORMat:PHase? ***
FORMat:PHase? ***FORMat:PHase? ***
FORMat:PHase? *** Query or select phase for data transfers such as:
L1 VOLT:RMS?
L2
L3 If ALL is selected 3 values (phase L1 first) are re-
ALL turned to a query such as VOLT:RMS? ALL has to
be sent once only.
VERsion?
VERsion?VERsion?
VERsion? Query form only. Returns software version
LOCk
LOCkLOCk
LOCk Locks the instrument’s front panel controls. The
query form returns YES or NO whether the controls
are locked or not.
UNLock
UNLockUNLock
UNLock Unlock the instrument front panel controls.
RS232?
RS232?RS232?
RS232? Query form only, returns all settings. Output format
is BAUD;PARITY;TERM;HAND
RS232:BAUD
RS232:BAUDRS232:BAUD
RS232:BAUD 9600 Query or set baud rate
:PARITY
:PARITY:PARITY
:PARITY None Query or set parity mode
Even
Odd

6-9 6-10
:
::
:TERMinator
TERMinatorTERMinator
TERMinator CR Query or set command terminating characters.
LF
CRLf
:
::
:HANDshakes
HANDshakesHANDshakes
HANDshakes None Query or set handshake mode
Xon
*ESE
*ESE*ESE
*ESE [
[[
[0..255
0..2550..255
0..255]
]]
]Query or set the Event Status Enable register
*RST
*RST*RST
*RST Resets instrument
*OPC?
*OPC?*OPC?
*OPC? Returns 1 if no measurement is pending.
*TST?
*TST?*TST?
*TST? Performs self test, returns zero if successful
*WAI
*WAI*WAI
*WAI Suspends command execution until previous commands
are complete.
*IDN?
*IDN?*IDN?
*IDN? Returns identification string in form:<Vendor, Model, Serial-
Number, Firmware version>.
ERRor?
ERRor?ERRor?
ERRor? Query the last error code
ERROR CODES DEFINITIONS:
ERROR CODES DEFINITIONS:ERROR CODES DEFINITIONS:
ERROR CODES DEFINITIONS:
102
102102
102 Syntax Error
Syntax ErrorSyntax Error
Syntax Error
The command was not recognized. ESR bit 5 is set (CoMmand Error)
110
110110
110 Command header error
Command header errorCommand header error
Command header error
A command followed by ‘?’ was sent were no query form is available. And
conversely: no ‘?’ followed a query form only command. ESR bit 5 is set
(CoMmand Error).
111
111111
111 Header separator error
Header separator errorHeader separator error
Header separator error
Attempted to descend the command hierarchy at a place where there wasn’t
any subcommand. ESR bit 5 is set (CoMmand Error).
140
140140
140 Character data error
Character data errorCharacter data error
Character data error
A too long and/or senseless command has been sent to the instrument. ESR
bit 5 is set (CoMmand Error).
222
222222
222 Data Out Of Range
Data Out Of RangeData Out Of Range
Data Out Of Range
The command argument is not allowed. ESR bit 4 is set (EXecution Error).
2204
22042204
2204 Measurement error, Measurement underflow. ESR bit 4 is set (
Measurement error, Measurement underflow. ESR bit 4 is set (Measurement error, Measurement underflow. ESR bit 4 is set (
Measurement error, Measurement underflow. ESR bit 4 is set (EXec. Err.).
EXec. Err.).EXec. Err.).
EXec. Err.).
2207
22072207
2207 Measurement error,
Measurement error,Measurement error,
Measurement error, Measurement overflows. ESR bit 4 is set (
Measurement overflows. ESR bit 4 is set (Measurement overflows. ESR bit 4 is set (
Measurement overflows. ESR bit 4 is set (EXec. Err.)
EXec. Err.)EXec. Err.)
EXec. Err.)
350
350350
350 Queue overflow
Queue overflowQueue overflow
Queue overflow
This occurs if a query command attempts to place a new message onto the
instruments output queue but there was still an old message waiting on the
queue. This results in information loss. ‘350’ replace the query answer and
ESR bit 3 is set (Device Dependant Error).
2200
22002200
2200 Input signal over- and under. One or more current- or voltage inputs were in
over- or under load during the last query (VOLT:,CURR:,POW:,EN:, FREQ:).
ESR bit 4 is set.
Overload and under-load Register Definition
Overload and under-load Register DefinitionOverload and under-load Register Definition
Overload and under-load Register Definition
Voltage overrange
Current overrange
...
......
... 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Current under range
Voltage under range
Current overrange: Current L1, or L2, or L3 is overrange.
Current under range: All 3 currents are under range
Voltage overrange: Voltage L1, or L2, or L3 is overrange.
Voltage under range: All 3 voltages are under range.

7-1 8-1
7.
7.7.
7. THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONSTHE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS
This section describes the capabilities and the use of the available options.
7.1
7.17.1
7.1 OPTION 01: RS-23
OPTION 01: RS-23OPTION 01: RS-23
OPTION 01: RS-232 INTERFACE, AND OPERATING
2 INTERFACE, AND OPERATING2 INTERFACE, AND OPERATING
2 INTERFACE, AND OPERATING
SOFTWARE
SOFTWARESOFTWARE
SOFTWARE
The RS-232 interface on the Power Analyzer rear panel uses a DB-9 connector. The pin
out of the connector is shown below.
Figure 7.1 RS-232 connections for Option 01
7.1.1
7.1.17.1.1
7.1.1 RS-232 INTERFA
RS-232 INTERFARS-232 INTERFA
RS-232 INTERFACE AND OPERATING SOFTWARE
CE AND OPERATING SOFTWARECE AND OPERATING SOFTWARE
CE AND OPERATING SOFTWARE
The standard setting of the RS-232 Interface at Power Analyzer start-up is 9600 Baud
and string terminators CR (carriage return) LF (line feed). Other Baudrates are not
available.
The Windows Operating Software for option 01 contains modules to control the Power
Analyzer, read data, and store data in EXCEL-compatible format. You can choose from
the complete set of measurement quantities and you can select the number of quantities
you want to display.
The software masks for the single phase and the 3-phase Power Analyzer look
essentially the same and also have similar features. The 3-phase masks display three
phase values and their sum or their average whereas the single phase masks read only
one value (value of phase L1) per measurement quantity you selected.
The software installation procedure and the software manual are supplied in a
readme.txt file with your software package. Please consult it for more information.
8.
8.8.
8. POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATIONPOWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
POWER ANALYZER CALIBRATION
8.1
8.18.1
8.1 CALIBRATION CYCLE
CALIBRATION CYCLECALIBRATION CYCLE
CALIBRATION CYCLE
We recommend to verify the Power Analyzer calibration once every year or once every
two years.
8.1.1
8.1.18.1.1
8.1.1 EQUIPMENT NEEDED
EQUIPMENT NEEDEDEQUIPMENT NEEDED
EQUIPMENT NEEDED
A calibrator that will supply voltages 30V-600V and currents 600mA to 2A at 60Hz with
0.02 % accuracy will suffice.
8.1.2
8.1.28.1.2
8.1.2 PREPARING FOR CALIBRATION
PREPARING FOR CALIBRATIONPREPARING FOR CALIBRATION
PREPARING FOR CALIBRATION
STEP 1: Disconnect the power line-cord from Power Analyzer.
STEP 2: Remove the Power Analyzer hood by removing 4 screws on each side
panel.
STEP 3: Lift up the hood of the case.
STEP 4: Remove the red calibration jumper using a pair of pincers or a pair of
pliers (Figure 8.1).
CAUTION: Do not forget to reinstall the calibration jumper when
calibration is done.
STEP 5: Put the hood back in place. Connect the line-cord and turn Power
Analyzer on.
Figure 8.1
Figure 8.1Figure 8.1
Figure 8.1 Position of Calibration Jumper
Position of Calibration JumperPosition of Calibration Jumper
Position of Calibration Jumper
2 RxD Received Data
3 TxD Transmitted Data
5 Grd Signal Ground
1,4,6,7,8,9 Not connected
5
9
1
6
Red calibration jumper
EPROM

8-2 9-1
8.1.3
8.1.38.1.3
8.1.3 VOLTAG
VOLTAGVOLTAG
VOLTAGE CALIBRATION, CURRENT CALIBRATION,
E CALIBRATION, CURRENT CALIBRATION,E CALIBRATION, CURRENT CALIBRATION,
E CALIBRATION, CURRENT CALIBRATION,
CLAMP CALIBRATION
CLAMP CALIBRATIONCLAMP CALIBRATION
CLAMP CALIBRATION
Select voltage synchronization. Select 30V range. Apply 60Hz voltage to the Power
Analyzer voltage inputs.
a) Voltage Calibration
Voltage CalibrationVoltage Calibration
Voltage Calibration, use manual ranging, use 2 seconds measuring time
Select 30V range
Select 100V range
Select 300V range
Select 1000V range
Apply 30V/60Hz
Apply 100V/60Hz
Apply 300V/60Hz
Apply 600V/60Hz
Press M1
Press M1
Press M1
Press M1
b) Current Calibration
Current CalibrationCurrent Calibration
Current Calibration, use manual ranging, use 2 seconds measuring time
Select 600mA range, select current synchronization
Select 600mA range
Select 2A range
Select 6A range
Select 20A range
Select 60A range
Apply 600mA/60Hz
Apply 2A/60Hz
Apply 2A/60Hz
Apply 2A/60Hz
Apply 2A/60Hz
Press M2
Press M2
Press M2
Press M2
Press M2
c) Terminate Calibration
The calibration steps described in a) and b) determine the required internal constants.
You must store these constants by pressing key M3
M3M3
M3. Having done this, turn the Power
Analyzer off and disconnect all cables connected to it.
Remove the hood and reinstall the calibration jumper
reinstall the calibration jumperreinstall the calibration jumper
reinstall the calibration jumper. Install hood and 4 screws on
each side of the hood.
9.
9.9.
9. LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE
LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREELOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE
LOAD CONNECTION BOX, SINGLE PHASE, THREE
PHASE
PHASEPHASE
PHASE
I1
I1I1
I1
Voltage
Common
V1
V1V1
V1
L1
L1L1
L1
Earth
EarthEarth
Earth
N
NN
N
Connector to
Connector toConnector to
Connector to
wall receptacle
wall receptaclewall receptacle
wall receptacle
International single
International singleInternational single
International single
phase receptable
phase receptablephase receptable
phase receptable Your country specific single
Your country specific singleYour country specific single
Your country specific single
phase receptacle to connect
phase receptacle to connectphase receptacle to connect
phase receptacle to connect
your load under test
your load under testyour load under test
your load under test
red
redred
red black
blackblack
black blue
blueblue
blue
Single Phase Power Analyzer
Single Phase Power AnalyzerSingle Phase Power Analyzer
Single Phase Power Analyzer
Load connection box with cover.
Load connection box with cover.Load connection box with cover.
Load connection box with cover.
Mount your country specific receptacle in the cover.
Mount your country specific receptacle in the cover.Mount your country specific receptacle in the cover.
Mount your country specific receptacle in the cover.
red: Supplied 32A red cable with safety plug
red: Supplied 32A red cable with safety plugred: Supplied 32A red cable with safety plug
red: Supplied 32A red cable with safety plug
black:
black:black:
black: Supplied 32A black cable with safety plug
Supplied 32A black cable with safety plugSupplied 32A black cable with safety plug
Supplied 32A black cable with safety plug
blue:
blue:blue:
blue: Supplied 32A blue cable with safety plug
Supplied 32A blue cable with safety plugSupplied 32A blue cable with safety plug
Supplied 32A blue cable with safety plug
N
NN
N
Earth
EarthEarth
Earth

9-2 9-3
I3
I3I3
I3
I1
I1I1
I1
I2
I2I2
I2
Voltage
Common
V3
V3V3
V3
V2
V2V2
V2
V1
V1V1
V1
L3
L3L3
L3
L2
L2L2
L2
L1
L1L1
L1
N
NN
N
Earth
EarthEarth
Earth
Your country specific three
Your country specific threeYour country specific three
Your country specific three
phase receptacle to connect
phase receptacle to connectphase receptacle to connect
phase receptacle to connect
your load under test
your load under testyour load under test
your load under test
5 pole connecting cable
5 pole connecting cable5 pole connecting cable
5 pole connecting cable
to your country specific
to your country specificto your country specific
to your country specific
three phase connector
three phase connectorthree phase connector
three phase connector
L1'
L1'L1'
L1'
L2'
L2'L2'
L2' L3'
L3'L3'
L3'
N'
N'N'
N'
L3 red
L3 redL3 red L3 red
L2 red
L2 redL2 red L2 red
L1 red
L1 redL1 red L1 red
black
blackblack black
L2' blue
L2' blueL2' blue L2' blue
L1' blue
L1' blueL1' blue L1' blue
L3' blue
L3' blueL3' blue L3' blue
Three Phase Power Analyzer
Three Phase Power AnalyzerThree Phase Power Analyzer
Three Phase Power Analyzer
Load connection box with cover.
Load connection box with cover.Load connection box with cover.
Load connection box with cover.
Mount your country specific 3-phase receptacle in the cover.
Mount your country specific 3-phase receptacle in the cover.Mount your country specific 3-phase receptacle in the cover.
Mount your country specific 3-phase receptacle in the cover.