IXIA IxWLAN User manual

IxWLAN™User Guide
Release 6.20
Part No. 913-0073-03 Rev A
May 2007

ii IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
Copyright © 2007 Ixia. All rights reserved.
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Part No. 913-0073-03 Rev A
May 14, 2007
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IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 iii
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Introduction to IxWLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Packaging Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
WPA/RSN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
System Needs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
Hardware Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
General Usage Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-12
Feature Key Dependent Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
Chapter 2 Installation
Attaching the Antennas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

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iv IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
Connecting Directly to a Command PC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Connecting Through an Ethernet Hub or Switch . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Connecting to the Serial Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Chapter 3 First Setup
Using the Ethernet Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Using the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Chapter 4 The Web-Based User Interface
Startup and Login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Choosing and Creating a Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Using the Main Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
vSTA Side Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
IxWLAN Side Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-40
Monitors Side Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55
Event Log Side Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63
Reports Side Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66
Configuration Side Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-71
Menus and Tool Bars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 v
Table of Contents
Chapter 5 The Command Line Interface (CLI)
CLI Usage Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
User Login. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
User Logoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4
CLI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4
System Under Test Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7
Virtual Station Setup and Control Commands. . . . . . . . . . .5-14
Statistics File Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-52
Event Log Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-54
IxWLAN Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-59
802.11b/g Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-87
Administrative Mode Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-91
Example Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-98
CLI Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-115
Chapter 6 The Programming Interface (Perl)
Chapter 7 Statistics Counters
Individual Virtual Station Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1
Summary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7

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vi IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
wport Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting
Login Name and/or Password Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Using a Third-Party Load Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Chassis Installation and LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Web-Based User Interface Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Missing Key File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Recovering a Corrupted Firmware File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Configuration Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Appendix A Specifications
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Appendix B Event Logging
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Event Record Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
CLI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
The Web-Based User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 vii
Table of Contents
Appendix C Software Updates
Using the Web-Based User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1
Using the CLI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-3
Appendix D Cable Pin Assignments
Standard Ethernet Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-1
Ethernet Crossover Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-2
RJ-45 Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-2
Serial Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-3
Appendix E Error and Status Messages
IxWLAN or Virtual Station Control Messages . . . . . . . . . . . .E-1
WLAN Driver Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-5
MAC Layer Management Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-6
Standard 802.11 WLAN Reason Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-7
Standard 802.11 WLAN Status Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-8
Appendix F Additional Copyright and Trademark Notices
Appendix G Regulatory Information
Radio Frequency Interference Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1
FCC Declarations of Conformity and Warning . . . . . . . . . . G-1

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viii IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
RF Exposure Needs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-2
EU Declarations of Conformity (Europe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-2
Glossary
Index

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 1-1
1Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter covers the following topics:
•Introduction to IxWLAN on page 1-1.
•Packaging Checklist on page 1-3.
•Features on page 1-4.
•WPA/RSN on page 1-6.
•Files on page 1-8.
•System Needs on page 1-10.
•Hardware Characteristics on page 1-10.
•General Usage Notes on page 1-12.
•Feature Key Dependent Parameters on page 1-13.
Introduction to IxWLAN
IxWLAN is a test and measurement device that emulates up to 128 wireless sta-
tions in an IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN environment. It operates in accordance
with the IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, and IEEE 802.11g specifications. IxW-
LAN is offered in the following configurations:
•IxWLAN SED 11a/b/g – Supports IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g,
depending on regulatory certifications.
•IxWLAN SED-MR+ 11a/b/g – Supports IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, and
802.11g.
Both configurations include the IEEE 802.11i and WiFi Protected Access (WPA)
security features.
IxWLAN can be used to reduce the number of PCs and station NIC cards that are
needed to test and stage 802.11 products and wireless LANs in terms of packet

Introduction
Introduction to IxWLAN
1-2 IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
1
performance and number-of-stations capacity. It allows a user to fine-tune sys-
tem parameters to maximize performance during testing.
The differences between IxWLAN and other IP load generators can be summa-
rized as follows:
•IP-based Load Generators are per-station devices that do not reduce the num-
ber of PCs and station NIC cards. You can configure only one IP per station
and then send traffic.
•IxWLAN allows all stations to be emulated on a single platform and radio
chipset, thus reducing the cost and complexity of multiple PCs.
IxWLAN creates Virtual Stations (vSTAs) and generates or passes traffic that
loads and stress tests Wireless LAN and 802.11 products in terms of:
•Frame performance
•Number-of-stations capacity
•Scalability
•WLAN optimization
Because a single physical 802.11a/b/g emulator emulates multiple vSTAs, it
reduces the number of PC and station NIC cards that are needed to test and stage
802.11 products and wireless LANs.
As of 6.20 version, IxWLAN is supported by two chassis, the IxWLAN SED and
the IxWLAN SED-MR+.
IxWLAN SED Figure 1-1 shows the IxWLAN SED chassis.
Figure 1-1. IxWLAN SED Chassis
External Traffic
Generator port
Serial port
Management port
Activity LED Status LED
Power LED

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 1-3
Introduction
Packaging Checklist
IxWLAN SED-MR+ Figure 1-2 shows the IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis.
Figure 1-2. IxWLAN SED-MR+ Chassis
Packaging Checklist
Your shipping container must include the following items:
•Chassis (IxWLAN SED or SED-MR+)
•Power cord for the IxWLAN SED or SED-MR+ chassis
•Crossover cable
•Serial cable
•Detachable multiband antennas (2 for the IxWLAN SED and 3 for the SED-
MR+ chassis)
•Data sheet
•Specifications
•Release Notes
•Warranty card
•End User License Agreement
•Installation CD-ROM, which includes this User Guide and the IxWLAN
SDK.
If any of these items is not included in your shipping container, contact Ixia Cus-
tomer Support.

Introduction
Features
1-4 IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
1
Features
•Supports IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g
•Supports 802.11h Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) and Transmit Power
Control (TPC)
•The IxWLAN SED chassis emulates up to 64 concurrent virtual stations,
while the IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis supports up to 128 virtual stations.
•Interaction with virtual stations in real time
•Configuration and monitoring of virtual stations
•Externally forwards load from a third-party traffic generator to a System
Under Test
•For the external mode, frames can be captured based on the source 802.3
MAC address (Layer 2) or the source IP address (Layer 3).
•Event Log and performance statistics data
•vSTA support: 802.11 Authentication, Association, De-authentication, Disas-
sociation, Reassociation.
•The system supports Open-System, Shared-Key WEP, WPA, and 802.11i
(RSN) security, including 802.11i Pre-Authentication.
•The system supports 802.11i PMKSA caching and re-use.
•The system supports fast RADIUS reconnection in vSTAs configured for
WPA and RSN authentication types.
•The system allows for each vSTA to be configured with a unique SSID, to
transmit 802.11 Probe Request frames and to receive directed 802.11 Probe
Response frames. This allows users to configure vSTAs to exercise an AP’s
WLAN-to-VLAN code using a single IxWLAN chassis.
•Virtual stations may independently roam between APs comprising an ESS
wireless network.
•ICMP Echo Request/Reply (Ping)
•Security per vSTA (Table 1-1)
Table 1-1. Authentication
Authentication Cipher Security Configuration Additional Security
Configuration
Open-System WEP Up to 4 Shared Static Keys for
authentication and data
Shared-Key WEP Up to 4 Shared Static Keys for
authentication and data
WPA TKIP or AES-CCM EAP Algorithm: TLS, TTLS, or
PEAP User ID/Client Certificate File. For TTLS/PEAP, Inner Algorithm (MS-
CHAPv2, EAP-MS-CHAPv2),
Outer ID, and Password.

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 1-5
Introduction
Features
•Persistent connection to the System Under Test
•DHCP Client: vSTAs can have IP addresses dynamically assigned from a
DHCP server on the network rather than a fixed, configured IP address.
•Command Line Interface and Web-Based User Interface
•Telnet and Serial Port access to the CLI
•Automatically configure and run multiple virtual stations using the CLI
•The Web-Based User Interface supports the following:
•Real-time graphs of test results for each virtual station, and for the system
as a whole
•Export of event log and statistics data
•Scenario scheduling to bring vSTAs online in a time-appointed manner
•User-defined virtual station groups based on end user needs
•Multiple types of reports
•The ability to save test scenario files in order to repeat a test
•Configuration and monitoring of virtual stations include: copy, paste, print,
add, and delete virtual stations
•The ability to select a System Under Test
•The ability to set up groups and select individual virtual stations to run
through the 802.11 state machine
WPA TKIP or AES-CCM EAP Algorithm: TLS, TTLS, or
PEAP User ID/Client Certificate File. For TTLS/PEAP, Inner Algorithm (MS-
CHAPv2, EAP-MS-CHAPv2),
Outer ID, and Password.
WPA-PSK TKIP or AES-CCM Pre-Shared Key or Passphrase
RSN TKIP or AES-CCM EAP Algorithm: TLS, TTLS, or
PEAP User ID/Client Certificate File. For TTLS/PEAP, Inner Algorithm (MS-
CHAPv2, EAP-MS-CHAPv2),
Outer ID, and Password.
RSN-PSK TKIP or AES-CCM Pre-Shared Key or Passphrase
Table 1-1. Authentication (Continued)
Authentication Cipher Security Configuration Additional Security
Configuration

Introduction
WPA/RSN
1-6 IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
1
WPA/RSN
This section covers the following topics:
•Introduction to WPA/RSN on page 1-6.
•EAP Algorithms on page 1-7.
•Certificate Files on page 1-7.
•Key Hierarchy and Configuration on page 1-7.
•Protocol Conformance Testing on page 1-8.
Introduction to
WPA/RSN Individual virtual stations can be configured with WPA or RSN authentication. A
vSTA can be configured to use either PSK or full 802.1X/EAP authentication.
RSN does the strong security of IEEE 802.11i.
The strength of WPA/RSN comes from an integrated sequence of operations that
encompass 802.1X/EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and
encryption techniques.
The IxWLAN implementation of WPA/RSN provides the following major opera-
tions:
•Network security capability determination – This occurs at the 802.11 level
and it is communicated through the WPA/RSN information elements in Bea-
con, Probe Response, and (Re) Association Requests. The information in
these elements includes the authentication method (802.1X or PSK) and the
preferred cipher suite (WEP, TKIP, or AES-CCM).
•Authentication – For full implementation of WPA/RSN, EAP over 802.1X is
used for authentication. Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP
type supporting this feature. 802.1X port access control prevents full access
to the network until authentication completes. In the case of WPA-PSK or
RSN-PSK, mutual authentication between peers (that is, a virtual station and
the System Under Test) is achieved through the 4-Way AKMP handshake
during which possession and liveness of the correct PSK is confirmed.
•Pre-Authentication – IxWLAN also supports pre-authentication, defined in
the 802.11i specification as a means of speeding up the roaming process by
authenticating with the server before the roam. The pre-authentication is
independent of the roam and may be performed with multiple APs.
•PMKSA Catching – IxWLAN supports PMKSA catching, defined in the
802.11i specification. PMKSA is the context resulting from a successful
IEEE 802.1X authentication exchange between a given vSTA and the
Authentication Server.
•Key management – The WPA and RSN feature gives a robust key generation/
management system that integrates the authentication and data privacy func-
tions. The keys are generated after successful authentication and through a
subsequent 4-way handshake between the station and System Under Test.

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 1-7
Introduction
WPA/RSN
802.1X EAPOL-Key packets are used by WPA and RSN to negotiate and derive
pairwise keys used to protect unicast traffic. Group key handshake is used to
deliver the group key to each virtual station for protecting multicast and broad-
cast class 3 data frames.
•Data Privacy (Encryption) – TKIP or AES-CCM (that is, CCMP) is used to
replace WEP with more sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques.
•Data integrity – TKIP adds a MIC at the end of each plain-text message
(MSDU) to ensure that the messages are not being spoofed or replayed. With
AES-CCM, the MIC is added to each transmitted MPDU.
EAP Algorithms Virtual stations that are configured for WPA or RSN authentication can be con-
figured to use the TLS, TTLS, or PEAP EAP algorithms. For TLS, a certificate
file and user ID must be specified. The certificate file and user ID are optional for
TTLS and PEAP. Additional parameters that may be configured for TTLS and
PEAP include: inner algorithm, outer identify, and password. For TTLS and
PEAP, authentication proceeds in two stages: Phase 1 (outer) and Phase 2 (inner).
The outer identity is used in Phase 1 authentication. The password and inner
algorithm are used in Phase 2 authentication. The inner algorithm is normally
MS-CHAPv2 for TTLS and EAP-MS-CHAPv2 for PEAP.
Certificate Files When using full WPA or RSN (802.1X), valid certificates must be imported into
IxWLAN using either the CLI import command or the Available Certificates
dialog in the web-based user interface.
Key Hierarchy and
Configuration WPA and RSN use a PMK that is used in derivation of transient keys for encryp-
tion and HMAC functions. The IxWLAN WPA/RSN feature supports two core
key hierarchies that are defined by the standard:
•Pairwise key hierarchy – The pairwise keys used to protect unicast traffic.
PTK derived from the PMK.
•Group key hierarchy – To protect multicast traffic. GTK derived from the
GMK.
For full WPA or RSN mode, the PMK is negotiated between the vSTA and an
authentication server in a sequence of EAPOL exchanges through the System
Under Test. For WPA-PSK or RSN-PSK mode, the PSK (if defined) is used as
the PMK. The PSK is manually configured in the vSTA and the System Under
Test.
IxWLAN 5.0 Limitation – The WPA Specification needs a PSK for each SSID.
IxWLAN now supports a single (global) SSID.
•IxWLAN supports a PSK per vSTA.
•The PSK can be defined using hex notation (64 hex digits) or an ASCII pass-
phrase. The ASCII passphrase is converted to a valid 256 bit key.
NOTE: IxWLAN imports only certificate files that are in the PKCS#12 format
and have been exported with their private key, without strong private key
encryption.

Introduction
Files
1-8 IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20
1
The 4-way handshake (obtain/install PTK) is processed as follows:
•EAPOL-Key Message exchange (four messages)
•Verify that a live peer holds the PMK.
•Verify that the PMK is current.
•Obtain a fresh PTK from the PMK.
•Install the Pairwise encryption and integrity keys into IEEE 802.11.
•Confirm the installation of the keys.
The Group Key Handshake (obtain/install Group Transient Key) is processed
using an EAPOL-Key Message exchange (two messages).
Protocol
Conformance
Testing
When configured with WPA/RSN, IxWLAN tests the following:
•802.1X Authentication when configured for full WPA/RSN
•802.11i Pre-authentication when configured for full RSN
•PMKSA catching results from a successful IEEE 802.1X authentication
exchange between a given vSTA and Authentication Server
•802.1X Key Management: vSTA/System Under Test 4-way handshake
(EAPOL-Key messages), Group Key Handshake (EAPOL-Key messages)
•TKIP or AES-CCM (CCMP): Data encryption (unicast and multicast)
•WPA or RSN Information Element Conformity: presence in beacons, probe
responses; correct AKM suite selector encoding and correct cipher suite
selector encoding
Files
The IxWLAN SED and the IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis have a 256MB “disk-
on-a-chip” flash. Excluding boot and firmware images, this allows for 225 MB of
file system space to be used for event logging, certificate files, and scenario files.
Table 1-2 lists the directories and files that are maintained in the IxWLAN flash
file system.
Table 1-2. Directories and Files Maintained in the Flash File System
Directory Files Description
/ (root) IxWLAN Configuration
(config), ixwlan.sys,
keyfile
•config file:The IxWLAN configuration file (config) stores information
settings that can be defined using the CLI or the web-based user
interface. A backup version (.bak) of this file is also maintained in the
unlikely event that the original might become corrupted. IxWLAN
loads from this file at power-up/initialization time. It contains basic
configuration information.
•ixwlan.sys: The ixwlan.sys file is the IxWLAN software image file.

IxWLAN User Guide, Release 6.20 1-9
Introduction
Files
•keyfile: The keyfile is a reserved file that contains the IxWLAN
authorization code. It is a hidden file and is shown only in the direc-
tory list in the CLI administrative mode. Do not delete this file or try to
access or modify it. The system needs it.
/Cache Encapsulated
certificate file
passwords
When a certificate file is imported into IxWLAN, a password is needed.
This password is encrypted and stored in IxWLAN in the /Cache
directory. Note that this directory is visible only in the CLI administrative
mode.
/Certificates Available Certificate
files Contains available certificate files that have been imported from the command PC. This directory is available only if the keyfile enables WPA/
RSN.
/Logs Log Files When event logging to a file is enabled, the log files in this directory
store records of all IxWLAN activities, with a timestamp indicating when
the activity occurred.
/Scenarios Scenario files After IxWLAN is configured, you may create test scenarios that contain
virtual station definitions that are organized into groups. This information
is stored in scenario files. The scenario files are created and used by the
web-based user interface. The CLI does not create or use scenario files.
These files are created when you select Save Scenario to Flash in the
web-based user interface.
/Statistics VirtualStationStatistics
Files (for example,
Vsta#Stats.dat,
VstaMasterStats.dat,
VstaAllSumm.dat)
Statistics files contain statistics of a test (scenario) run. When a test is
complete, a statistics file can be written in the flash file system for each
virtual station involved in the test. The Reports section of the web-based
user interface can be used to show the contents of these files.
Table 1-2. Directories and Files Maintained in the Flash File System (Continued)
Directory Files Description

Introduction
System Needs
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1
System Needs
•A PC with an available serial port or 10/100 Ethernet port that can be used to
send commands to IxWLAN
•If the web-based user interface is used, the command PC must be equipped
with:
•Microsoft Windows 2000/XP
•Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6.0 or higher
•Recommended Memory: 256 MB
•Recommended Virtual Memory: 300 MB
•Recommended Processor Speed: PIII 700 MHz.
•One of the following ActiveX objects: Msxml2.XMLHTTP or
Microsoft.XMLHTTP. If either of these objects is not found, an alert mes-
sage displays: “FATAL ERROR: Error creating ActiveX object
XMLHTTP”.
Hardware Characteristics
This subsection provides specific information about the ports, LEDs, connectors,
and antennas of the two available chassis, IxWLAN SED, and IxWLAN SED-
MR+.
Ports and
Connectors Both chassis have an Ethernet connector, a serial connector, and a power connec-
tor.
•Ethernet Connectors:
The IxWLAN SED and IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis have two Ethernet
ports, a 10/100 Gigbit port and a 10/100/1000 Gigbit port, as described in
Table 1-3.
The Mgmt. Port (Management Port) is used for managing IxWLAN via the GUI,
Telnet, or SDK (running over Telnet) or for downloading the ixwlan.sys image.
All IxWLAN IP address commands (get/set ipaddr, get/set ipmask, get/set
gateway) apply only to the Management Port.
The Ext. Traffic Generator port (External Traffic Generator port) is used exclu-
sively for the attachment of traffic generators (IxChariot, IxLoad, and so on) and
has no associated IP stack/address.
Table 1-3. IxWLAN SED/SED-MR+ Ethernet Ports
Front Panel Label System DeviceName:unit Speed
Mgmt. Port fei:0 10/100
Ext. Traffic Generator gei:0 10/100/1000

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Introduction
Hardware Characteristics
•Serial Connector – This connector is used to connect a command PC to IxW-
LAN. The configuration of the serial port is: 115,200 b/s, 8 data bits, no par-
ity, 1 stop bit, and no flow control.
•Power Connector – The IxWLAN SED/SED-MR+ chassis uses a standard 3-
prong, 110 VAC power cable.
IxWLAN SED/SED-MR+ can attach directly to 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX
(twisted-pair) Ethernet LAN hubs or segments or a PC. All this must conform to
the IEEE 802.3 specification.
LEDs On each of the two chassis, the LEDs are laid out differently, also working differ-
ently depending on the chassis.
IxWLAN SED
The IxWLAN SED chassis has two LEDs associated with the WLAN or Radio, a
separate power LED, and two LEDs for each Ethernet port (that is, four in all).
One WLAN LED indicates WLAN traffic (send/receive), while the others indi-
cate network status — solid on — radio is on, slow blink — IxWLAN is scan-
ning, fast blink (per received beacon) — IxWLAN is joined with an AP.
Each Ethernet port has two LEDs: a yellow LED to indicate Link State/Link
Activity, and a green LED to indicate speed, as described in Table 1-4.
Table 1-4. IxWLAN SED LEDs
Front Panel
Label Yellow LED Green LED Description
Mgmt Port Steady
ON Link established
Flashing Active Data Transfer
Steady
OFF 10BaseT
Steady
ON 100BaseT
External
Traffic
Generator
Steady
ON Link established
Flashing Active Data Transfer
Steady
OFF 1000BaseT
Steady
ON 10/100BaseT

Introduction
General Usage Notes
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IXWLAN SED-MR+
The IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis has two LEDs associated with each WLAN
port (wport) or Radio (that is, six LEDs in all).
During power-up, the left LED blinks briefly, while the right LED goes off solid.
After booting, the left LED turns on solid, while the right LED turns off solid.
In the idle state (in which no wports are joined and there is no activity), the left
LED turns solid on, while the right one goes off solid.
In the joined state (in which the wport has joined with an AP), both LEDs blink
briefly, yet faster than while power-up. To show network activity (from a joined
state), both LEDs blink proportional with the tx/rx bit rates.
Radio
Characteristics IxWLAN conforms to the IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g specifications. In
the 802.11a mode, it operates in the 5GHz UNII band. Data is transmitted over a
half-duplex radio channel, operating at up to 54 Mb/s using OFDM. In the
802.11b mode, IxWLAN operates in the 2.4 GHz band and sends data at up to 11
Mb/s. In the 802.11g mode, IxWLAN operates in the 2.4 GHz band, using
OFDM at rates of up to 54 Mb/s.
Antennas The IxWLAN SED chassis provides two antennas, one each for the 802.11 b/g
mode and 802.11a mode. On the IxWLAN SED-MR+ chassis, there is a single
antenna for each of the 3 independent wports, each handling 802.11b/g, as well
as 802.11a mode.The antennas can be swiveled 180 degrees and angled up or
down to optimize signal gain.
Please note that the antennas are shipped separately and need to be attached to
the chassis. For more details about the installation, please refer to Chapter 2,
Installation.
General Usage Notes
1. Intermixing of CLI, Web-Based User Interface, and SDK operations is not
supported.
2. You can access IxWLAN using the serial port or an Ethernet connection. For
a serial port connection, the serial port must be configured as follows: 115200
baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control. For an Ethernet con-
nection, the IxWLAN default IP address is 192.168.0.50. To establish first
communications between the command PC and IxWLAN using an Ethernet
connection, you must set your PC's IP address and network mask to match
this default address (for example, IP address: 192.168.0.2, Netmask:
255.255.255.0). After you establish communications using the default IP
address, you can change the IxWLAN and your command PC address to
match the addressing scheme used in your network.
3. IxWLAN can operate in the 802.11a, 802.11b, or 802.11g wireless mode. The
IxWLAN wireless mode affects the devices that you can select as a System
Under Test. For example, an IxWLAN that is operating in the 802.11a wire-