Javad LGG100-GG User manual

© Copyright Javad Navigation Systems, Inc.
February, 2007
All contents in this manual are copyrighted by JNS. All rights reserved.
The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied,
stored, displayed, sold, modified, published, or distributed, or otherwise
reproduced without express written consent from JNS.
LGG100-GG
Operator’s Manual

www.javad.com

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Terms and Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
FCC Class B Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Canadian Emissions Labeling Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . .12
WEEE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Manual Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Screen Captures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Principles of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
GPS and GLONASS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Calculating Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
GNSS Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Receiver Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
LGG100-GG Accessory Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Getting to Know Your LGG100-GG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Internal Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
GNSS Receiver Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
External Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Top panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Option Authorization File (OAF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Chapter 2. Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Powering the LGG100-GG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Power supply requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Turning On/Off the LGG100-GG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Connecting the LGG100-GG and a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Establishing a PCView Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
LGG100-GG Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
MinPad Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Collecting Almanacs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Chapter 3. Setup and Measuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
LGG100-GG Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
DGPS Measuring with the LGG100-GG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Setting up a DGPS Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Setting up a DGPS Rover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Chapter 4. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Using MinPad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Power Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Status LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
FN Key and Record LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Information Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Extended Information Mode (EIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Downloading Files to a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Deleting Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Managing Receiver Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Checking an OAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Loading OAFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Clearing the NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Using MinPad to Clear NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Using PCView to Clear NVRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Checking Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Loading New Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Chapter 5. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Things to Check First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Receiver Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Obtaining Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
E-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Creating Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
General Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
GNSS Board Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Connector Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

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Power Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Serial RS-232C Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
GPS /GLONASS External Antenna RF Connector . . . . .86
Event and 1PPS (Timing) Connectors (Optional) . . . . . .87
Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Safety Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
General Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Usage Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Appendix D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Warranty Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 7
LIST OF FIGURES 3
LGG100-GG Receiver ................................................. 16
LGG100-GG Top Panel ............................................... 22
LGG100-GG Front Panel ............................................. 22
LGG100-GG Back Panel .............................................. 23
PCView Main Window ................................................ 28
RS-232 Connection Parameters .................................... 28
PCView Connection Established .................................. 29
Configuration->Receiver .............................................. 30
Receiver Configuration ................................................ 30
Receiver Configuration – MinPad Tab ........................ 31
Advanced Configuration – Multipath Reduction ......... 32
LGG100-GG’s MinPad ................................................ 33
Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking ....... 34
Configuration->Receiver .............................................. 34
Receiver Configuration – MinPad Tab ........................ 35
MarAnt+ Antenna Offset Measurements ..................... 43
Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking ....... 45
Configuration->Receiver .............................................. 46
Receiver Configuration – Positioning .......................... 46
Base Tab Configuration ................................................ 47
Base Configuration – Ports ........................................... 48
Port output setup ........................................................... 48
Rover Tab Configuration .............................................. 50
Rover Configuration – Ports ......................................... 51
LGG100-GG MinPad ................................................... 54
Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking ....... 59
File->File Manager ....................................................... 60
Find Files to Download ................................................ 60
Download Files ............................................................. 61

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LIST OF FIGURES
3
Download Files – Status Indicators .............................. 61
Delete Files ................................................................... 62
Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking ....... 63
Tools->Receiver Options ............................................. 64
Option Manager ............................................................ 65
Load OAF ..................................................................... 66
Tools->Clear NVRAM ................................................. 67
Help->About ................................................................. 68
About PCView ............................................................. 68
Floader Main Screen .................................................... 69
Set Device Type ........................................................... 70
Program Tab Settings ................................................... 70
Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking ....... 77
File->Manual Mode ...................................................... 78
Power Connector .......................................................... 85
RS-232C Connector ..................................................... 86

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 9
PREFACE 0
Thank you for purchasing LGG100-GG. The materials available in this Opera-
tor’s Manual (the “Manual”) have been prepared by Javad Navigation Systems,
Inc. (“JNS”) for owners of JNS products. It is designed to assist owners with the
use of the LGG100-GG and its use is subject to these terms and conditions (the
“Terms and Conditions”).
Notice: Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.
Terms and Conditions
PROFESSIONAL USE – JNS receivers are designed to be used by a profes-
sional. The user is expected to have a good knowledge and understanding of the
user and safety instructions before operating, inspecting or adjusting. Always
wear the required protectors (safety shoes, helmet, etc.) when operating the
receiver.
COPYRIGHT – All information contained in this Manual is the intellectual
property of, and copyrighted material of JNS. All rights are reserved. You may
not use, access, copy, store, display, create derivative works of, sell, modify,
publish, distribute, or allow any third party access to, any graphics, content,
information or data in this Manual without JNS' express written consent and
may only use such information for the care and operation of your LGG100-GG.
The information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of JNS and are
developed by the expenditure of considerable work, time and money, and are
the result of original selection, coordination and arrangement by JNS.
TRADEMARKS – LGG100-GG™, JNS®and Javad Navigation Systems™
are trademarks or registered trademarks of JNS. Windows® is a registered
trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Product and company names mentioned
herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.

10 LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual www.javad.com
PREFACE
Terms and Conditions
0
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY – EXCEPT FOR ANY WARRANTIES IN
THIS MANUAL OR A WARRANTY CARD ACCOMPANYING THE
PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE LGG100-GG ARE PROVIDED “AS-
IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES. JNS DISCLAIMS ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY
PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. JNS AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL
NOT BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR OMIS-
SIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING,
PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL OR THE LGG100-GG.
SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO
LOSS OF TIME, LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF PROFIT,
SAVINGS OR REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT'S USE. IN ADDI-
TION, JNS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR
COSTS INCURRED IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING SUBSTITUTE
PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE, CLAIMS BY OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE,
OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY EVENT, JNS SHALL HAVE NO LIA-
BILITY FOR DAMAGES OR OTHERWISE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER
PERSON OR ENTITY IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE
LGG100-GG.
LICENSE AGREEMENT – Use of any computer programs or software sup-
plied by JNS or downloaded from a JNS website (the “Software”) in connection
with the LGG100-GG constitutes acceptance of these Terms and Conditions in
this Manual and an agreement to abide by these Terms and Conditions. The user
is granted a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to use such Soft-
ware under the terms stated herein and in any case only with a single LGG100-
GG or single computer. You may not assign or transfer the Software or this
license without the express written consent of JNS. This license is effective until
terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying the Soft-
ware and Manual. JNS may terminate the license if you fail to comply with any
of the Terms or Conditions. You agree to destroy the Software and manual upon
termination of your use of the LGG100-GG. All ownership, copyright and other
intellectual property rights in and to the Software belong to JNS. If these license
terms are not acceptable, return any unused software and manual.
CONFIDENTIALITY – This Manual, its contents and the Software (collec-
tively, the “Confidential Information”) are the confidential and proprietary
information of JNS. You agree to treat JNS’ Confidential Information with a
degree of care no less stringent that the degree of care you would use in safe-
guarding your own most valuable trade secrets. Nothing in this paragraph shall

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 11
PREFACE
Regulatory Information
restrict you from disclosing Confidential Information to your employees as may
be necessary or appropriate to operate or care for the LGG100-GG. Such
employees must also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the
event you become legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential Infor-
mation, you shall give JNS immediate notice so that it may seek a protective
order or other appropriate remedy.
WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS – No statement contained at the JNS
website (or any other website) or in any other advertisements or JNS literature
or made by an employee or independent contractor of JNS modifies these Terms
and Conditions (including the Software license, warranty and limitation of lia-
bility).
SAFETY – Improper use of the LGG100-GG can lead to injury to persons or
property and/or malfunction of the product. The LGG100-GG should only be
repaired by authorized JNS warranty service centers. Users should review and
heed the safety warnings in “Safety Warnings” on page 89.
MISCELLANEOUS – The above Terms and Conditions may be amended,
modified, superseded, or canceled, at any time by JNS. The above Terms and
Conditions will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of
the State of California, without reference to conflict of laws.
Regulatory Information
The following sections provide information on this product's compliance with
government regulations.
FCC Class B Compliance
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interfer-
ence that may cause undesired operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in residential installa-
tions. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy,
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harm-

12 LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual www.javad.com
PREFACE
Regulatory Information
0
ful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television equipment recep-
tion, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following mea-
sures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Move the equipment away from the receiver.
• Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to
which the receiver is powered.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for
additional suggestions.
Any changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by
the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate
such equipment.
Canadian Emissions Labeling Requirements
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interfer-
ence-Causing Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Réglement
sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 13
PREFACE
WEEE Directive
WEEE Directive
Following information is for EU-member states only:
The use of the symbol indicates that this product may not be treated as house-
hold waste. By ensuring this product is disposed of correctly, you will help pre-
vent potential negative consequences for the environment and human health,
which could otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste handling of this prod-
uct. For more detailed information about the take-back and recycling of this
product, please contact your supplier where you purchased the product or con-
sult.
Manual Conventions
This manual uses the following text conventions:
Example Description
Satellites This format represents titles of dialog windows/boxes,
names of menu options.
Internal This format identifies program interface objects, such as
check boxes, edit boxes, radio buttons, etc.
Ctrl+V This format is used to specify keys and key combinations.
Temp This format is used to enter various string information (e.g.,
file and directory names) as well as operator commands.
Tip: Supplementary information that can help you to
configure, maintain, or set up a system.
Notice: Supplementary information that can have an affect on system operation,
system performance, measurements, or personal safety.

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PREFACE
Screen Captures
0
C AUTION : Notification that an action has the potential to adversely affect
system operation, system performance, data integrity, or per-
sonal health.
Warning: Notification that an action will result in system damage, loss of data, loss of
warranty, or personal injury.
D ANGER : UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THIS ACTION BE
PERFORMED.
Screen Captures
This manual includes sample screen captures. Your actual screen can look
slightly different from the sample screen due to the receiver you have con-
nected, operating system used and settings you have specified. This is normal
and not a cause for concern.

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 15
INTRODUCTION 1
This chapter provides an overview of the LGG100-GG, including its features
and physical elements. In addition, a brief description of the principals of GPS
operation is presented.
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Principles of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Receiver Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
LGG100-GG Accessory Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Getting to Know Your LGG100-GG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Option Authorization File (OAF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

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INTRODUCTION
Overview
1
Overview
Javad Navigation System's LGG100-GG is a single frequency, GNSS receiver
built to be advanced and compact receiver for LGG100-GG for following mar-
kets: navigation, aviation, timing, oil platform positioning, land, air and sea
transportation, personal location and tracking, highway navigation and guidance
etc. Figure 1-1).
Figure 1-1. LGG100-GG Receiver
LGG100-GG is a multi-function, multipurpose 50 channels single frequency
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver with raw data and position
solution output rate up to 100 times. LGG100-GG processes radio signals from
both the GPS (Global Positioning Systems) satellites of the United States, and
the GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) of the Russian
Federation.
LGG100-GG can track simultaneously up to 25 GPS/GLONASS and SBAS sat-
ellites. Operation frequency for GPS/SBAS is 1575.4200 MHZ and operation
frequency range for GLONASS is 1602.5625…1615.5000 MHz.
LGG100-GG is a receiver intended for following markets: navigation, aviation,
timing, oil platform positioning, land, air and sea transportation, personal loca-
tion and tracking, highway navigation and guidance etc.
LGG100-GG receiver is suitable for time synchronization (Timing) and Posi-
tion Determination (Location) services in accordance with the both the 3GPP
and 3GPP2 specifications.
The Improved Timing mode for static receiver allows using of LGG100-GG as
an external high-precision timer synchronizing the PPS (Timing) and event sig-
nals to the global time scales with the highest possible accuracy and precision.

www.javad.com LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual 17
INTRODUCTION
Principles of Operation
Principles of Operation
The measuring with the right GPS receiver can provide users accurate and pre-
cise positioning, a requirement for any measuring project.
This section gives an overview of GPS and receiver functions to help you
understand and apply GPS principles, allowing you to get the most out of your
receiver.
GPS and GLONASS Overview
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based, line-of-sight radio nav-
igation system run by the United States Department of Defense (DoD). This sys-
tem offers a global, all weather, 24-hour positioning, velocity, and time service to
any user equipped with a GPS tracking receiver, who is on or near the Earth’s
surface. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is the Russian Fed-
eration Ministry of Defense counterpart to GPS. At any one time, with a standard
15 degree angle, up to 10 or 12 GPS satellites are visible from any point on earth.
When a receiver can also track GLONASS satellites, between 10 and 16 satellites
are visible. For information on the current status of the GPS constellation, visit
http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/ or http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/.
For GLONASS, visit http://www.glonass-ianc.rsa.ru.
Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of these systems,
both GPS and GLONASS have three essential components:
• Space – GPS and GLONASS satellites orbiting approximately 12000
land miles above Earth and are equipped with a clock and radio. These
satellites broadcast digital information (ephemerides, almanacs, time
frequency corrections, etc.).
• Control – Ground stations located around the Earth that monitor the sat-
ellites and upload data, including clock corrections and new ephemeri-
des (satellite positions as a function of time), to ensure the satellites
transmit data properly.
• User – The community and military that use GPS/GLONASS receivers
and the corresponding satellites to calculate positions.
Calculating Positions
Once the receiver locks on to a satellite, it starts recording measurements and
receiving various digital information (ephemeris, almanac, and so on) the satel-
lites broadcast. To calculate a position, receivers use the following formula:
Velocity x Time = Distance

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INTRODUCTION
Principles of Operation
1
Where Velocity is the speed at which radio waves travel (i.e., the speed of light)
and
Time is the difference between the signal transmission time and signal recep-
tion time.
To calculate absolute 3-D positions – latitude, longitude, altitude – the receiver
must lock on to four satellites. In a mixed, GPS and GLONASS scenario, receiver
must lock onto at least five satellites to obtain an absolute position.
To provide fault tolerance using only GPS or only GLONASS, the receiver must
lock onto a fifth satellite. Six satellites will provide fault tolerance in mixed sce-
narios. Usually, the number of GPS and GLONASS satellites in view does not
exceed twenty (20).
Once locked on to a satellite, the receiver collects ephemerides and almanacs,
saving this information to its NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM).
• GPS and GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris data cyclically, with
a period of 30 seconds.
• GPS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically with a period of 12.5
minutes;
• GLONASS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically with a period of
2.5 minutes.
GNSS Positioning
Achieving quality position results requires the following three elements:
• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position depends upon the number, signal
integrity, and placement (also known as Dilution of Precision, or DOP)
of satellites.
–Differential GPS (DGPS) strongly mitigates atmospheric and orbital
errors.
–The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower the DOP
number, providing more accurate positioning.
• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation of
valid positions. The more visible satellites available, the more valid and
accurate the position. Natural and man-made objects can block, inter-
rupt, and weaken signals, lowering the number of available satellites.
• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater integrity,
increasing accuracy. Several factors combine to provide fault tolerance,
including:
–Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) detects faulty
GPS and GLONASS satellites and removes them from the position
calculation.

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INTRODUCTION
Receiver Overview
–Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) and European
Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) creates and
transmits DGPS correction messages.
–Four or more visible satellites for only GPS or only GLONASS; five
or more satellites for mixed scenarios.
–Current ephemerides and almanacs.
–Several algorithms to detect and correct faulty information.
Conclusion
GNSS users can use JNS GNSS receivers to collect data from a network of satel-
lites and control stations to triangulate precise points anywhere on Earth. This
overview simply outlines the basics of GPS and GLONASS positioning.
For more detailed information, visit the JNS website http://www.javad.com.
Receiver Overview
When power is turned on and the receiver self-test completes, the receiver’s 50
channels initialize and begin tracking visible GNSS satellites. Each of the
receiver’s channels can be used to track C/A-L1 and Carrier signals. The num-
ber of channels available allows the receiver to track all visible satellites at any
time and location.
Once the signal is locked in the channel, it is demodulated and necessary signal
parameters (carrier and code phases) are measured. In addition, broadcast navi-
gation data are retrieved from the navigation frame.
After the receiver locks on to four or more satellites, it is possible to solve the
so-called “absolute positioning problem” and compute the receiver’s coordi-
nates (in WGS-84 or another datum) and time. All this information can be
downloaded through the port onto a computer and processed using a post-pro-
cessing software package.
Depending on your options, capabilities of the receiver include:
• Multipath reduction
• Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) and European Geostationary
Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS)
• Differential GPS (DGPS) measuring modes
• Setting different mask angles
• Setting different measuring parameters

20 LGG100-GG Operator’s Manual www.javad.com
INTRODUCTION
LGG100-GG Accessory Kit
1
LGG100-GG Accessory Kit
Unpack the kit contents and check all the items thoroughly. If any item included
is damaged or missing, get in touch with your dealer as quickly as possible. The
contents of the standard accessory kit contain:
•Cables
•Software
• Literature
Cables
Standard LGG100-GG accessories include the following cables:
Receiver-to-computer RS232 serial cable – connects
the receiver’s serial port and an external device
(hand-held controller or computer)
Receiver-to-SAE power cable – connects the
receiver’s power port and the power supply’s SAE
connector or the extension cable’s SAE connector
SAE-to-SAE cable extension – connects SAE con-
nectors over longer distances
Software
Standard LGG100-GG software includes:
• PCView Lite– controller software that can run on a Windows®-based
computer. Please refer to the PCView Software Manual for detailed
information on this software.
Software and software manuals are also available on the JNS website (http://
www.javad.com).
The following software will also be useful for operating, caring for and using
your LGG100-GG receiver, and may be required for some applications.