JBL 5233 Manual

ProfessionalSeries
Installationand
ServiceManual
ElectronicFrequency
DividingNetworks
5233SingleChannel
5234DualChannel

OWNER'S INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING—
Topreventfireorshockhazard,donotexposethisapplianceto
rainormoisture.
JBLcontinuallyengagesinresearchrelatedtoproductimprovement.
Newmaterials,productionmethodsanddesignrefinementsareintro-
ducedintoexistingproductswithoutnoticeasa routineexpressionof
thatphilosophy.Forthisreason,anycurrentJBLproductmaydifferin
somerespectfromitspublisheddescriptionbutwillalwaysequalor
exceedtheoriginaldesignspecificationsunlessotherwisestated.
Specifications
Gain0 dBinthepassband
RatedOutput6.2V (+18dBref.0.775V)
DistortionLessthan0.5%THD,20-20,000Hz
atratedoutput
Lessthan0.2%THD,20-20,000Hz
at+10dBref.0.775V
FrequencyResponse±0.5dB,20-20,000Hz
CrossoverFrequencySelectablebyplug-inmodule,
3dBcrossoverpoint±10%
FilterSlope12dBor18dBperoctave
InputImpedance-.Greaterthan50kfl
LoadImpedance600O orgreater
OutputImpedance47fi
ChannelIsolationGreaterthan60dB,20-20,000Hz
Signal/NoiseRatioGreaterthan90dB,20-20,000Hz
equivalentbandwidth
ControlsHighFrequencyLevel(eachchannel)
SupplyVoltageSelect
PowerRequirement5 W 120/240V AC,50/60Hz
OperatingTemperatureUpto55°C(132°F)
Dimensions44mmx 483mmx 194mmdeep
1% x 19x 7%indeep
:Mounting1 EIAstandardrackspace
PanelFinishSemi-glossnon-glarebakedenamel,
darkgray
NetWeight1.8kg(4lb)eitherunitwith
accessorycrossovercard(s)installed.
ShippingWeight3.0kg(6.5lb)eitherunit
:Accessories
CrossoverCards51-5130BlankCard,Unloaded18dB/Octave
I(onerequired51-5132500Hz18dB/Octave
perchannel)51-5133800Hz18dB/Octave
52-5120BlankCard,Unloaded12dB/Octave
52-5140For4343and4350StudioMonitors

Owner'sInstructions
The5233and5234aredesignedforusewithstudio
monitororsoundreinforcementloudspeakersystemswhere
bi-amplificationortri-amplificationisdesirable.The5233
[singlechannel]and5234(dualchannel)featuredifferential
highimpedanceinputs,unitygaininthepassband,and
unbalancedlowimpedanceoutputs.The5233willprovidea
singlechannelcrossover.The5234providestwoseparate
channelswithindependentcrossoveraction(asina stereo
installation).
Thepowerswitchandpilotlightfortheunitanda high
frequencylevelcontrolforeachchannelarelocatedonthe
frontpanelforeasyaccess.Thecrossoverfrequencyat
whicheachchannelisoperatingisindicatedthrougha front
panelwindow.A voltagechangeswitchislocatedontherear
panel. EithermodelcanbemountedinoneEIAstandard
rackspace.
Crossovercardsareavailableformostcommonlyused
frequencies.Filterslopesare12dBor18dBperoctave
withhighandlowfrequencyoutputattenuated3 dBatthe
crossoverpoint.Cardsarealsoavailablewiththespecific
crossovercharacteristicsrequiredfortheJBL4343or4350
bi-amplifiedstudiomonitors.Inaddition,blankcardscanbe
obtainedforconstructionofcrossovernetworksforother
frequencies.
Installation
Theelectronicfrequencydividingnetworkreceivesthe
programsignalfroma linelevelsource-preamplifier,studio
console,orportablemixer-andseparatesthesignalinto
highandlowfrequencybands.Outputsfromthenetwork
feedtheappropriatepoweramplifiers,whichinturndrive
theirrespectiveloudspeakersystemcomponents.Input
connectionsmaybebalancedorunbalanced,output con-
nectionsareunbalanced;shieldedcableisrequired.Ifoutput
cablelengthsaregreaterthan4.5to6 m (15to20ft),isolation
transformers(600ft: 600ft) arerecommendedateach
outputtoreducethepossibilityofradiofrequencyinterference
orhum.Theoutputscandeliver+18dB(6.2V into600ft)
andwilldrivethelineinputsofconventionalamplifiers.Two
ormorepoweramplifierscanbedrivenfromeachoutput.
The5234dualchannelnetworkcanbeusedtotri-amplify
aloudspeakersystembyconnectingthelowfrequency
outputofchannel2 totheinputofchannel1.(Twisttwo
unshieldedwirestogetheroruseshieldedcableforthis
connection.)Thechannel 1 outputscanthenbeusedtodrive
themidrangeandlowfrequencyamplifiers.Typicalinstal-
lationsarediagrammedinFigure1.
Whenevera midrangeorhighfrequencydriverisconnected
directlytoa poweramplifier,a seriescapacitorisrecom-
mendedtoattenuateunwantedlowfrequency"on-off"
switchingtransientsignalswhichcandamagethedriver.
Itispossibletoconstructa systemusinganelectroniclow
frequencytransitionanda conventionalpassivenetworkfor
themidrangeorhighfrequencycrossover.TheJBL4350
StudioMonitor,diagrammedinFigure2,issucha system.Ifa
pairof4350saretobeused,a single5234canaccommodate
bothsystems.Notethatthepassive,highlevelfrequency
dividingnetworksusedinallJ BLstudiomonitorsdesignedfor
bi-amplificationalreadyincorporatetherequiredattenuation
capacitorstoprotectthemidrangeandhighfrequency
drivers.
3

ConventionalPassiveNetworks
PROGRAM
SOURCE
ONE
AMPLIFIER
LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
PASSIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORK
LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
PROGRAM
SOURCE
ONE
AMPLIFIER PASSIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORKS
Two-WaySystem Three-WaySystem
ElectronicNetworks
PROGRAM
SOURCE LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
r — 1
ACTIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORK
PROGRAM
SOURCE
ACTIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORK
HIGH
Two-WaySystemwithSingleChannelActiveCrossover Three-WaySystemwithDualChannelActiveCrossover
PROGRAM
SOURCE
PROGRAM
SOURCE
LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
Fig u re1. Typical Installations of the 5233 and 5234 Compared
to Conventional Passive Networks
4
HIGH
LOW
HIGH
MID
LOW
TWO
AMPLIFIERS
HF
LF
5233
HIGH
LOW
5234
THREE
AMPLIFIERS
LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEM
LOW
HF
HF
LF
LF
FOUR
AMPLIFIERS
LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
HF
LF
HF
LF
CHANNEL
2
5234
CHANNEL
1
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
ACTIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORK
TwoIndependentTwo-WaySystemswithDualChannelActiveCrossover

LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
ACTIVE
FREQUENCY
DIVIDING
NETWORK
Figure 2. Combining Electronic and Passive Frequency
Dividing Networks
Mounting
The5233 or 5234can be mounted ina single EIA
standardrackspacewithoutadditionalbracing or ventilation.
Allexternalconnectionsaremadeontherearpanel.Mounting
hardware is suppliedwitheachunit.
Connections
Shieldedcable is necessary for allinputandoutput
connections.Makecertainthattheshield is properly con-
nected, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
Input connections-Inputs to the5233and5234are fora
linelevelsource,balanced or unbalanced.Screwterminals
on the rearpanel are provided for connection of eachinput
andareclearlyidentified.Balancedconnectionsareshown
incolorexchanging HI and LO conductorswillresult
inphasereversal.
AMPLIFIER
PROGRAM
SOURCE
5233
PROGRAM
SOURCE
JAMPLIFIER
LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEM
DualChannel
5234 ELECTRONIC FREQUENCY DIVIDING NETWORK
AMPLIFIER
LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEM
CHANNEL 1
1
LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEM
CHANNEL 2
Figure 3. Wiring Diagram for Bi-Amplification
PROGRAM
SOURCE
TWO
AMPLIFIERS
HF
LF
5233
ULTRA-HIGH
HIGH
MID
PASSIVEFREQUENCY
DIVIDINGNETWORK
5233 ELECTRONIC FREQUENCY DIVIDING NETWORK
SingleChannel
HIGH
LOW
AMPLIFIER
AMPLIFIER
AMPLIFIER
HIGH
LOW
HIGH
LOW
PROGRAM
SOURCE
CHANNEL1
PROGRAM
SOURCE
PROGRAM
SOURCE
CHANNEL 2
5234

5234 ELECTRONICFREQUENCYDIVIDINGNETWORK
5234
PROGRAMSOURCE
(UNBALANCED)
PROGRAMSOURCE
(BALANCED)
Output Connections -Eachoutputchannelcandeliver
6.2V into600Q orgreater(+ 18 dBref.0.775V}.A separate
pairofscrewterminals,locatedontherearpanel,isprovided
forthelowandhighfrequencyoutputofeachchannel.
Outputswilldrivethelineinputofanyconventionalamplifier.
Typically,theimpedanceofa bridginginputisatleast5 kn
(usually10knormore);thereforetwoormorepower
amplifierscanbedrivenbya singleelectronicfrequency
dividingnetwork.
Operation
VerificationofSystemWiring
Itisimperativethateachoutputoftheelectronic
frequencydividingnetworkbeproperlyconnected.
Inadvertentexchangeoflowandhighfrequencyoutput
connections—atthenetwork,poweramplifiers,ortrans-
ducers—mayresultinseveredamagetomidrangeorhigh
frequencyloudspeakersystemcomponents.
Thefollowingprocedureshouldbefollowedforeach
programchannelpriortooperation.
1. Withallpoweroff,settheHighFrequencyLevelcontrol
at"2"andadjusttheprogramsourceleveltominimum
(Thesourcematerialmaybewidebandnoiseormusic.)If
thepoweramplifiersareequippedwithlevelcontrols,adjust
themtoapproximatelyonequarterpower.
2. Turnontheprogramsource,network,andamplifiersfor
thechannelundertest.
3.Graduallyincreasetheprogramsourcevolumeleveluntil
audible.Ifthesoundcomesmainlyfromthemid-rangeor
highfrequencydriver,shutpoweroffimmediatelyand
AMPLIFIER
AMPLIFIER
checkallwiring.Ifthelowfrequencyloudspeakerproduces
bass, graduallyadvancetheHighFrequencyLevelcontrol.
Correctsystemwiringwillbeverifiedifthetreblecompo-
nentoftheprogrammaterialincreasesinlevelwhile
comingsimultaneouslyfromthemidrangeandhigh
frequencydrivers.
TransducerPhasing
Oneimportantfactorinthenaturalsoundcharacter
ofa loudspeakersystemisthephaserelationshipofthe
transducersforanoctavebelowandaboveeachcrossover
frequency.Twosuitablemethodsforestablishingproper
phaseofthecomponentsina two-waysystemaredescribed
inthefollowingparagraphs.Eitheronemaybeused,depend-
ingontheavailabilityoftestequipment.A three-orfour-way
systemshouldbetreatedina similarmannerbyfirstestab-
lishingtheproperphaseforthetransducersofthelow
frequencytransitionandthenprogressingtothemidrange,
highfrequency,orultra-highfrequencytransducers,as
applicable.
Objective Method-A realtimethirdoctaveanalyzer,
condensermicrophone,anda pinknoisesourcecanbe
usedtoestablishproperphaseoftheloudspeakersystem
componentsasfollows:
1. Usingpinknoiseasprogrammaterial,adjustsystem
volumeforcomfortablelisteningandsetthelevelsofthe
individualtransducerstodisplayflattestoverallfrequency
responseontherealtimeanalyzer.
2. Reversepolarityofthehighfrequencydriverandobserve
theeffectonfrequencyresponsethroughthecrossover
region. Properphasingofthetransducersisindicatedby
theflattestfrequencyresponsethroughthecrossover
regionasshownontherealtimeanalyzer.
6
AMPLIFIER LOUDSPEAKERSYSTEM
HIGH
MID
LOW
Figure4.Wiring Diagram forTri-Amplification
Shieldedcableisnecessaryforallinputandoutputconnec-
tions, asshown.Makecertainthattheshieldisproperly
connectedtothegroundterminal.

Subjective Method— Iftestinstrumentationisnotavailable,
properresultscanbeobtainedasfollows:
1. Adjustvolumelevelforcomfortablelisteningandset
approximatesystembalanceusingpinknoiseorthenoise
heardbetweenstationsofanFMtuner.
2. Listentoa recordingofa malevoicelongenoughto
becomeaccustomedtotheperformanceofthe loud-
speakersystem.
3.Reversepolarityofthehighfrequencyloudspeaker,which
willproducea changeinvoicecharacter.Whenthetrans-
ducersareproperlyphased,a recordedmalevoiceshould
soundnaturalandexhibitpresence[oran"upfront"
quality], incontrasttotheundesirable"hollow"sound
heardwhentransducersareoutofphase.
Note: Ifthecrossoverfrequencyliesabove2 kHz,reversing
polarityofthehighfrequencycomponentwillcreatelittle
(ifany)perceptibledifferenceinsystemperformance.The
"correct"polarityinsucha casewillbethatwhichyields
themostnaturalqualitywitha varietyofprogrammaterial.
Onceproperphaseamongthetransducersofa loud-
speakersystemhasbeendetermined,otherloudspeaker
systemsintheinstallation(assumingtheyarethesame
model]maybephasedaccordingly.Ifdifferentloudspeaker
systemsareused,establishcommonphaseamongthelow
frequencydriversandfollowtheaboveproceduresfor
eachsystem.
LovolControlAdjustment
Inmostinstances,manufacturersofmulti-amplified
loudspeakersystemsprovideinstructionsforbalancinglevels
oftheindividualdriversofthesystem.Intheabsenceof
formalinstructions,orinthecaseofcustomloudspeaker
systems,balancecanbeestablishedbyadjustinglevelsto
achievetheflattestresponseona realtimeanalyzer,as
describedabove,oronthebasisofsubjectiveevaluationof
familiarprogrammaterial(or,moreaccurately,byusingpink
noiseorthenoisebetweenFMstations]asdescribedinthe
followingparagraphs.
Eachprogramchannelshouldbeadjustedindividually;
subjectiveevaluationshouldbemadewhileseatedinthe
normallisteninglocation.Ifsubjectiveanalysisistobeused,
andthepoweramplifiersareequippedwithlevelcontrols,
initiallyadjustthecontrolstoonehalfoftheirfullrotation
andthenregulateasnecessary.
Subjective Adjustment of Bi-Amplified Systems—The
followingappliestoa 5233ortoeachchannelofa 5234used
indualchannelbi-amplification.
(
2. Rotatethenetworkcontrolclockwiseuntila satisfactory
highfrequencybalancehasbeenobtainedintheprogram
material. Ifnecessary,trimsourceoramplifierlevels.
Subjective Adjustment of Tri-Amplified Systems-When
bothchannelsofa 5234areusedfora tri-amplified loud-
speakersystem,itisgenerallyinstalledsothattheChannel1
levelcontrolregulatestheoutputofthemidrangedriver
andtheChannel2 levelcontrolgovernsonlythehigh
frequencydriver.
1. WithbothHighFrequencyLevelcontrolsat"0','adjustthe
sourcelevelforcomfortablelistening.
2. RotatetheChannel1 levelcontrolclockwiseuntila
satisfactorymidrangelevelhasbeenobtainedinthepro-
grammaterial.Ifnecessary,adjustsourceoramplifierlevels
asappropriate.
3.IncreasetheChannel2 leveluntila satisfactoryhigh
frequencybalancehasbeenobtained.Itmaybenecessary
toreadjustmidrange,source,oramplifierlevelstoachieve
themostdesirableoverallbalanceoftheloudspeaker
system. Oncehighfrequencyandamplifieroutputlevels
havebeenestablished,readjustmentisnotgenerally
needed. Somemethodofmarkingorlockingthepower
amplifierlevelcontrolsisrecommended.
1. WiththeHighFrequencyLevelcontrolat"0"adjustprogram
sourcelevelforcomfortablelistening.
7

8

ServiceInstructions
Thedividingnetworksareshippedwitha 52-5120cross-
overcardwithtwo1000ohmresistorsinstalledineach
channel, asinFigure5.Thiscardconvertseachchannelinto
aone-input,two-outputunitygaindistributionamplifier.Two
ofthesespeciallyloadedcardswillconvertthe5234totwo
independentdirectamplifiers,eachhavingoneinputandtwo
outputs,orthenetworkinputscanbeparalleledtoprovide
fouroutputsfroma singlesource.The"highfrequency"
channelwillbeatunitygainwhenthelevelcontrolissetat
maximum.Thecontrolcanbeturneddowniflossisdesired.
The52-5120crossovercardmustberemovedbefore
installingthefrequencyselectioncardneededforthepartic-
ularapplication.Toinstalla newcrossovercard
1. Placethe5233or5234upsidedownona softsurface,
removethetwoPhillips-headscrewsfromeithersideofthe
case, andliftthebottomcoverfromthechassis.
2. Removetheoldcrossovercardbyliftinggently.
3.Alignthethreeholesineachnewcrossovercardwiththe
correspondingmountingpinsonthemainprintedcircuit
board. Thecomponentsonthecardshouldfacetoward
thechassiswiththefrequencydesignationlabeltoward
thefrontpanel.
4. Asthecardisgentlypressedagainstthemountingpin
stops(roughly6 mm, % in),electricalconnectionwillbe
madebetweenthecardconnectorandsixpinsonthe
printedcircuitboard.
5.Replacethebottomcoverandsecureitwiththefour
screws.Theunitisnowreadyformountingandconnection
ofthevariousinputsandoutputs.
NOTE: Operationofthe5233or5234withouta crossover
cardwillnotdamagetheunit.
WARNING: Thissectionofthemanualcontainsserviceinstructionsfor
usebyqualifiedservicepersonnelonly.
VoltageConversion
The5233and5234canbeoperatedfromeithera 100-120
VACor200-240V AC,50/60Hzsource.TheSUPPLY
VOLTAGESELECTswitch,S301,convertstheunitfromone
operatingvoltagerangetotheother.Usethefollowingpro-
cedurestoconvertthepreamplifiertoa differentvoltagerange.
1. Disconnecttheunitfromthepowersource.
2. SlidetheSUPPLYVOLTAGESELECTswitchtotheappro-
priatelinevoltagerange.
3.Changethelinecordandattachmentplugtomatchthe
powersourcereceptacleorusea 120-to-240V adapter
(notprovided).Theattachmentplugand/orlinecord
usedfor240V ACmodeintheU.S.andCanada
isU.L.listedandOS.A.Certified.Foruseinothercountries
linecordselectionshouldbebasedonlocalregulations
governing240V AC50/60Hzsupplysource.
Table1.
VoltageWiringCode
SwitchS301 SwitchS201 Ground,
Terminal1 Terminal1 E401
U.S.A.
Black White Green
Europe Blue Brown Green/Yellow
CAUTION: Thisunitmaybedamagedifoperatedwiththesupply
voltageselectswitchsetincorrectlyforthelinevoltageapplied.
BlankCrossoverCardAssembly
Inadditiontothestandardcrossovercards,circuitsfor
othercrossoverfrequenciesmaybeassembledonblank
crossovercardsusingstandardcomponents.Filterslopes
(12or18dBperoctave)areidenticaltothoseofthestan-
dardcrossovercards.Thecrossoverfrequencycanbewritten
onthecardbracketandwillappearthroughthefrontpanel
windowofthenetwork.
The crossover card is pressed on to mounting pins as shown
Note the use of two hands to maintain proper alignment for
installation or removal of the card. Figure5.Direct Amplifier Modification
Using two I /en,Vz W, 10% resistors on a 52-5120 blank
crossover card as shown, and installing the card, will convert
a crossover channel to a unity gain amplifier having one input
and two outputs.
9

Table2.
12dB/Octave
BlankCrossoverCard
ComponentValues
Resistorsareall% W,5%tolerance.Capacitorsareall5%
tolerance,metalizedpolyester.
WARNING:Thissectionofthemanualcontainsserviceinstructionsfor
usebyqualifiedservicepersonnelonly.
Crossover
Frequency
(Hz)
Capacitors
C1-C5'
(MF)
Resistors
R1-R5'
(kn)
50 .22 10
70 .22 7.5
100 .22 4.7
200 .12 4.7
300 .082 4.7
400 .055 5.1
600 .039 4.7
700 .032 5.1
900 .027 4.7
1100 .022 4.7
1500 .012 6.2
2000 .012 4.7
2500 .0082 5.6
3000 .0068 5.6
3500 .0068 4.7
4000 .0056 5.1
4500 .0039 6.2
5500 .0033 6.2
6000 .0033 5.6
6500 .0033 5.1
7500 .0027 5.6
8000 .0027 5.1
8500 .0012 11
9000 .0022 5.6
9500 .0012 10
10000 .0022 5.1
Thecomponentvaluesforothercrossoverfrequenciescanbecalcu-
latedusingtheformulaRC=whereR istheresistanceinkn,
CisthecapacitanceinnF.andF isthefrequencyinHzTherec-
ommendedminimumvalueforR is4.7kO.
Figure6.12 dB/Octave Blank Crossover Card (JBL Model
52-5120)
Component values for the various frequencies are listed in
Table 2. Components should rest against the printed circuit
board. Leads should be soldered and cut flush.
Table3.
18dB/Octave
BlankCrossoverCard
ComponentValues
Resistorsareall% W,5%tolerance.Capacitorsareall5%
tolerance,metalizedpolyester.
CrossoverFrequency Capacitors Resistors
30Hz CV-N/A RV-N/A
(HighPass Only]
C2'-N/A R2'-N/A
C3'-N/A R3'-N/A
C4'-.33uF R4'-11kn
C5'-.33nF R5'-4.3kn
C6'-.33MF R6'-75kn
250Hz C1'-.015MF
R1 '-5.6kn
C2'-.39MF R2'-5.6kn
C3'-.022^F R3'-5.6kn
C4'-.039MF R4'-12kn
C5'-.039nF R5'-4.7kn
C6'-.039uF R6'-82kn
500Hz SameasJBLCrossoverCard51-5132.
SeeTable5.forvalues.
800Hz SameasJBLCrossoverCard51-5133.
SeeTable5.forvalues.
1200Hz C1'-.039MF R1'-4.7kn
C2'-.10 MF
R2'-4.7kn
C3'-.0056 MF
R3'-4.7kn
C4'-.0082MF R4'-12kn
C5'-.0082MF R5'-4.7kn
C6'-.0082MF R6'-82kn
5500Hz C1'-.0068MF R1'-5.6kn
C2'-.018uF R2'-5.6kn
C3'-.001JJF R3'-5.6kn
C4'-.0018MF R4'-12kn
C5'-.0018mF R5'-4.7kn
C6'-.0018 fjF R6'-82kn
8000Hz C1'-.0056uF
R1 '-4.7kn
C2'-.015iiF R2'-4.7kn
C3'-820pF R3'-4.7kn
C4'-.0012uF R4'-12kn
C5'-.0012MF R5'-4.7kn
C6'-.0012,iF R6'-82kn
10