Joyner JNSZ1600DL User manual

Owner’s manual JNSZ1600DL
Parts manual
READTHISMANUALCAREFULLY
ITCONTAINSIMPORTANTSAFETYINFORMATION.
MINIMUM
RECOMMENDED
OPERATOR AG
FOR OFF-ROAD USE ONLY
This vehicle is designed and manufactured for off-road use only.
USAonly;
It does not confirm to federal motor vehicle safety standards, and operation on public streets, roads, or
highways is illegal
0

1
JNSZ1600DLLimited Warranty
The warranty policy applies to those cases where the new sold vehicle is unloaded from its shipping
container, set up and delivered by authorized dealer, and under normal use and service is found to have
defects in parts or workmanship under the following terms and conditions. This warranty covers the
engine and engine related components for a period of 90 days.
This warranty does not apply to any part, which in opinion of sold was defective because of improper
maintenance, improper assembly, alterations, abuse, negligence or accident.
Should warranty service be required on your JNSZ1600DL during the 90 days warranty period, please
contact your nearest authorized dealer for repairs.
What is not covered under this warranty
This warranty does not cover any sold vehicle that has been subjected to:
a. This warranty does not cover any sold vehicle in any way so as to adversely affect its safety or
reliability.
b. Renting
c. Disassembly, adjusting, or repairing of the vehicle in any way so as to adversely affect its safety or
reliability.
d. Competition or racing
The warranty does not cover loss of use of the sold vehicle, loss of time, inconvenience, or other
consequential damage which includes, but is not limited to, loss or damage to persons or property
or any expense of returning any damaged units to the sold distributor or its authorized dealer.
Seller has the rights to make changes without notice.

2
CONTENTS
OWNER’S MANUAL
Page
1. FOREWORD-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2. AFEW WORDSABOUT SAFETY--------------------------------------------------------------------4
3. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------- 5
4. SAFETY LABELS-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
5. ARE YOU READY TO DRIVE? ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
6. IS YOUR VEHICLE READY TO DRIVE?--------------------------------------------------------- 10
7. SAFE DRIVINGPRECAUTIONS-------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
8. SPECIFICATIONS----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
9. OPERATIONS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
10. SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
11. REPAIR----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
12. ABOUT ENGINE------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------27
13. PERIODICALCHECKAND SERVICE-------------------------------------------------------------28
14. ENGINE MAINTENANCEAND SERVICE ------------------------------------------------------- 29
15. TRANSMISSION MAINTENANCEAND SERVICE---------------------------------------------128
16. WIRING DIAGRAM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------151
PARTS MANUAL -----------------------------------------------------------------------------152

3
SPECIFICATIONS
DIMENSIONS
Overall Length---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128.5in. (3265mm)
Overall Width ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------88.5 in. (2250mm)
Overall Height ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------71.7 in. (1822mm)
Wheelbase ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------89.8 in. (2280mm)
Front Track ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68.8 in. (1748mm)
Rear Track --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------72.4in. (1840mm)
Ground Clearance ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14.2in. (360mm)
ENGINE
Type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4-Bore,4-Stroke, Liquid-cooled
Bore x Stroke --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------79.94mm×79.52mm
Displacement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1596 cc
Compression ratio-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 .75:1
Carburetor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Electric Fuel Injection
Max Power --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------71kw/5500rpm
Maximum Torque ---------------------------------------------------------------------------135/2500~4000Nm/r/min
Starting ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Electric
Ignition ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C.D.I
Lubrication -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Force & Splash
Transmission ----------------------------------------------------------------------- manual clutch, 4 shift/Reverse
Spark Plug -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K7RTC
Torque Of Spark Plug---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17.0-30.0Nm
Fuel type --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RQ90 (unleaded)
Lubricate oil ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SAE-10W/40
CAPACITIES
Maximum load -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------300kg
Fuel tank ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58.0L
Engine oil ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3860ml
Coolant -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6000ml
Starting ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <5s
Climbing ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20°-25°
Battery ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12V45Ah
Head Light ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12V 55/55W/Both
Tail Light ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12V10W/5W/21W/Both
Spot light----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12V35W/Four
Main Fuse ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------50A
SPECIFICATIONS
Brake Track ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- < 7m @ 20miles/h
Top speed ------------------------------------------------------------100 miles/h (or limited as customers require)
CHASSIS
Front, Rear brake --------------------------------------------------------------- Hydraulic disc, right foot control
Front tire --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27×7.5-15
Rear tire -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28×15.5-15
Front Suspension --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Independent Dual A-Arm
Rear Suspension ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Longitudenal Control Arm
Final Drive --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- shaft driven
TIRE PRESSURE
Front ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115kpa 1.15kg/c ㎡16psi
Rear ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 115kpa 1.15kg/c ㎡16psi
WEIGHT
Net Weight ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------750kg
WARRANTY
Parts and workmanship -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 90 Days

4
A. Operation controls OPERATION
WARNING-Do not attempt to start or operate the engine until completely familiar with the
location and use of each control necessary to operate this vehicle. The operator must know how to
stop this machine before starting and driving it.
a. Throttle
The right foot pedal is the throttle that controls the ATV speed. To disengage the clutch at any time,
allow the throttle to return to the idle position. (See Fig. 1)
Each time prior to starting the engine, check the throttle assembly to ensure that when
pedal is pushed all the way forward the assembly is working smoothly and returns to idle
when released. Do not operate if pedal or engine throttle linkage fail to return to idle. If
unable to correct the problem through lubrication, adjustment or replacement of worn parts,
contact your dealer for assistance.
b. Brake
The brake is located on the middle of the three control pedals (See Fig. 1). Applying pressure to
the pedal applies pressure to the brake caliper around the brake disc at the front and rear wheels and
slows or stops the kart.
c. Clutch
The left foot pedal controls the clutch cable (See Fig. 1). With the pedal down, you can shift the
shift lever.
Improper operation of the clutch will lead to excessive wear of the clutch friction surface.
Fig. 1

5
OPERATION
d. Start engine
1. Press the clutch pedal down, put the shift lever in neutral
2、Insert the key into the ignition-switch
If the engine is cold;
1. Press down the clutch pedal
Fig. 2
2. Turn the key clockwise to the “on” position. Release the key and the clutch pedal when the
engine starts.
If the engine is warm; Fig. 3
Press the throttle slightly and turn the key clockwise to the “on” position, release the key and the
throttle when the engine starts.
Each time prior to starting the engine, check the throttle assembly to ensure that when
pedal is pushed all the way forward the assembly is working smoothly and returns to idle
when released. Do not operate if pedal or engine throttle linkage fail to return to idle. If
unable to correct the problem through lubrication, adjustment or replacement of worn parts,
contact your dealer for assistance.

6
Before you start the engine, check that the parking brake is engaged, and the gear shift
lever is in neutral. Trying to start the engine in gear may damage the starter motor, clutch or
gearbox.
Release the key at once if the engine starts. Holding the key in start position when the
engine is running will cause damage to the starter motor.
If the engine does not start after 10 seconds, a second attempt to start the engine can be
allowed. Improper operation will damage the engine.
e. Engine stop key
Important-stop key test.
Before driving this vehicle, test the Engine Stop key to assure that it is operating properly. With
the engine running, turn the key counterclockwise to the “off” position for the engine to shut down.
B. Pre-Drive Inspection
Perform this pre-drive inspection everyday before driving vehicle. If not performed,
serious damage to the vehicle or personal injury may result.
1. Check for Engine Oil Level. Check for transmission Oil Level. Check for leaks, add oil if required.
2. Check the coolant. Check for leaks, add the coolant if required.
3. Check for Fuel Level.Add fuel as necessary and do not overfill. Check for leaks.
4. Check for Brakes. Depress the brake pedal several times, and then check for proper brake pedal free
play. Make sure there is no brake fluid leakage. Adjust if necessary.
5. Check the clutch cable,Assure the cable snaps back and has a smooth operation. Ensure the clutch
can operate smoothly. Adjust if necessary, or replace the clutch if necessary.
6. Check Tires. Check tires condition and pressure. The pressure on both Front and Rear tire is 16psi.
7. Check Throttle. Check for smooth operation. Ensure the throttle “snaps” back to idle.
8. Check Engine Stop key. Perform engine stop key test. Repair as necessary.
9. Check all Nuts, Bolts, and fasteners. Check wheels to see that all axle nuts and lug nuts are
tightened properly. Check and tighten as necessary all other fasteners to specified torque.
10. Check Roll Cage Bars. Ensure all protective roll cage bars are in place before operating theATV.

7
OPERATION
11. Check Brake Light. Check for proper operation.
12. Check Wheels. Check for tightness of wheel nuts and axle nuts; check that axle nuts are secured by
cotter pins.
13. Check Steering. Check for free operation and for any unusual looseness in any area.
Always follow rules for safe operation and wear a helmet.
C. Passengers
The vehicle allows for two riders only.
Combined maximum weight of driver
and the passenger should not exceed 180kg
or 400Ibs.
D. SeatAdjustment
The seat must always be securely
fastened in the position which best
allows the operator control of the foot
pedals, steering wheel, and the remote
stop key. Fig. 4
a. Pull seat adjustment handle upward to disengage seat slide.
b. Move seat to desired position.
c. Be sure seat adjustment handle snaps back into place and that seat is locked into position.
(See Fig. 4 )
Before attempting to adjust the seat ensure that engine of theATV is stopped.
Never operate thisATV when the provided seat is not securely fastened, to do so could
result in a strong possibility of severe personal injury or loss of life. Before attempting to
adjust the seat ensure that engine of ATV is stopped.

8
E. ParkingAdjustment(See Fig. 4 )
Pull the park brake lever up so that the unit can engage park brake.
OPERATION
a. To release the unit, press button on front end of parking lever then push the parking lever to the
bottom.
b. Adjust the parking cable if necessary.
Park brake “OFF”
Fig.5
Park brake “On”
Fig.6
F.Gear Shift Adjustment
1. Loosen the bolts.
2. Press down the clutch pedal fully.
3. Operate the shift lever as to change gearshift from 1 to 4 and reverse smoothly.
4. First, tighten bolt 1 with thread glue. Then second, tighten bolt 2 with thread glue.(See Fig. 7)

9
Fig. 7
G.Break-in
The first month is most important in the life of your vehicle. Proper operation during this break-in
period will help assure maximum life and performance from your new vehicle. The following
guidelines explain proper break-in procedures.
1. After the engine starts, the engine is not allowed in high speed in the neutral gearshift.
2. Drive vehicle from stop to low speed slowly.
3. Avoid braking strongly.
4. Do not exceed the vehicle speed on the below schedule
The speed of vehicle
The first 1000 km
Max speed in each gear
1st
Gear
25km/h
2nd
Gear
45km/h
3rd
Gear
70 km/h
4th
Gear
100km/h
H. Starting And Operating Instructions
a. Before starting the engine, be sure that the driver is seated properly in theATV and tighten the
seatbelt.
b. Testing theATV in a open place at the beginning to learn how to start, turn and stop.
c. Operate theATV slowly until you are familiar with it.
d. The turning radius of this ATV is small and agile, so the centrifugal force is very high when
turning at high speed. Slow down to a more controllable speed when turning to prevent theATV from
rolling over.
e. To prevent vehicle from rolling over, be sure to only turn the vehicle at a slow more controllable
speed.

10
• SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
A．ServiceAir Filter
Service air filter every 80 hours
NOTE: Service more often under dusty conditions.
a. Remove filter cover(See Fig. 8) Fig.8
b. Check the filter cover and the air filter, if the filter cover and the air filter
is dusty, please clear the filter cover and replace with a new air filter.
B. Engine Lubrication
Engine oil replacement
You must change the oil in the crankcase after the first 5 hours of operating of your new engine
and after 10 hours of use thereafter. That will insure proper lubrication of internal parts and prevent
costly repairs due to excessive wear.
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

11
High
Low
oil level in engin
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
Fig. 11
MIN
MAX
Fig. 12
a. With the engine warm, put the vehicle on the level ground.
b. Shut down the engine, put a collecting oil plate under the engine oil outlet. Loosen the oil outlet
plug in the warm engine. Let the engine oil out fully (see Fig. 9).
c. Tighten the engine oil outlet plug.
d. Remove the oil filler cap (see Fig. 10), fill oil (SAE 10W/30-50 ) about 3.86 liters to the engine.
e. Pull out the engine oil dip stick (see Fig. 11), confirm the corrective oil level in the crankcase (see
Fig. 12).
Check engine oil and recharge
a. If the color of engine oil changes, you need to replace the engine oil. Replace the engine oil as
above.
b. Check the engine oil level, change if necessary from d as above.

12
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
C. Transmission lubrication
You must change the oil in the transmission after the first 5 hours of operating of your new engine
and after 10 hours of use thereafter. That will insure proper lubrication of internal parts and prevent
costly repairs due to excessive wear.
Fig. 13
Fig. 14 Fig. 15
Fig. 16 Fig. 17

13
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
a. Put the vehicle on the level ground.
b. Shut down the engine, put a collecting oil plate under the transmission oil outlet. Loosen the oil
outlet plug in the warm engine. Let the transmission oil out fully (see Fig. 14、15).
c. Remove the iron dust plug, this plug has a magnet on it. Iron dust caused by moving parts will
stick to the plug. Clean the iron dust from this dust plug (see Fig. 16).
d. Tighten the transmission oil outlet plug and the iron dust plug(see Fig. 16).
e. Remove the plug (see Fig. 13), fill oil (API 80(75) W-90 GL-3 Gear Oil ) about 2.0 liters.
Check transmission oil
If the color of transmission oil changes, you need to replace oil. Replace transmission
oil as above.
D. Engine Coolant
You must check the coolant for level and leaks. If it is low, you need to refill coolant into the radiator
(approximately 6000 ml). The lack of coolant will cause the engine to overheat. This can cause engine
damage.
The coolant should always be topped up, since the coolant can evaporate.
Figure 18
Figure 19
Put the vehicle on level ground.
1. Turn the coolant cap counterclockwise and open the cap (see Fig. 16).
2. Pour fresh coolant to filler neck.
3. Start the engine at idle.

14
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
4. Increase the engine rev’s a few times
5. Repeat 2,3,4 till the coolant is at neck and no bubbles come up.
6. Refit the coolant cap, turn it clockwise and tighten it
7. Turn the reserve coolant case cap counterclockwise and open the cap (see Fig. 17).
8. Pour fresh coolant of the specified type into the reserve coolant tank till the coolant reaches 2/5 to
3/5 of the reserve coolant tank volume.
9. Close the reserve coolant case cap, turn it clockwise and tighten it
Top up the reserve coolant
If the coolant in the reserve tank is less than 2/5, it needs to be topped up.
1. Turn the reserve coolant case cap counterclockwise and open the cap.
2. Pour fresh coolant of the specified type into the reserve coolant tank till the coolant reaches 2/5 to
3/5 of the reserve coolant tank volume.
3. Close the reserve coolant case cap, turn it clockwise and tighten it
Opening the radiator cap while the engine is hot can be hazardous.
Opening the radiator cap can spray the high temperature coolant in your eyes,
face and any parts of your body. This can result in severe injury.
Never open the radiator cap while the engine is hot.
New and used coolant can be hazardous.
Children and pets may be harmed by new or used coolant.
Continuous or brief contact with coolant may be dangerous for your health.
Keep new and used coolant away from the children and pets. To minimize your
exposure to new and used coolant, wear a long sleeve shirt and moisture-proof
gloves(such as dishwashing gloves) when you change coolant. If coolant contacts
your skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Wash any clothing or rags if wet
with coolant. Recycle or properly dispose of used coolant.
Failure to use the correct coolant or coolant not the same as one in the radiator
or reserve tank can harm yourATV. Engine damage may occur if you use coolant
that does not meet the specifications.
F. Idle Speed Adjustment
Never make unnecessary adjustments. The factory recommended settings are correct for most
applications. It’s not necessary to disassemble the screw unless the idle speed needs to adjustment.
a. Warm up the engine (5~10min)
b. .Connect the tachometer, adjust the throttle to limit the idle speed. The standard
value is (900RPM) (see Fig. 17).
c. Adjust the screw and adjust the idle speed to an ideal value.
d. Repeat step b and c until the rotate speed of engine stables.

15
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
Fig.20
G. Cleaning Instructions
Keep your kart clean. With a clean rag, wipe off any dirt and oil from around controls. Wipe off
any spilled fuel and oil. Keep the engine clean of foreign object and be sure to check that air intake fan
is free of debris for proper cooling.
H. Kart Lubrication
Lubricate vehicle every 90 days of use, Apply several drops of oil in specific points.
I. Storage Instruction
In the event your kart is not to be operated for periods in excess of 30 days or at the end of each
driving season prepare for storage as follows:
a. Drain fuel tank by allowing engine to run out of fuel, or use a fuel stabilizer.
b. Lubricate engine cylinder by removing the spark plug and pour one ounce of clean lubricating oil
through the spark plug hole into the cylinder. Crank the engine slowly to spread oil and replace
spark plug.
c. Do not save or store gasoline over winter. Using old gasoline, which has deteriorated from storage,
will cause hard starting and affect engine performance.
Do not drain fuel while engine is hot. Be sure to moveATV outside before draining fuel.

16
REPAIR
Front Wheel Alignment
1. Put the vehicle on level ground.
2. The “toe-in” of the front wheels should be 0.63 inches. To check for alignment, measure distance A
and B between the centerline (CL) of the wheels. The proper toe-in dimensionAshould be 0.63
inches greater than dimension B.
3. To adjust the alignments, loose the lock nuts on both sides of Front Tie Rods. To make Dimension B
smaller, turn the rod to the left. Turn the rod to the right to make Dimension B larger. After adjusted
to desired length, tighten the lock nut against the rod end. Recheck the dimensions for proper
alignment.

17
About engine
A. precaution
a. strictly observe all requirements and specifications in this manual.
b. Check the earth polarity of accumulator. this gasoline engine adopts negative earth.
c. Grinding in must be conducted when using a new gasoline engine.
d. When gasoline engine is running, your head, hand, cloth, tool and other things should be strictly forbidden
to approach the running fan and pump belt.
e. When running or just stopping, don’t touch exhaust sub-tube etc heat exhaust parts. Don’t open radiator
cover when it is hot.
f. When starting gasoline engine, you must not throttle fiercely in order to avoid running at a high speed and
too low fuel pressure.
g. When running at a high speed and overload, don’t stop engine. You should stop it after it runs at a low
speed for 3-5 minutes.
B. Grinding in of new gasoline engine and its precautions.
New gasoline engine must be grinded in before using it normally. it should be mounted on a car and driven for
1000km according to the running criteria in table 1 or grinded in on the gasoline engine test platform for 50 hours
according to the grinding in criteria
Grinding in of new gasoline engine and its precautions
Engine oil, fuel ,coolant, and electrolyte of accumulator should be sufficient. Don’t operate it at high speed at
once after starting the engine. You should preheat it step by step.
You’d better drive it on cement pavement or asphaltum pavement, and avoid running on soil sand road as little
as possible.
Don’t exceed the high speed that asked in table 1.
After driving for 1000km, the new car can be used normally.
Check the valve clearance, firing advance angle, idle, tightness of water pump belt, then adjust them to meet the
manual requirement.
Change filter, lubricant of gasoline engine, gearbox and differential.
Screw tightly connecting bolt of cylinder cover, every bracket bolt , admission and exhaust sub-tube bolt or nut.
C.Storage of gasoline engine
There is a small quantity of lubricant in SQR480 gasoline engine when it left factory. It should be stored in
clean, dry and ventilated warehouse without any corrosive gas. Storage period should be half a year.
If period of storage were longer than half a year, you should fill 2.5L antirust lubricant into gasoline engine and
remove spark plug of all cylinder, and make all piston be between upper dead and lower dead point, and fill
0.006Lantirust lubricant into every cylinder and start gasoline engine for 3-4 times using start motor. Each time
is about 15 seconds long. And than remove bleeding screw plug and spark plug, and screw them tightly
according to the specified torque.

18
PERIODICAL CHECK AND SERVICES
The maintenance intervals in the following table are based upon average driving conditions. Driving
in unusually dusty areas, require more frequent servicing.
Time of service
Item
Initial
service
Monthly
Quarterly
Yearly
Engine
1. Tighten bolts on engine.
I
I
2. Engine oil
I
I
3. Coolant
I
4. Coolant hose and joints
I
I
R
5. Exhaust
I
I
6. Transmission oil
I
R
Ignition
7. Coil
I
8. Distributor for ignition
I
9.Air cleaner
C
I
10. Throttle cable
I.A.L
I.R.A
11. Fuel tank cover. Breathe hose and
joint.
I
I.R
12. Idle
I
13. Breathe hose
I
14. Fuel hose and joints
I
I
I.R
Control system
15. Wire and plugs
I
16. The free display of clutch pedal
I
I.R
17. Brake fluid, hose, joints
I
18. The free display of brake pedal,
Brake
I
I
I
I
19. Parking
I
20. Brake shoes and disc
I
I.R
Chassis
21. Tires
I
R
22. Tighten nuts on the hub and wheel
I
I
I
23. Shocks
I
24. Driven shaft
I
I
25.All nuts and bolts
I
I
I
I
26. Steering wheel, steering
I
I
27. Test vehicle
I
I
I
I
A: adjust C: clean I: inspect, clean or replace if necessary. L: lubricate R: replace

19
ENGINE MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………...….30
Engine configuration view and sectional view……………………… ………………………………. ...31
Main engine technical indexes and operation parameters……………………………….……….……32
Engine structural features……………………………………………………………………………. .....35
Engine maintenance..……………………………………………………………………….............…….36
Engine removal and assembly procedure……………………………………………………………..... 39
[1] Positioning no.1 cylinder top dead center (compression) …………………………………………39
[2] Upper and lower timing gear cover assemblies removal and installation………………………..40
[3] Crankshaft pulley removal and installation………………………………………………………..41
[4] Valve cover and seal gasket removal and installation……………………………………………..42
[5] Timing belt removal, installation and adjustment……………………………………………….... 43
[6] Tension pulley, crankshaft gear and camshaft gear removal, check and installation…………...45
[7] Camshaft oil seal removal and installation……………………………………………………….... 47
[8] Valve mechanism and cylinder head removal, check and installation……………………………48
[9] Piston and connecting rod assembly removal and installation……………………………………57
[10] Flywheel assembly and rear oil seal bracket assembly removal and installation ……………...61
[11] Crankshaft, crankshaft thrust washer, bearing bushing and main bearing cap removal and
installation ……………………………………………………………………………………….…63
[12] Oil baffle assembly removal and installation……………………………………………….….…67
[13] Engine oiling system……………………………………………………………….……………. ....68
[14] Engine cooling system……………………………………………………………………………...75
[15] Engine air intake and exhaust system…………………………………………………………….80
[16] Engine crankcase ventilation system………………………………………………………………84
[17] Engine fuel supply system………………………………………………………………………….86
Carburetor engine malfunction, cause and correction………………………………………………..93
CAC480MEngine single-point electric control injection system……………………………………..101
[1] Summarize……………………………………………………………………………………………101
[2] Operation principle ……………………………………………………………………………….... 102
[3] Wiring diagram……………………………………………………………………………………....121
[4] System service………………………………………………………………………...………………123
[5] Malfunction, cause and correction………………………………………………………………. ....127