Kenwood TH-78A User manual

KENWOOD
TH-78A
144/440MHz FM Handheld Dual Bander
Instruction Manual

Page 2
KENWOOD TH-78A 144/440 MHz Dual Bander
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
CONTENTS
CONTROLS OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 5
THE BATTERY PACK
1 NiCd Battery Pack (PB-13) ......................................................................................................................... 6
2 Recharging .................................................................................................................................................. 6
3 Installing The Battery Pack ......................................................................................................................... 6
4 Battery Voltage Level .................................................................................................................................. 6
5 Battery Operating Time ............................................................................................................................... 7
RECEIVER OPERATION
1 Getting Started ............................................................................................................................................ 7
2 Tuning Control and Volume Control ............................................................................................................ 8
3 Selecting Frequency ................................................................................................................................... 10
4 Step Size Selection ..................................................................................................................................... 11
5 Programmable VFO Tuning Limits ............................................................................................................. 12
6 Basic Receiving Functions .......................................................................................................................... 13
TRANSMITTER OPERATION
1 To Transmit ................................................................................................................................................. 13
2 Changing Transmitter Output Power .......................................................................................................... 14
3 TX. Stop Function ....................................................................................................................................... 14
4 Time Out Timer ........................................................................................................................................... 14
USING THE MEMORY
1 Microprocessor Memory Backup ................................................................................................................ 15
2 Initializing The Memory ............................................................................................................................... 15
3 Memory Channel ......................................................................................................................................... 15
4 Memory Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 16
5 Entering Memory Data ................................................................................................................................ 16
6 Entering Split Channel Frequencies ........................................................................................................... 16
7 Entering The Call Channel Frequencies ..................................................................................................... 17
8 Recalling Memory Channels ....................................................................................................................... 18
9 Memory Shift ............................................................................................................................................... 18
10 Memory Channel Character Display ........................................................................................................... 18
SCANNING
1 Hold/Resume Programming ....................................................................................................................... 19
2 Scan operation cancel ................................................................................................................................ 20
3 Scan options ............................................................................................................................................... 20
4 Scanning Memory Channels ....................................................................................................................... 21
5 Scanning Band ............................................................................................................................................ 21
6 Programmable Band Scan .......................................................................................................................... 21
7 MHz Scan .................................................................................................................................................... 22
8 VFO/Memory Scan ..................................................................................................................................... 23

Page 3
9 CALL/VFO Scan ......................................................................................................................................... 23
10 CALL/Memory Scan .................................................................................................................................... 23
11 VFO/Memory/CALL Scan ........................................................................................................................... 23
12 The Alert function ........................................................................................................................................ 23
REPEATER OPERATION
1 Transmitter Offsets ..................................................................................................................................... 24
2 Selecting the Offset Direction ..................................................................................................................... 24
3 Automatic Offset Selection ......................................................................................................................... 24
4 Manual Offset Selection .............................................................................................................................. 24
5 The REVerse Function ................................................................................................................................ 24
6 Tone Selection ............................................................................................................................................ 25
7 Autopatch Operations ................................................................................................................................. 26
8 DTMF Memory ............................................................................................................................................ 27
OPERATION AS A REPEATER ................................................................................................................ 28
CTCSS OPERATION .................................................................................................................................... 28
THE DUAL TONE SQUELCH SYSTEM (DTSS)
1 DTSS Code ................................................................................................................................................. 29
2 Using the DTSS Function ........................................................................................................................... 29
3 Using DTSS with a repeater ....................................................................................................................... 30
PAGING
1 Paging Operation Overview ........................................................................................................................ 30
2 Paging Code Memory ................................................................................................................................. 31
3 Setting Paging Codes ................................................................................................................................. 31
4 Sending Pages (Calling) ............................................................................................................................. 33
5 Receiving Pages (Wait) .............................................................................................................................. 34
6 Canceling Signal Squelch ........................................................................................................................... 35
7 Locking Out Codes ..................................................................................................................................... 35
8 Answer-Back ............................................................................................................................................... 36
MESSAGE TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION
1 Message Transmission modes ................................................................................................................... 36
2 Using the Message Memory ....................................................................................................................... 36
3 Message Memory Check ............................................................................................................................ 37
4 Message Memory Transmission ................................................................................................................. 37
5 Message reception ...................................................................................................................................... 37
6 Receive Message Memory ......................................................................................................................... 38
ENHANCED RECEIVER FUNCTIONS
1 The Tone Alert System ............................................................................................................................... 39
2 Monitor ........................................................................................................................................................ 40
3 Beep Off ...................................................................................................................................................... 40
4 Lamp ........................................................................................................................................................... 40
5 Key Lock ..................................................................................................................................................... 40
6 Volume adjustment when you use an earphone ......................................................................................... 40
7 Switching speaker output when a speaker-microphone is connected ........................................................ 41
8 Automatic Band Change Function .............................................................................................................. 41
9 Simultaneous Receive Function of Two Signals in the Same Band ........................................................... 41
10 Single Band Operation ................................................................................................................................ 42

Page 4
11 MHz Mode ................................................................................................................................................... 42
12 Channelized Frequency Display .................................................................................................................. 42
POWER SAVER FEATURES
1 The Battery Saver Mode ............................................................................................................................. 43
2 Automatic Power Off (APO) ......................................................................................................................... 43
CLOCK FUNCTION
1 Timer Setting ............................................................................................................................................... 44
2 Timer Function ............................................................................................................................................ 44
DUPLEX OPERATION ................................................................................................................................. 45
POWER ON MESSAGE AND FUNCTION
1 Power On Message .................................................................................................................................... 46
2 Function Message ....................................................................................................................................... 46
TROUBLESHOOTING .................................................................................................................................. 48
ACCESSORIES
1 Installing the CTCSS Unit (TSU-7) ............................................................................................................. 49
2 Memory Expansion Unit (ME-1) .................................................................................................................. 50
3 Programming the SMC-33 Remote Control Speaker Microphone ............................................................. 51
4 Using other microphones ............................................................................................................................ 52
SPECIFICATIONS
QUICK REFERENCE
ACCESSORIES
Antenna T90-0444-XX
Belt Hook J29-0465-XX
Hand Strap J69-0312-XX
Rubber Cap B09-0330-XX
NiCd Battery Pack (PB-13) W09-0563-XX
Battery Charger (BC-14, 120VAC) W09-0565-XX

Page 5
CONTROLS OVERVIEW

Page 6
THE BATTERY PACK
1 NiCd Battery Pack (PB-13)
You must charge the battery pack before you can use it. It has not been charged at the factory in order to provide
you with the greatest number of charge/discharge cycles. It takes several charge/discharge cycles before the
battery pack will operate for its maximum period. If you store the battery pack for more than two months, recharge it
before use.
2 Recharging
Insert the charge plug from the charger (BC-14) into the terminal on the top of the transceiver. Then plug the
charger into the AC line. Do not allow the battery to charge for greater than 15 hours. The useful life and battery
performance will be reduced of you exceed the recommended charge period.
NOTE
Recharging should be done within an ambient temperature between 5ºC ~ 40ºC (41ºF ~ 104ºF).
Recharging performed out of this range may not fully charge the battery.
3 Installing The Battery Pack
Insert the battery pack into the transceiver until it locks in place. You may have to manually slide the battery
Release button (on the rear of the transceiver case) in order for the battery to fully seat into position.
To remove the battery pack, slide the Release button to the right and pull the pack down.
4 Battery Voltage Level Indication
The meter indicates the relative battery voltage during transmit. Recharge or replace the battery pack when the
level reaches the LOW indicator level. A fully charged battery should indicate eight (8) blocks on the display. A fully
discharged battery should indicate five (5) or fewer blocks showing on the display.
NiCd Battery pack
Fully charge Fully discharged
Approximate battery condition
Manganese or Alkaline Batteries
Load 6 X R6 (AA) maganese or alkaline batteries in series in the optional battery case (BT-8). Be sure to
observe the polarities. We recommend use of high performance Alkaline batteries.

Page 7
Manganese or Alkaline batteries
Fully charge Fully discharged
Approximate battery condition
5 Battery Operating Time (hours)
144 MHz 430/440 MHz
Batteries H L EL H L EL
Alkaline 7.5 13 36 6 10 32
Manganese 3 3.5 11 2 2.5 10
PB-13 4.5 7 20 3.5 5 14
PB-17 3 7 20 2.5 5 14
PB-18 711315.5822
•6 seconds transmit, 6 seconds receive, 48 seconds reception with no signal recommended.
AF output 0.2W/8 ohms.
•Battery Saver function ON.
CAUTION
The display indicator flashes and the POWER switch will not work when the battery starts to go
flat. When this happens, recharge or replace the battery pack.
We recommend use of the NiCd battery pack for long transmission or extended operation.
Manganese batteries (except Alkaline manganese batteries) may be used for Low or EL position.
RECEIVE OPERATION
1 Getting Started
Connect the battery pack and the supplied antenna.
Press the POWER switch to turn the transceiver on. One of the default frequencies should appear on the display.
If the display shows incomplete data, or you think the displayed frequency is wrong, reset the microprocessor
Memory Initialization (see page 15).

Page 8
2 Tuning Control and Volume Control
This transceiver assigns two volume and tuning control functions to the two controls on the top of the radio.
Before proceeding to the next step, master these functions. The default setting is as follows:
Functions as the Functions as the
volume control for tuning control of
the UHF band. The UHF band.
You can control the band for
Which the PTT indicator lights.
When you press the BAND key, control of each function is transferred to the VHF band.
The inside knob of the LEFT control functions as the VOLUME control for the selected band, and the inside knob
of the RIGHT control functions as the TUNING control for the selected band.
You can control the selected BAND for which the PTT indicator lights by pressing the BAND button immediately
above the LCD display. Each time the BAND button is pressed, PTT control switches between VHF and UHF.
When you press and hold the E.CHG key (or within two seconds of pressing the E.CHG key), control of the volume
and tuning (using the same controls as above) temporarily passes to the uncontrolled band.
We recommend that you use this function in order to temporarily change the volume or frequency of the normally
uncontrolled band.

Page 9
Separate VOLUME control function
Press the Fkey then press the E.CHG key.
Functions as the Functions as the
volume control for volume control of
the VHF band. The UHF band.
The inside knob of the LEFT control functions as the VOLUME control for the VHF band, and the inside knob of
the RIGHT control functions as the VOLUME control for the UHF band.
VHF BAND UHF BAND
This indicates the volume level
Separate TUNING control function
While operating in the separate volume control mode, press the Fkey then press the E.CHG key.
Functions as the Functions as the
tuning control for tuning control of
the UHF band. The UHF band.
The inside knob of the LEFT control functions as the TUNING control for the VHF band, and the inside knob of
the RIGHT control functions as the TUNING control for the UHF band.
Returning to the original mode
Press the Fkey for longer than one second and then press the E.CHG key.
Whenever you are selecting frequencies, your first step should be to set the squelch control. The squelch helps to
eliminate 'white noise' or static until you receive active communications on a frequency.
There are two squelch controls, one for the VHF band (outside knob of left control), and one for the UHF band
(outside knob of right control). To set the squelch controls:

Page 10
VHF band. UHF band.
1) Rotate the SQL control fully counter clockwise.
2) Rotate the VOL control clockwise until a signal or noise is heard coming from the speaker.
3) Rotate the SQL clockwise until the noice just disappears and the BUSY indicator turns off. This point is known
as the Squelch Threshold point.
4) Press the BAND key.
5) Repeat steps 1-3, and adjust the squelch threshold for the other band.
3 Selecting a Frequency
You have several ways to select frequencies:
♦By entering a specific frequency via the keyboard
♦By using the tuning control
♦By selecting a memory channel (see page 15)
♦By pressing the CALL key
Direct Keyboard Frequency Entry
You can enter specific frequencies directly into the transceiver. If you don't have a particular frequency to enter, we
suggest you try 145.050 MHz.
1) If necessary, press the BAND key to make VHF the primary band.
2) If the transceiver is in Memory mode or CALL mode, press the VFO key to select the VFO mode.
3) Press the numeric 4key. A '4' is entered as the 10 MHz digit of the VHF frequency display, and the 1 MHz and
below digits change to '-' (e.g.14-.00)
4) Press numeric keys 5, 0, 5, and 0.

Page 11
5) The transceiver actually changes frequency only after the 1 kHz digit is entered. The 1 kHz digit is not
displayed if it is a zero.
If you do not enter the 1 kHz digit, the 1 kHz indicator flashes and the transceiver defaults to the previous
operating frequency.
Notes
1 If the frequency step of the UHF band is 10 or 20 kHz, the 1 kHz digit becomes zero
automatically when you enter the 10 kHz digit.
2 If you press an invalid key, the valid value nearest to that number is entered.
3 If you do not press a key within 10 seconds, the normal frequency display returns.
4 If you press the VFO key during input, the digits showing - return to the values that appeared
before the direct entry mode was selected.
If the frequency step is 12.5 or 25 kHz, the input ends with the 10 kHz
digit. The 10 kHz keys and frequencies set with the keys are listed
below.
Key Frequency Key Frequency
000 5 50
1 12.5 6 62.5
225 7 75
3 37.5 8 87.5
4 37.5 9 87.5
Using the Tuning Control
The tuning control selects frequencies in up or down sequentially.
Rotate the tuning control clockwise or counterclockwise to select the desired operating frequency.
4 Step Size Selection
The transceiver must be in the VFO mode to select frequency steps.
To select the desired tuning or scan step size use the following procedure:
1) Press the Fkey for longer than one second then press the 3key. The current frequency step size will be
displayed.
2) Rotate the Tuning control until the desired tuning step size appears in the display. The frequency step is
indicated in the chart below.
VHF BAND 5!10!15!20!12.5!25!5

Page 12
UHF BAND 10!20!12.5!25!10
3) Press any key except the POWER, LAMP, and MONI keys.
The displayed step size is set, and the normal frequency display returns.
Changes in the Displayed Frequency
As you change from one step size to another, the displayed frequency also changes, as illustrated in the
accompanying charts.
For example, assume you are presently displaying 439.920 MHz at a 20 kHz step size. If you were to change
the step size to 12.5 kHz, the display would read 439.925 MHz.
From step size 5, 10, 15, or 20 To step size 12.5 or 25
Frequencies Display as
0, 5, 10, 15 0
20, 25, 30, 35 25
40, 45, 50, 55 50
60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 75
From step size 12.5 or 25 To step size 5, 10, 15, or 20
Frequencies Display as
00
12.5 10
25 20
37.5 30
50 50
62.5 60
75 70
87.5 80
5 Programmable VFO Tuning Limits
This radio provides the capability of programming the VFO tuning range, in 1 MHz band segments, as well as
providing a separate programmable band scan function. (See page 21).
For example, you could tell the transceiver that you only wish to tune the 144.000 MHz and 145.000 MHz band
segments by specifying any frequency within these two segments.
The Tuning control would then only tune within these specific bands. The procedure for specifying then bands is
described below.
1) Select the desired lower tuning limit. For example, you might want to select the 144 MHz band and dial up
144.100 MHz.
2) Press and hold the Mkey for longer than one second, then press the 1key. This selects the lower frequency
limit for the programmable VFO.

Page 13
3) Select the desired upper tuning limit. For example, you might want to select the 145 MHz band and dial up
145.100 MHz.
4) Press and hold the Mkey for longer than one second, then press the 2key. This selects the upper frequency
limit for the programmable VFO.
5) To confirm that the programming was properly performed, rotate the Tuning control. The transceiver should
not go above or below the programmed band limits.
← VFO tuning range →
144.000 145.000 146.000 147.000
──┼────────┼───────────┼───────────┼───
To clear the programmed limits simultaneously, reset the VFO memory using the procedures discussed on
page 13.
You can reprogram either limit independently by following the appropriate instructions above.
6 Basic Receiving Functions
When receiving a signal, the Main/Sub S-meter deflects and the Main/Sub BUSY indicators appear.
Rotate the volume control to the desired level.
Note
For information about more advanced receiving capabilities, see Enhanced Receiver Function on page 39.
TRANSMITTER OPERATION
WARNING
Before you attempt to transmit, attach an antenna with a low standing wave ratio to the antenna
connector. Failure to provide a proper load may cause damage to the final amplifier section. Always
check that the frequency is clear before transmitting.
1 To transmit, follow these steps:
1) Use any of the frequency selection methods discussed on page 10 to select an operating frequency.
2) Listen to the frequency to see if it's occupied before attempting to transmit on it.
3) Press the PTT (Press to Talk) switch. The ON AIR indicator and battery level meter will appear.
4) Speak into the microphone from the recommended distance of 2 inches. Talking closer or farther away can
result in loss of clarity, an excessively wide transmit signal, or weak audio.
5) Release the PTT switch to return to the receive mode. The ON AIR and battery level meter indicators should
go out.

Page 14
2 Changing Transmitter Output Power
Press the Fkey, then the D/LOW key to select three different transmitter power output levels. Repeat this function
to step through the power level selections. The actual transmitter output power for this unit depends upon the
power supply used. Indicators will appear on the left-bottom line of lower display to tell you which level you have
selected.
The "E" and "L" indicators show the Economic Low power for line-of-sight short-distance communication.
The "L" indicator shows the Low power for short-distance communication.
No indicator means the high power position has been selected. Use high power for maximum transmitter power.
See the high power caution on page 13.
Output Power (watts) (Approx.)
144 MHz 440 MHz
HLELHLEL
PB-13,18 2.0 0.5 0.02 2.0 0.5 0.01
PB-14,17 5.0 0.5 0.02 5.0 0.5 0.01
Alkaline Battery 2.0 0.5 0.02 2.0 0.5 0.01
External Power 5.0 0.5 0.02 5.0 0.5 0.01
Supply (13.8VDC)
3 TX.Stop Function
The TX.Stop function allows you to temporarily disable the transceiver transmit, preventing accidental or
unauthorized transmission.
Press the Fkey, then press the f2/TX.s key to turn the TX.Stop function on or off.
4Time-OutTimer
This transceiver has a time-out timer function to prevent possible problems caused by continuous transmission.
This function forcibly stops continuous transmission after 10 minutes. When the timer times out, the transceiver
beeps and automatically returns to the RX mode. Press the PTT switch to transmit again.

Page 15
The time-out-timer function cannot be turned on or off.
USING THE MEMORY
1 Microprocessor Memory Backup
All memory channel data is backed up in EEPROM. It is not lost unless you reset the memory.
All other data that you set is retained by a secondary lithium battery that will provide memory backup for about 20
days if you remove the battery pack or external DC power.
A fully discharged (backup) battery will require about 10 hours to reach full charge after installing a NiCd battery
pack or external DC power.
2 Initializing The Memory
Press and hold the Mkey and turn on the power to reset the memory. All the LCD indicators will appear on the
display. Release the Mkey. This resets all user programmed data to the factory defaults.
Factory Default Settings
144 MHz Band 440 MHz Band
VFO Frequency 144 MHz 440 MHz
CALL channel 144 MHz 440 MHz
Frequency
Frequency Step 5 kHz / 12.5 kHz 25 kHz
Tone Frequency 88.5 Hz / 1750 Hz 88.5 Hz / 1750 Hz
VFO Reset
Press and hold the Fkey and turn on the POWER switch to reset the microprocessor's VFO memory, without
destroying the memory channel, CLOCK data, message memory data, automatic dialer DTMF memory,
programmable SCAN tuning range, PAGING code, or CALL channel data.
3 Memory Channel
This transceiver provides 50 memory channels. In addition to serving as a normal memory channel, Memory
Channel 1 is used to store the frequency for the Priority Alert function.

Page 16
4 Memory Contents
Each memory channel can store information as shown in the chart below.
X = Can be stored in memory
Normal Split
Channel Channel
RF frequency X X
TX frequency N/A X
Tone (CCSS) frequency X X
Tone (CTCSS) status X X
Frequency step X X
Shift statue, REV on/off X N/A
DTSS code, DTSS status X X
5 Entering Memory Data
Entering memory data is a simple operation requiring just a few keystrokes to store all the data you require.
Entering Normal Simplex/Repeater Channels
1) Select the desired receive frequency, offset, and any other information you desire. If the desired frequency is
already on the display, continue to step 2.
2) Press the Mkey.
3) Use the keypad to select any desired memory channel number (0-49). Use a two-digit number, such as 02
for channel 2 or 15 for channel 15, to enter the data in memory.
4) Press the MR key.
5) The memory channel number will turn off, indicating that the receiver data has been properly stored.
Clearing a Memory Channel
Use the following procedure to clear the contents of an individual memory channel:
1) Select the memory channel to be cleared.
2) Press the Mkey for longer than one second, then press the MR key.
3) The selected memory channel number is removed from the display and the data is cleared from the memory.
6 Entering Split Channel Frequencies
1) Use the numeric keypad to select the desired receiver frequency, tone and other information. If the desired
frequency is already on the display, continue to step 2.
2) Press the Mkey. The memory indicator will flash.

Page 17
3) Use the keypad to select any desired memory channel number (0-49). For example, use a two digit number,
such as 02 for channel 2, or 15 for cannel 15, to enter data in memory.
4) Press the MR key.
5) The memory channel number will turn off, indicating that the receiver data has been properly stored.
6) Use the numeric keys to enter the desired transmit frequency.
7) Press the Mkey. The memory channel indicator will flash.
8) Press and hold the PTT switch and then press the MR key.
9) The TX frequency is set. The system returns to its previous state.
Note
You will hear an error sound if you attempt to recall a memory when nothing is stored in that memory.
Confirming the Contents of the Split ChanneI
1) Press the MR key. The programmed receiver frequency appears on the display with " + "and "-" offset direction
indicators showing that this channel has an odd split entered.
2) Press the Fkey, then press the SHIFT/REV key, or just the PTT switch, to check the transmit frequency. The
transmit frequency will appear on the display.
7 Entering The Call Channel Frequency
1) Use the numeric keypad to select the desired receiver frequency, tone and other information.
2) Press the Mkey, then press the CALL key within 10 seconds. You have now entered the call channel
frequency
If entering an odd split channel, continue with steps 3 to 6.
3) Select the desired call channel transmit frequency.
4) Press the Mkey.
5) Press and hold the PTT switch and press the CALL key.
6) Release the PTT switch.

Page 18
8 Recalling Memory Channels
Press the MR key.
You can change the memory channel by the following two methods.
Using the Tuning Control
Rotate the tuning control clockwise or counterclockwise to select the desired Memory Channel.
Using the numeric keypad
Select any desired memory channel number (0-49). For example, use a two digit number, such as 02 for channel
2, or 15 for cannel 15.
If you install the optional ME-1, you cannot recall more than 100 memory channels in the two digits recall mode
(initial states). You must change the function to three digit recall mode.
1) Press and hold the MR key and turn the power on. The VHF band frequency display changes to the recall
selection mode with the numeric keys.
2) Select -3 with the right encoder.
3) Press any front panel key to return to the normal frequency display.
9MemoryShift
Press the Fkey, then press the VFO key to copy the contents of a memory or call channel to the VFO without
changing the data in memory. Doing this allows you to begin tuning at the point specified by the memory channel
data.
Caution
You cannot perform memory shift if the displayed frequency exceeds the programmable VFO setting
range (see page 12).
10 Memory Channel Character Display
You can display the memory channel frequency with your own spelling. It may be up to six characters long. You
can use numerics 0 to 9 and the letters A to Z.
Function Setting
Press and hold the f2key, and turn the power on.
Note
When you select this function, the memory channel can be displayed alphanumerically, but the total number
of available memory channels is halved, i. e., 25. To return to 50 channels, repeat the operation.
Character registration
1) Press the MR key to enter the memory channel mode.
2) Select a desired channel from among the memory channels in which you stored data using the Tuning control
or numeric keypad.

Page 19
3) Press the Mkey, then press the f2key to enter the message setting mode. APO 11
4) Enter your message with the keypad. See the list on page 37 for the key combinations for each letter.
5) If you enter the wrong message, press the VFO key to start over step 4.
6) Press the MR key at the end.
7) You can display a message from other memory channel by performing steps 2 to 6 again.
Note
A message can be displayed for a maximum of 25 memory channels.
If a message is specified for a memory channel, the message is displayed instead of the memory channel
number.
If you want to display the memory channel number, press and hold the Fkey for longer than one second then
press the f2key.
Message Display Cancel
1) Select the memory channel to be canceled.
2) Press and hold the Mkey for longer than one second, then press the f2key.
The message display is canceled, and the memory channel is displayed.
SCANNING
You must adjust the squelch to the threshold point for proper scan operation. You cannot use scan in conjunction with
the tone alert function and paging. Scanning occurs separately in the VHF and UHF bands. You can reverse the
direction by turning the Tuning control or MESSAGE key.
1 Hold/Resume Programming
This transceiver provides two types of scan hold/ resume:
•Time Operated Scan
The transceiver stops scanning on a busy channel, remains there for approximately 5 seconds, and then
continues to scan even if the signal is still present.
•Carrier Operated Scan
The transceiver stops scanning on a busy channel and remains there until the signal drops out. It allows a 2
second delay before resuming scanning to prevent losing the station when operators change.
In CTCSS operation, scan will stop only on signals that contain the proper CTCSS code.
In DTSS operation, scan will stop (without squelch turned off) whenever it receives a signal. However, squelch
will not open until the proper DTSS signal is received.

Page 20
In combined CTCSS and DTSS modes, scanning stops when the proper CTCSS tone is received. Squelch will
open only if the DTSS signal matches when the scan stops. The transceiver is delivered from the factory in the
Time Operated Scan mode.
2 Scan operation cancel
Operation band:
Press any key except the MONI, LAMP, BAND, MHz, E.CHG, or MSG.
Sub-band:
Press the BAND key, then press the PTT switch.
3 Scan Options
The following scan options are available:
•Memory Scan
Scans through those memory channels that have data stored and that have not been locked out. This function
operates only in the memory mode.
•Band Scan
Scan proceeds over the entire band. This function operates only in the VFO mode. (page 21).
•Programmable Band Scan
The scan range for this mode is specified in memory. (page 21)
•MHz Scan
Scans over a 1 MHz range. (page 22)
•VFO / Memory Scan
Provides alternate scanning of the VFO and last used memory channel. (page 23)
•CALL/VFO Scan
Provides alternate scanning of the call channel and the VFO. (page 23)
•CALL / Memory Scan
Provides alternate scanning of the call channel and last used memory channel. (page 23)
•V/M/C (VFO / Memory / CALL) Scan
Scans the VFO, the last memory channel used, and the call channel. (page 23)