Keysight Technologies N7373C Manual

Keysight N437x Series
Lightwave Component
Analyzer
Programmer’s
Guide

Notices
©Keysight Technologies2007, 2015
No part of this manual may be reproduced
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Keysight Technologies,as governed by
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Keysight Technologies, Deutschland GmbH
Herrenberger Straße 130
71034 Böblingen, Germany.
Manual Part Number
437xB-90A01
Edition
Edition 2.0,February 2015
Subject Matter
The material in this document is subject to
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product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one
year from date of shipment. During the
warranty period, Keysight will, at its option,
either repair or replace products that prove to
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Keysight Technologies certifies that this
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its calibration measurements are traceable
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continually increasing customer satisfac-
tion through improved process control.

Remote Operation 5
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Transferring code from the 8703A/B to the Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component
Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
LCA System Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How to configure the LCA for networking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How to connect the LCA to your network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How to change network settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Install the LCA Remote Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
How to use the LCA Remote Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Adding references to your project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Declare and create the required objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Basic structure of an LCA client application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Method Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
LCA Remote Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
LCA remote control DLLs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Specific Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Interface structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Enumeration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Class LCAMeasParams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Class LCAProperties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Interface ILCARemoteClient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
General commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Measurement commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
The LCA SCPI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Port Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Configuration .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Start/Stop the LCA SCPI Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
The LCA SCPI commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Command Details .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
5

System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Remove all doubt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Phone orFax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Keysight online information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..82
Programming Examples 61
VEE Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...62
Getting started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Description of the VEE-example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
VBA/Excel Programming Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Warranty Information 79
Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

1
Remote Operation
Overview 9
Transferring code from the Keysight 8703A/B to the Keysight
N437xB Series Lightwave Component Analyzer 11
LCA System Configuration 12
How to configure the LCA for networking 12
How to connect the LCA to your network 12
How to change network settings 12
Install the LCA Remote Client 15
Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Method Calls 21
How to use the LCA Remote Client 16
Adding references to your project 16
Declare and create the required objects 18
Basic structure of an LCA client application 19
Troubleshooting 23
LCA Remote Programming 24
LCA remote control DLLs 24
LCA remote control DLLs 24
Specific Commands 25
Interface structure 25
Enumeration 26
Class LCAMeasParams 27
Class LCAProperties 30
Interface ILCARemoteClient 31
General commands 31
Measurement commands 34
Properties
40
The LCA SCPI Interface 43
43
43
Overview
Port Types
Configuration 45
Remote Operation

45
46
Start/Stop the LCA SCPI Module
LCA SCPI Commands
Command Details 48
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

Overview
This chapter will help you control an LCA from your own
computer. The chapter covers how to write your own
applications. The next chapter explains examples based on
Keysight VEE and VBA/Excel in more detail. Note that
applications for remote control can also be run on the LCA
itself, which is useful for automated measurement procedures.
The LCA is a remoting enabled, Microsoft .NET instrument that
can be controlled across any LAN that can relay an http web
page. The provided remote control client has an Active X
interface and a .NET interface, so you can program the LCA
from many established programming environments such as
Visual Basic 6.0 and VBA, as well as from .NET enabled
programming environments such as C#.
The LCA uses .NET remoting as the foundation for its external
communications. Remoting is the process of programs or
distributed components interacting across different processes
or machines.
Beginning with the LCA software version 3.00.03 for Windows
XP systems or 3.01.00 with Window 7, an SCPI interface is
also available, which may be more comfortable for other
environments like Labview. The SCPI interface can be used
over either a LAN or USB port.
This programming guide supports LCA models beginning
with the B generation. These now include: N4373D, N7373C,
N4373B, N4374B, N4375D, N4375B, N4376D and N4376B.
Remote Operation
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
9

Figure 1 LCA Remoting Architecture
Since the LCA interface does not provide any methods to set
network analyzer related parameters or to retrieve
measurement data from the network analyzer, most
applications also need to program the network analyzer. The
network analyzer’s native functions can be controlled either
using SCPI or COM. We recommend using the COM interface.
This is reflected in the programming examples.
In .NET remoting, the server program publishes an object on a
network channel and the client program subscribes to that
channel when loading or connecting to that object. In the case of
the LCA, a RemoteObject object is published to an http channel
and the subscribing client program is the LCA RemoteClient. A
Remoting server is embedded in the LCA Server application.
The LCA RemoteClient is a layer of abstraction, which provides
an easy to use interface with methods to control the LCA. The
LCA Remote Client layer consists of 3 files, named
"RemoteClient.dll", "RemoteObjects.dll" and "RemoteClient.tlb".
These files are installed as part of the the LCA Remote Client
installation package, together with a number of programming
examples.
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

Transferring code from the 8703A/B to the Keysight N437x Series
Lightwave Component Analyzer
Tools are available to migrate code from the 8720 network
analyzer to the new PNA network analyzer platform at
www.keysight.com/find/nadisco
The 8703A/B Lightwave Component Analyzers are based on the
8720 network analyzers, so you can use these code conversion
tools to migrate existing code to the N437x Series LCA based
on the PNA platform.
Most of the code in a typical application for the 8703 LCA
controls the functionality of the network analyzer. This part of
the application can be migrated with these tools.
The code related to LCA specific functionality has to be
migrated by hand.
While this chapter assumes you are familiar with your
programming environment, it does not assume familiarity with
controlling remote objects from within that environment.
Examples are provided for VB.NET, C#, VB 6.0, VBA and Keysight
VEE, which can be extrapolated to most environments for
controlling the LCA. After installing the LCA Remote Client on
your computer, you can find these examples in the folder:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Agilent\Agilent LCA Remote Client\Examples
The location on your computer depends on the folder in which
you installed the LCA Remote Client.
The Excel-VBA example pulls data directly from the LCA into
Excel. This is very useful if you are setting up measurements
manually, but want to analyze the results on your own
computer.
Remote Operation
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
11

LCA System Configuration
How to configure the LCA for networking
Remote programming ofthe LCA with the .NET interface is
only possible if the LCA is connected to a local area network
(LAN) via the built-in LAN connector. When the LCA is
connected to a network, it is also possible to connect it to
network printers and remote servers, with access to shared
folders and files.
How to connect the LCA to your network
The LCA comes configured for DHCP networking, and has a
default machine name. In many cases, connecting the LCA to
your LAN is simply a case of registering the machine name with
your IT department.
How to change network settings
You can change the LCA network settings as needed so that it
connects properly to your specific network.
NOTE Do not connect the LCA to a network that is configured to automatically
install software on network devices. Installing or overwriting files on the
LCA computer system may impact the operation of the instrument. Please
contact your network administrator or IT department to find out if you have
this type of network.
NOTE The LCA LAN connector supports 10 Base-T and 100 Base-T Ethernet
networks using TCP/IP and other Microsoft supported networking
protocols. The LCA uses Microsoft® Windows 7 or XP.
NOTE Because your network settings are unique to your IT infrastructure,
Keysight Technologies will not be able to assist you with connecting your
instrument to your network. Please contact your network administrator or
IT department for assistance. For more information, refer to the MS
Windows resource kit (available from Microsoft) that is appropriate for
your computer system. You can also refer to the online Help for Windows
(Start > Help).
NOTE Using the SCPI interface, the LCA can also be controlled from a USB
port.
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

You can change network settings by using the standard
Microsoft® Windows functions.
To view or change the computer machine name
1 On the Task bar, click Start, point to Settings, and then click
Control Panel.
2 Double-click the System icon and click on the Computer Name
tab. From here you can view or change the machine name.
3 When you have finished making changes, restart the
instrument.
To configure TCP/IP to use DNS or WINS
4 On the Task bar, click Start, point to Settings, and then click
Network and Dial-up Connections.
5 Then click Local Area ConnectionProperties.
6 On the General tab (for a local area connection) or the
Networking tab (all other connections), click Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP), and then click Properties. From here, you can make
all desired changes.
NOTE By default, as the instrument starts up, you are logged on as an
administrator with the logon name PNA-Admin. The login password,
which is usually not needed, is "pna" for systems with Windows 7 or
"agilent" for systems using Windows XP.
Keysight only recommends using the LCA application while you are logged
onas an administrator.
NOTE If using a protocol other than TCP/IP, please contact your IT department
for assistance.
NOTE Editing your instrument’s protocols and file access permissions can result
in unwanted behaviors that are difficult to reverse. Ensure that your
changes are valid!
NOTE Please consult with your network administrator concerning advanced
TCP/IP and multi-protocol configuration settings to support your network.
NOTE Please contact your network administrator or IT department if you have
any problems connecting the LCA to your network.
Remote Operation
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
13

7 When you have finished making changes, restart the
instrument.
To configure TCP/IP for static or dynamic addressing
• To get started, follow the same steps listed above.
NOTE For more information, click Start > Help > Index, and search for “DNS” or
“WINS” or “static” or “dynamic.”
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

Install the LCA Remote Client
The LCA Remote Client is described in “Overview” on page 6.
1 If not already installed, install the .NET Framework Version
2.0 from Microsoft. Go to www.microsoft.com and search for
‘How to get the Microsoft .NET framework’. Be sure to get the
framework and all the service packs. Make sure that you get
the framework, not the SDK (software development kit.)
2 The LCA CD shipped with the LCA contains the Remote
Client Installation Package to install the LCA specific DLLs and
the programming examples. The most recent version of the LCA
Remote Client Installation Package is available from the
Keysight web site (www.keysight.com/find/lca).
• Insert the CD into the CD drive, use Windows Explorer to
find LCA Remote Client Installer Folder, or
• Start the downloaded installer.
3 If you want to program the network analyzer via its COM
interface you need to install the PNAProxy. The installation
executable “PNAProxy.exe” can be found on the network
analyzer in the folder:
C:\Program Files\Agilent\Network Analyzer\Automation
Install the PNA Proxy by running the installation program
“PNAProxy.exe” on your client machine.
When asked to type in the host name or IP address of the
remote network analyzer during installation, you do not need to
type in anything.
You can specify the host name or IP address during program
development or execution.
NOTE This installation is not for the LCA itself. (Applications using the remote
programming commands can be run on the LCA itself without installing
the remote client package.)
Remote Operation
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
15

How to use the LCA Remote Client
Here you can see the basic steps required to write an LCA client
application.
The code sequences presented here are in VB.NET syntax. For
sequences in other languages like C#, VB 6.0, VBA or C++ refer to
the different programming examples. You can find these
examples in the “Examples” folder, in the “Keysight LCA Remote
Client” installation folder.
Since most client applications will also control the network
analyzer for setting measurement parameters like start- and
stop-frequency and for reading out the measurement data, we
also show the basic steps required to control the network
analyzer using its COM interface over LAN (DCOM).
The network analyzer can also be programmed using its SCPI
interface, but this is not covered here. For details about
programming the network analyzer, please refer to the relevant
network analyzer documentation.
Adding references to your project
In VB.NET, C#, VB 6.0 or VBA projects, you have to add
references to the LCA Remote Client Library and to the
PNAProxy type library (the network analyzer proxy, assuming
you also want to program the network analyzer).
The LCA Remtote Client implements two different interface
technologies.
• In environments which support .NET assemblies, we
recommend using the LCA Remote Client .NET assembly
directly.
• If your programming environment does not support .NET
assemblies, use the LCA Remote Client over its COM
interface.
Here we show how this is done in Microsoft Visual Studio 2005
using the LCA Remote Client .NET assembly directly. When
using the COM interface, the basic structure is the same.
For the differences, please check the VBA, VB 6.0 and C++
example projects, installed with the LCA Remote Client.
1 From the “Project” menu, select “Add Reference”.
2 Switch to the “Browse” tab.
3 Browse to your LCA Remote Client installation folder.
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

4 Select “RemoteClient.dll” and press OK.
5 If you also want to use the network analyzer COM
interface, please refer to the network analyzer
documentation, including:
http://na.support.keysight.com/pna/programming/
Because environments like VB 6.0 or VBA cannot work directly
with .NET assemblies, you have to use the COM interface of the
LCA Remote Client in such cases.
1 In VB 6.0, from the “Project” menu, select “References”.
In VBA, open the “Tools” menu and select “References”.
Remote Operation
Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
17

In both programming environments you will see a dialog like
the following:
2 Select“Keysight Remote Client for the LCA”.
Declare and create the required objects
The LCA Remote Client defines
• three interfaces ILCARemoteClient, ILCAMeasParams,
ILCAProperties and
• three classes, LCARemoteClient, LCAMeasParams and
LCAProperties.
Each of these classes implements the corresponding interface.
To be able to use the LCA Remote Client, you have to create
objects from these classes.
‘ Declare the objects
Private lcaClient As Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCARemoteClient
Private lcaMeasParams As Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCAMeasParams
Private lcaProperties As Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCAProperties
….
‘Create the objects
lcaClient =New Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCARemoteClient()
lcaMeasParams =New Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCAMeasParams()
lcaProperties =New Agilent.LCA.RemoteClient.LCAProperties()
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide

If you also want to use the network analyzer, you have to declare
and create a network analyzer application object.
This is quite different to the LCA. When working with the LCA
you are creating a local LCA Remote Client object. The
connection to the remote LCA server is done with the “Connect”
command on the LCA Remote Client interface.
When using the network analyzer over its COM interface, you are
using DCOM and have to remotely activate the network analyzer
interface. For examples on how this is done in different
programming environments, see the programming examples
installed with the LCA Remote Client.
Here we show how this is done in VB.NET:
‘ Declare the object
Private pnaClient As AgilentPNA835x.Application
…
Public Sub Open(ByVal serverName As String)
‘the class-id of the AgilentPNA835x.Application class
Dim clsID As System.Guid = New Guid(
"16D3C697-5F97- 11D2-BC1F-0060B0B52EA7")
Dim srvtype As System.Type =
System.Type.GetTypeFromCLSID(
clsID, serverName, True)
‘ now we connect to the remote PNA
pnaClient =
CType(System.Activator.CreateInstance(srvtype),
AgilentPNA835x.IApplication9)
End Sub
For further details on programming the network analyzer,
please refer to the relevant network analyzer documentation.
Basic structure of an LCA client application
When programming the LCA you have to follow this basic
structure:
1(optional) Set a time-out value
lcaClient.SetTimeout(timout_ms)
2 Connect to the LCA server.
lcaClient.Connect(serverName)
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide
19

now you could call commands which do not require an open
session. In the case of the LCA client, this is the
GetLCAProperties command.
lcaClient.GetLCAProperties(lcaProperties)
3 Open a session on the LCA, and check the return value of the
Open() command. A return value False indicates that the
Open() command has failed.
lcaClient.Open()
4 All commands that change the state of the LCA require an
active session opened on the LCA. All these commands have
to be enclosed by Open() and Close() commands.
Commands which do not change the state of the LCA, like
reading properties, only require a passive session on the
LCA.
5 When finished with working on the LCA, close the session
lcaClient.Close()
6 Before leaving the application, make sure to call the
Disconnect() command. This prevents unnecessary
processing overhead on the LCA, needed to monitor and
close inactive sessions.
lcaClient.Disconnect()
Remote Operation
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Keysight N437x Series Lightwave Component Analyzer, Programmer’s Guide