Keysight N9030A User manual

Keysight X-Series Signal Analyzers
This manual provides documentation for the following Analyzers:
PXA Signal Analyzer N9030A MXA Signal Analyzer N9020A
EXA Signal Analyzer N9010A CXA Signal Analyzer N9000A
MXE EMI Receiver N9038A
Notice: This document contains references to Agilent.
Please note that Agilent’s Test and Measurement business
has become Keysight Technologies. For more information,
go to www.keysight.com.
N9063A &
W9063A
Analog Demod
Measurement
Application
Measurement
Guide

Notices
© Keysight Technologies, Inc.
2008-2014
No part of this manual may be
reproduced in any form or by any
means (including electronic storage
and retrieval or translation into a
foreign language) without prior
agreement and written consent from
Keysight Technologies, Inc. as
governed by United States and
international copyright laws.
Trademark Acknowledgements
Manual Part Number
N9063-90006
Print Date
August 2014
Supersedes: February 2012
Printed in USA
Keysight Technologies Inc.
1400 Fountaingrove Parkway
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Warranty
THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS
DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,”
AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING
CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN
FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE
MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES,
EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH
REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY
INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
KEYSIGHT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR
ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN
CONNECTION WITH THE
FURNISHING, USE, OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
OR ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED
HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT AND THE
USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN
AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY
TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN
THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT
WITH THESE TERMS, THE
WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE
AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.
Technology Licenses
The hard ware and/or software
described in this document are
furnished under a license and may be
used or copied only in accordance
with the terms of such license.
Restricted Rights Legend
If software is for use in the
performance of a U.S. Government
prime contract or subcontract,
Software is delivered and licensed as
“Commercial computer software” as
defined in DFAR 252.227-7014 (June
1995), or as a “commercial item” as
defined in FAR 2.101(a) or as
“Restricted computer software” as
defined in FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987)
or any equivalent agency regulation or
contract clause. Use, duplication or
disclosure of Software is subject to
Keysight Technologies’ standard
commercial license terms, and
non-DOD Departments and Agencies
of the U.S. Government will receive no
greater than Restricted Rights as
defined in FAR 52.227-19(c)(1-2)
(June 1987). U.S. Government users
will receive no greater than Limited
Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-14
(June 1987) or DFAR 252.227-7015
(b)(2) (November 1995), as applicable
in any technical data.
Safety Notices
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to an operating
procedure, practice, or the like that, if
not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in damage to the product
or loss of important data. Do not
proceed beyond a CAUTION notice
until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a hazard.
It calls attention to an operating
procedure, practice, or the like that, if
not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in personal injury or
death. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

3
Where to Find the Latest Information
Documentation is updated periodically. For the latest information about these products, including instrument software
upgrades, application information, and product information, browse to one of the following URLs, according to the name of
your product:
http://www.keysight.com/find/pxa
http://www.keysight.com/find/mxa
http://www.keysight.com/find/exa
http://www.keysight.com/find/cxa
http://www.keysight.com/find/mxe
To receive the latest updates by email, subscribe to Keysight Email Updates at the following URL:
http://www.keysight.com/find/emailupdates
Information on preventing analyzer damage can be found at:
http://www.keysight.com/find/tips
Is your product software up-to-date?
Periodically, Keysight releases software updates to fix known defects and incorporate product enhancements. To search for
software updates for your product, go to the Keysight Technical Support website at:
http://www.keysight.com/find/techsupport

4

Contents
5
Table of Contents
1 Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS Signals
Setting Up and Making a Measurement 8
Making the Initial Signal Connection 8
Using Analyzer Mode and Measurement Presets 8
The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements 9
Demodulating an AM Signal 11
Demodulating an FM Signal 12
Demodulating an FM Stereo/RDS Signal 13
Measuring L Only FM Stereo/RDS Signals 13
Measuring L=R FM Stereo/RDS Signals 19
2Concepts
AM Concepts 26
FM Concepts 28
FM Stereo/RDS Concepts 30
FM Stereo 30
RDS/RBDS 30
Demodulating an AM Signal Using the Analyzer as a Fixed Tuned Receiver
(Time-Domain) 32
Demodulating an FM Signal Using the Analyzer as a Fixed Tuned Receiver
(Time-Domain) 33
Demodulating an FM Stereo/RDS Signal Using the Analyzer as a Fixed Tuned
Receiver (Time-Domain) 34
Modulation Distortion Measurement Concepts 35
Purpose 35
Measurement Technique 35
Modulation SINAD Measurement Concepts 36
Purpose 36
Measurement Technique 36

6
Contents

7
Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS Signals
1 Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS
Signals
The Analog Demod measurement application provides the capability of
demodulating AM (amplitude modulated), FM (frequency modulated), ΦM (phase
modulated), and FM Stereo/RDS (Radio Data System) signals. These measurements
provide functionalities that can generally be categorized as follows:
• Demodulating a modulated carrier and playing the modulating signal over a
speaker (sometimes referred to as tune and listen)
• Displaying demodulated signals in both time and frequency domains
• Displaying modulation metrics
• Displaying the RDS information in FM Stereo/RDS signals
The following topics can be found in this section:
“Setting Up and Making a Measurement” on page 8
“Demodulating an AM Signal” on page 11
“Demodulating an FM Signal” on page 12
“Demodulating an FM Stereo/RDS Signal” on page 13

8
Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS Signals
Setting Up and Making a Measurement
Setting Up and Making a Measurement
Making the Initial Signal Connection
Set the AM, FM, ΦM, or FM Stereo/RDS transmitter under test to transmit the RF
power. Connect the transmitting signal to the signal analyzer as below.
CAUTION Before connecting a signal to the analyzer, make sure the analyzer can safely accept
the signal level provided. The signal level limits are marked next to the RF Input
connector on the front panel.
1. Connect the output AM, FM, ΦM, or FM Stereo/RDS transmitter to the RF input
port of the signal analyzer using appropriate cables, attenuators, and adapters.
2. (Optional) If there is a frequency reference port on the transmitter, connect it to
the EXT REF IN port on the signal analyzer for frequency synchronization.
Figure 1-1 AM, FM,
Φ M, or FM Stereo/RDS Measurement System
After making the connection, see the Input/Output key menu for details on
selecting input ports and the AMPTD Y Scale menu for details on setting internal
attenuation to prevent overloading the analyzer.
Using Analyzer Mode and Measurement Presets
To set your current measurement mode to a known factory default state, press Mode
Preset. This initializes the analyzer by returning the mode setup and all of the
measurement setups in the mode to the factory default parameters.
To preset the parameters that are specific to an active, selected measurement, press
Meas Setup, Meas Preset. This returns all the measurement setup parameters to the
factory defaults, but only for the currently selected measurement.
X-Series Signal Analyzer
EXT REF IN
Optional
RF OUTPUT
Attenuator
RF INPUT
AM, FM, M,
or FM Stereo/RDS Transmitter
Φ
EXT REF OUT

9
Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS Signals
Setting Up and Making a Measurement
The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements
All measurements can be set up using the following three steps. The sequence starts
at the Mode level, is followed by the Measurement level, then finally, the result
displays may be adjusted.
NOTE A setting may be reset at any time, and will be in effect on the next measurement
cycle or view.
Table 1-1 The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make a Measurement
Step Action Notes
1 Select and Set Up the
Mode a. Press Mode.
b. Press Analog Demod.
c. Press Mode Preset.
d. Press Mode Setup.
All licensed, installed modes
available are shown under the Mode
key.
Using Mode Setup, make any
required adjustments to the mode
settings. These settings will apply to
all measurements in the mode.
2 Select and Set Up the
Measurement a. Press Meas.
b. Select the specific measurement
to be performed.
c. Press Meas Setup.
The measurement begins as soon as
any required trigger conditions are
met. The resulting data is shown on
the display or is available for export.
Use Meas Setup to make any
required adjustment to the selected
measurement settings. The settings
only apply to this measurement.
3 Select and Set Up a
View of the Results Press View/Display. Select a display format for the current
measurement data.
Depending on the mode and
measurement selected, other
graphical and tabular data
presentations may be available.
X-Scale and Y-Scale adjustments
may also be made now.
Table 1-2 Main Keys and Functions for Making Measurements
Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys
1Select and set up a mode. Mode Mode Setup,
FREQ Channel System
2Select and set up a
measurement. Meas Meas Setup Sweep/Control, Restart, Single, Cont

10
Demodulating AM, FM, ΦM, FM Stereo/RDS Signals
Setting Up and Making a Measurement
NOTE If you encounter a problem, or get an error message, see the guide “Instrument
Messages”, which is provided on the Documentation CD ROM, and in the
instrument here:
C:\Program Files\Keysight\SignalAnalysis\Infrastructure\Help\bookfiles.
3Select and set up a view of the
results. View/Display SPAN X Scale, AMPTD Y Scale Peak Search, Quick Save, Save,
Recall, File, Print
Table 1-2 Main Keys and Functions for Making Measurements
Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys