Kleinwächter EFM 022 User manual

Manual
ElectrostaticFieldMeterEFM 022
SystemProf. Dr.-Ing. HansKleinw chter

ManualEFM022
2
Contents
1. GeneralInformation on Electrostatics ... 3
1.1. Origin ofElectrostaticCharge. 3
2. ProductDescription ... 3
2.1. Specifications . .4
2.2. MeasuringRange .4
2.3. Caption 4
3. Manual ... 5
3.1. MeasuringPrinciple 5
3.2. Application Areas 5
3.3. Button Features 5
3.4. Initiation .. 5
3.5. Hold . 5
3.6. MeasurementRanges .. 6
3.7. ChangingtheMeasurementDistance .. 6
3.8. Spacers .7
3.9. Display .7
3.10. BatteryMonitoring 7
3.11. Grounding .. 7
4. Maintenance .. 8
4.1. BatteryReplacement 8
4.2. Zero Point 8
4.3. AccuracyAdjustment .. 8
4.4. GuaranteeItems .. 9
4.5. DisposalofBatteriesand Accumulators . .9
4.6. DisposalofDevice .. 9
5. ScopeofDelivery .. 10
6. WarningNotices 10
7. Calibration . 10

ManualEFM022 3
1. General Information on Electrostatics
Nowadays ESD1is aproblematmanyworkstations, becausemodern
microelectronics2is easilydestroyed bythesequels ofESD. Other branchesof
industrylikee.g. telecommunications, plastics, and explosivematerialindustryare
also heavilyaffected byESD.
ESDcauses losses oftimeas well as high financiallosses and can endangerthe
human health. Charges ofover 10000 Volts can emergeon people, clothes,materials
and equipment. Devices thatare sensitiveto electrostatics can bedamagedby
electrostaticdischarges ofless than 100 Volts. Charges of3000 Volts and more can
causesparks. In endangered areas thatcan causeexplosions.
1.1.Originof ElectrostaticCharge
Triboelectricity3is caused byattrition ofdifferentmaterials. Electrons are transferred
fromonematerialto theother.As electrons arecharged negativethematerialthat
releases electrons is charged positive.Thematerialadmittingelectrons is charged
negative.There are differentways to avoid orto dischargeelectrostaticcharges. But
to find an effectiveand reasonablesolution firstofall theemergence, amountand
polarityofthechargehaveto befound. Ourdevices are suitableforthatpurposeand
forthesupervision offavored charge.
2. Product Description
Theunit is housed into an EMVplasticenclosure.Theinfluenceelectrodeis star
shaped. In frontofit in asmall distance apartarotatinggrounded modulation
propeller with thesameshapeas theelectrodeis located. Theinfluenceelectrodeis
enclosed byaringelectrodesystemthatis usedas mechanicalshield forthepropeller
wheeland thesensorplate.A2 x12 digit alphanumericLCdisplayis located atthe
frontofthedevice.
Thedevice has an integrated micro computer withthefollowingfunctions:
lConversion ofthemeasured field intensityover theadjusted measurement
distance to thechargeinVolts
lOnebutton operation
lPermanentsupervision ofthebatteryvoltagewithautomaticshut-down
lChargeplatemode4
1electrostaticdischarge2
integratedcircuits
3
Greek:tribeia=friction4 with optionalCPS kit

ManualEFM022 4
2.1. Specifications
Dimensions(LxWxH): Approx. 70mm x122mmx26mm
Weight: Approx. 130g
Calibration in parallelplatecapacitor: 200mm x200mm, distance 20mm
Calibration accuracy: <5%
Battery: 9ValkalineorNiMHbattery
Operatingtime: Approx. 10h with alkalinebattery
2.2. MeasuringRange
Distance Measuringrange Max. resolution
1cm 0 10kV 1V
2cm 0 20kV 2V
5cm 0 50kV 5V
10cm 0 100kV 10V
20cm 0 200kV 20V
2.3. Caption
1Cover cap6Spacer
2Accuracyadjustmenttrimmer 7Zero pointtrimmer
3Modulatorsystem8AlphanumericLCDdisplay
4Button <function/on>9Batterycase(on theback)
5Groundingjack
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

ManualEFM022 5
3. Manual
3.1. MeasuringPrinciple
Theelectrostaticfield meter is aparametricamplifier.Theelectricfield influences a
currentproportionalto theelectrostaticfield. Thecurrentis amplifiedand measured
with aselectiveamplifier. No energyis taken fromthefield over timemeans.
No radioactive matters areused!
3.2.ApplicationAreas
Detection and controlofelectrostaticfield resp. charges, Measuringofelectric
charges, Electrostaticcharges, Veryhigh-resistancevoltagesources.
3.3.Button Features
Power On Press <function/on>1 timeshortly
Hold Press <function/on>1 timeshortlyto switch on oroff
Distance Press <function/on>until “changecm”appears
Press <function/on>1 timeshortlyto changeto anewdistance orto
CPS mode, wait approx.2s to selectthedisplayedfunction
Power Off Press <function/on>2 times in quick succession
3.4.Initiation
Bypressingthe<function/on>button on thefrontpanelthedeviceis switched on. By
pressingthe<function/on>button twice in normaloperation thedeviceis switched
off.
Powerondevice firstlythentheblack covercap onthemodulatorsystemhas to be
removed beforemeasuring!
Ifthe<function/on>button is notpressed forabout3.5 min, thedevice switches offto
savepowerand to preventdischargeoftheaccumulator.
3.5. Hold
Thedevice has ahold function to freezethecurrentmeasuringvalue.Bypressingthe
<function/on>onetimethevaluemeasuredatthattimeremains in thedisplay.The
upper lineshows “Hold”and in thebottomlinetheresult is displayed. Bypressingthe
<function/on>button again thehold function is switched offand thecurrentresult is
displayed.

ManualEFM022 6
3.6. Measurement Ranges
After switchingthedeviceon thedistance selecteddistance is 2cm.Ifyou wantto
measure with thatdistance5you justhaveto placethedevice 2cmin frontofthe
objectto bemeasured. Formostcases this distanceis idealbecausecharges up to
16kVcan bemeasured (see specifications).Butthere are cases in which the
measuringdistance should bechanged. In caseofveryhighcharges orveryrough
surfaces thedistance should beincreased. In caseofverylowcharges thesmallest
distance (1cm)should beselected.
3.7. ChangingtheMeasurement Distance
Press <function/on>until thelower lineshows “changedistance”(approx. 2sec).In
theupper linethecurrentdistance is shown in cm. Bypressing<function/on>the
distance can bechanged in thefollowingorder:
To selectthedisplayed valuewait (withoutpressing<function/on>)until thecurrent
measurementvalueis displayed in thebottomline.In theupper linethenewdistance
is displayed. Continuemeasuringusingthenewdistance.Thedistance is measured
fromtheplatebehind themodulatorblade.Theplateis located 6.4mm in frontofthe
device frontplane.
Afterswitching thedevice offand onalways 2cmdistance areselected!
Theelectrostaticfield meter measures thedirectvoltagefield strength. Overthe
selected distancethefield strength is converted tothechargeon theobject:
displayed value[V]=field strength [V/m]xdistance [m]
Example:
With adistance of10cmand adisplayed valueof1000Vthefield strengthis:
E =1000V/0.1m=10000V/m
5entsprichtdemmitgeliefertenAbstandhalter
CPS
Mode
2cm
5cm
10cm
20cm
1cm
2c
m

ManualEFM022 7
3.8. Spacers
Theshipmentincludes 2 spacersforthemeasurementdistance 2cm.Thosecan be
screwed in thefrontplate.
3.9. Display
Thedisplayis adouble-spacedalphanumericLCDdisplaywith 12 digits in each row
(2 x12).In theupper linetheselected distance isdisplayed in cm.In thebottomline
themeasuredchargeis displayed inVolt from999Von thedisplaychangesto kV
display.Thedisplayed valueis always triple-digit:
Examples:
If “overflow”is displayed, thedistance has to beincreased
3.10. BatteryMonitoring
Thedevice has permanentbatteryvoltagemonitoring.Byundercuttingabattery
voltageof7.6Vtheupperlinedisplays “LowBattery!”.In thatcasethe9Vbatteryhas
to becharged orrenewed. Byundercutting7.1Vthedisplayshows “auto off”for
about2s and thedevicepowers offto preventfurther damage.
Attention: Exclusivelyuse9ValkalineorNiMHbatteries. Rechargeablebatteries
haveto becharged outsidethedevicein asuited batterycharger. Pleasepayattention
to manufacturer instructions!Used batteries can bereturned to us orhaveto be
disposed professionally.
3.11. Grounding
Thedevice has to begrounded properlyto measure theamountand thepolarityofan
electrostaticfield. Forthatpurposethedevice hasto beconnected to ground byusing
thegroundingjack (5).Groundingthedevice byagrounded person (e.g. over
conductiveshoes orwriststrap)touchingthegroundingjack suffices undermost
circumstances.
578V
3,85kV
24,0kV
274kV

ManualEFM022 8
4. Maintenance
Themodulatorsystemorparts ofit mustnotbetouched. Thoseparts haveto be
protected ofdust, isolatingimpuritylayers, colororpainthazeand condensate.If
required themodulatorsystemcan becleanedwith ethylalcoholand alint-freecotton
cloth.
4.1.BatteryReplacement
When “LowBattery”appears in thedisplaythe9Vbatteryhas to becharged
(accumulator) orrenewed (alkaline).Forthis thedevice has to beturned offand the
batterycasehas to beopened byslidingdown.Thebatteryhas to betakenoutand the
batteryclip pulled off.Theclip needs to beplugged to thenewbatteryandputback
with thebatteryinto thedevice.Finallythebatterycaseshould beclosed again.
4.2. ZeroPoint
Under normalcircumstances azero pointadjustmentis notnecessary.Ifthedevice
does notshowU=000Vwhilethemodulatorsystemis screened (e.g. mounted cover
cap)thezero pointcan beadjusted usingthetrimmer (7)on therightsideofthe
device.Thelastdigit ofthedisplaymaybeignored as thaterroris smaller than the
admissibletolerance.
4.3.AccuracyAdjustment
Ifthere isabigmeasuringerrorwhen calibratingthedevice, theaccuracyadjustment
is availablebyusingthetrimmer (2)which is underQClabelon theleftsideofthe
device.There needareference DCvoltageoutputequipmentto calibratethedevice.
Adjustingaccuracyinto +/-5%ofreference DCvoltagebyrotatingtrimmer (2).
Trimmer(7)
On therightsideofdevice
Trimmer(2)
On theleft sideofdevice

ManualEFM022 9
4.4.GuaranteeItems
Weprovidea12 month guaranteein caseofproperapplication accordingto the
manual. Excluded oftheguaranteeare:Thebatteryresp. theaccumulator,damageby
electricshock, wronggroundingand mechanicaldamageofthedevice.Theguarantee
expires ifthedevice wasopened.
4.5.Batteriesand accumulatorsarenotallowed inthehouseholdwaste!
Everyconsumermustbylaw, disposeofall batteries and accumulators atamunicipal
orcommercialcollectioncenter,freeofcharge.Thereby, thedisposalwill be
environmentallyfriendly.
Batteries and accumulators are marked with thefollowingsymbol:
4.6.Electricalandelectronicequipmentarenotallowed inthehouseholdwaste!
When theequipmentis notused anymore, everyconsumer mustbylaw, separatethe
equipmentfromthehousehold wasteand bringit to amunicipalcollection center. Old
electricalequipmentis accepted therefree ofcharge.This will ensure thattheold
equipmentis handled byexperts and it will avoid negativeimpacton theenvironment.
Electricalequipmentismarked with thefollowingsymbol:
Thiscrossedoutgarbagebinmeansthatyou maynotdispose ofbatteries and
Accumulatorsinthehouseholdwaste. Underthissignyou mayalsofind
Sometimes, inaddition,thefollowingabbreviationsrelatedtothematerials
Contents:
Pb=lead,Cd=cadmiumand Hg=mercury.
Theblackbarunderthecrossedoutgarbagebinindicates thattheequipment
wasputintocirculationafterAugust13,2005.

ManualEFM022 10
5. Scope ofDelivery
Thebasicequipmentoftheelectrostaticfield meter includes thefollowing
components:
lSoftbag
lElectrostaticfield meter
l9Valkalinebattery
lGroundingcablewith alligatorclip
lManual
lCertificateofcalibration
Optional:
lCarryingcase
l9VNiMHaccumulators
lPlug-in charger EC109
6. Warning Notices
lTheelectrostaticfield meter mustnotbeopened. Byopeningtheguarantee
expires!
lTheelectrostaticfield meter mustnotbeused in explosiveareas. No
admission forexplosivearea!
lIfhighcharges are possibletheelectrostaticfieldmeter mustbegrounded.
An adequatedistance mustbekept!
lFlashovers on themodulatorsystemmustbeavoided!
lTheuseofthedevice inpower plants orcomparableareas is prohibited!
lThedevice can notmeasure alternatingfields >1Hz!
7. Calibration
Acheck ofthemeasurementvalues is recommended annually.
©2011 -Kleinwächter GmbH