Kodak vest pocket B User manual

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'' Outdoor Exposure Guide
for the Vest Pock-et Kodak, Model B
Sus.rnct Srop
OppNrNc Srruttpn
Spppp
Ordinary landscapes show-
ing sky, with a principal
obiect in the foreground.
Snow. marine and beach
scenes.'btremely dis-
tant landscapes. Moun:
tains.
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
No. 3\
one
second
No. 1
gl .tb" hours f-torn2/2
tro"is uft.it sunrise until 2rfi-\ours before sun-
;;t "; auvt whe., the sun is shining. If-pictures
;;;;tA; earlier or later in-the dav.than this
ilii.a, rt iii-t it a slishttu cloudv .oi hazv dav,
irse the next larger stop opemng than t'he one
specified--tG-largest stop- opening is No' 1' The
nts-h; the iumber the smaller the opening'
Picturetakingwith the
*+
.t'
VestPocket
EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
RocnnsrER,
N.Y., U. S.
A'
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66Kodak"
TRADE MARK
1888
EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
Rocnnsrnn, N. Y.
Manufacttners o!
Koner BRowNrE AND
Hewr-Evn C.IMERAS
Crwf-Kooars Kooascopns
Koner Frr,u Vnr,ox Sor,ro
EesrueN Bnorvrrop Pappns
Ko'per Fr'r,
lr T.rNrs
Easruan TpsrEb Cnnnrc.r.r.s
Koo.g DnrM ouNrrNcTrgsun
Tnrpoog eNp.Org,pn Pnoro-
GRAPHTcM.rrsnr.rr,s-
Trade Marlcs Reg. U. S. Pat. Of .
..KODAKERY''
j
:l
ll
rf\HIS most interestins and profuselv
I illustrated monthly magazine
sho#s
how to make better pictures, and de-
scribesmany novel and unusual meth-
ods of making photographs. Anyone
who buys an Eastman camera is en-
titled to "Kodakery," freeof charge.
Return the post card included with
this manual, properly filled out, and
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to renew.
Send
usthe cardpromptly, and start
enjoying "Kodakery" at.once. There
is no charge;
no obligation.
EASTMAN KODAK CON{PANY,
Rocupsrnn, Npw Yom.
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Picture taking with tlte
VestPocket
Kodak
Model B
SrNcr,o LpNs
Published bu
EASTMANKODAK COMPANY
Rocnosrnn,
N.Y.,U. S.A.
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Order Film by Number
All Kodak Films are distinguished
bv the numbers on the ends of the
ci,rtons. The number is also on the
cartridge, and on the Kodak.
L 127is the number of film for the
Vest Pocket Kodak, Model B.
Autographic Film can be usedin the
earliermoiielsof cameras,
and "N.C."
film can be used in Autographic
Kodaks.
Autographic resultscan only be ob-
tained by'using Autographic-
Film in
an Autographic Kodak.
IMPORTANT
When autograPhing film, bear
down $tith the stylus as heauilY
as the paper will stand without
tearing.
Before Loading
Before
taking any pictures
with your
Kodak, read the following instructions
carefully. Make yourself familiar with
thecamera,taking especial
careto learn
how to operate the shutter (seepage
11). Work it for both instantaneous
and time exposures
severaltimes before
Ioading the Kodak with fiIm.
The first thing to rememberis that
the light, which impressesthe photo-
graphic image upon the sensitive film
in afraction of a second.
when it comes
through the lens,can destroy the fiIm
as quickly as it makes the picture.
While loading and unloading, be very
careful to keep the red paper wound
tightly around the film to prevent the
light striking it.
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CONTENTS
Loading the Kodak
Making the Exposures
Opening
thetr'ront
Operating the Shutter
Instantaneous ExPosures
Diaphragm or StoP OPenings
Autographic I'eature
Time Exposures-Interiors
To Make a Portrait . .
Time Exposures-Outdoors
Flash-light ExPosures
Closing the Kodak
Removing the F
ilm
Finishingthe Pictures .
Loading the Kodak
rf\HE Vest Pocket Kodak, Model B,
I can be loaded or unloaded in day-
light. This should be done in a subdued
light, not in direct sunlight.
IJse film No. A L27 for this Kodak.
After the seal around the film is
broken, care must be taken to keep the
red paper tight on the spool or it might
slip and loosen sufficiently to let in
light which would fog and ruin the film.
To load the Kodak:
l. Push the sliding lock as shown in
Fig. I, to unfasten it.
Frc.
I.
Take the front of the camera by the
edgesand lift the end on whieh the lock
is attaehed. then draw out and remove
c
10
10
11
13
16
22
27
31
35
37
38
39
44
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that part of the Kodak entirely, as in
Fig. II.
2. In one end of the roll holder there
is a reel with a slit in it, on which the
film is wound after exposure.
3. Draw out the winding key as far
as it will come, and remove the empty
spool or reel by tapping the roll holder
on the palm of the hand.
4. Remove the band from around
the redpaper,
Fig. III, Page
7.
Give the empty spool three or four
turns,enough
tb bind the paperon the
reel. The paper must
and the full spool must
SLOT
draw straight
not loosen.
5. Unroll about four inches of the
red paper and place the spools into the
film pockets, keeping the red paper
taut. The slotted end of the empty
spool must be placed next to the wind-
ing key, Fig. IV.
Fro. IV.
6. Press in and turn the winding
key until it fits into the slotted end of
the empty spool, as in Fig. V, page
8.
The red paper must draw from the
underside
of the full spool.
Fra. III.
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f
- 7. Replace the front, first inserting
the end opposite the lock, FiS. VI; the
edge of the roll holder must fit into the
8. Turn the key and watch the red
window. After a few turns have been
given, a warning hand will appear; now
turn the key slowly until the figure 1
is in the center of the red window.
for theThe film is now in position
first exposure.
Press in the winding key
when turning it, to keep the
the key in the slot in the spool.
slightlSr
web on
Load your Kodak with Kodak
Filrn.
Look for this Trade Mark on the
box:
Frc YI.
groove on this end of the front. Press
the end on which the lock is attached
into placeand push over the lock, mak-
ing sure that it is fastened seeurely. " If it isn't Eastmart,
it isn't Kodak Film."
EASTMAN
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Making the Exposures
D EFORE making an exposure with
I-D the Vest Pocket Kodak, three
things must be done:
First-The shutter must be adjusted
for an instantaneous or time exposure.
Second-The diaphragm dial turned
to the correct stop opening.
Third-An unexposed section of the
film turned into position.
Openin$ the Front
Frc. I.
Opening the
Front.
Raise the lever near the winding key,
trig. I, and draw down the bed of the
Ko?ak until the side arms catch.
Draw out the lens standard by the
knurled finger grips, Fig. II, page 14.
Operating the Shutter
A
In the illustration, A is the indicator
that adjusts the shutter for instanta-
neous or time exposures.
The dial B eontrols the diaphragm
or stop openings indicated by the
numbers l, 2,3 and 4, which appear in
the eircular opening on the front of the
shutter near the letter B.
C is the exposure lever; one move-
ment, either up or down with indicator
A at "I," makes a snapshot or instan-
taneous exposure; and two movements
-one to open the shutter and another
to close it, with indicator A at "T,"
make a time exposure.
10
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Instantaqeous Exposures
"Snapshots"
Fdrsf-Move the indicator A to "I."
This adjuststhe shutter for Instantan-
eous
or Snapshot
Exposures.
Second-Revolve thediaphragmdial
B'by the milled edge,
until number I
is cdntered
in the ciicular opening,see
illustration
of shutter
onpage
11. This
brings the largest diaphragm or stop
open"inq
before
the lens. No. I is the
correciopening for ordinary outdoor
pictures,
suchasstreetscenes,
nearby
views,
etc.,when the subject
is in the
bright sunlight.
Third-To ma!<e
theexposure,
move
the lever C onceeither up or down.
Push the Iever until it clicks. Unless
it ispushed
as
far as
it will go,
no click
will be heard and no exposure
will be
made. Move the lever slowlgsoasnot
to jar the Kodak.
Time Exposures
First-Move the indicator A to "T"
(time). This adjusts the shutter for
Time Exposures.
Second-Revolve the dial B unti^
No. 1, 2, 3 or 4 showsin the circular
opening.'See
instructionsfor usingthe
diaohrasm or stop openingsgiven on
pases
l6'and 17;aisot-he
table
for mak-
ing Interior Time Exposures
on pages
31 and 32, andthe table for Time Ex-
posures
Outdoors
on page35.
Third-Press the exposurelever C
until it clicks. This opens
the shutter,
which norv stays open. Time the ex-
posure
by a watch. Press
the exposure
Iever in the opposite
direction.-This
closes
the shutter
Important-Neaer oil theshutter.
In case of accident.return the Kodak
to your dealeror to usfor repairs.
Instantaneous Exposures
. ttsnapshotstt
When making instantaneous expo-
suresor snapshots,
the subject shouli.
be in the broad, opensunlight, but the
cameramust not. The sun should be
behind your back or over the shoulder.
If it shinesdirectly into the lensit will
blur and fog the picture.
To make portraits outdoors, when
the sun is shiningbrightly, the subject
should be in the shade of a buildins
or a largetree, but with clearand unl
obstructed
sky overhead-use stop No.
3 or No. 4, place the Kodak on some
firm, steadysupport (do not hold it in
the hands) and make a shorttime ex-
posure. The exposurelever C should
be moved twice. up and downordown
and up rvithout a pause,
and care must
t2 13
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be taken not to jat the camera. By
following this rule, unpleasant and dis-
torting shadows on the face will be
avoided.
Special instructions for making por-
traits indoors, are given on page 31.
To Focus the Kodak
Draw out the lens standard by the
knurled finger grips, below the shutter,
as in Fig. II. It must be drawn out
until the focusing catch "clicks" into
the notch of the raised spring on the
camera bed.
Frc. II.
Dratting out theLens Standard.
The Kodak is now in focus for
jects about six feet and beyond.
What Depth of Focus Means
Whenthe lensis used
with its larsest
opening,No. 1, an object 7rh feet
-dis-
tant will besharp,objectsabout O
feet
distant,ryhile
not as
sharp,
will besharp
enough for ordinary purposes. Turir
the diaphragm dial to No. 2 and ob-
jectsnearerto the Kodak will increase
in sharpness.Go farther and usestop
No. 4 and everything about 4 feet and
beyond,will be sharp. It will thus be
seen
that the smallerthe stop opening
the greater the depth of focus, that is',
the greaterthe power of the lensto de-
fine
-sharply
nearbyand distant objects
at the sametime. It is obviousihat
with the smallstops
the exposure
must
be correspondingly
increased.
Depth of Focus
_ -Stop or Range of
Diaphragm Sharpness
No. I . 7% feet to Infinity
,, 2 .6% u 4 '
aaeFgut!
u.... .)
" 4 ......4 ,t u i
The table -abovegives the range of
sfarp. definition or depth of focus-,
for
the different stop openings
of the Vest
Pocket Kodak, Nlollel B.
T4
sub-
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N0.
I
N0.
?
NO.3
N0.4
CoPYRTcHT1922 By
EASTMAN KoDAK CoMpANy
stop openings and
differ.
These eircles
show the actual
sizes of the dia-
phragm or stop
openings of the
shutter used on
the Vest Pocket
Kodak, Model
B, with Single
Lens.Theyclear-
ly shor,vthe rela-
tive sizes of the
how their areas
o
o
o
Diaphragm or
Stop Openings
The diaphragms, or stops as they
are sometimes called, are the openings
that regulate the amount of light pass-
ilg through the lens. The openings are
changed by revolving the milled dial B,
see
page 11.
No. l-For all ordi.nary outdoor pic-
fzres, such as nearby landscapes show-
ing little or no sky, groups and street
scenes,when the subject is in the bright
sunlight, with the shutter adjusted for
instantaneous exposures. For Interior
Time Exposures, seetable on pages 31
and 32.
No. 2-For open views, when the
sunlight on the subject is unusually
bright,andthereareno heavy shadows,
suchas
views
at theseashoreandonthe
water, with the shutter adjusted for
an instantaneous exposure. For In-
terior Time Exposures, the time for
which is givenin the table on pages
31
and 32.
No. 3-For instantaneous
exposures
of extremely distant views, marines,
snowscenesand clouds,in bright sun-
Iight. For Interior Time Exposures,
seetable on pages
31 and 32, and for
Time Exposures Outdoors on cloudv
days. The exposures requiredfor Time
ExposuresOutdoors are given in the
table on page 35.
No. 4-For Interior Time Exposures.
also for Time ExposuresOutdoors ori
cloudy days. Neuer
for i,nstantaneous
efr'posuTes,
The smaller the stop opening the
sharperthe nearby objectswill be, see
table on page15.
If stopsNo. 3 and No. 4 areusedfor
ordinary instantaneous exposurcs,
fail-
urewill result.
Throughout this manual all expo-
sures
givenfor outdoor subjectsarefor
the hours from two and a half hours
after sunrise
until two and a half hours
before sunset. If earlier or later, the
exposures
must be longer.
1
I
.1
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For subjects in the shadow, under
porches or under- trees, no accurate
directions can be given; experience only
can teach the correct exposure to give.
When making pictures under these
conditions the Kodak must be placed
on a tripod or some other steadY, firm
support.Using the Finder
The finder shows what will aPPear in
the picture, but on a much reduced
scale.
Point the lens at the subject to be
photosraphed and looking into the
hnderJrom directly over the center of
it, include what you want bY turning
to the right or left, see illustration on
page 20.
Frc.
III.
To make a vertical picture, hold the
Kodak as in Fig. III. For a horizonta'l
picture, turn thb Kodak and the f'nder ,
as in Fig. IV, page 19.
It will be noticed that the top of the
finder is notched, as shown in Fig. V.
This enables the one finder to show
the correct view when the Kodak is
held in either the vertical or the
horizontal position.
.*.q 1"
Frc.IV.
Only what is seen in that part of the
finder represented by the white area
of the diagrams below, will be includ-
ed in the nieture.
VIEW INCI,UDED WIIEN VIEW INCIJUDED WEEIN
MAKING A YERTICAL MAKING A EORIZONTAIJ
PrcruRE' Frc. v. PrcruRE'
Hold the Kodak steadv-hold it
level as shown in the illustrbtions, and
press the exposure lever up or down.
This makes the enposure.
19
18
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Hold the Kodak Level
The I(odak must be held level. If
all of the subjeet cannot be included
in the finder without tilting the lens
upwards, move backwards until it is
all inelucled uith the camera held leuel.
IMPORTANT
When making instantaneous ex-
posures or snapshots with any
Kodak, hold it firmly against the
body as shown, and when pushing
the exposure lever hold the breath
for the instant. If the camera is
moved during the exposure, the
picture will be blurred.
Resutt
p,oaur rlJf, Itnrorsthe
Kodarc.
Tilting the Kodak to bring in the
top of a tall building produceJthe dis-
torted effeet shown in Fig. VI. Some-
times a tall building can be photo-
graphed from a building opposit-e, at a
level r,vithits center.
2T
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If the subject is below the normal
height, like a small child or a dog, the
Kodak should be held down level with
the center of the subject.
The Autographic Feature
The autographic feature makes it
possibleto record on Autographic Film,
at the time of exposure, any data, such
as
the name of place or subject, the date
or any other memo. This is done
through a small opening in the back of
the Kodak and the record normallv
comes just outside the picture area df
the negative.
Aufo Rant {-PPiht& ?2& f"rf,g !/aoo$gac.
t{ertA*.$ftr^^t' Rrt4-&0f{r},if,Y,
9/t I z"r
La^*aU rV;t;vn w*4 S q{rr17t,
,t/"* | 2V
N;Ad A f&Ij'",f\r,y" g,6-,lt$0 src'
8 pv;^f466"4*Dwa.f,G.C. $u tlr&,w
Wa#;t G fe^, tl.Y..f.
$, z*es&.
Va#rz
Autographic Records.
The Autographic Reeords above
suggest a few of the many ways in
which they may be used to add value to
your negatives.
An Autographic Kodak used with
the Autographic Film Cartridge offers
the great advantage of making the date
and title a part of the negativ *made
on the
fiIm, and at the t'ime. It forms an
indisputable record that will be appre-
ciated more and more as the years go
by. Many pictures tell the "where"
and t'who" but the more important
"when" can only be guessed at. Even
when the title of a picture is obvious,
the date should always be put on as a
matter of record for future certaintv
and satisfaction.
Pu
shin
s ulif ,lr"tti d
in
s
-
d,
oo,
.
After the exposurehas been made,
removethe stylus from the sideof the
shutter. Pushback the sliding-door
on
the back of the Kodak, with the point
of the stvlusin the hole in the eenterof
the dooi, as shownin Fig. VII. Hold
the stylus as upright as possible,
The Method
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Fig. VIII, and write on the strip of
red paper any memorandum
desired,
suehasthetitle ofthe
picture,
thedate,
or anv other details.
- Close the sliding-door with the stylus
before winding the next section of hh
into place.
Turn a new section of film into
position: Press in slightly on the
winding key and turn it-slowly, three
to four times, until the next number ap-
pears in the red window. Do this aft-er
each exposure. The warning hand an-
pears only before No. 1 of each roll bf
film.
To bring the autographic records
exactly between the negatives, the film
must be turned carefully, untii the next
number is centered in the red window.
It is advisable to turn the next sec-
tilrn of film into position ,immediatelll
after making an exposure and the auto-
graphic^reeord This avoids the possi-
bility of getting two exposures on the
same section of filnr.
Importanf-When you have ex-
posed the last section of the film and
made the autographic record of it, turn
the winding [ey until the letter A
appears in the center of the red window.
Push back the slidins-door and write
your nam_e
on the red-paper, expose it
to the light as when mbking'the expo-
sure records, then close the door Cnd
finish winding film and red paper for re-
moval from the Kodak. The film is
now ready to send to your finisher, and
{
{
Frc. VIIL
Position oI Stulus when making on
Autographic Becord. .
To get a clear impression, press
firmly on both the up and down
strokes. While writing, or after-
wards, shield the paper from the
sun.
When the record has been made.
expose
it to the light asfollows:
Erposeto the
Sky, butnot to the
Sun:
ourDooRst"i3ll""3'.?,,1"
BRTLLTANT LrcHT 2 to 5 Secs. 5 to 7 Secg-
DULrr LrcHT 5 to 10 Secs. 10 to 15 Secs.
ErposetoArtifi.cialLight:
__Er,ocrnrc Lrcnr, distance two inches, 30 to
60 seconds.
W'nr,gs.lcrr Ges Lrcur, distance six inches,
30 to 60 seeonds. 24
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when developed will -be easily identi-
n.a UV the i,utographic c.opy of your
nu-. iotti.tt you wrote on the red paper'
Kodak SkY Filter: This accessory
is -for obtaining more .
detail in the
aona. when photograp\ing landscap.es'
The upper htlf of the filter is stained' a
;;ilt*-iolor which reduces.
the bright-
it... "f the sky and- equalizes the ex-
;;;t", the col6rless lower h^ulfpermits
;;;"ial exposure for -the-foregrotttt+'
The same exPosure should be made
;iih tn" roaat Skv Filter in. position
ar would be required without it'
Use Kod,ak SkA Filter l{o' 8 with the
Vesf Po.t .t Kodak, Model B, when it
is fitted with the Single Lens'
Kodak Color Filter: This attach-
-."i i. "tp"cially valuable in outdoor
pn-otogtaPhy, a+a for all subjectt tg,t-
taininE cblors that act slqwly on lne
sensitive film. It is helpful in cleartng
iui" when photograPliing extremely
distant landscapes; also. tor recordlng
the eorrect coloi ualues itt u black and
*^nit" -print, of flowers, fruit and other
;;i;;;douieicts. When'using the Kodak
Coiot Filt'er make an exposu-re .about
seven times longer than would' be re-
quired without it.
Use Kod'akColorFilter l[o' 8 with the
Ve.f Pocket Kodak, Mo-del B, when it
is fitted with the Single Lens'
Time Exposures-Interiors
To make a Time Exposure with the
Kodak in the vertical position, open
the front and draw out the lens
standard, see pages 10 and 14. Use
the locking lever as a support, and
place the camera on something steady
and level, such as a table or chair, in the
position as shown in Fig. IX. Be sure,
however, to place the Kodak not more
than two or three inches from the edse.
to avoid including part of the table-oi
chair in the picture.
The Kodak has
onetripod socket
for
makingpictures
in thevertical position.
The diagramon page
28,
shows
three
positions
for the Kodak. It shouldnot
b_e
pointed directly at a window, as
the
glareof light will blur the picture. If
all the windows cannot be avoidedn
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draw the shades of those n'ithin range
of the lens.
Diagram Showing Positions for Kodak
To make a Time Exposure with the
camera in the horizontal position, move
the locking lever until it projects slight-
ly bevond the front edge of the bed of
Kodak, and place the camera in the
po:ition shown in Fig. X.
Frc.X.
Adjust the shutter for a Time Ex-
posure by placing the indicator A at the
top of the shutter exaetly at the letter
"Tl' see
pages
11 and 12.
All being ready, steady the Kodak
with the left hand, then press the ex-
28
posure lever, once, either up or down.
This opens
the shutter. Time the expo-
sure by a watch. Press the lever in the
opposite direetion to close the shutter.
In doing this be careful that the finger
does not come in front of the lens.
Another Method
Another way of making short tirne
exposures, which has much to recom-
mend it, is as follows:
Hold the hand or a card, elose to
the front of the Kodak, to cover the
lens and exclude all light as in Fig. XI.
-Tt" xt.-
Press the exposure lever to open the
shutter: remove the hand and give the
proper exposure; replace the hand in
front of the lens and again press the
lever to close the shutter.
Some amateurs prefer this method
with any camera not having a cable
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release,as it practically does away with
any danger of jarring the camera during
exposure, and thus blurring the picture.
Turn the Winding Key: After
making the autographic record, turn
the winding key until the next number
appears in the center of the window.
Tnn Kooar rs Now READY
FoR THE
NEXTINrpnron ExposuRE.
Follow these directions for each ex-
posure.
When the last Interior Exposure has
been made, always move the indieator
A at the top of the shutter, from ((T"
to "I," to be ready for Instantaneous
or Snapshot
Exposures.
Optipod: A
small, Iight, con-
venient accessory
that can often be
used in place of a
tripod, or together
with a tripod. The
Optipod is a com-
bined tripod head
and felt-protected
;i;;p *[i;ti -;t Frc'
XII'
tripod, for photographing objects at
close range and at an angle fiom the
camera, that would make the use of a
tlip.od irnpossible without this tilting
deviee.
.The O_p-tipodis_
very compact, slip-
ping readily into-the pocket and may 6e
carried without inconvenience.
Bxposure Table for Interiors
The table on page 32 gives suitable
exposures for varying conditions of
light, using stop No. 2. If stop No. 1 is
used, give one-half the time of the
table. If stop No. 3 is used, double the
time; ?nd when stop No. 4 is used, give
four times the exposures given in the
table.
The smaller the stop opening the
greater_the depth of focus, seepage 15.
Stop No. ? gives the best -average
results for Interiors.
The exposures in the table on page 32
&re for rooms where windows get the
direct light from the sky, and foi hours
from three hours after sunrise until
three hours before sunset. If earlier or
later the exposures must be longer.
To Make a Portrait
The subject should be seated in a
chair partly facing the light, with the
body turned slightly away from, and
the face turned towards the camera
be attached to the edge of a table, chair
or other suitable objEct, see Fig. Xff.
The ball and socket joint on the Opti-
pod permits tilting the camera to almost
qny a_n_gle.This feature is especially
desirable if the Optipod is used with -a
31
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which should be a little higher than an
ordinary table. The subject should
look at an object level with the lens, or
directly at the lens. Compose the pic-
ture in the finder. For a three-quarter
figure the Kodak should be -about
eight feet from the subject, and for a
full-length figure about ten feet.
The background should form a con-
trast rvith the subject; a light back-
ground usually gives a better effect
than a dark one. To get a good
light on the face,
follow the arranse-
ment shown in the
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diagram. A reflector
helps to get detail in
the shaded part of
the face. A white
towel or sheet held
by an assistant, or
thrown over a
screen
or other hisl,
piece of furniture
will make a suitable reflector; it should
be at an angle and in the position indi-
cated in the diagram.
"How to Make Good Pictures," a
book containing manv diagrams and
illustrations showing various lishtins
effects, can be obtained from a Kodaii
dealer.
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