KONTINITRO Explomet 2 User manual

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Velocity Of Detonation Measuring Instrument
Guide & Manual
DESIGNED & MANUFACTURED BY
Swiss Manufacturer of Detonating Velocity Measuring
Instruments for Explosives and Propellants Since 1936

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MEASURING METHOD AND PRINCIPLE OF
OPERATION
The Explomet 2™has 5 independent timers measuring the time
intervals between the illumination of 6 fiber optic cables.
It is not necessary to respect an order to connect the optical fibers either
on the explosive or the Explomet 2.
The instrument can record from 1 to 5 V.O.D measurements at a time
depending on the number of optical fibers used from 2 to 6.
The Explomet 2 operates in one of the following modes:
1: Velocity and Time: the first optic fiber to be illuminated gives the
starting signal: start and the last fiber to be illuminated gives the stop
signal: stop. The Explomet 2 measures the time intervals in micro
seconds between the illumination of two consecutive optic fibers and
calculates the Velocity of Detonation (V.O.D) in meter per second [m/s].
2: Time Only: The optic fibers are illuminated randomly. The Explomet
2 measures the time intervals (in microseconds) between the
illumination of the first and the second fiber, then between the second
and the third fiber, and so on until a maximum of 6 optical fibers.
SPECIFICATIONS
Dimension:
oExplomet 2
130 x 184 x 50-80 [mm]
oExplorer Transport Case (OPTIONAL)
Outside Diameter: 360 x 460 x 160 [mm]
Weight:
oExplomet 2: 0.85 [kg],
oExplomet 2 with case and material: 5.5 [kg]
Autonomy:
o11h hours on rechargeable Lithium Ion batteries 18650
oAC/DC adapter/charger for 220-230V/50Hz or 110V/60Hz or
car charger/adapter or alligator clips. Average batteries
charging time: 4 hours
Operating range:
oDistance between two optical fibers on the explosive: from 50
[mm] to 9999 [mm]
oDetonating velocity up to 15’000 [m/s]
oTime interval measurement: 10 nanoseconds to 10.7 seconds
QUICK VIEW
THE EXPLOMET 2 IS AN
ELECTRONIC TIME
COUNTER WHICH CAN
MEASURE THE
VELOCITY OF
DETONATION OF ANY
EXPLOSIVE OR
PROPELLANT UP TO
15’000 [M/S]. THIS
MEASURING
INSTRUMENT IS
TRIGGERED BY THE
LIGHT EMITTED DURING
THE EXPLOSION AND
TRANSMITTED BY
MEANS OF PLASTIC
OPTIC FIBER PLACED
INTO THE EXPLOSIVE.
APPLICATION AREAS:
OCIVIL
ENGINEERING
OMILITARY
ENGINEERING
OAEROSPACE
ENGINEERING
OPHYSICS
OCHEMISTRY
KONTINITRO SA
15A ROUTE DE LOËX
1213 ONEX
GENEVA
SWITZERLAND

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Timers:
o5 synchronous timers
Operating temperature:
o-10 to 50°C
Accuracy:
+/- 10 nanoseconds [ns]
Fiber Optic:
ESKA™ SK-40 Simplex Plastic Optical Fiber Cable
Core : 1mm, Outer : 2.2mm
Simplex POF 1-2.2mm Characteristics: Download Available at the Top of Plastic
Optic Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
SK-40 POF Core Characteristics: Download Available at the Top of Plastic Optic
Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
File Type:
Text file (.txt) can be read with all programs reading txt files (Word, Excel, Notepad, Open Office, Text
Edit, Pages, Numbers, etc.).

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LIST OF PROVIDED EQUIPMENT
oExplomet 2™
o(OPTIONAL) 1 High-Strength Shock-Proof Peli 1500 Case
•Made of polypropylene copolymer
•Waterproof, resistant to chemicals, moisture and dust
•Resistant to harsh temperatures (-33C / +90C)
•Contains all the items listed below except the plastic optic fiber spool

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o6 Small Fiber Optic Cables
•Six plastic optic fiber with a length of 15 [m] each for your V.O.D measurements
•Read carefully the instructions on pages 8 to 10 for the preparation and installation of
your optical fibers. The quality and accuracy of your results depends in part on
how your optical fibers are prepared and installed on the explosive or propellant.
o1 Spool (MOQ 100 [m]) of Plastic Optic Fiber Cable
•The optical fiber of the spool is the same as proposed on page 3:
Plastic Optic Fiber Simplex 1-2.2 [mm]
•The minimum quantity is 100 [m] but we recommend 300 [m] for safety reasons and a
more convenient use.
o1 Ledlenser™ P5 Flashlight:
•With your flashlight, you can:
- Simulate an explosion by illuminating the optical fiber, one after the other.
- Test the light transmission quality of your optical fibers
(maximum length of 300 [m]). Tested in our offices.
•Max light output 140 Lumen
•Max Runtime 4 hours
•Impact resistant
•Water resistant
•Hand strap & pouch
o20 Optical Connectors: 10x HFBR-4501Z with Crimp Ring (Grey) and 10x HFBR-4511Z
with Crimp Ring (Blue)
•Optical connectors are essential for connecting the plastic optical fibers to the optical
sensors of the Explomet 2.
HFBR-4501Z with Crimp Ring (Grey) on Page 3 of the AVAGO Catalog
HFBR-4511Z with Crimp Ring (Blue) on Page 3 of the AVAGO Catalog

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o2 Optical Adapters: 1x HFBR-4505Z (Grey) & 1x HFBR-4515Z (Blue)
•The optical adapters allow perfect connection between two optical connectors to
transmit the light generated by the explosion to the Explomet 2 without loss of light
signal
HFBR-4505Z (Grey) on page 3, 8 & 9 of the AVAGO Catalog
HFBR-4515Z (Blue) on page 3, 8 & 9 of the AVAGO Catalog
o1 AFBR-4594Z Polishing Kit
•The polishing kit Includes:
- 1x Polishing fixture for two optical fibers
- 5x Sheets of 600 grits abrasive paper
- 5x 3 [µm] Mipox Made in Japan ink lapping film
Please refer to pages 5 and 6 of the AVAGO catalog for the use of the polishing kit
o1 Fiber Optic Cable Stripping Tool
•Strip the jacket of your optical fibers without breaking or scratching it.
o1 Crimping Tool
•Use the 178 (Broadcom Avago HFBR connectors) or 151 (Siemens ST-1.0
connectors) aperture to fix the optical connectors to the optical fibers through their
crimp ring as indicated on the attached BROADCOM / AVAGO document.

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o1 Folding Meter Swiss Made
•1 [m] Folding meter to measure the distance between your plastic optical fibers:
See Mode 1. Velocity and Time on pages 9 to 11.
o1 Permanent Paint Marker Edding 750 White
•Use the permanent marker to mark on the explosive cartridge where to fix (plug) the
optical fibers.
o1 Victorinox Climber Swiss Army Knife
•Use the punch to make a 2 [mm] hole in the explosive cartridge to insert the optical
fibers
•Use the small blade to slice fiber optically cleanly
•Use the large blade to cut off the portion of the optical fiber that has been damaged
after the explosion
•If you do not have your fiber optic cable stripping tool you can use the scissors and
the cable stripper that is under the can opener.
o1 Universal Extra Power Tesa Tape
•Use tape to hold the optical fibers fixed perpendicularly in the explosive cartridge
o1 Car charger cable
•The car charger is supplied with the connection designed for the Explomet 2

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o1 Plug car charger adapter
•110V to 220/230V to DC 12V
•Connect the car charger cable to the adapter, then charge the Explomet 2 to the
power outlet
o1 Battery Charger Ansmann AC48
•The charger is supplied with the connection for the Explomet 2 and the AC/DC
adapter for your electric socket system
o1 USB to SD Card reader/writer
•High speed USB 2.0 & micro USB 2.0
•Compatible with all version of SD/HC, Micro SD cards
o1 SD card SanDisc 32 GB
•Do not use an SD card with a capacity greater than 32 GB.
•Formatted.
•All data received by the Explomet 2 are automatically saved to the SD card

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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
BATTERY CHARGING
Before the first use of the Explomet 2, charge the batteries using one of the following charging options:
1) Car charger cable
2) Charger Ansmann AC48
Charging time is about 4 hours.
OPTICAL FIBER PREPARATION
Follow the instruction on the attached BROADCOM / AVAGO document to prepare the cable
terminations and connectors
Avago HFBR Characteristics & Guide: Download Available at the Bottom of Plastic
Optic Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
To check the proper transmission of light through the optical cable from the test area to the Explomet 2
you can simulate a measure with the supplied Ledlenser flashlight.
We recommend protecting the last meters of the optical fiber plugged into the explosive with a
3 [mm] diameter P.V.C. pipe. This insure a better immunity against parasitic light at explosion’s
time and will also reduce the amount of optical fiber destroyed at each measure.
We also recommend the use of our:
Reinforced Duplex POF 1-2.2mm Characteristics: Download Available at the Top of
Plastic Optic Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
Reinforced 6 Channels POF 1-2.2mm Characteristics: Download Available at the Top of
Plastic Optic Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
For the preparation of the optic fiber:
oCut the needed length of fiber optic
oFix an optical connector at one end, see description on:
Avago HFBR Characteristics & Guide: Download Available at the Bottom of Plastic
Optic Fiber & Connectors Page on our Website
oWith your Swiss knife, cut straight the other end of the optical fiber
oconnect the necessary optical fibers (from 2 to 6) to the Explomet 2. Either directly or through
one of the following reusable optical cables:
1. DUPLEX CABLE (2 channels = 1 V.O.D measurement)
2. SURFACE CABLE (6 channels = 5 V.O.D measurements)
oIt is not necessary to respect an order to connect the optical fibers either on the explosive or
the Explomet 2.

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OPTICAL FIBER INSTALLATION
Important to know before you start:
oThe quality and accuracy of your results depends in part on how your optical fibers are
prepared and installed on the explosive or propellant.
oEnsure that the length of your optical fibers is more or less equal. Too big a difference
in length (for example: 30 [m]) can contribute to distorting your V.O.D measurement.
oIt is not necessary to respect an order to connect the optical fibers either on the
explosive or the Explomet 2.
oFor Dynamites, Water gels Explosives or Cartridges Explosives, respect a minimum
distance of three times the diameter of the cartridge between the primer and the 1st
optic fiber.
oWe recommend protecting the unused optical receivers of the Explomet 2 with the
supplied grey plastic caps avoid any stray light.
EQUIPMENT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF DETONATION VELOCITY OF AN EXPLOSIVE WITH
THE EXPLOMET 2 AND ITS OPTICAL FIBERS
Explomet 2
From 2 to 6 Optical Fiber equipped with connectors
Folding Meter
White marker Edding 750
Swiss Knife
Universal Extra Power Tape
Example
V.O.D measurement of an emulsion explosive cartridge (50[mm] diameter, 1000[mm] length) on a test
area.
1. Position your explosive cartridge flat on the ground on the test area.
2. Choose at which end you will insert your primer. For example, on the left.
3. Measure the diameter of the cartridge using your folding meter and multiply by 3. For example,
the diameter of your explosive is 50 [mm], multiplied by 3 that makes 150 [mm].
4. From the left end of your explosive, measure ~150 [mm]. This will mark the point where you
insert your 1st optical fiber.
5. To do this, with your white marker, draw a mark at ~150 [mm] on the explosive.
6. Use the punch of your Swiss Army Knife to drill a small 2[mm] hole at the place of your mark to
insert the optical fiber into your explosive. Insert the fiber about 10 to 20 [mm] perpendicular to
the explosive.

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7. For added security, attach the optical fiber to the explosive using your tape.
8. Choose a segment with a minimum length of 50 [mm] from the 1st fiber and mark the distance
again with your red marker. This gives you where to insert your 2nd optical fiber.
9. Measure the distance between fiber 1 and 2. For example: 225 [mm]. You will need to report
this distance on the Explomet 2 when entering the data in mode 1. Velocity and time.
10. If necessary, insert other optical fibers and proceed in the same way as before (points 8 and 9).
11. Connect the necessary optical fibers (from 2 to 6) to the Explomet 2. Either directly or through
one of the following reusable optical cables:
•DUPLEX CABLE (2 channels = 1 V.O.D measurement)
•SURFACE CABLE (6 channels = 5 V.O.D measurements)
12. It is not necessary to respect an order to connect the optical fibers either on the explosive or
the Explomet 2.
13. For further operation with the Explomet 2, see page 11, 1.Velocity and Time Mode
EXPLOMET 2 MANUAL
TURN ON THE EXPLOMET 2™
The Explomet 2 is menu driven. Press the number on the keypad to access the required menu.
START MENU
Explomet2Ready
Press a key to continue
01.01.2019 –10:10:36 T= 22.50 Cel
Battery 100 %
Start menu with date, time (24:00), temperature of the instrument (T=) and its power reserve in %.
Press a key

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SETUP
MAIN MENU
1: Velocity and time
2: Time only
3: Setup
To start using the Explomet 2, you must first set the time and date. This will be your reference for all
your VOD tests
Press 3: Setup
SETUP
1: Set Time
2: Set Date
Press 1: Set Time
Please follow the instructions and do the same for the date 2: Set Date. Go back to the MAIN MENU.
VELOCITY AND TIME MEASURE
MAIN MENU
1: Velocity and time
2: Time only
3: Setup
Press 1: Velocity and time

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Velocity and Time
Number of fibers connected
( 1 to 6 )
V.O.D Measure # 1: This is the sequential number given to this measure
Enter number of optic fibers (2, 3, 4, 5 or 6): Enter the number of optic fibers that you will use for
your V.O.D measurement.
The instrument accepts from 2 to 6 fibers
For measure # 1 we choose 2fibers
Velocity and Time
2fibers connected
OK press Ent
Change press Del
If you want the instrument to display the V.O.D, enter in [mm] (maximum 9999 [mm]) the very
precisely measured distance between the 1st and 2nd fiber on the explosive. We recommend using the
meter supplied with your hardware or a digital caliper for high accuracy measurement.
Enter the length, measured on the explosive, on the Explomet 2. See example on page 10.
For example: 225 [mm]
Velocity and Time
Length 1 to 2 = 225 mm
Change = Del OK = Ent

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Press Enter
Use the Del key to delete incorrect data and start again.
Velocity and Time Measurement
2 fibers connected
Waiting for pulses
The Explomet 2 is waiting to receive the data. It will not shut down or go into sleep mode.
When you are ready, fire the explosive and collect your data. All data is automatically saved on the SD
card. the SD card is a black box for the Explomet 2.
Velocity and Time Results
t1 = 88.44 us 2544 m/s
Here is the result of your V.O.D measure # 1
To start a new V.O.D measurement, turn off and on the Explomet 2
TIME ONLY MEASURE
MAIN MENU
1: Velocity and time
2: Time only
3: Setup
Press 2: Time only
Time only
Number of fibers connected
( 1 to 6 )

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V.O.D Measure # 2: This is the sequential number given to this measure
Enter number of optic fibers (2, 3, 4, 5 or 6): Enter the number of fibers that you will use for your
V.O.D measurement.
The instrument accepts from 2 to 6 fibers
For measure # 2we choose 6fibers
Time only
6fibers connected
Waiting for pulses
The Explomet 2 is waiting to receive the data. It will not shut down or go into sleep mode.
When you are ready, fire the explosive and collect your data. All data is automatically saved on the SD
card. the SD card is a black box for the Explomet 2.
Time only results
Time 1 = 86137.83 us
Time 2 = 39093.91 us
Time 3 = 28609.51 us
Time 4 = 40616.14 us
Time 5 = 68239.15 us
Here is the result of your V.O.D measure # 2
To start a new V.O.D measurement, turn off and on the Explomet 2
READING DATA
Insert your SD card directly into your computer or using the USB-SD card reader.
All your measurements made with the Explomet 2 are recorded systematically and appear
chronologically by dates and by hours.
Your text files (.txt) can be read by most programs (Word, Excel, Notepad, Open Office, Text Edit,
Pages, Numbers, etc.) on operating systems, Mac, Windows, Linux.

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BATTERY CHARGER
Use only the Ansmann AC48 or car charger cable and its adapter supplied with the Explomet 2 to
ensure the proper operation of your device.
CALIBRATION
The Explomet 2 is calibrated only once during its manufacture and this for the duration of its use which
is on average of fifteen years. Nevertheless, we remain at your disposal for any verification of your
device and can issue a certificate of V.O.D/Calibration to guarantee the perfect functioning of your
measuring instrument.
GENERAL
As the Explomet 2 uses microelectronic technology, do not expose it to humidity, dust and preserve it
from shocks. Be sure to close the optical receptors with the supplied grey plastic caps.
Swiss Made
HEAD & TECHNICAL OFFICES
15A ROUTE DE LOËX, 1213 ONEX, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
TEL : [phone], EMAIL : [email protected] WEB : WWW.KONTINITRO.COM
EXPLOMET2™, EXPLOMET-FO-2000™, EXPLOMET-MULTICHANNEL™, EXPLOMET-MULTIMODE™ & DETOMET™ are Registered Trademarks of
KONTINITRO SA

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Plastic Optic Fiber Characteristics
SIMPLEX
POF 1 / 2.2 [mm] Structure
Product
Description
Specification
Minimum
Type
Maximum
Optical Fiber
ESKA™ SK-40
Mitsubishi™
Core Material
Polymethylmethacrylate Resin
Clad Material
Fluorinated Polymer
Core Reflective Index
-----
1.49
-----
Clad Reflective Index
-----
1.41
-----
Reflective Index Profile
Step index
Numerical Aperture (NA)
-----
0.5
-----
Core Diameter [µm]
920 µm
980 µm
1’040 µm
Clad Diameter [µm]
940 µm
1000 µm
1’060 µm
Core Number
1
Jacket
Inner Jacket Material
Polyethylene
Inner diameter [mm]
2.13 mm
2.20 mm
2.27 mm
Jacket Color
Black
Approximative Weight
4.00 [g/m]
Indication of UL Style Number
None
Fiber Length on Spool [m]
Spool measurements [10cm x 30cm x 30cm] for more details
see the “Spools Characteristics” Document.
100m, 150m, 200m, 250m, 300m, 350m,
400m, 450m
Fiber Length on Spool [m]
Spool measurements [19.5cm x 39.5cm x 39.5cm] for more
details see the “Spools Characteristics” Document.
1’000m, 1’100m,1’200m, etc. until 2’600m

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SIMPLEX
POF 1 / 2.2 [mm] Performance
Product
Description
Specification
Minimum
Type
Maximu
m
Maximium
Rating
Storage
Temperature [  C]
No Physical Change
-55
-----
70
Operation
temperature [  C]
No Deterioration in
Optical Properties
-55
-----
70
Operation
Temperature under
95% RH [  C]
No Deterioration in
Optical Properties
-----
-----
65
Transmiss
ion Loss
Attenuation
(Collimated light)
[dB/km]
650 [nm]
(Ta = 25 C)
-----
-----
160
650 [nm]
(Ta = operation temp)
-----
-----
170
660 [nm]
(Ta = operation temp)
-----
-----
265
Bandwidth
Launch NA > Fiber NA
40 MHz.50m
-----
-----
Mechanic
al
Characteri
stics
Minimum Bending
Radius
(Ta: Operation temp.)
-----
25
-----
Repeated Bending
Endurance [Times]
Loss Increment ≤1dB
9025mmR,
Dead Weight: 500g
10’000
-----
-----
Tensile Strength [N]
Tensile Force at 5%
Elongation in
Conformity to the JIS C
6861
70
-----
-----
Twisting Endurance
[Times]
Loss Increment ≤1dB
Sample Length: 1[m],
Tensile Force 4.9[N]
5
-----
-----
Impact Endurance
[N.m]
Loss Increment ≤1dB
in Conformity to the JIS
C 6861
0.4
-----
-----
All tests are carried out under temperature of 25 C unless otherwise specified.

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Plastic Optic Fiber Characteristics
DUPLEX
2x POF 1 / 2.2 [mm] Structure
Product
Description
Specification
Minimum
Type
Maximum
Optical Fiber
ESKA™ SK-40
Mitsubishi™
Core Material
Polymethylmethacrylate Resin
Clad Material
Fluorinated Polymer
Core Reflective Index
-----
1.49
-----
Clad Reflective Index
-----
1.41
-----
Reflective Index Profile
Step index
Numerical Aperture (NA)
-----
0.5
-----
Core Diameter [µm]
920 µm
980 µm
1’040 µm
Clad Diameter [µm]
940 µm
1000 µm
1’060 µm
Core Number
2
POF Jacket
Inner Jacket Material
Polyethylene
Inner diameter [mm]
2.13 mm
2.20 mm
2.27 mm
Jacket Color
Black
Reinforced
Jacket
Jacket Material
Super Eska Polyethylene Buffered &
Polyvinyl Chloride Sheeted Fiber Cord
Outer Diameter
5.8 mm
6.00
6.2
Jacket Color
Black (Yellow Fiber Cord)
Approximative Weight
38.00 [g/m]
Indication of UL Style Number
None
Fiber Length on Spool [m]
25m Wickelboy Spool measurements [4.5 cm x 30cm x 15cm]
for more details see the “Spool Characteristics” Document.
20m, 25m
Fiber Length on Spool [m]
450m Spool measurements [10cm x 30cm x 30cm] for more
details see the “Spool Characteristics” Document.
30m, 35m, etc. until 150m
Fiber Length on Spool [m]
2600m Spool measurements [19.5cm x 39.5cm x 39.5cm] for
more details see the “Spool Characteristics” Document.
150m, 160m, etc. until 500m

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DUPLEX
2x POF 1 / 2.2 [mm] Performance
Product
Description
Specification
Minimum
Type
Maximum
Maximium
Rating
Storage
Temperature [  C]
No Physical Change
-55
-----
70
Operation
temperature [  C]
No Deterioration in
Optical Properties
-55
-----
70
Operation
Temperature under
95% RH [  C]
No Deterioration in
Optical Properties
-----
-----
65
Transmission
Loss
Attenuation
(Collimated light)
[dB/km]
650 [nm]
(Ta = 25 C)
-----
-----
160
650 [nm]
(Ta = operation temp)
-----
-----
170
660 [nm]
(Ta = operation temp)
-----
-----
265
Bandwidth
Launch NA > Fiber NA
40 MHz.50m
-----
-----
Mechanical
Characteristics
Minimum Bending
Radius
(Ta: Operation temp.)
-----
25
-----
Repeated Bending
Endurance [Times]
Loss Increment ≤1dB
9025mmR,
Dead Weight: 500g
10’000
-----
-----
Tensile Strength [N]
Tensile Force at 5%
Elongation in
Conformity to the JIS C
6861
70
-----
-----
Twisting Endurance
[Times]
Loss Increment ≤1dB
Sample Length: 1[m],
Tensile Force 4.9[N]
5
-----
-----
Impact Endurance
[N.m]
Loss Increment ≤1dB in
Conformity to the JIS C
6861
0.4
-----
-----
All tests are carried out under temperature of 25 C unless otherwise specified.