Kwikbit K60 User manual
K60 Wireless Communication System
User Guide
Release 1.1
July 16, 2020
K60 User Guide
Kwikbit is a trademark of Kwikbit Inc.
©2016-2020 Kwikbit Inc. All rights reserved.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules (for USA) and ISED rules (for Canada). These limits are designed
to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
You can determine whether your equipment is causing interference by turning it on and off. If the
interference stops, it was probably caused by the equipment. If the equipment causes interference
to radio or television equipment, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the
following measures:
▪Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
▪Increase separation between the equipment and receiver.
▪Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from which the receiver is
connected.
▪Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician.
Any modifications to this product which are not authorized by Kwikbit Inc. could void your authority
to operate this equipment.
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE
SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED
WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR
APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCT.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE ARE
PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. KWIKBIT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE
PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL KWIKBIT OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR
LOSS OF DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF
KWIKBIT HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
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K60 User Guide
Table of Contents
Preface 5
Preface overview 5
About this guide 5
Additional documentation 5
Additional help 6
Kwikbit K60 System Overview 6
K60 System Description 8
Technical Specifications 11
System Specifications 11
Radio Specifications 11
Mechanical, Power and Environmental Specifications 12
System Enclosure 13
System Throughput 14
Element and Network Management 14
Ethernet Bridge Support 17
Installation Planning 17
LED Indicator Codes 17
Using the K60 Web User Interface (UI) 18
Requirements 18
K60 Web UI Page 19
Logging In 19
Using the K60 Command Line Interface (CLI) 21
Requirements 21
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K60 User Guide
K60 CLI commands 21
System Provisioning 21
Initial System Setup and IP Configurations 22
Appendices 24
Glossary 24
FCC Regulatory Statement 25
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement 25
ISED Industry Canada Regulatory Statement 26
ISED Industry Canada Radiation Exposure Statement 26
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K60 User Guide
1 Preface
1.1 Preface overview
Thank you for choosing the K60 system from Kwikbit. This guide introduces you to system
concepts, system architecture and commonly used terms.
This preface describes:
●Audience for this guide
●Additional documentation
●Where to go for more help
1.2 About this guide
This guide provides an overview of the K60 system, its components, its network
architecture, and how it is configured and deployed.
This guide is intended for network and system administrators who must install, configure,
and manage K60 distribution networks. This guide is meant to provide an overview of the
system. This guide does not provide detailed information on network configuration.
It is assumed readers of this guide are familiar with:
●Basic networking concepts
●Layer 2 (link layer) of OSI model
●Layer 3 (network layer) of OSI model
●Routing and switching in networks
●Radio frequency (RF) systems engineering
●Virtual local area network (VLAN) technology
1.3 Additional documentation
●Information about network management is available in the Kwikbit Edge Controller
User Manual
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K60 User Guide
1.4 Additional help
Kwikbit is committed to providing our customers with high quality technical support via the
following methods:
Web
support.kwikbit.com
E-mail
Phone
+1 (952) 657-5628
2 Kwikbit K60 System Overview
Figure 1: K60 System in a Point-to-Multipoint (PtMP)
Wireless Communication Application
Kwikbit is a leader in gigabit wireless distribution solutions that intelligently adapt to
challenging environments to maximize performance and reliability.
The K60 system operates in the 60 GHz unlicensed frequency band and is designed
primarily for line-of-sight (LoS) operation. Non-line-of-sight (NLoS) operation is possible
within short range and in the presence of reflective surfaces. By utilizing advanced
beamforming techniques, the K60 system automatically adapts in Point-to-Multipoint
(PtMP) communication configuration and is adaptable to changes in the operating
environment. The beam forming capability also makes system installation simple for
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K60 User Guide
non-technical staff as precise mechanical alignment, as required by previous generation 60
GHz systems, is not required.
The K60 system is designed for use in multiple applications including gigabit access, IoT
backhaul (sensors, security cameras, etc.), optical fiber extension, and corporate and
enterprise data services by providing 1 Gbps of symmetric throughput.
The K60 system operates in unlicensed Time Division Multiplexing (TDD) band 57.05 – 64.00
GHz in both Point-to-Point (PtP) and Point-to-Multipoint (PtMP) configurations. Some of the
main product characteristics are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Main K60 Characteristics
Duplex Mode
Time Division Multiplexing (TDD)
Physical Layer / Antenna
System
128 patch beamforming antenna
Operation Configuration
PtP and PtMP
Capacity
1.86 Gbps goodput aggregate
Symmetry
Dynamic downlink (DL) and uplink
(UP) based on offered load
Frequency of Operation
57.05 – 64.00 GHz
Channel Bandwidth
2.16 GHz
Network Interface
2 x 2.5 gigabit Ethernet
1x 1 gigabit Ethernet
Form Factor
7.75 x 4 x 2.5” with integrated
antenna
The K60 system consists of the following components:
●Hub Unit: control communication to one or more Remote Units
●Remote Unit: scan for available Hub Units and connect to the Hub configured or
assigned via the Edge Controller
●Edge Controller: Optional appliance computer that provides WebUI tools for
deployment planning, commissioning, network configuration, management,
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K60 User Guide
monitoring and fault isolation. Edge controller is highly recommended for networks
of medium and large scale.
The K60 Hub and Remote Units are identical from a hardware perspective, only differing in
software configuration. The K60 has a small form factor that can be easily and
unobtrusively deployed in many different outdoor environments.
3 K60 System Description
Kwikbit’s K60 wireless outdoor networking solution is designed to meet the requirements
of network planners where rapid and flexible deployment, high reliability, multi-gigabit
capacity and excellent latency performance are needed. Applications for the system include
IoT gateway aggregation, Wi-Fi access point backhaul, video camera connectivity and other
gigabit IP based applications. The system can function either as a Point-to-Point (PtP) or
Point-to-Multipoint (PtMP) wireless Ethernet bridge.
Some of the main characteristics of the system include:
●Time Division Duplex (TDD): The K60 solution features TDD access mode with
variable frame length.
●Adaptive Modulation with Link Adaptation: The K60 system supports BPSK, QPSK
on both the downlink and uplink path to achieve high capacity in the channel
bandwidth (1.86 Gbps Ethernet layer throughput for combined downlink and uplink
traffic).
●Beamforming: Use of the 60 GHz band allows extremely fast communication, but
also presents the challenge of limited propagation. Signals in the 60 GHz band are
also more susceptible to disruption from physical barriers than at lower
frequencies. The K60 system includes adaptive beamforming, a technique that
enables robust multi-gigabit communications at greater distances. Kwikbit’s
beamforming feature uses directional antennas to reduce interference and
automatically focus a signal between two devices into a concentrated beam. During
the beamforming process, devices establish communication and then fine-tune
their antenna settings to improve the quality of directional communication until
there is enough capacity for the desired data transmission.
One key benefit of Kwikbit’s beamforming is that if an obstacle blocks the line of sight
between two devices, for example, if someone walks between them, the devices can
quickly establish a new communications pathway. Another benefit of the K60
beamforming is that non-technical personnel can quickly and easily install the
system. Precise physical alignment of the radios, as required with previous 60 GHz
products, is not required with the Kwikbit system. The beamforming feature also
enables the PtMP communication capability of the system.
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K60 User Guide
●Power Management: The K60 system utilizes the scheduled access mode to reduce
power consumption. Devices connected with each other via a directional link
schedule the periods during which they communicate and, in between those
periods, they can sleep to save power. This capability allows devices to more
precisely tailor their power management to their actual traffic workload, reduces
potential co-channel interference and enables efficient spectrum utilization.
●Advanced Security: The K60 system utilizes strong security mechanisms, including
Galois/Counter Mode, a highly-efficient mode of encryption that is designed to
support higher communication speeds. Encryption is based on the
government-grade Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and is implemented in
hardware for performance and efficiency.
●Integrated Antennas: The K60 units integrate a specially-designed, 128 element
antenna module that enables a maximum EIRP of 40 dBm with a 90º azimuthal and
40º vertical beam sweep range.
●PtMP with Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation: The K60 system can operate in PtP or
PtMP configurations with up to seven Remotes. The capacity allocated to each
Remote is variable according to the requirements of connected devices.
●Compact Form Factor: The K60 transceiver units are highly integrated, compact,
and lightweight, so they can be easily mounted on poles, pipes and walls.
●Connectivity: K60 devices include two standard RJ45 Gigabit Ethernet ports. One
port is a PoE In port. The second port is 30W PoE Out port. The PoE Out port can
provide power to connected Wi-Fi access points, IoT gateways, surveillance cameras
and other payload communication devices.
The Kwikbit K60 system provides these network management features:
●Each K60 unit incorporates a WebUI. This WebUI enables configuration, fault
management, and administration of the unit, as well as provides system state and
performance information.
●A command-line interface (CLI) is also available. It provides features similar to those
of the WebUI.
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K60 User Guide
Figure 2: K60 Hub and Remote WebUI interface page
●The Kwikbit Edge Controller is a very powerful part of the Kwikbit solution. The Edge
Controller connects through an Ethernet connection to the root K60 unit and
enables non-technical personnel to physically install an entire network without K60
units being configured on the bench in advance. A local or remote IT resource can
design, commission and manage the network using the Edge Controller’s WebUI.
The Edge Controller can be connected to the cloud for remote management of
multiple locations.
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K60 User Guide
4 Technical Specifications
4.1 System Specifications
Aggregate
capacity
Up to 1.8 Gbit/sec (Layer 2/ Ethernet)
Ethernet frame
type
Transparent bridging of all Ethernet types including VLAN
and VLAN stacking
Latency
250 microseconds average
L2 switching
Complete Layer 2 switching with VLAN support
Security
AES 128 with automatic secure key distribution
Network
Attributes
Ethernet bridge, 802.1Q, DSCP/ToS/802.1p (IPv4/v6) and
802.1ad/ QinQ tagging
Network
Interfaces
2 x GbE RJ-45 (one port with PoE in and one port with up to
30W PoE output)
Other Interfaces
LED indicator for power, link condition, signal strength, and
unit location
Provisioning
Zero-touch deployment and commissioning with Edge
Controller web application
Management
Web GUI, CLI, REST API and Edge Controller (optional)
4.2 Radio Specifications
Access
Technology
Single carrier beamforming physical layer
Duplex
Time Division Multiplexing (TDD)
Modulation
BPSK, QPSK; 8 levels of adaptive modulation and coding
schemes
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K60 User Guide
Frequencies
57.05 - 64.00 GHz
Channel
Bandwidth
2.16 GHz
Antenna
System
128 patch beamforming antenna with
90˚ horizontal and 40˚ vertical scan range
Output power
(maximum)
40 dBm EIRP
Typical Range
400 meters
4.3 Mechanical, Power and Environmental Specifications
Configuration
Single-piece indoor unit with integrated antenna
Dimensions
(H x W x D)
157 x 99 x 48 mm
6.2 x 3.9 x 1.9 inches
Weight
400g / 14 ounces
Power Input
802.3at, 802.3at+, or 802.3bt PoE
Power
Consumption
K60 only: 8 watts maximum
K60 + fully loaded PoE: 38 watts maximum
Power Output
PoE available:
802.3at (30 watts) on second RJ45 2.5 GbE port (with 38W
PoE input)
Operating
temperature
-30˚C to +55˚C
Humidity
Up to 95% non-condensing
ESD
IEC EN 61000-4-2
EMC
IEC EN 61000-4-3
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K60 User Guide
4.4 System Enclosure
Figure 3: Ports on K60 (Hub and Remote)
The K60 enclosure is a rugged casing that is supplied with a combination pole and wall
mounting bracket. The mounting bracket allows for a range of orientation flexibility to
enable mounting in challenging locations. Units installed at the same location can be
interconnected for medium and large network deployments.
The mechanical enclosure for the transceiver Module has two RJ45 connectors. Port one is
for Gigabit Ethernet network connectivity and PoE power input (802.3at, 802.3at+, or
Kwikbit K60 User Guide - 13 -
K60 User Guide
802.3bt). Port two is for Gigabit Ethernet network connectivity and provides PoE power
output (up to 30W/802.3at). 38W PoE input power would be required to satisfy the
maximum 8W power consumption of the K60 plus support the maximum delivered PoE
output power (802.3at/30W delivered on port two).
5 System Throughput
The K60 system uses time division duplexing (TDD) access mode, employing a single
frequency for both transmit and receive paths. The throughput for the downlink and uplink
depends on a downlink-to-uplink frame bandwidth ratio. The ratio is automatically
adjusted based on the offered load in each direction, taking into account all Remotes
connected to a Hub in PtMP. Furthermore, the system’s throughput depends on the
Modulation and Coding Rate (MCS) which varies according to link and signal conditions. The
following table details Ethernet uplink and downlink combined throughput for a K60 link.
Table 8: Throughput Performance for Cyclic Prefix of 1/8
MCS Index
Modulation
NCBPS
Repetitions
Code Rate
Data Rate
(Mbit/s)
1
π/2 BPSK
1
2
1/2
310
2
π/2 BPSK
1
1
1/2
620
3
π/2 BPSK
1
1
5/8
775
4
π/2 BPSK
1
1
3/4
930
5
π/2 BPSK
1
1
13/16
1007
6
π/2 QPSK
2
1
1/2
1240
7
π/2 QPSK
2
1
5/8
1550
8
π/2 QPSK
2
1
3/4
1860
6 Element and Network Management
The K60 system supports the following network management interfaces:
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K60 User Guide
●K60 Web Interface (WebUI). Accessible via HTTPS, the K60 WebUI provides an
interactive visual toolset that allows an operator to modify the full configuration of
the K60 system as well as view state, fault, and performance indicator.
●K60 Command Line Interface (CLI) provides a set of commands that allows the
operator to manage, maintain and troubleshoot the system.
●The Edge Controller WebUI application provides complete access to configuration,
state, performance and fault information for all K60 units in a network system.
The WebUI network management interface on the K60 system is accessible via HTTPS.
Power the unit with a PoE power source. Connect to the K60 system with your browser
utilizing one of the following methods:
●Local Name: Connect a K60 transceiver unit directly to your computer by plugging
an Ethernet cable into any of the K60’s RJ45 connectors. In the URL field on your
computer’s browser type https://KB-XX-XX-XX.local where KB-XX-XX-XX is the
Host name of the unit that appears on the label on the side of the unit. For example,
if the unit Host name is KB-C5-6B-78, then the URL address of the unit is
https://KB-C5-6B-78.local. Your browser will display a warning stating that the
connection is not secure. You may ignore the warning and proceed connecting to
the unit. To avoid the warning, please go to the Kwikbit support website, download
the Kwikbit security certificate, and install it on your browser.
●Management IP Address: Connect using the IPv4 IP address. The factory-assigned
IP address appears on a temporary label on the unit. Be sure to use https:// rather
than http.
The Command Line Interface network interface on the K60 system is accessible via Secure
Shell (SSH). Power the unit with a PoE power source. Connect to the K60 system with your
terminal application utilizing one of the following methods:
●Local Name: Connect a K60 transceiver unit directly to your computer by plugging
an Ethernet cable into any of the K60’s RJ45 connectors. In a terminal application
window on your Linux, Unix or MAC computer type ssh
appears on the label on the side of the unit. For example, if the unit Host name is
KB-C5-6B-78, then the command line is ssh [email protected]. For the
password prompt enter kwikbit.
●Management IP Address: Connect using the IPv4 IP address. The factory-assigned
IP address appears on a temporary label on the unit.
The optional Kwikbit Edge Controller’s management application automatically discovers all
connected K60 devices on the network and establishes a secure connection to each one
utilizing a security certificate provided by Kwikbit and customized by the customer. For
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K60 User Guide
more information on the Kwikbit Edge Controller device and associated applications, please
refer to the Kwikbit Edge Controller User Manual.
The K60 system provides the following network management functions:
1. Device configuration information and status is displayed on the WebUI page
interface as shown above in Figure 2. When the mouse cursor is hovered over an
Ethernet Port or wireless connections icon, detailed information is displayed. In the
Wireless section, the list of wirelessly connected devices is displayed. The list of LAN
connected devices is displayed in the LAN Peers section. The WebUI of a connected
device is established by clicking on the device’s name.
2. Configuration Management. The system configuration section covers several
functional areas:
●Device
oDevice location
oDevice description
●Wired Network
oDevice IP address assignment
▪Static address
▪DHCP – requires DHCP server
▪Automatic Zero Configuration address assignment
oManagement VLAN
oEthernet ports
▪Enable / Disable
▪PoE Enable / Disable (port 2 and 3)
●Wireless Network
oDevice role
oSSID
oAirlink passcode
oChannel frequency
oPreferred Hub (if device configured as Remote)
3. Administration Operations:
●Flash LEDs of the device – used to identify location of physically installed device
●Change administrator password of the device
●Upgrade device software
●Reboot the device
To reset the device to factory defaults:
●Insert the Reset Dongle (available separately) into Ethernet Port 2
●Cycle the power
●During power-up, observe the LED.
●Remove the Reset Dongle when the LED pattern indicates that the reset has been
triggered (refer to the LED Indicator Codes section of this document)
●The device is now operating at factory default settings
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K60 User Guide
●The login password is “kwikbit”
7 Ethernet Bridge Support
Designed to seamlessly integrate into existing Ethernet networks, the K60 system is built
for Ethernet connectivity services and provides network functionality as a standard Layer 2
(L2) Transparent Bridge (IEEE 802.1d), whereby the K60 cluster (a cluster being one Hub
with its group of up to seven Remotes) is the bridge, and the Ethernet ports on the Hub and
associated Remotes are the ports of the bridge.
The embedded bridge functionality performs Media Access Control (MAC) address learning
(up to 4096 MAC addresses). This function allows the Hub to perform an optimal allocation
of radio resources by sending traffic to the Remote behind which the destination of that
traffic is located.
The K60 system allows network management traffic to be encapsulated in a dedicated
management VLAN and can transport standard Ethernet frames, including oversize frames
(up to 1600 bytes including the FCS).
8 Installation Planning
When unpacking K60 units during install, be sure to do the following for each unit:
●Locate the label on the unit casing that lists the Serial Number (SN) and Host name
of the unit
●Record the SN on your registration card for future reference
●Record the Host name for future reference when provisioning the system
After installation of the K60, perform the tasks described in Chapter 12 “System
Provisioning”.
9 LED Indicator Codes
K60 is equipped with a single double color (red and green) LED indicator. The following are
the LED indication modes. The sequences indicate the LED state during each 150ms time
slot
●during boot up: solid red
●normal operation:
o no wireless link: repeat the sequence: green, off, off, green, off, off ...
o established wireless link:
▪Hub: solid green
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K60 User Guide
▪Remote: signal quality from 1 blink for weakest to 5 blinks for the
strongest between pauses. Example: for link quality of 3 the repeat
sequence is: pause green green green
●error condition:
o repeat the sequence: red, off, red, off, red, off, off, off
●identify the unit
o repeat the sequence: red, green
●signal for reset to factory defaults:
o repeat the sequence: green, red, green, red, green, red, off, off
●restore factory defaults is in progress:
o repeat the sequence: red, off, red, off, off, off, green, off, green, off, off, off
10 Using the K60 Web User Interface (UI)
10.1 Requirements
The K60 embedded WebUI allows for direct configuration of both Hub and Remote units. It
is a standard web application that runs directly on the K60 unit and is accessible through
the default port for HTTPS (443) at URL https://<Host name of the unit>. Your browser will
display a warning stating that the connection is not secure. You may ignore the warning
and proceed connecting to the unit. To avoid the warning, go to the Kwikbit support
website, download the Kwikbit security certificate, and install it on your browser.
The recommended browsers for the K60 WebUI are:
●Google Chrome
●Safari
Operating System (OS) support for K60 WebUI:
●Windows
●Mac OS X
●Unix
●Linux
Note: With the exception of IE9, the K60 WebUI supports the most recent web browser and
OS versions.
Required basic K60 unit configuration tasks can be performed using the units WebUI;
however, the Kwikbit Edge Controller can be used to quickly and efficiently plan,
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K60 User Guide
commission, configure and monitor small to large K60 networks. See the K60 Edge
Controller User Guide for details.
10.2 K60 Web UI Page
The K60 WebUI is a single page that provides device status as well as configuration options.
10.2.1 Logging In
Use your browser to connect to K60 device’s WebUI as described above. It is not necessary
to login to the system in order to view the WebUI page. You will then be prompted to login
once you click on any one of the configuration tabs if you do not have a security certificate
installed on your computer. The security certificate based authentication option is available
when utilizing an Edge Controller to manage the network.
The default username and password is as follows:
User Name: kwikbit
Password: kwikbit
The page remains read-only if you do not login to the system and only gives general system
information.
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K60 User Guide
At the top of the WebUI screen, general node information including unit name, description,
and location is displayed. There are two network sections on the page, Wireless and LAN.
The Wireless section displays the connection SSID, the unit role (Hub or Remote) and all
current wireless connections. If the unit is a Hub, all currently linked Remotes will be
displayed under connections. If the unit is a Remote, only one connection to a Hub can be
listed. Each connection displays the connected unit name as well as graphical
representation of the signal quality of the connection. By clicking on the connected device’s
name, a browser page of that device is opened. By hovering over the signal quality graphic,
detailed signal level information is displayed. You can change SSID and unit Role
Kwikbit K60 User Guide - 20 -
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