Lancair IV User manual

Lancair IV
HANDBOOK TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I
GENERAL 2
SECTION II
LIMITATIONS 11
SECTION III
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 16
SECTION IV
NORMAL PROCEDURES 23
SECTION V
WEIGHT AND BALANCE 33
SECTION VI
SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION 37
SECTION VII
HANDLING, SERVICE and
MAINTENANCE 48
SECTION VIII SUPPLEMENTS 60
General
Section I
Table of Contents
IMPORTANT NOTICE 3
REVISING THIS HANDBOOK 4
DESCRIPTIVE DATA 5
Engines
Propellers
Fuels
Oil Capacities
Weights
Cabin and Entry Dimensions
Baggage
 SpecicLoading(MaxTake-oWeight)
GEN. AIRSPEED
TERMINOLOGY/SYMBOLS 6
METEROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY 7
POWER TERNINOLOGY 7
ENGINE CONTROLS/INSTRUMENTS 8
PERFORMANCE AND
FLIGHT PLANNING TERMINOLOGY 8
WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY 9

THANK YOU......
Youhaveobtainedwhatwefeelisthelateststate-
of-the-artinahighperformancegeneralaviationair-
craft. Its performance is spectacular and its life almost
beyond measure given reasonable care. A team of out-
standing craftsmen has been assembled to design and
produce quality aircraft components which can serve
you well for years to come. We encourage you to be-
comefamiliarwiththishandbookaswellastheFAR’s
that are applicable to your operation. The combination
willprovideyouwithsafeandsoundknowledgefor
operation of your personally manufactured Lancair.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
 Thishandbookmustbereadcarefullybythe
owneroroperator(s)ofyourLancairinordertobecome
familiar with its operation and to obtain all it has to
oerintermsofbothspeedandreliability.Hereinare
suggestions and recommendations to help you obtain
safeperformancewithoutsacricingeconomy.Youare
encouraged to operate your machine in accordance with
andwithinthelimitsidentiedinthisPilot’sOperating
Handbookaswellasanyplacardslocatedintheair-
plane.
 Again,anotherreminder-theoperatorshould
also be familiar with the Federal Aviation Regulations
asapplicabletotheoperationandmaintenanceofex-
perimental airplane and FAR Part 91 General Operating
and Flight Rules. The aircraft must be operated and
maintained in accordance with any FAA Airworthiness
Directives which may be issued against it. It is also
prudent and mandatory to operate within any estab-
lished limits or Service Bulletins.
The FARs place the responsibility for the main-
tenance of this airplane on the owner and the operator
who must ensure that all maintenance is accomplished
bytheownerorqualiedmechanicsinconformity
with all airworthiness requirements established for this
airplane.
All limits, procedures, safety practices, time
limits, servicing, and maintenance requirements con-
tainedinthishandbookareconsideredmandatoryfor
the continued airworthiness of this airplane, in a condi-
tion equal to that of its original manufacture.
Authorized Service Facilities can provide
recommended service, repair, or operating procedures
issued by both the FAA and Lancair International to ob-
tainthemaximumprudentusefulnessandsafetyfrom
your Lancair.

NOTE
Except as noted, all airspeeds quoted in this
handbook are Indicated Airspeeds (IAS) in Knots
and assume zero instrument error.
Inaneorttoprovideascompletecoverageaspossi-
ble, some optional equipment has been included in the
scopeofthishandbook.Howeverduetothevariety
ofairplanecongurationsavailable,someequipment
described and depicted herein may not be included on
yourspecicairplane.
The following information may be provided to the hold-
er of this manual automatically:
1. Original issues and revisions of Service Bulletins
2. Original issues and revisions of Lancair Approved
Airplane Flight Manual Supplements
This service is available and will be provided only to
holdersofthishandbookwhoarelistedontheLancair
Owner/Builder List and then only if listed by airplane
serialnumberforthemodelforwhichthishandbook
is applicable. Detailed information on this “Revision
Service” can be obtained from Lancair.
NOTICE
LANCAIR INTERNATIONAL INCORPO-
RATED EXPRESSLY RESERVES THE RIGHT
TO SUPERSEDE, CANCEL AND/OR DECLARE
OBSOLETE, WITHOUT PRIOR NOTICE, ANY
PART, PART NUMBER, KIT OR PUBLICATION
REFERENCED HEREIN.
The owner/operator should frequently refer to all
supplements,whetherSTCs(SupplementalTypeCertif-
icate)orLancairSupplementsdirectfromLancair,for
appropriate placards, limitations, normal, emergency
and other operational procedures for proper operation
of their Lancair with any optional equipment installed.
REVISING THIS HANDBOOK
WARNING
When this handbook is used for airplane op-
erational purposes, it is the pilots responsibility to
maintain it in current status.
NOTE
Upon receipt of a new or revised supplement,
compare the “Log of Revisions” page just received
with the existing Log page in the manual. Retain
only the new page with the latest date on the
bottom of the page and discard the old one.

DESCRIPTIVE DATA
ENGINES
 TheLancairIVcanbettedwiththefollowing
engines:
 ContinentalTSIO-550B
 ContinentalIO-550G
Although other engines are available, we feel
these engines will give you the best performance and
are the latest designs from Continental. Aircraft perfor-
mance will of course vary with the engine selection.
PROPELLERS
The Lancair IV uses a MT , 76”, 3 bladed con-
stant speed propeller. Propeller governors are made by
McCauley,LancairPN.D20309-39.
Lancair is constantly testing other propellers that may
improve performance and/or serviceability, we will
publishthesendingswhentheyareavailable.
NOTE
Other propellers which are approved are
listed by Lancair and its dealers or are approved by
Supplemental Type Certicates.
FUELS
 100or100LL(MinimumgradeAviationGas-
olineconformingtoASTMD910-76&MIL-G-5572,
latestrev.)
STANDARD SYSTEMS CAPACITIES
Standard fuel capacity 80 US Gal.
Long range option 90 US Gal.
OIL CAPACITY 12 Qts.
WEIGHTS
Maxgrosstakeo    
3200
Maxlandingweight    
2900
Maxweightinbaggagecompartment 150
CABIN AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS
Length 126 inches
Height(max)     48inches
Width
front seat 46 inches
rear seat 43 inches
BAGGAGE Compartment Volume
    Approx.13.5Cu.Ft.
SPECIFICLOADING(maxtake-oweight)
Wing loading 32.65 lb./sq. ft.
Powerloading(350h.p.)  9.14lb./h.p.

SPECIFICLOADING(maxtake-oweight)
Wing loading
32.65 lb./sq. ft.
Powerloading(350h.p.)   
9.14 lb./h.p.
GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY
AND SYMBOLS
CAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicated speed of an
airplane, corrected for “position error” and instrument
error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in
standard atmosphere at sea level.
GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane rela-
tive to the ground.
IAS Indicated Air Speed is the speed of an airplane
as shown on the airspeed indicator when corrected
for instrument error. IAS values published in this hand-
bookassumeszeroinstrumenterror.
KCAS CalibratedAirspeedexpressedin“knots”.
KIAS IndicatedAirspeedexpressedin“knots”.
TAS True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane rel-
ative to undisturbed air which is the CAS corrected for
altitude, temperature and compressibility.
V
A ManeuveringSpeedisthemaximumspeedat
which application of full available
aerodynamic control will not overstress the air-
plane.
VFE MaximumFlapExtendSpeedisthehighest
speedpermissiblewithwingapsinaprescribedex-
tended position.
VLE MaximumLandingGearExtendedSpeedis
themaximumspeedatwhichanairplanecanbesafely
ownwiththelandinggearextended.
VLO MaximumLandingGearOperatingSpeedisthe
maximumspeedatwhichthelandinggearcanbesafely
extendedorretracted.
VNE NeverExceedSpeedisthespeedlimitthatmay
notbeexceededatanytime.
VNO/VCMaximumStructuralCruisingSpeedis
thespeedthatshouldnotbeexceededexceptinsmooth
air and then only with caution.
VS StallingSpeedortheminimumsteadyight
speed at which the airplane is controllable.
GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY
AND SYMBOLS
CAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicated speed of an
airplane, corrected for “position error” and instrument
error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in
standard atmosphere at sea level.
GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane rela-
tive to the ground.
GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY

AND SYMBOLS
CAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicated speed of an
airplane, corrected for “position error” and instrument
error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in
standard atmosphere at sea level.
GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane rela-
tive to the ground.
IAS Indicated Air Speed is the speed of an airplane
as shown on the airspeed indicator when corrected
for instrument error. IAS values published in this hand-
bookassumeszeroinstrumenterror.
KCAS CalibratedAirspeedexpressedin“knots”.
KIAS IndicatedAirspeedexpressedin“knots”.
TAS True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane rel-
ative to undisturbed air which is the CAS corrected for
altitude, temperature and compressibility.
V
A ManeuveringSpeedisthemaximumspeedat
which application of full available
aerodynamic control will not overstress the air-
plane.
VFE MaximumFlapExtendSpeedisthehighest
speedpermissiblewithwingapsinaprescribedex-
tended position.
VLE MaximumLandingGearExtendedSpeedis
themaximumspeedatwhichanairplanecanbesafely
ownwiththelandinggearextended.
VLO MaximumLandingGearOperatingSpeedisthe
maximumspeedatwhichthelandinggearcanbesafely
extendedorretracted.
VNE NeverExceedSpeedisthespeedlimitthatmay
notbeexceededatanytime.
VNO/VCMaximumStructuralCruisingSpeedis
thespeedthatshouldnotbeexceededexceptinsmooth
air and then only with caution.
VS StallingSpeedortheminimumsteadyight
speed at which the airplane is controllable.
VSO StallingSpeedortheminimumsteadyight
speed at which the airplane is controllable in the land-
ingconguration.
VX BestAngle-of-ClimbSpeedistheairspeed
which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the short-
est possible horizontal distance.
VY BestRate-of-ClimbSpeedistheairspeedwhich
delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest pos-
sible time.
METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

GPH Gallonsperhourfuelow.
PPH Poundsperhourfuelow.

ISA International Standard Atmosphere in which
 1)Theairisadryperfectgas;
 2)Thetemperatureatsealevelis15oCelsius
(59o Fahrenheit);
 3)Thepressureatsealevelis29.92in.Hg.
(1013.2millibars);
 4)Thetemperaturegradientfromsealevelto
the altitude at which the outside air
 temperatureis-56.5oC(-69.7oF)is-0.00198oC
(-0.003566oF)perfootandzero
above that altitude.
OAT (Outside Air Temperature) The free air static
temperature,obtainedeitherfrominighttemperature
indicators adjusted for instrument error and compress-
ibilityeects,orgroundmeteorologicalsources.
Indicated Pressure Altitude The number actually read
from an altimeter when the barometric subscale has
been set to 29.92 in Hg or 1013.2 millibars.
Pressure Altitude Altitude measured from standard
sea-levelpressure(29.92inHg)byapressureorbaro-
metric altimeter. It is the indicated pressure altitude
corrected for position and instrument error. In this
handbook,altimeterinstrumenterrorsareassumedtobe
zero. Position errors may be obtained from the Altime-
ter Correction Graph.
Station Pressure Actualatmosphericpressureateld
elevation.
Wind The wind velocities recorded as variables on the
chartsofthishandbookaretobe understoodas
the headwind or tailwind components of the reported
winds.
POWER TERMINOLOGY
Take-o and Maximum Continious The highest pow-
er rating not limited by time.
Cruise Climb The power recommended for cruise
climb.
ENGINE CONTROLS/INSTRUMENTS
Throttle Control Used to control power by introduc-
ingfuel-airmixtureintotheintakepassagesoftheen-
gine.Settingsarereectedbyreadingsonthemanifold
Pressure gauge.
Propeller Control This control requests the propeller
to maintain engine/propeller rpm at a selected value by
controlling blade angle.
Mixture ControlThiscontrolisusedtosetfuelow
inallmodesofoperationandcuts ofuelcomplete-
ly for engine shutdown.
EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) This indicator is
usedtoidentifytheleanandbestpowerfuelowfor
various power settings.
CHT (Cylinder Head Temperature) The indicator
used to identify the operating temperature of the en-
gines’cylinder(s).

Climb Gradient The ratio of the change in height
during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance
traversed in the same time interval.
Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity The demonstrat-
ed crosswind velocity is the velocity of the crosswind
component for which adequate control of the airplane
duringtake-oandlandingwasactuallydemonstrat-
ed. The value shown is considered to be limiting. The
valueinthishandbookisthatdemonstratedbyLancair
test pilots and considered safe.
MEA Minimum enroute IFR altitude.
Route Segment A part of a route. Each end of that
partisidentiedby:
  1)ageographicallocation;or
  2)apointatwhichadeniteradiox
can be established.
GPH Gallonsperhourfuelow.
PPH Poundsperhourfuelow.
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
TERMINOLOGY
TIT Thetemperatureoftheexhaustgassesasthey
enter the respective turbocharger.
copydatafrompagesI-14throughI-18
Tachometer Indicates the rpm of the engine/propeller.
Propeller Governor Regulates the rpm of the engine/
propeller by increasing or decreasing the propeller pitch
through a pitch change mechanism in the propeller
hub.
PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT
PLANNING TERMINOLOGY

Reference Datum An imaginary vertical plane from
which all horizontal distances are measured for balance
purposes.
Station A location along the airplane fuselage usually
given in terms of distance from the reference plane.
Arm The horizontal distance from the reference da-
tumtothecentergravity(CG)ofanitem.
Moment The product of the weight of an item multi-
pliedbyitsarm.(Momentdividedbyaconstantmay
be used to simplify balance calculations by reducing the
number of digits.
Airplane Center of Gravity (CG) The point at which
an airplane would balance if suspended. Its distance
from the reference datum is found by dividing the total
moment by the total weight of the airplane.
CG Arm Thearmobtainedbyaddingtheairplane’s
individual moments and dividing the sum by the total
weight.
CG LimitsTheextremecenterofgravitylocations
within which the airplane must be operated at a given
weight.
Usable Fuel Thefuelavailableforightplanning
purposes.
Unusable Fuel Fuel remaining after a runout test has
been completed in accordance with governmental regu-
lations.
Standard Empty Weight Weight of a standard air-
planeincludingunusablefuel,fulloperatinguidsand
full oil.
Basic Empty Weight Standard empty weight plus any
optional equipment.
Payload Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage.
Useful Load Dierencebetweentake-oweightor
ramp weight if applicable and basic empty weight.
Maximum Ramp Weight Maximumweightapproved
forgroundmaneuvering.(Itincludesweightofstart,
taxiandrunupfuel).
Maximum Take-O WeightMaximumweightap-
provedforthestartofthetake-orun.
Maximum Landing Weight Maximumweightap-
proved for the landing touchdown.
Zero Fuel Weight Weightexclusiveofusablefuel.
Tare Theweightofchocks,blocks,stand,etc.used
on the scales when weighing an airplane.
Jack Points Pointsontheairplaneidentiedbythe
manufacturer as suitable for supporting the airplane
for weighing or other purposes.
ler.
Propeller Governor Regulates the rpm of the engine/
propeller by increasing or decreasing the propeller pitch
through a pitch change mechanism in the propeller hub.
PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT
PLANNING TERMINOLOGY
Climb Gradient The ratio of the change in height
during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance
traversed in the same time interval.
Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity The demonstrat-
ed crosswind velocity is the velocity of the crosswind
component for which adequate control of the airplane
duringtake-oandlandingwasactuallydemonstrated.
The value shown is considered to be limiting. The value
inthishandbookisthatdemonstratedbyLancair test
pilots and considered safe.
MEA Minimum enroute IFR altitude.
Route Segment A part of a route. Each end of that part
isidentiedby:
  1)ageographicallocation;or
  2)apointatwhichadeniteradiox
can be established.
Throttle Control Used to control power by intro-
ducingfuel-airmixtureintotheintakepassagesof
theengine.Settingsarereectedbyreadingsonthe
manifold Pressure gauge.
Propeller Control This control requests the pro-
peller to maintain engine/propeller rpm at a selected
value by controlling blade angle.
Mixture Control This control is used to set fuel
owinallmodesofoperationandcuts ofuel
completely for engine shutdown.
EGT (Exhaust Gas Temperature) This indicator is
usedtoidentifytheleanandbestpowerfuelowfor
various power settings.
CHT (Cylinder Head Temperature) The indica-
tor used to identify the operating temperature of the
engines’cylinder(s).
TIT Thetemperatureoftheexhaustgassesasthey
enter the respective turbocharger. Copy data from
pagesI-14throughI-18
Tachometer Indicates the rpm of the engine/propel-