Larson Davis HVM100 User manual

4/11/03
HVM100
Human Vibration Meter
Larson Davis
1681 West 820 North, Provo, UT 84601-1341
Phone: [phone], FAX: [phone]
www.larsondavis.com
IHVM100.01 Rev. D

HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
Copyright (c) 2003, Larson Davis Incorporated. This manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved.
Trademarks
PC is a trademark and IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
Windows 95 and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
ICP® is a registered trademark of the PCB Piezotronics Inc.
Disclaimer
Even though Larson Davis has tested the instrument described within and reviewed its documentation,
Larson Davis makes no warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, with respect to this
instrument and documentation, its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular
purpose. This documentation is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a
commitment or representation by Larson Davis.
Support Policy
Larson Davis will provide periodic updates to this instrument, which may include bug fixes and
enhancements for a period of one year from the purchase date.
Please write your HVM100 serial number, and the purchase date in the following area. You may be
asked to provide this information when contacting Larson Davis for service or technical support on
your HVM100.
Larson Davis is an equal opportunity employer and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color,
religion, gender, national origin, disability or veteran status.
HVM100
HVM100 Serial # _______________________
Purchase Date _______________________

HVM100 User Manual
1
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 1-1
About This Manual.................................................................................................1-1
Accessories .............................................................................................................1-3
Standard Accessories .........................................................................................1-3
Optional Accessories..........................................................................................1-3
Selecting the Proper Transducer.............................................................................1-5
Modes of Operation ................................................................................................1-8
Frequency Weighting Selections ............................................................................1-8
Band Limiting Filters.........................................................................................1-9
Chapter 2 Getting Started 2-1
Menu Navigation ....................................................................................................2-1
Alpha Numeric Menu Function .........................................................................2-1
Indexed Menu Function .....................................................................................2-3
Key Board Functions ..............................................................................................2-4
Setup Key................................................................................................................2-5
Mode Selection ..................................................................................................2-5
Averaging Time .................................................................................................2-6
Time History Settings....................................................................................2-6
Store Time..........................................................................................................2-7
Auto Store..........................................................................................................2-7
2nd History.........................................................................................................2-8
Vibration Mode Weighting.....................................................................................2-9
Hand Arm Mode Weighting ...................................................................................2-9
Whole Body Weighting Mode..............................................................................2-10
Chapter 3 Tools Menu 3-1
Tools Key................................................................................................................3-1
Accelerometer....................................................................................................3-1
Display Units......................................................................................................3-2
Integration..........................................................................................................3-3
Sum Factor X,Y, Z.............................................................................................3-4
AC/DC Output ...................................................................................................3-4
AC/DC Output Settings.................................................................................3-7
Baud Rate...........................................................................................................3-8
Handshaking..................................................................................................3-8

HVM100 User Manual
2
Print History Selection.......................................................................................3-9
Erase All Files....................................................................................................3-9
Erase Setups.....................................................................................................3-10
Header 1,2,3.....................................................................................................3-11
Language..........................................................................................................3-13
Date and Time..................................................................................................3-13
Chapter 4 Range Menu 4-1
Range Key...............................................................................................................4-1
Auto Range ........................................................................................................4-1
Gain X, Y, Z.......................................................................................................4-2
Cal Level............................................................................................................4-3
Calibrate X, Y, Z................................................................................................4-3
Sensitivity X, Y, Z .............................................................................................4-4
Reference Acceleration......................................................................................4-5
Chapter 5 Printing 5-1
Printer Cables..........................................................................................................5-2
Printing to a Printer.................................................................................................5-2
Printing to a Windows Hyperterminal....................................................................5-3
Chapter 6 Storing and Recalling Data Files and Setups 6-1
STORE Key............................................................................................................6-1
Storing a Setup...................................................................................................6-1
Storing a File......................................................................................................6-4
Temporary Data Storage - File Register 00.......................................................6-5
Data Storage - File Registers 01 thru 99............................................................6-6
Preserving the File Counter At Power-Off ........................................................6-6
Recall Key...............................................................................................................6-7
Recalling a Setup ...............................................................................................6-7
Recalling Setup Register S0 at Power-On .......................................................6-10
Recalling a File ................................................................................................6-10
Chapter 7 Taking Measurements/ Viewing Data on the HVM100 7-1
Run/Stop Key..........................................................................................................7-1
Overload Detection ............................................................................................7-1
Under-Range Indicator (?) .................................................................................7-2
Run-Interrupted Indicator (!) .............................................................................7-2
History Key.............................................................................................................7-3
Viewing Time History with 2nd History turned on...........................................7-6

HVM100 User Manual
3
Data Key .................................................................................................................7-7
Chapter 8 Powering the HVM100 8-1
Checking the Remaining Battery Voltage .........................................................8-1
Installing New Batteries..........................................................................................8-1
Using External Power.............................................................................................8-4
Chapter 9 Connections on the HVM100 9-1
Serial Interface Port................................................................................................9-2
Pinout .................................................................................................................9-2
Cables Used........................................................................................................9-3
Transducer Connection...........................................................................................9-4
Pinout .................................................................................................................9-4
External Power Connection ....................................................................................9-5
Pinout .................................................................................................................9-5
Larson Davis Adapter ........................................................................................9-5
AC/DC Output Connector..................................................................................9-6
Pinout .................................................................................................................9-7
Appendix A Specifications A-1
General Characteristics..........................................................................................A-1
Type Precision..............................................................................................A-1
Effects of Temperature.................................................................................A-2
Effects of Humidity......................................................................................A-2
Limits of Temperature and Humidity...........................................................A-2
Effects of Magnetic Fields ...........................................................................A-2
Effects of Mechanical Vibrations.................................................................A-2
Stabilization Time........................................................................................A-2
Data Storage.................................................................................................A-2
Data Communications..................................................................................A-3
Digital Display .............................................................................................A-3
Real-time Clock/Calendar............................................................................A-3
Run-time Clock............................................................................................A-3
Power Supply ...............................................................................................A-3
Dimensions/Weight......................................................................................A-3
Declaration of Conformity................................................................................A-4
Outputs..............................................................................................................A-4
Transducer Electrical Impedance......................................................................A-4
Direct Input ..................................................................................................A-5

HVM100 User Manual
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ICP® Input...................................................................................................A-5
Charge Input.................................................................................................A-5
Functions Measured..........................................................................................A-6
Reference Acceleration.....................................................................................A-6
Reference Calibration Frequency......................................................................A-6
Reference Calibration Vibration.......................................................................A-7
Frequency Weighting Curves ................................................................................A-7
Fa (Flat 0.4 Hz to 100 Hz)............................................................................A-7
Fb (Flat 0.4 Hz to 1260 Hz) Frequency Weighting......................................A-9
Fc (Flat 6.3 Hz to 1260 Hz), Wh, and Ws Frequency Weighting..............A-11
Wb, Wc, and Wd Frequency Weightings...................................................A-13
We,Wj, and Wk Frequency Weighting......................................................A-15
Wg Frequency Weighting (Defined in BS6841:1987)...............................A-16
....................................................................................................................A-17
WB (Whole Body) Frequency Weighting..................................................A-17
Typical Measurements Ranges .......................................................................A-19
Vibration - Fa .............................................................................................A-19
Vibration - Fb, Fc, Ws................................................................................A-20
Hand Arm - Wh..........................................................................................A-21
Whole Body - WB......................................................................................A-22
Whole Body - Wc.......................................................................................A-23
Whole Body - Wd, We...............................................................................A-24
Whole Body - Wg ......................................................................................A-25
Whole Body - Wb, Wj, Wk........................................................................A-26
Appendix B Glossary B-1
Table of equations..................................................................................................B-1
RMS Acceleration........................................................................................B-1
RMS Acceleration in Decibels.....................................................................B-1
Allowed Exposure Time...............................................................................B-2
Energy Equivalent RMS Acceleration.........................................................B-2
Running RMS Acceleration LINEAR..........................................................B-2
Running RMS Acceleration EXPONENTIAL ............................................B-3
Vibration Dose Value...................................................................................B-3
Maximum Transient Vibration Value ..........................................................B-3
Minimum Transient Vibration Value...........................................................B-3
Long Term Maximum Peak .........................................................................B-3
Short Term Maximum Peak.........................................................................B-4
Long Term Crest Factor...............................................................................B-4

HVM100 User Manual
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Short Term Crest Factor...............................................................................B-4
Summed Instantaneous Acceleration...........................................................B-4
Appendix C Serial Interface Commands C-1
Setup and Query Commands .................................................................................C-1
Syntax for setup commands..............................................................................C-1
Syntax for Query commands.............................................................................C-2
System Parameters (Q’s and S’s)...........................................................................C-2
Mode Specific Parameters ................................................................................C-3
Read Data Commands ...........................................................................................C-9
Read Time History Commands............................................................................C-10
Control Commands..............................................................................................C-11
Appendix D Frequency Response Curves D-1
Appendix E Miscellaneous Information E-1
DC Output Calibration........................................................................................... E-1
AC/DC Outputs......................................................................................................E-3
DC Output.........................................................................................................E-3
AC Output.........................................................................................................E-4
Typical Measurement Ranges for Hand-Arm and Whole Body Measurements... E-5
ICP Accelerometers ..........................................................................................E-5
Typical Measurement Ranges for General Purpose Vibration Measurements......E-7
ICP Accelerometers ..........................................................................................E-7
Appendix F Warranty/Customer Satisfaction F-1

HVM100 User Manual
6

4/11/03 Introduction 1-1
CHAPTER
1Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Human Vibration Meter from
Larson Davis. The HVM100 is a powerful but small vibra-
tion measurement tool. This Handheld vibration analyzer
will allow a variety of applications to be performed includ-
ing; Whole Body Vibration analysis, Hand-Arm Vibration
analysis, and general purpose vibration analysis.
This full featured vibration analyzer features 3 input chan-
nels, a sum channel, a variety of frequency weighting and
band limiting settings, single and double integration, dis-
played data in a variety of units, and independent AC or DC
outputs for all 3 channels simultaneously.
We invite you to read this manual to obtain the best results
from your HVM100.
About This Manual
This manual has 9 chapters and 5 appendices covering the
following the topics:
Chapter 1 - Introduction
In this chapter we will discuss the functionality and capabil-
ities of your HVM100. We will also go into detail with
regards to frequency weightings and screen and menu func-
tionality.
Chapter 2 - Getting Started
This chapter will describe in detail the functionality and
selections contained in the Setup menu.

1-2 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
Chapter 3 - The Tools Menu
This chapter will describe in detail the functionality and
selections contained in the Tools menu.
Chapter 4 - The Range Menu
This chapter will describe in detail the functionality and
selections contained in the Range menu. This includes cali-
bration of the HVM100.
Chapter 5 - Printing
This chapter will describe how to download data from the
HVM100.
Chapter 6 - Storing and Recalling Data Files and
Setups
This chapter will describe in detail how to store data and
setup information in the HVM100’s on-board memory.
Chapter 7 - Taking Measurements/Viewing Data on
the HVM100
This chapter will describe in detail how to use the Run/Stop
key to take measurements, and how to view that data on the
display of the HVM100.
Chapter 8 - Powering the HVM100
This chapter will describe the two ways in which to power
the HVM100.
Chapter 9 - Connections on the HVM100
This chapter will describe all of the external connectors on
the HVM100.

4/11/03 Introduction 1-3
Appendix A - Specifications
Appendix B - Glossary
Appendix C - I/O Commands
Appendix D - Frequency Response Curves
Appendix E - Miscellaneous Information
Accessories
Selection of the proper accessories for use with your
HVM100 is one of the most important functions you can
perform. The transducer is especially critical to obtaining
good results.
Standard Accessories
The HVM100 is delivered with the following standard
accessories:
•UserManual
• Batteries, 2 x AA, IEC Type LR6
Optional Accessories
• SEN020 to SEN022 (Accelerometers, 3 axis ICP)
• SEN023 to SEN025 (Accelerometers, single axis ICP)
• SEN026 (3 axis ICP,palm accelerometer)
• SEN027 (Accelerometer, seat pad)
• SEN020-CBL to SEN022-CBL (3 axis accelerometers
including cables)
• SEN023-CBL to SEN025-CBL (single axis
accelerometers including cables)

1-4 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
• SEN026-CBL (3 axis ICP,palm accelerometer
including cable)
• SEN027-CBL (Cable and seat pad accelerometer)
• CBL002 (Cable, serial printer)
• CBL006 (Cable, serial computer, DB9S-mDIN08)
• CBL091 (cable, serial printer for HP printers)
• CBL120 (Cable, 3 x 10-32 male to 4-pin Lemo
female)
• CBL121 (cable, 3 x BNC male to 4-pin Lemo female)
• CBL122 (Cable, 4-pin Microtech to 4-pin Lemo
female)
• CBL123 (Cable, 6-pin DIN male to 4-pin Lemo
female)
• CBL124 (Cable, AC/DC Output, 3 X BNC to
Switchcraft)
• CBL125 (Cable, Mini 4-pin to 4-pin Lemo female)
• ADP060 (Adapter, hand accelerometer)
• ADP061 (Adapter, handle accelerometer)
• ADP062 (Adapter, clamp accelerometer)
• ADP063 (Adaptor, palm accelerometer)
• ADP064 (HVM100 adapter kit)
• PCB394C06 (Hand-held accelerometer calibrator)
• PCB 080A09 (Adaptor, probe tip with 10-32 connector)
• PCB 080A17 (Adaptor, triaxial mounting)
• CCS020 (HVM100 hard shell carrying case
• PSA027 (Power supply, 90-264 VAC to 12 VDC)

4/11/03 Introduction 1-5
Selecting the Proper Transducer
There are several important considerations when selecting a
transducer to perform your measurements. The first decision
that must be made is what type of transducer to use.
There are two general categories of accelerometers, ICP®
and Charge.
• ICP® accelerometers are also called “Voltage Mode” or
“Low impedance” and may be known by various other
vendor trade names. ICP® is PCB’s registered trademark
which stands for “Integrated Circuit Piezoelectric” and
identifies PCB sensors which incorporate built-in, signal
conditioning electronics. The built-in electronics serve to
convert the high impedance charge signal that is
generated by the piezoelectric sensing element to a
usable low impedance voltage signal which can be
readily transmitted over ordinary 2 wire or coaxial cables
to any voltage readout or recording device. The low
impedance signal can be transmitted over long cable
distances and used in dirty field or factory environments
with little signal degradation.
NOTE: The HVM100 has built-in ICP®
power supplies and charge amplifiers.
This will allow the HVM100 to interface
directly with ICP®or charge transduc-
ers, and eliminates the need for external
signal conditioning.
• Charge mode sensors output a high impedance, electrical
charge signal that is generated by the piezoelectric
sensing element. This signal is extremely sensitive to
corruption from environmental influences. To conduct
accurate measurements, it is necessary to condition this
signal to a a low impedance voltage before it can be input
to a readout or recording device. A charge amplifier or
in-line charge converter is generally used for this
purpose.
The final way to use the input of the HVM100 is through the
direct input. This would require the use of some kind of
external signal conditioning unit. An external source of
ICP® power, or an external charge amplifier.
The next item to consider is the sensitivity of the transducer.
The sensitivity of the accelerometer will depend on the
application being performed. If the application is a high
level application, a low sensitivity should be selected. For

1-6 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
low level applications a high sensitivity accelerometer
should be used.
NOTE: Transverse sensitivity is also
something to be considered. Transverse
sensitivity is defined as: The unwanted
output signal of a motion sensor when
subjected to motion perpendicular to the
sensitive axis-usually expressed as a per-
cent of the normal axis sensitivity. For
example if you are using a tri-axial
accelerometer and place an input signal
on the Z axis, your X axis could also be
reading a level even though there is
really no x-axis signal present.
The resonant frequency of the transducer should also be con-
sidered. The resonant frequency is defined as the frequency
at which the structure will readily vibrate. For accelerome-
ters, there is one frequency where the accelerometer will
vibrate much easier that at other frequencies. At this point,
the reading will be very high, and could overload the input
of the HVM100. However, for most of the recommended
accelerometers, the resonant frequency is well above the
upper limit of the HVM100, and will subsequently be
masked out by the low pass filter on the HVM100. If the res-
onant frequency becomes an issue, it is recommended that
an external mechanical filter be used.
Frequency range is the next thing to take into consideration.
Most recommended accelerometers will have a frequency
range sufficient for use with the HVM100. See the fre-
quency response tables (appendix A) and graphs (appendix
D) for more information on the HVM100’s frequency
response.
The last thing to consider is temperature, humidity, and other
physical agents, such as mounting surface, mass and envi-
ronment. The mass of the accelerometer should ideally be no
more that 1/50 of the mass of the object being measured. A
ratio of as little as 1/10 is acceptable in extreme circum-
stances. The affect of these elements should always be con-
sidered when choosing a transducer. Please also be aware of
the different methods of mounting an accelerometer and the
affects of each of those methods on the measured data.
The following is a selection from the PCB catalog listing the
characteristics of a transducer. Please note the items that we
have discussed and note where they appear in a transducer
specification.

4/11/03 Introduction 1-7
About the HVM100
The HVM100 is a powerful, all digital, vibration analyzer. It
features simultaneous 3 channel measurements, small light-
weight design, easy to read display, portability utilizing 2
AA batteries, 115.2 kbps RS-232 interface, three modes of
Specification Unit SEN020 SEN021F SEN022
Voltage Sensitivity mV/g 1 10 100
Frequency Range (+/-5%) Hz 0.5 to 5,000 0.5 to 3,000 0.5 to 5,000
Frequency Range (+/-10%) Hz 0.3 to 6,000 0.3 to 5,000 0.3 to 6,000
Mounted Resonant Frequency kHz ≥25 ≥25 ≥25
Measurement Range +/-g pk 1,500 500 50
Broadband Resolution (1 Hz to 10
kHz) g rms 0.005 0.0005 0.0001
Shock Limit +/-g pk 7,000 7,000 7,000
Operating Temperature Range oF [oC] -65 to +250 [-54 to
+121] -65 to +250 [-54 to +121] -65 to +176 [-54 to +80]
Amplitude Linearity % ≤+/1 ≤+/1 ≤+/1
Transverse Sensitivity % ≤5≤5≤5
Strain Sensitivity g/µε 0.001 0.001 0.001
Excitation Voltage VDC 20 to 30 20 to 30 20 to 30
Constant Current mA 2 to 20 2 to 20 2 to 20
Output Impedance ohms <100 <200 <200
Output Bias VDC 8 to 12 8 to 12 8 to 12
Discharge Time Constant sec 1.0 to 2.0 1.0 to 2.0 1 to 3
Sensing Element Type Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic
Element Configuration Structure Shear Shear Shear
Electrical Connector type/location 4-Pin/side 4-Pin/side 4-Pin/side
Housing material/sealing Titanium/Hermetic Titanium/Hermetic Aluminum/Epoxy
Mounting Thread size 10-32 Female 10-32 Female 10-32 Male

1-8 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
operation: Hand-Arm, Whole Body, and Vibration, and the
capability to display and print text in a variety of languages.
Modes of Operation
The HVM100 is divided into three modes of operation. The
standard mode is the vibration mode. This is the mode
included with the instrument. The other two modes are
optional modes. The Optional modes are Hand-Arm and
Whole Body. Each of these modes feature different fre-
quency weighting selections as outlined later in this chapter.
Frequency Weighting Selections
NOTE: The Hand-Arm and Whole body
modes are separately purchased options.
These options and the frequency weight-
ings associated with these options will
not be available unless they are pur-
chased.
To accommodate the multiple operating modes of the
HVM100, 13 different frequency weighting filters are avail-
able. The following table describes the frequency weighting
options available in each of the operating modes. To select
the frequency weighting for a particular mode, see the sec-
tion in this manual titled Setup Key.
Mode Frequency Weighting
Vibration Ws (Severity)
Fa (0.4 Hz to 100 Hz)
Fb (0.4 Hz to 1250 Hz)
Fc (6.3 Hz to 1250 Hz)
Hand Arm Wh
Whole Body WB
Wb
Wc
Wd
We
Wg
Wj
Wk

4/11/03 Introduction 1-9
The Hand-Arm mode and the Whole body mode frequency
weighting curves are defined in ISO 8041. The Wgfre-
quency weighting curve is defined in British Standard
6841:1987.
Band Limiting Filters
In addition to defining the frequency weightings for Hand-
Arm and Whole Body, ISO 8041 also defines a band-limit-
ing filter to be used with each of the frequency weightings.
Each band-limiting filter is a combination of a high-pass and
low-pass 2nd order Butterworth filter, 12 dB per octave
attenuation, with - 3 dB corner frequencies at the frequencies
listed in table 3 below. When a frequency weighting is
selected in the HVM100 Hand-Arm mode, or Whole Body
mode, the HVM100 automatically places both the weighting
filter and the appropriate band-limiting filter in the signal
path.
Weighting Band-Limiting Filter
Wh6.3 to 1250 Hz
Wb,Wc, Wd, We, Wj, Wk0.4 to 100 Hz
WB, Wg 0.8 to 100 Hz

1-10 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03

4/11/03 Getting Started 2-1
CHAPTER
2Getting Started
This section will introduce you to the keypad and functional-
ity of the HVM100.
Menu Navigation
Navigating through the HVM100”s menus is similar to navi-
gating through other Larson Davis instruments. The menus
are arranged in lists. The appropriate menu key is used to
enter the menu, and then the uUp and dDown arrow
keys are used to scroll through the menu. When you come to
a setting you want to change, press the cCheck key to enter
the modify section of the menu. You can now use the r
Right and lLeft arrow keys to scroll through the options
for that item. After the appropriate selection is in the win-
dow, use the cCheck key to select that setting. This will
place you back into the main menu where once again the
uUp and dDown arrow keys can be used to navigate.
Alpha Numeric Menu Function
The Alpha numeric menu screens include the Header
screens and the Calibrator sensitivity screen. These are set-
tings that require the user to enter letters of the alphabet or
numerals into the field. To change an alpha numeric menu
setting,
Step 1 Go to the menu item you wish to change.
Header 1

2-2 HVM100 User Manual 4/11/03
Step 2 Press the ckey to place the HVM100 into the
modify mode. The selection will begin to blink.
Step 3 Use the rand larrow keys to select a posi-
tion to modify.
Step 4 Use the uand darrow keys to select the char-
acter you want in that position.
Step 5 Use the rand larrow keys again to move to
the next position. When you move to the next
position, the HVM100 will start you from where
you left off. (i.e. if you entered an ‘F’ in the first
position, when you move to the next position, you
will be starting from the ‘F’ on that position.
Step 6 Hit the ckey or move to the next menu item to
accept the change. Anytime you have made a
change, the change will automatically be accepted
even if you don’t hit the check key. You can accept
the change just by moving to another section of
the HVM100.
Header 1

Header 1

Header 1
Wi
Header 1
Wil
Header 1
Wilson Processin