LEYBOLD Turbovac TW 70 H User manual

TURBOVACTW 70 H
Wide-Range Turbomolecular
Pump with Integrated or External
Frequency Converter
Operating Instructions
GA 05.145/3.02
Vacuum Solutions Application Support Service LEYBOLD VACUUM

GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Description
Contents
Page
1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Standard equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Ordering data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1 Operating environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2 Attach the pump to the vacuum chamber . . . . . 13
2.3 Forevacuum connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.4 Connect the cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.5 Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1 Switching on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2 Shutting down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.3 Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.4 Bakeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.5 Removing the pump from the system . . . . . . . . 29
4 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.1 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.2 Service by LEYBOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
EC Declarations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Figures
The references to the diagrams, e.g. (2/10), consist of the figu-
re number and the item number, in that order.
Warning
Identifies working and operating procedures which must be
strictly observed to prevent hazards to persons.
Caution
Indicates working and operating procedures which must be
strictly observed to prevent damage to or destruction of the
appliance.
We reserve the right to alter the design or any data given in
these operating instructions.
The illustrations are approximations.
1 Description
The TURBOVAC TW 70 H is a wide range turbomolecu-
lar pump designed to evacuate vacuum chambers down
to pressure levels in the high vacuum range. It is suita-
ble for pumping air and clean gases. The TURBO.
DRIVE S frequency converter and a forevacuum pump
are required for its operation.
These pumps are not suitable for
-pumping liquids or gases containing dust or particu-
lates
-pumping corrosive or reactive gasses
- operation without a forevacuum pump.
If reactive gases in low concentrations must be pumped
please consult with Leybold.
During operation the pressure inside the pump is so low
that there is no danger of ignition (at pressures below
about 100 mbar). A hazardous condition will be created
if flammable mixtures enter the hot pump at pressures
above 100 mbar. During operation the pump can reach
temperatures as high as 110°C (230 °F). Ignition sparks
could occur in case of damage to the pump and these
could ignite explosive mixtures.
We would be glad to consult with you as regards the
media which can safely be handled with this unit.
Warning Never expose any parts of the body to the
vacuum.
2

GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Description
The pump connection cable is fixed and ready to
connect to the TURBO.DRIVE S frequency converter.
1.2 Standard equipment
The components of the pump are given in the ordering
matrix in Chapter 1.3.1 for each catalog number.
The pumps are shipped sealed in a PE bag with a desic-
cant to absorb moisture.The maximum useful life of the
desiccant is one year.
The forevacuum flange is blank-flanged with centering
ring with FPM sealing ring and a clamping yoke.
The high-vacuum connection elements and the splinter
guard are not part of the standard equipment.
Asuitable DC coupling for the power supply is included:
In the case of pumps with integrated frequency conver-
ter it is supplied with the pump, in the case of pumps with
a separate frequency converter it is supplied with the fre-
quency converter.
————————————
PE = Polyethylene
FPM = Fluororubber, resistant to temperatures up to 150°C (302 °F)
3
1.1 Design
The pumps comprise essentially the pump housing, a
multi-stage rotor with the stator group, and the drive.
The first section of the rotor is a turbomolecular pump
rotor while the second tile represents a Holweck stage.
The Holweck pumping stage increases the permissible
forevacuum pressure level markedly when compared
with the classic turbomolecular pump.
The rotor shaft runs in two ceramic ball bearings, lubri-
cated with grease.
The pump is driven by a split-cage DC motor. In this
motor the rotor and stator windings are separated by a
vacuum-tight can. Consequently the rotor runs inside
the vacuum while the stator is outside the vacuum. This
eliminates any need of vacuum feedthroughs.
The pump is equipped with a temperature sensor and a
resistor code.
Water cooling or an air cooling fan is available as optio-
nal equipment.
The intake flange should be fitted with a wire mesh splin-
ter guard to protect the pump against mechanical dama-
ge caused by foreign objects.
Aplastic vacuum hose can be fitted directly to the fore-
vacuum flange using a new high-vacuum tight port
fitting, or a DN 16 KF flange is available.
Fig. 1 Section through a TURBOVAC TW 70 H
High-vacuum flange
Rotor turbo stage
Stator
Bearing
Rotor Holweck stage
Motor
Bearing
Forevacuum connection

Catalog Number TURBOVAC TW 70 H
High-vacuum flange and housing
DN 63 ISO-K 1
DN 63 CF 2
DN 40 KF 4
DN 40 CF 5
Cooling
Air cooling 2
Water cooling 4
No forced cooling 9
Forevacuum connection
Camozzi coupling 10 mm 1
DN 16 KF 3
Frequency converter
without frequency converter 4
with mounted frequency converter
TURBO.DRIVE S
... with RS 485 interface 5
... with RS 232 interface 6
... with Profibus interface 7
... without interface 8
Description
4GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
1.3 Ordering data
1.3.1 Pumps
800002V
Fig. 2 Examples of TW 70 H
Catalog Number 800002V1934
Catalog Number 800002V1435
Catalog Number 800002V1234
Catalog Number 800002V1915 Catalog Number 800002V1235

Description
5
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Frequency converter TURBO.DRIVE S Part No.
Basic unit 800070V0001
with RS 232 interface 800070V0002
with RS 232 interface and mounted heat sink 800070V0005
with RS 485 interface 800070V00031)
with RS 485 interface and mounted heat sink 800070V0006
with Profibus interface 800070V0004
Connection line pump - frequency converter
(TD Pump cable)
1.0 m long 152 47
2.5 m long 864 49
3.0 m long 864 40
5.0 m long 864 50
DC Cable
3 m 200 12 732
5 m 200 12 733
10 m 200 12 735
20 m 200 12 734
Power supply
SITOP Power 10 152 50
Other power supplies on request
Plug for connector REMOTE with integrated
ON/OFF switch for the pump
(Sub-D plug, 9 pole) 152 48
Heat sink for frequency converter 800110V0001
1.3.2 Frequency converter and accessories for the frequency converter
on
off
Drive (X3)
HEATSINK
DC 24 V
(X4)
1) Previous Part No. 161 11, 136 31

Description
6GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
1.3.3 Accessories for the pump
Part No.
Splinter guard fine 200 17 170
Camozzi coupling 200 04 361
Water cooling with connection G 1/8” 800135V0001
(for fitting to pumps without forced cooling)
Adapter G 1/8” - 1/4” Swagelok
Tube connector G 1/8“ outer dia. 10 mm 200 18 366
Tube connector G 1/8“ outer dia. 8 mm 800 000 273
Sealing ring 10x14x1 224 01 207
Air cooling 800136V0001
(for fitting to pumps without forced cooling)
Flange heater (only for pumps with CF flange)
DN 63 CF, 230 V 854 04
DN 63 CF, 110 V 854 07
DN 40 CF, 230 V 853 97
Copper gasket rings for CF flange (Set of 10 pieces)
DN 63 CF 839 44
DN 40 CF 839 43
Set of hex. screws with nuts, screws
and washers for CF flange
DN 63 CF 838 81
DN 40 CF 839 01
Centering ring (Al) with O-ring (FPM)
DN 63 ISO-K 268 41
Clamps (Set of 4 pieces) 267 01
Centering ring with O-ring for DN 16 KF
Al/CR 183 26
Al/FPM 182 06
Centering ring with O-ring for DN 40 KF
Al/CR 183 28
Al/FPM 182 08
Clamping ring (Al) DN 16 KF 183 41
Clamping ring (Al) DN 40 KF 183 43

Description
7
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
1.4 Technical data
1.4.1 TURBOVAC TW 70 H
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
High-vacuum connection DN 63 ISO-K / DN 63 CF
DN 40 KF / DN 40 CF
Pumping speed (without splinter guard)for
N265 l·s-1
He 55 l·s-1
Ultimate pressure
with two-stage, oil-sealed
rotary vane pump < 10-9 mbar
with diaphragm pump achieving
ultimate pressure < 5 mbar < 10-7 mbar
Max. permissible forevacuum pressure 10 mbar
Weight
Pump 2.3 kg
Pump with TURBO.DRIVE S 3.0 kg
Pump with TURBO.DRIVE S and air cooler 3.2 kg
Pump with TURBO.DRIVE S and water cooler 3.3 kg
Recommended forevacuum pumps
• TRIVAC D 2.5 E
• Diaphragm pump DIVAC 0.8 T
Operating speed 72,000 rpm
Run-up time 1.5 min
Forevacuum connection DN 16 KF or Camozzi coupling
Type of protection IP 20
Noise level < 46 dB(A)
Ambient temperature
during operation + 15 - + 45 °C
storage – 15 - + 70°C
Max. rel. air humidity approx. 95%1)
(non-condensing)
Option pump with water cooling
Cooling water connections G 1/8“
Cooling water data see Section 2.4
1) More details in Applied technical standard IEC 721-3-3
3K3/ 3Z1/ 3B1/ 3C1/ 3S2/ 3M1

Description
8GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Fig. 3a Dimensional drawings for TW 70 H pumps; dimensions in mm
26°
26°
Ø 95
123 145
111
Catalog Number 800002V1934
TW 70 H
with DN 63 ISO-K flange,
no forced cooling,
DN 16 KF forevacuum connection,
without frequency converter
26°
26°2°
Ø 95
123
63
71
64
101
150
Catalog Number 800002V1234
TW 70 H
with DN 63 ISO-K flange,
air cooling,
DN 16 KF forevacuum connection,
without frequency converter
Ø 95
22
h
Height for different
high-vacuum flanges
High-vacuum
flange DN h
———————————
63 ISO-K 145
63 CF 166
40 CF 170
40 KF 155

Description
9
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
152.5
64
26°
26°
2°
100
156
Ø 95
123
147
Catalog Number 800002V1915
TW 70 H
with DN 63 ISO-K flange,
no forced cooling,
Camozzi forevacuum connection,
with frequency converter
26°
26°
Ø 95
2°
100
106
111
75
105
123
156
240
Catalog Number 800002V1435
TW 70 H
with DN 63 ISO-K flange,
water cooling,
DN 16 KF forevacuum connection,
with frequency converter
TURBO.DRIVE S
123
DN 63 ISO-K Ø 95
148
71
64
50.5
155.5
26°
2°
106
Fig. 3b Dimensional drawings for TW 70 H pumps; dimensions in mm
Catalog Number 800002V1235
TW 70 H
with DN 63 ISO-K flange,
air cooling,
DN 16 KF forevacuum connection,
with frequency converter
Cable
length
400 mm

Description
10 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
1.4.2 TURBO.DRIVE S
Supply voltage 24 V DC ± 5%
Residual ripple < 2%
Max. power consumption 170 W
Max. continuous current 6 A
Max. current 7 A
Max. length of the DC cable (shielded)
at 3 x 1.5 mm25 m
at 3 x 2.5 mm220 m
Load capability, relay output 42 V, 0.5 A
Ambient temperature
during operation 10 - 45 °C
storage - 15 - + 70 °C
Temp. of the heat transmission surface 10 - 55 °C
Only Part No. 800070V0004 10 - 50 °C
Power loss ≤20 W
Relative air humidity acc. to DIN EN 60721 Class F
Type of protection IP 20
Weight, approx. 0.7 kg
RS 232/485 interface 19 200 Baud
Address for RS 485 0 - 15
Parity even
Response delay time 2 - 19 ms
Default 10 ms
1.4.3 Power supply SITOP Power 10
AC input voltage 120/230 V, 50/60 Hz
Tolerance 93 - 132 V
187 - 264 V
Recommended circuit breaker
(characteristic C) 16 A
Power consumption 270 W
DC output voltage 24 V ± 1%
DC output current 0 - 10 A
Weight, approx. 1 kg
Mounting DIN rail
Screw-type terminals 0.5 - 2.5 mm2
22 - 12 AWG
Ambient temperature
during operation 0 - 60 °C
storage -25 - + 85 °C
Cooling air convection
Type of protection IP 20
Safety to EN60950 SELV
RI suppression to EN 55022 limit curve B
Noise immunity to EN 50082-2 incl. Table A4
UL508 FILE E143289

Description
11
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
27
67
18,5
29,5
100
50
100
23
23,5
34,5
18,1 63,8
DRIVE (X3)
24 V DC
(X4)
RS485 (X5)
REMOTE (X1)
ERROR
POWER
STATUS
14,5
TURBO.DRIVE S
HEAT SINK
HEAT SINK
HEAT SINK
HEAT SINK
Fig. 4 Dimensional drawing for the TURBO.DRIVE S with RS 485 interface and the SITOP Power 10, dimensions in mm

Connections
12 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
2 Connections
Caution The pumps are not suitable for pumping
aggressive or corrosive media or those
which contain dust.
Install a micropore filter when pumping
media which contains dust.
Observe the information on media compati-
bility at the beginning of these operating
instructions.
Do not open the packaging until immediately before
installation.
Do not remove the covers and blind flanges on the pump
until just before attachment to the equipment to ensure
that assembly is carried out under the cleanest possible
conditions.
Caution Never touch the rotor. Touching the rotor
may cause injury and damage the rotor
bearing.
Warning During operation the pump can become so
hot that there is a danger of burns (up to
approx. 80 °C, 176 °F).
Provide protection against contact with the
hot components.
2.1 Operating environment
The maximum permissible ambient temperature is 45 °C
(113 °F). Do not expose the pump or the frequency con-
verter to dripping or spraying water
If the pump is used within a magnetic field, the magnetic
induction at the surface of the pump housing may not
exceed:
B = 5 mT if impinging radially and
B = 15 mT if impinging axially.
Install shielding equipment as appropriate if these values
are exceeded.
The standard pump version without frequency converter
is resistant to radiation up to 103Gy.
Places of installation up to 1000 m above sea level
(3300 ft) are possible without restrictions. At altitudes
over 1000 m heat dissipation by the ambient air is impai-
red. Please consult us.
——————————————
1 mT (milliTesla) = 10 G (Gauß)
1 Gy (Gray) = 100 rad

Connections
13
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No support is required. If nonetheless an additional
fastening is requested you can use the 3 boreholes in
the pump’s bottom. A rubber foot must be removed from
one of the boreholes.
Caution If foreign objects could pass from the vacu-
um chamber into the pump, install a wire
mesh splinter guard. Foreign objects which
enter the pump through the intake would
cause serious damage to the rotor. Dama-
ge resulting from foreign objects in the rotor
section are excluded from guarantee cover-
age.
Insert the splinter guard so that the surface curvature is
at the top and apply some pressure lightly at the rim so
that the splinter guard engages.
If dust could pass from the vacuum chamber into the
pump, then a micropore filter must be installed between
the vacuum chamber and the pump.
The pump is precision balanced and is generally opera-
ted without a resonance damper. To decouple extremely
sensitive equipment and to prevent transfer of external
vibrations to the pump a special resonance damper is
available for mounting at the high-vacuum flange.
Detach the shipping flange from the high-vacuum flange
and remove the desiccant. Pay attention to scrupulous
cleanliness when making the connection.
2.2 Attach the pump to the
vacuum chamber
Warning The high-vacuum flange must be solidly
mounted to the vacuum chamber. If the
mounting is not sturdy enough, pump block-
age could cause the pump to break loose;
internal pump components could be thrown
in all directions. Never operate the pump (in
bench testing, for example) without proper
flanging to the vacuum chamber.
If the pump should suddenly seize, an ensuing deceler-
ation torque of up to 470 Nm will have to be absorbed by
the system. To accomplish this,
• 4 clamping bolts quality 12.9 or
• 6 clamping bolts quality 8.8
are required for securing an ISO-K type high-vacuum
flange.
Clamping bolts made of steel must be torqued down to
35 Nm (26 ft-lb), those made of stainless steel to 50 Nm
37 ft-lb).
In most applications the pump is flanged to the high-
vacuum flange at the apparatus. The pump can be
mounted and operated in any desired attitude.
Fig. 5 Connection elements
High-vacuum connection flange
Connection cable to
TURBO.DRIVE
Forevacuum connection

Design with ISO-K clamp flange
Lay the O-ring on the centering ring.
The O-ring must be positioned so as to be smooth and
flat; it must not be twisted. Then position the outer ring.
Acollar flange with circlip and the appropriate gasket
may be used to connect the pump.
Acollar flange is required when using ultra-vacuum sea-
ling gaskets.
The order numbers for the flange components are given
in the Leybold Catalog.
Connections
14 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Fig. 7 Using type ISO-K flanges
Centering ring
O-ring (FPM)
ISO-K flange
Outer centering
ring
Clamp
Correct
Wrong
Fig. 6 Installing the splinter guard

Connections
2.3 Forevacuum connection
The high vacuum pressure level which can be achieved
is a function of the volume of gas flow Q to be pumped
and the forevacuum pressure.
We recommend using dry-running diaphragm vacuum
pumps or TRIVAC rotary vane pump for this purpose.
For the forevacuum connection a vacuum hose Ø 10 x 8
mm will be needed. We recommend a polyamide hose.
Remove the shipping cap from the forevacuum connec-
tion. Pull the rear ring and push the forevacuum hose
into the connector. Release the ring. The hose will be
fixed.
Alternatively you may unscrew the hose connector and
use the R 3/8“ screw connection for the forevacuum
connection.
Warning The forevacuum line must be tight. Hazar-
dous gases can escape at leaks or the
gases being pumped can react with air or
humidity.
Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a pump system
incorporating a turbomolecular pump and a TRIVAC
forevacuum pump with an anti-suckback valve.
Aseparate safety valve must be provided for oil-sealed
forevacuum pumps without an anti-suckback valve. The
safety valve prevents oil flowing back from the forevacu-
um pump into the turbomolecular pump when the system
is not running.
To ensure that the forevacuum space at the turbomole-
cular pump is kept largely free of oil vapors during ope-
ration, as well, we recommend installing an adsorption
trap in the forevacuum line. Alternatively purge the fore-
vacuum line with inert gas. In this case the pressure in
the forevacuum line must be over 10-2 mbar.
Provide a roughing line to achieve the shortest cycle
times.
Ensure that the pump is sufficiently isolated against
vibrations generated by the forevacuum pump.
15
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Fig. 8 Forevacuum connection with Camozzi coupling

Connections
16 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
°C
50
40
30
20
10
0
l/h
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
60
Fig. 10 Cooling water requirements
Cooling water flow
Cooling water temperature
Fig. 9 Pump with water cooling
Cooling water connnections

Connections
17
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2.4 Connect the cooling
When installing the pump into a housing, ensure that the
flow of cooling air is not restricted; see Fig. 12.
Caution The pump must be operated with the air
cooling unless you have an agreement from
Leybold for different operation.
Air cooling
When installing air cooled pumps within a system ensu-
re that sufficient quantities of fresh air are freely availa-
ble. The air cooling facility is powered via the pump.
Cooling water specifications
Feed temperature 10 - 40 °C
Feed pressure 2 to 7 bar absolute
Cooling water requirement See Fig. 10
Appearance colourless, clear,
free of oils and greases
Sediments < 250 mg/l
Particle size < 150 µm
pH value 7 to 8.5
Overall hardness (total alkaline earths) max. 20 °
German hardness scale
(= 3.57 mmol/l)
Further information on request.
Connecting the cooling water
Screw on the cooling water lines; connections G 1/8”.
When switching the cooling water supply on and off by
means of an electrically actuated valve, connect the
valve so that it will be switched on and off together with
the pump.
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
012345678
9
10
Operation not possible
Water cooling or
air cooling at 25 °C required
Air cooling at 45 °C required
Air flow of approx 5 m/s required,
max. ambient temperature 45 °C
Convection cooling sufficient,
max. ambient temperature 25 °C
Convection cooling sufficient,
max. ambient temperature 45 °C
Fig. 11 TW 70 H cooling requirements when pumping Nitrogen or air
Forevacuum pressure mbar
N2Throughput
mbar·l/s

Connections
18 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Fig.12 Pump with air cooling
Fig.13 Schematic of a turbomolecular pump system
Legend for Fig. 13
1 Turbomolecular pump
2 Forevacuum gauge port
3 Forevacuum pump
4 Resonance damper
5 Adsorption trap
6 Forevacuum valve
7 High-vacuum valve
8 Valve in the roughing pump line
9 Frequency converter
— — — — Roughing line; recommend to
achieve the shortest possible cycle times

Connections
19
GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
Power supply 24 V DC cable,
max. 20 m
Mains
24 V DC cable,
max. 5 m
Power supply
24 V DC cable,
max. 20 m
Mains
DC cable,
with shielding,
max. 20 m
Mains
Power supply
24 V DC cable,
max. 5 m
DC cable,
with shielding,
max. 20 m
Mains
Power supply
TURBOVAC with integrated frequency converter
without forced cooling
TURBOVAC with integrated frequency converter
with water cooling
TURBOVAC without integrated frequency converter
without forced cooling
TURBOVAC without integrated frequency converter
with air cooling
Fig. 14 Examples for connection
Cooler optional
Cooler optional

2.6 Electrical connection
The TURBO.DRIVE S frequency converter needed to
operate the TURBOVAC TW 70 H has either been inte-
grated in the pump or is a separate unit. For connection
examples see Fig. 14.
Warning The pump may be operated only with a sui-
table frequency converter and suitable
connector cables.
Route all cables so as to protect them from
damage.
Do not expose the pump, the frequency
converter or the connections to water.
Unplug any connectors only when the
mains voltage is switched off and the
pump does no longer turn (the green
LED is off).
Separating the connections while the
mains power is still applied or while the
pump is still turning may destroy the
TURBO.DRIVE S.
2.6.1 Connecting pump and frequency
converter
Only required in the case of a separate frequency con-
verter.
Connect the pump to the frequency converter using a
suitable connecting cable (15 way Sub-D plug X3).
Connect the Sub-D-plugs with the hexagon threaded
bolts UNC 4/40x6 which are provided with the cable.
Make sure that the frequency converter is adequately
cooled; for this see Section 2.6.3 and also Fig. 17.
Connections
20 GA 05.145/3.02 - 02/2001
DRIVE (X3)
ERROR
POWER
STATUS
REMOTE (X1)
RS 485 (X5)
TURBO.DRIVE S
15
12
9
6
0
3
HEAT SINK
24 V DC
(X4)
HEAT SINK HEAT SINK HEAT SINK
Pump connection
Supply voltage
connection 24 V DC
(Optional: Heat sink)
(Optional: 9 pin Sub-D plug
for RS 485 or
socket for RS 232 interface)
LEDs
REMOTE connector
9 pin Sub-D
(Optional: Switch for
bus address, 0-15;
for RS 485 interface)
red LED: Error
yellow LED: Voltage applied
green LED
flashes: Run-up or run-down
lights up: Normal operation
Cooling surface
Fig. 15 TURBO.DRIVE S
Fig. 16
Pump cable Extension cable to
frequency converter
Hexagon threaded bolt