Medxing ESM101 User manual

ESM101
User Manual
Please read the user manual carefully before using this device.
* The picture is for reference only, the actual item is the standard.
Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
(Wrist Type)
REV
A.0
Shenzhen Med-link Electronics Tech Co., Ltd
Shanghai International Holding Corp. GmbH (Europe)
Eiffestrasse 80, 20537 Hamburg, Germany
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
4th and 5th Floor, Building Two, Hualian Industrial
Zone, Xinshi Community, Dalang Street, Longhua
District, 518109 Shenzhen, CHINA
Fax:[phone] E-mail:[email protected]
Website:www.medxing.com

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Table of Contents
1. Important Safety Instructions
1.1 Warning
1.2 Precaution
2. Intended Use & Product Feature
3. Preparation before Use
3.1 Install or Replace Batteries
3.2 System Setting
3.3 User Choice
4. Take a Blood Pressure Measurement
4.1 Important Notes
4.2 Applying the Wrist Cuff
4.3 Correct Body Posture during Measurement
4.4Take a Measurement
4.5 Memory
4.5.1 Memory Recall
4.5.2 Clear Memory
5. Error Indication
6. Troubleshooting
7. Maintenace and Storage
7.1 Maintenace
7.2 Storage
7.3 Disposal
8. Warranty
9. Technical Specifications
10. Device Symbols
11. Electromagnetic Environment
12. About Blood Pressure
12.1 What is Blood Pressure
12.2 What is High Blood Pressure
12.3 What is Morning Hypertension
● Never diagnose or treat by yourself only based on the
blood pressure measurement result since self-diagnose or
self-treat may make the illness get worse. Please follow
the doctor’s directions.
● For the patient with blood circulation disorder or blood
disease, please use this device under doctor’s
instructions.
● It may be a risk when the cuff bladder is inflated for too long time.
● This device is not applicable for neonatal, infant and the people who
can’t express his/her thought.
● This device is used to non-invasive measure human body’s blood
pressure. Do not use it for other purpose.
● Do not use this device close to strong electromagnetic fields such as
mobile telephones or radio installations.
● For the people has irregular heartbeat (such as APB, VPB or AF) the
measurement results may be inaccurate or the blood pressure can’t be
measured successfully.
● Diabetes, hyperlipemia, hypertension etc. diseases will accelerate
atherosclerosis and also will cause peripheral blood circulation disorder.
The blood pressure values measured on their wrist may differ from the
results measured on upper arm.
●
Please operate, transport and store this device in the environment noted
in this manual. Otherwise inaccurate measurement results will be obtained.
● Keep away from children because some parts are small enough to be swallowed.
● Cuff is applied part. The temperature of cuff may achieve 41-43C in
some condition.
● The operator shall not touch battery connectors and the patient
simultaneously.
● Do not use rechargeable batteries.
● The user must check that the equipment functions safely and see that it
is in proper working condition before being used.
1. Important Safety Instructions
1
Warning

● Never diagnose or treat by yourself only based on the
blood pressure measurement result since self-diagnose or
self-treat may make the illness get worse. Please follow
the doctor’s directions.
● For the patient with blood circulation disorder or blood
disease, please use this device under doctor’s
instructions.
● It may be a risk when the cuff bladder is inflated for too long time.
● This device is not applicable for neonatal, infant and the people who
can’t express his/her thought.
● This device is used to non-invasive measure human body’s blood
pressure. Do not use it for other purpose.
● Do not use this device close to strong electromagnetic fields such as
mobile telephones or radio installations.
● For the people has irregular heartbeat (such as APB, VPB or AF) the
measurement results may be inaccurate or the blood pressure can’t be
measured successfully.
● Diabetes, hyperlipemia, hypertension etc. diseases will accelerate
atherosclerosis and also will cause peripheral blood circulation disorder.
The blood pressure values measured on their wrist may differ from the
results measured on upper arm.
●
Please operate, transport and store this device in the environment noted
in this manual. Otherwise inaccurate measurement results will be obtained.
● Keep away from children because some parts are small enough to be swallowed.
● Cuff is applied part. The temperature of cuff may achieve 41-43C in
some condition.
● The operator shall not touch battery connectors and the patient
simultaneously.
● Do not use rechargeable batteries.
● The user must check that the equipment functions safely and see that it
is in proper working condition before being used.
①⑤⑥⑦
⑧
②③④
Product function: Measure and display systolic and diastolic blood
pressure and pulse rate. It can store 2x90 sets memory (2 users, 90 sets
memory for each user).
Intended use: It is intended to measure adult’s systolic and diastolic blood
pressure and pulse rate on wrist.
Applicable wrist circumference: 13.5cm~19.5cm.
● Do not open, alter or repair this device by yourself.
● Do not pull the wrist cuff with excessive force. Do not twist it.
● Only pump up the cuff once fitted.
● Do not impact, drop, trample and shake the device.
● Only use the cuff provided by Med-link to ensure the
measurement accuracy.
2. Intended Use & Product Feature
2
Precaution
①ON/OFF button
② LCD display
③DOWN button
④USER button
⑤SET button
⑥MEMORY button
⑦Wrist cuff
⑧Battery cover
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Figure 1 Device configuration and LCD full display

Open battery compartment cover ⑦and insert batteries to ensure the
polarity (<+> and <->) of the batteries are correct and then close it. If the
low battery icon displayed please replace the batteries immediately.
● Use 2pcs AAA alkaline battery.
● Do not mix different types of batteries, or an old battery with a new one.
● Remove the batteries if the device is not going to be used for long time.
● Reset the time and date after replacing the batteries.
1) Hold SET button ⑤for approx. 3 seconds when the device is switched
off, the year number flashes on the display.
2) Y
ou can set the year by pressing MEMORY button ⑥or DOWN button ③.
3) To confirm and the year by pressing the SET button ⑤.
4) Repeat step 1) to 3) to set the month, day, hour and minute.
5) After setting the minute is finished press SET button ⑤to confirm and
then enter to set the blood pressure unit.
6) Press MEMORY button ⑥or DOWN button ③to shift between mmHg
and kPa then confirm it by pressing SET button ⑤. After that you can
enter to voice setting.
7) Press MEMORY button ⑥or DOWN button ③to shift between ON and
OF (ON means voice guided is switched on, OF means it is switched off)
and confirm it by pressing SET button ⑤. Then switch off the device.
8) Press SET button ⑤you can review the current date, time and user.
You can see the current user by pressing User button ④then shift the user
by pressing this button again. After that you can save this user as current
user by pressing ON/OFF button ①to switch off the device.
3. Preparation before Use
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3.1 Install or Replace Batteries
3.2 System Setting
3.3 User Choice
To ensure the measurement accuracy please follows the below suggestions:
● Do not eat, drink, smoke or exercise before measurement.
● Take the measurement after urination and defecation.
● Sit down for at least 10 minutes before measurement and relax.
● Take the measurement in a quiet environment. Do not move or talk when
take the measurement.
● Leave a small break of 2~3 minutes between two measurements.
● Try to take your measurement at the same time in every day.
1) Remove the items such clothing or watch to ensure your wrist is free.
2) Place the cuff over your left wrist with your left thumb facing upward and
leaving a clearance of approximately 1~1.5cm between the cuff and the
bottom of your palm (Figure 2).
3) Hold the bottom part of the cuff and wrap it around the wrist so it fits
comfortably and securely around your wrist.
4) If you can not apply the cuff on the left wrist, you also can take a
measurement using the right wrist position.
4. Take a Blood Pressure Measurement
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4.1 Important Notes
4.2 Applying the Wrist Cuff

● Support your arm in a relaxed position and ensure that the device is at
the same height as your heart (Figure 2).
● Relax, do not move and do not tense your arm muscles. Breathe
normally and do not talk.
● Do not use the other hand to support the wrist cuff otherwise it will affect
the measurement result.
Please follow the below steps to take a blood pressure measurement after
preparation is finished. (List blood pressure is mmHg for example)
1) Press ON/OFF button ①the device will turn on and LCD display will
show all segments for 1 second. Then “0” will flash and the cuff will start
to inflate automatically. If the voice guided function is ON the device will
provide voice instructions.
2) When the correct pressure is reached, the pumping stops and the
pressure falls gradually. The pulse Icon will flash when the pulse
signal is detected.
3) After measurement is finished the wrist cuff will deflation automatically
then the systolic/diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and blood pressure
unit will be displayed and stored. If the voice guided function is ON the
device will read the measurement result via voice. If irregular heartbeat is
detected the pulse icon will flash.
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Figure 2
4.3 Correct Body Posture during Measurement
4.4 Take a Measurement
● If you feel any uncomfortable such as the cuff is inflated for
a long time it may be a risk. You must stop the
measurement by pressing ON/OFF button ①.
● If the cuff pressure is over 300 mmHg(40 kPa) without
deflation automatically please remove the wrist cuff.
● Repeat measurements will cause the wrist congestion and
then affect the measurement result. Improvement method:
remove the wrist cuff and relax for 2~3 minutes then take a
measurement again.
● Always measure on the same position.
● The blood pressure is affected by many factors.
The values measured by yourself in home may be lower than those
measured in hospital because you feel more relax and comfortable in home.
The daily blood pressure measurement is very important to manage your
blood pressure. But even you take blood pressure measurements in home
the following situations may cause the blood pressure values changing:
- In a hour after dining;
- After drinking wine, coffee or tea;
- After smoking, exercise or bathing;
- Nervous or emotional instability;
- Talking or movement during measurements;
- The ambient temperature is changed rapidly;
- Continuous measurement for long time.
Please follow the doctor’s directions instead of diagnose by yourself
based on the measurement result.
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Warning
Warning

When the device is power off or stand-by press MEMORY button ⑥it
will display the average value of the last three measurement results. You
can recall the measurement by pressing MEMORY button ⑥or
DOWN button ③. If the measurement result is displayed together with
flashed pulse icon it means irregular heartbeat is detected during that
measurement.
If the voice guided function is ON the device will read the measurement
result via voice.You can exit from memory recall by pressing ON/OFF
button ①at any time.
Before clear the memory please confirm that the stored measurement
results are useless to you. We suggest you writing down your measurement
results as blood pressure diary to provide necessary information for your
doctor.
If you decide to clear all stored memory you can press the MEMORY
button ⑥to enter to memory status when the device is power off or
stand-by. Then hold the MEMORY button ⑥for 3 seconds till “00”
displayed.
Please note: you can’t delete individual stored measurement result.
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4.5 Memory
4.5.1 Memory Recall
4.5.2 Clear Memory
The below table explains the error code that may display on the LCD:
5. Error Indication
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Error code Description Remedy
“Er U”
“Er H”
“Er 1”
“Er 2”
“Er 3”
No adequate pressure in the
cuff (the inflation is less than
30mmHg in 12 seconds)
Cuff pressure is too high
(over 295mmHg for 20ms)
Pulse signal is too weak.
Error signal (movement,
talking or
in a electromagnetic field)
Abnormal result
1) Check that the cuff is
correctly wrapped. (Please
refer to 4.2)
2) The cuff leaks. Please
contact Med-link.
Repeat the measurement.
The cuff is too loose.
Re-position the cuff and
repeat the measurement.
(Please refer to 4.2)
Be quiet and repeat the
measurement. (Please refer
to 4.1)
Repeat the measurement

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When the device encounters malfunctions during the use, refer to table below:
No display after batteries
installation and power on.
Measured value is
abnormally high or low.
Cuff inflation rate is too low
or does not be inflated.
Measurement value is
different from the hospital
or the value is inconsistent.
Cuff deflates too quickly.
(1) Check batteries’ polarity.
(2) If still cannot power on, reinstall or replace
the batteries.
(1) Cuff or bladder leakage, please contact
Med-link.
(2) Confirm the cuff is wrapped up correctly
(Refer to 4.2), repeat the measurement.
Cuff is too loose; confirm the cuff is wrapped
correctly.
(1) Blood pressure value is varied during the
day which also will affect by the human
emotional and physical condition.
(2) Record the variance and consult your doctor.
(1) Confirm the cuff is wrapped correctly.
(2) If the user clothing restricts the normal blood
flow, please remove the clothing and repeat
the measurement.
(3) Place the cuff over your left wrist with your
left thumb facing upward and ensure your
wrist is at the same height with your heart.
Repeat the measurement.
6. Troubleshooting
Abnormal situation How to correct
※If above abnormal situation are still persists or you have any further
questions please call Med-link customer service at 400-058-0755.
● Please often clean the device
● Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the surface of this device when it is dirty.
● Use an alcohol swab or cotton tissue moistened with alcohol (70%
Isopropyl) to clean the housing when it is very dirty and then use a dry cloth.
● Never use abrasive cleaning agents, thinners or benzene or other
cleaning liquids.
● Ensure no liquid enters the interior of the device.
● Take care not to scratch the surface of the sensor lens and LCD display.
● Clean the wrist cuff with a damp cloth and mild detergent.
● The device requires no calibration.
● The device is not repairable and contains no user serviceable parts.
● No modification of this device is allowed.
● Please routine check the device. If you find the cuff is damaged, or LCD
display incomplete etc. please contact the customer service appointed
by Med-link.
● We recommend this device is tested for accuracy every one year or
after mechanical impact (e.g. being dropped). Please contact
Med-link to arrange the test.
● Manufacturer will provide circuit diagrams, component part lists,
descriptions, calibration instructions to assist to SERVICE
PERSONNEL in parts repair.
● Do not use the device during maintenance.
● Do not wash the wrist cuff using washer or dish-washing machine.
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7.1 Maintenance
7. Maintenance and Storage

● Do not wet the wrist cuff.
● Protect the device from:
‐Water and moisture
‐Extreme temperature (heat and cold)
‐contamination and dust
‐direct sunlight
‐impact and dropping
● Remove the batteries if the device is not going to be used for a long
time (over 3 months).
Do not dispose of electrical appliances as unsorted municipal waste,
use separate collection facilities. Contact your local government for
information regarding the collection systems available. If electrical
appliances are disposed of in landfills or dumps, hazardous substances
can leak into the groundwater and get into the food chain, damaging your
health and well-being.
This device is covered by a 2 year warranty from the date of purchase.
The warranty is valid only on presentation of the warranty card completed
by the dealer confirming date of purchase or the receipt.
The warranty covers the device. The cuff, battery and packaging are not
included.
Opening or altering the device invalidates the warranty.
The warranty does not cover damage caused by improper handling, a
discharged battery, accidents or non-compliance with the user manual.
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7.2 Storage
7.3 Disposal
8. Warranty
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9. Technical Specifications
Product name:
Display:
Measurement method:
Classification:
Measurement range:
Measurement accuracy:
Battery:
Operating:
Storage/Transportation:
Weight:
Dimensions:
Memory recall:
Auto off time:
Reference to standards:
Accessory:
Digital Blood Pressure Monitor
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Oscillometric
1) Internally powered equipment;
2) Type BF applied part;
3) IPX0;
4) Not intended to be sterilized;
5) The device is not suitable for use in the presence of
flammable anesthetic mixtures with air or with oxygen or
nitrous oxide.
6) Mode of operation: Continuously.
Systolic/Diastolic: 0mmHg~280 mmHg (0kPa~37.33kPa)
Pulse: 40~199 beats/minute
Static pressure: ±3 mmHg (±0.4 kPa)
Pulse: ±5%
DC 3.0V (2xAAA alkaline battery)
Temperature: +5°C~+40°C;
Humidity: 15%~85%RH, non-condensing
Temperature: -20°C~+55°C
Humidity: ≤95%RH, non-condensing
Approx 86g (without batteries)
73(L)×64(W)×28(H)mm
2x90 sets
Approx. 1 minute
Safety: IEC/EN 60601-1, EMC: IEC/EN 60601-1-2,
performance: EN1060-1/-3, IEC/EN 80601-2-30
*User manual *Warranty card
*Storage bag (optional)
Atmospheric pressure limitation(Operating/Storage/Transportation):80~105kPa
Note: Technical alterations reserved.

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10. Device Symbols
The following symbols may appear on the product labeling:
Refer to instruction
manual/ booklet
Batch code
Authorized
Representative in the
European Community Direct current
Waste electrical and
electronic equipments
must be disposed of in
accordance with the local
applicable regulations,
not with domestic waste.
Indicates this device is in
compliance with Medical
Device Directive
93/42/EEC.
0123 is the Notified Body
Keep dry
Type BF applied part
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11. Electromagnetic Environment
Electromagnetic Interference Caution
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
medical devices to the IEC/EN 60601-1-2. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a typical
medical installation. However, because of the proliferation of
radio-frequency transmitting equipment and other sources of electrical
noise in healthcare environments (for example, electrosurgical units,
cellular phones, mobile two-way radios, electrical appliances, and
high-definition television), it is possible that high levels of such
interference due to close proximity or strength of a source may result in
disruption of performance of this device. This Digital Blood Pressure
Monitor is not designed for use in environments in which the pulse can be
obscured by electromagnetic interference. During such interference,
measurements may seem inappropriate or the monitor may not seem to
operate correctly.
Digital Blood Pressure Monitor should not be used
adjacent to or stacked with other equipment and that if
adjacent or stacked use is necessary, Digital Blood
Pressure Monitor should be observed to verify normal
operation in the configuration in which it will be used.
Warning

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Guidance and manufacturer´s declaration – electromagnetic emission – for
all EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
Guidance and manufacturer´s declaration – electromagnetic emission
The model ESM101 is intended for use in the electromagnetic
environment specified below. The customer or the user of the model
ESM101 should assure that it is used in such an environment.
RF emissions
CISPR 11
RF emissions
CISPR 1
Group 1
Class B
The model ESM101 uses RF energy only
for its internal function. Therefore, its RF
emissions are very low and are not likely
to cause any interference in nearby
electronic equipment.
The model ESM101 is suitable for use in
all establishments, including domestic
establishments and those directly
connected to the public low-voltage power
supply network that supplies buildings
used for domestic purposes.
Emissions test Compliance Electromagnetic environment – guidance
1
2
3
4
5
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Guidance and manufacturer's declaration – electromagnetic immunity – for all
EQUIPMENT and SYSTEMS
Immunity test IEC 60601
test level Compliance level Electromagnetic
environment - guidance
Guidance and manufacturer´s declaration – electromagnetic immunity
The model ESM101 is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment
specified below. The customer or the user of the model ESM101 should
assure that it is used in such an environment.
Electrostatic
discharge
(ESD)
IEC 61000-4-2
± 6 kV contact
± 8 kV air ± 6 kV contact
± 8 kV air
Floors should be wood,
concrete or
ceramic tile. If floors are
covered with synthetic
material, the relative
humidity should be at least
30 %.
Power
frequency
(50/60 Hz)
magnetic field
IEC 61000-4-8
3 A/m 3 A/m
Power frequency magnetic
fields should be at levels
characteristic of a typical
location in a typical
commercial or hospital
environment.

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Immunity
test
IEC 60601
test level
Compliance
level
Electromagnetic
environment - guidance
Guidance and MANUFACTURER’S declaration – electromagnetic immunity –
for EQUIPMENT and SYSTEM that are not LIFE-SUPPORTING
Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration – electromagnetic immunity
The model ESM101 is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment
specified below. The customer or the user of the model ESM101 should assure that
it is used in such an environment.
Radiated
RF
IEC
61000-4-3
Portable and mobile RF communications
equipment should be used no closer to
any part of the model ESM101, including
cables, than the recommended separation
distance calculated from the equation
applicable to the frequency of the
transmitter
Recommended separation distance
where P is the maximum output power
rating of the transmitter in watts (W)
according to the transmitter manufacturer
and d is the recommended separation
distance in metres (m).b
Field strengths from fixed RF transmitters,
as determined by an electromagnetic site
survey, a should be less than the
compliance level in each frequency range.b
Interference may occur in the
vicinity of equipment marked
with the following symbol:
3 V/m
80 MHz to 2.5
GHz 3 V/m
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NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies.
NOTE 2 These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic is affected by
absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.
aField strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio (cellular/cordless)
telephones and land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM and FM radio broadcast and TV
broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically with accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic
environment due to fixed RF transmitters, an electromagnetic site survey should be
considered. If the measured field strength in the location in which the model ESM101 is used
exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the model ESM101 should be observed to
verify normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures may be
necessary, such as re-orienting or relocating the model ESM101.
b Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be less than 3 V/m.
Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF
communications equipment and the EQUIPMENT or SYSTEM - for
EQUIPMENT and SYSTEMS that are not LIFE-SUPPORTING
Recommended separation distances between
portable and mobile RF communications equipment and the model ESM201
The model ESM101 is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in which
radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer or the user of the model
ESM101 can help prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining a minimum
distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment
(transmitters) and the model ESM101 as recommended below, according to the
maximum output power of the communications equipment.

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Separation distance according to frequency of
transmitter
m
Rated maximum
output of
transmitter
W
150 kHz to 80
MHz
80 MHz to 800
MHz
80 MHz to 800
MHz
For transmitters rated at a maximum output power not listed above the recommended
separation distance d in metres (m) can be estimated using the equation applicable to the
frequency of the transmitter, where P is the maximum output power rating of the
transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter manufacturer.
NOTE 1 At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the separation distance for the higher frequency range
applies.
NOTE 2 These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is
affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
0.12
0.38
1.2
3.8
12
0.12
0.38
1.2
3.8
12
0.23
0.73
2.3
7.3
23
P
V
d]
5.3
[
1
=P
E
d]
5.3
[
1
=
P
E
d]
7
[
1
=
21
12．About Blood Pressure
12.1 What is Blood Pressure?
12.2 What is High Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of
blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs.
Two pressures are measured for a blood pressure reading:
● Systolic blood pressure is a measure of blood pressure while the heart is beating.
● Diastolic pressure is a measure of blood pressure while the heart is relaxed.
High blood pressure, also known as HBP or hypertension, is a widely misunderstood
medical condition. Some people think that those with hypertension are tense, nervous
or hyperactive, but hypertension has nothing to do with personality traits. The truth is,
you can be a calm, relaxed person and still have HBP. Let's look at the facts about
blood pressure so you can better understand how your body works and why it is smart
to start protecting yourself now, no matter what your blood pressure numbers are.
By keeping your blood pressure in the healthy range, you are:
● Reducing your risk of your vascular walls becoming overstretched and injured
● Reducing your risk of your heart having to pump harder to compensate for
blockages
● Protecting your entire body so that your tissue receives regular supplies of blood
that is rich in the oxygen it needs
The definitions and classification of blood pressure values for adults in accordance
with WHO are listed in below table. Data in mmHg.

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The blood pressure (BP) category is defined by the highest level of BP, whether
systolic or diastolic. Isolated systolic hypertension should be graded 1, 2, or 3
according to systolic BP values in the ranges indicated.
Category
Optimal
Normal
High normal
Grade 1 hypertension
Grade 2 hypertension
Grade 3 hypertension
Isolated systolic hypertension
Systolic
120
120-129
130-139
140-159
160-179
≥180
≥140
and
and/or
and/or
and/or
and/or
and/or
and
Diastolic
80
80-84
85-89
90-99
100-109
≥110
90
12.3 What is Morning Hypertension?
Morning high blood pressure or morning surge is defined as the weekly average for
morning blood pressure reading measured within 1 hour to 2 hours after awakening in
the morning and exceeding 135/85mmHg. Studies have shown that exaggerated
morning blood pressure surge is a risk for cardiovascular events which includes
ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Cardiovascular events have been shown to be
exaggerated in the morning to coincide with morning high blood pressure. In fact heart
attack, stroke and heart failure have been shown to fall particularly on a Monday
amongst all the other days of the week.
Organ damage and diabetic complications have also been shown to be linked with
morning blood pressure surges just in the same way as small artery disease and
multiple celebral infarcts in elder members of society. Morning high blood pressure has
shown some correlation with initial stage and progression of atherosclerosis. Patients
with well controlled blood pressure may still have high morning blood pressure and
this happens in 50% of the cases. Patients with morning hypertension have a 78%
more chance of stroke compared with 48% of other hypertensive patients without
morning high blood pressure. Morning hypertension has also been associated with
changes in heart size and rhythm. This may lead to heart attack or heart failure.
Morning Hypertension can only be detected within 1 hour to 2 hours after
awakening, recommended user monitor their own blood pressure at home.