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Meinberg GPS170PEX User manual

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MANUAL
GPS170PEX
Satellite controlled Radio Clock
2009-06-24
Meinberg Radio Clocks GmbH & Co. KG
Page 0
Table of Contents
1 Impressum 1
2 Content of the USB stick 2
3 General information 3
4 PCI Express (PCIe) 4
5 Blockdiagramm GPS170PEX 5
6 GPS170PEX features 6
6.1 Timezoneanddaylightsaving .................................... 6
6.2 Asynchronousserialports....................................... 6
6.3 Timecaptureinputs.......................................... 7
6.4 Pulseandfrequencyoutputs ..................................... 7
6.5 DCF77Emulation........................................... 8
7 Connectors and LEDs in the rear slot cover 9
7.1 Conguring the 9 pin connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
7.2 Installing the GPS170PEX in your computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
7.3 MountingtheGPSAntenna...................................... 11
7.3.1 Example:............................................ 11
7.3.2 Antenna Short-Circuit Assembly with surge voltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7.4 Poweringupthesystem........................................ 13
8 Firmware updates 14
9 Skilled/Service-Personnel only: Replacing the Lithium Battery 15
10 Time codes 16
10.1Thetimecodegenerator ....................................... 16
10.2IRIGStandardFormat......................................... 17
10.3AFNORStandardFormat....................................... 18
10.4 Assignment of CF Segment in IEEE1344 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
10.5GeneratedTimeCodes ........................................ 20
10.6Selectionoftimecode......................................... 20
11 Technical Specifications GPS170PEX 21
11.1 Assignment of the 5 pin contact strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
11.2 Technical Specications GPS Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
11.3 Format of the Meinberg Standard Time String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
11.4 Format of the Meinberg Capture String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
11.5 Format of the SAT Time String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11.6 Format of the NMEA 0183 String (RMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
11.7 Format of the Uni Erlangen String (NTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
11.8 Format of the ABB SPA Time String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
12 CE-Label 32
0
Date: 2009-06-24 GPS170PEX
Page 1
1 Impressum
Meinberg Radio Clocks GmbH & Co. KG
Lange Wand 9, 31812 Bad Pyrmont - Germany
Phone: + 49 (0) 52 81 / 93 09 - 0
Fax: + 49 (0) 52 81 / 93 09 - 30
Internet: http://www.meinberg.de
Mail: info@meinberg.de
Date: 2009-06-24
GPS170PEX Date: 2009-06-24
1
Page 2 2 Content of the USB stick
2 Content of the USB stick
The included USB stick contains a driver program that keeps the computers system time synchronous to the
received IRIG-time. If the delivered stick doesn't include a driver program for the operating system used, it can
be downloaded from:
http://www.meinberg.de/german/sw/
On the USB stick there is a le called "readme.txt", which helps installing the driver correctly.
2
Date: 2009-06-24 GPS170PEX
Page 3
3 General information
The satellite clocks made by Meinberg have been designed to provide extremely precise time to their users. The
clocks have been developed for applications where conventional radio clocks cant meet the growing requirements
in precision. High precision available 24 hours a day around the whole world is the main feature of the new system
which receives its information from the satellites of the Global Positioning System.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based radio-positioning, navigation, and time-transfer sys-
tem. It was installed by the United States Department of Defense and provides two levels of accuracy: The
Standard Positioning Service (SPS) and the Precise Positioning Service (PPS). While PPS is encrypted and only
available for authorized (military) users, SPS has been made available to the general public.
GPS is based on accurately measuring the propagation time of signals transmitted from satellites to the users
receiver. A nominal constellation of 24 satellites together with some active spares in six orbital planes 20,000
km over ground provides a minimum of four satellites to be in view 24 hours a day at every point of the globe.
Four satellites need to be received simultaneously if both receiver position (x, y, z) and receiver clock oset from
GPS system time must be computed. All the satellites are monitored by control stations which determine the
exact orbit parameters as well as the clock oset of the satellites on-board atomic clocks. These parameters
are uploaded to the satellites and become part of a navigation message which is retransmitted by the satellites in
order to pass that information to the users receiver.
The high precision orbit parameters of a satellite are called ephemeris parameters whereas a reduced precision
subset of the ephemeris parameters is called a satellites almanac. While ephemeris parameters must be evaluated
to compute the receivers position and clock oset, almanac parameters are used to check which satellites are in
view from a given receiver position at a given time. Each satellite transmits its own set of ephemeris parameters
and almanac parameters of all existing satellites.
GPS170PEX Date: 2009-06-24
3
Page 4 4 PCI Express (PCIe)
4 PCI Express (PCIe)
The main technical inovation of PCI Express is a serial data transmission compared to the parallel interfaces of
other computer bus systems like ISA, PCI and PCI-X.
PCI Express denes a serial point-to-point connection, the so-called Link:
Selectable Width
Device A
Device B
Ref. Clock Ref. Clock
The data transfer within a Link is done via Lanes, representing one wire pair for sending and one wire pair for
receiving data:
TX
Logic D+
Component A Component B
D+
VBIAS
VBIAS
D-
D-
RX
Logic
RX
Logic
TX
Logic
This design leads to a full duplex connection clocked with 2.5 GHz capable of transfering a data volume of 250
MB/s per lane in each direction. Higher bandwith is implemented by using multiple lanes silmutaneously. A PCI
Express x16 slot for example uses sixteen lanes providing a data volume of 4 GB/s. For comparison: when using
conventional PCI the maximum data transfer rate is 133 MB/s, PCI-X allows 1 GB/s but only in one direction
respectively. A PCIe expansion board (x1 like GPS170PEX for example) can always be used in slots with a higher
lane width (x4, x8, x16):
Interoperability
Slot x1 x4 x8 x16
Card
x1 Yes Yes Yes Yes
x4 No Yes Yes Yes
x8 No No Yes Yes
X16 No No No Yes
One of the strong points of PCI Express is the 100% software compatibility to the well known PCI bus, leading
to a fast spreading. The computer and the operating system are seeing the more powerfull PCIe bus just as the
convetional PCI bus without any software update.
4
Date: 2009-06-24 GPS170PEX
Page 5
5 Blockdiagramm GPS170PEX
PCI Express
interface
RS232
drivers
COM0/COM1, RS232
10MHz, TTL
programmable pulses
IF-circuit
microcontroller
with
Flash EPROM
master
oscillator
correlator
D/A-converter programmable
logic devive
SRAM
data memory
real time clock
with
EEPROM
antenna power
internal power
sample
clock
data
clock
addr/data
clock
clock
clock
control
voltage
addr/data/control
data
dual Tx/Rx
addr/data
addr/data/control timecode
addr/data
optional
lightning
protector
antenna/
converter
unit power supply
GPS-signal (IF)
LO-frequency
RG58-cable up to 250 meters
without additional amplifier
PCI Express bus
power
D/A converter
drivers
50 W unbalanced
modulated timecode
Tx Rx Refclk
Unmodulated timecode
TTL into 50Ω
GPS170PEX Date: 2009-06-24
5
Page 6 6 GPS170PEX features
6 GPS170PEX features
The satellite controlled clock GPS170PEX is designed as a standard height board for computers with PCI Express
interface. The data transfer to the computer is done by using a single PCI Express Lane (x1 board). The rear
slot cover integrates the antenna connector, the modulated timecode, two status LEDs, and a 9 pin SUB-D male
connector. Monitoring software shipped with the board can be used to check the clock's status and congure
some operational parameters.
The antenna/converter unit is connected to the receiver by a 50 O coaxial cable with length up to 300m (when
using RG58 cable). Power is supplied to the unit DC insulated across the antenna cable. Optionally, an over
voltage protection and an antenna distributor are available. The antenna distributor can be used to operate up
to 4 Meinberg GPS receivers using a single antenna/converter unit.
The navigation message coming in from the satellites is decoded by satellite clock's microprocessor in order
to track the GPS system time with an accuracy of better than 250nsec. Compensation of the RF signals prop-
agation delay is done by automatic determination of the receivers position on the globe. A correction value
computed from the satellites navigation messages increases the accuracy of the boards temperature compen-
sated master oscillator (TCXO) to +- 5(10
-9
) and automatically compensates the TCXOs aging. The last recent
value is restored from the nonvolatile memory at power-up. Optionally, the clock is also available with a higher
precision time base.
6.1 Time zone and daylight saving
GPS system time diers from the universal time scale (UTC) by the number of leap seconds which have been
inserted into the UTC time scale after GPS has been initiated in 1980. The current number of leap seconds is
part of the navigation message supplied by the satellites, so the satellite clocks internal real time is based on
UTC. Conversion to local time including handling of daylight saving year by year can be done by the receivers
microprocessor. For Germany, the local time zone is UTC + 3600 sec for standard time and UTC + 7200 sec if
daylight saving is in eect.
The clock's microprocessor determines the times for start and end of daylight saving time by a simple algo-
rithm e. g. for Germany:
Start of DST is on the rst Sunday after March, 25th, at 2 o'clock standard time.
End of DST is on the rst Sunday after October, 25th, at 3 o'clock daylight time.
The monitoring software shipped with the board can be used to congure the time zone and daylight savings
parameters easily. Switching to daylight saving time is inhibited if for both start and end of daylight saving the
parameters are exactly the same.
The timecode (IRIG, AFNOR, IEEE) generated by GPS170PEX is available with these settings or with UTC
as reference. This can be set by the monitor program.
6.2 Asynchronous serial ports
Two asynchronous serial interfaces (RS232) called COM0 and COM1 are available to the user. Only COM0 is
available at the rear panel slot cover, COM1 must use another submin-D connector which can optionally be con-
nected to the 5 pin jumper block on the board. The monitoring program can be used to congure the outputs. In
the default mode of operation, the serial outputs are disabled until the receiver has synchronized after power-up.
However, they can be congured to be enabled immediately after power-up.
Transmission speed, framing and mode of operation can be congured individually for each port. Both of the
6
Date: 2009-06-24 GPS170PEX
6.3 Time capture inputs Page 7
ports can be congured to transmit either time strings (once per second, once per minute, or on request with
ASCII ? only), or to transmit capture strings (automatically when available, or on request). The format of the
output strings is ASCII, see the technical specications at the end
of this document for details.
6.3 Time capture inputs
The board provides two time capture inputs called User Capture 0 and 1 (CAP0 and CAP1) which can be mapped
to pins at the 9 pin connector at the rear panel. These inputs can be used to measure asynchronous time events.
A falling TTL slope at one of these inputs lets the microprocessor save the current real time in its capture buer.
From the buer, an ASCII string per capture event can be transmitted via COM1 or displayed using the monitoring
program. The capture buer can hold more than 500 events, so either a burst of events with intervals down to
less than 1.5 msec can be recorded or a continuous stream of events at a lower rate depending on the transmission
speed of COM1 can be measured. The format of the output string is described in the technical specications at
the end of this document. If the capture buer is full a message "** capture buer full" is transmitted, if the
interval between two captures is too short the warning "** capture overrun" is being sent via COM1.
6.4 Pulse and frequency outputs
The pulse generator of the satellite controlled clock GPS170 contains three independent channels (PPO0, PPO1,
PPO2). These TTL outputs can be mapped to pins at the 9-pin connector at the rear slot cover by using a DIL
switch. The pulse generator is able to provide a multitude of dierent pulses, which are congured with the moni-
tor program. The active state of each channel is invertible, the pulse duration settable between 10 msec and 10 sec
in steps of 10 msec. In the default mode of operation the pulse outputs are disabled until the receiver has synchro-
nized after power-up. However, the system can be congured to enable those outputs immediately after power-up.
The following modes can be congured for each channel independently:
Timer mode:
Three on- and o-times per day per channel programmable
Cyclic mode:
Generation of periodically repeated pulses.
A cycle time of two seconds would generate a pulse at
0:00:00, 0:00:02, 0:00:04 etc.
DCF77-Simulation mode:
The corresponding output simulates the DCF77 time telegram.
The time marks are representing the local time as congured by the user.
Single Shot Mode:
A single pulse of programmable length is generated once a day at a
programmable point of time
Per Sec.
Per Min.
Per Hr. modes:
Pulses each second, minute or hour
Status:
One of three status messages can be emitted:
`position OK': The output is switched on if the receiver was able to
compute its position
`time sync': The output is switched on if the internal timing is
synchronous to the GPS-system
`all sync': Logical AND of the above status messages.
The output is active if position is calculated AND the
timing is synchronized
Idle-mode:
The output is inactive
The default conguration for the pulse outputs is:

PPO0:
Pulse each second (PPS), active HIGH, pulse duration 200 msec
PPO1:
Pulse each minute (PPM), active HIGH, pulse duration 200 msec
GPS170PEX Date: 2009-06-24
7