Mi Swaco 414 Instruction manual

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual
414
CENTRIFUGE
UL Approved
Worldwide Headquarters
P.O. Box 42842
Houston, Texas 77242-2842
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.miswaco.com
E-Mail: [e-mail] Manual Part #: 90-90-060 Rev. C

DISCLAIMER
Recommendations made by M-I SWACO are advisory only. M-I SWACO
shall not be liable under any guarantees or warranties, expressed or
implied, in any manner or form, AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, ARE HEREBY SPECIFICALLY EXCLUDED, and M-I
SWACO shall not be liable for the failure to obtain any particular results
from the use of any recommendation made by it or from the use of this
material. In no event shall M-I SWACO be liable for incidental or
consequential damages.
©Copyright 2008 M-I SWACO
Publication Date: September 2008
All other products, brand, or trade names used in this publication are the trademarks or registered trademarks of
their respective owners.
All rights reserved. This publication is the property of, and contains information proprietary to M-I SWACO. No
part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of M-I SWACO.
Information contained within this publication is subject to change without notice.

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Table of Contents
Page
Introduction 1
SafetyPrecautions 2
Section 1 Unit Description 3
1.1 Centrifuge Components 3
1.2 Specifications 7
1.3 Rotating Assembly Components 8
1.4 Safety Components 8
1.5 Bowl and Conveyor Speeds 9
1.6 Step Sheaves 9
Section 2 Installation 11
2.1 Transportation and Handling 11
2.2 Centrifuge Mounting 12
2.3 Electrical Installation 12
2.4 Feed Pump 12
2.5 Liquid Feed and Discharge 13
2.6 Solids Discharge 13
2.7 Startup and Shutdown 13
Section 3 Inspection and Maintenance 14
3.1 Shop Inspection 14
3.2 Lubrication 15
3.3 Maintenance of Fluid Couplings 19
3.4 Cleaning 20
3.5 Belt Tensioning 20
3.6 G.S. Coupling 21
3.7 Vibration Sensing Switch 25
3.8 Fluid Coupling 25
3.9 Electrical System 25
Section 4 Troubleshooting Chart 26

Page
Section 5 Repair and Overhaul 27
5.1 Rotating Assembly Removal 27
5.2 Rotating Assembly 27
5.2.1Bearing Alignment 27
5.2.2 Gearbox Alignment 30
5.2.3 Disassembly Gearbox 30
5.2.4 Conveyor Removal 32
5.2.5 Assembly – Gearbox End 33
5.2.6 Disassembly – Large Conveyor Bearing 33
5.2.7 Assembly – Large Conveyor Bearing 34
5.2.8 Disassembly – Feed End 37
5.2.9 Assembly – Feed End 38
5.2.10 Disassembly – Small Conveyor Bearing 38
5.2.11 Assembly – Small Conveyor Bearing 39
5.3 Bowl 40
5.3.1 Level Regulating Discs 40
5.3.2 Solids Discharge Bushings 41
5.4 Conveyor 42
5.4.1 Shimming 42
5.4.2 Installation 42
Section 6 Diagrams and Parts List
1. 414 Centrifuge 44
2. Bowl Assembly 47
3. Gearbox End Assembly 49
4. Feed End Assembly 51
5. G.S. Coupling 54
6. Frame 56
7. Vessel 58
8. Conveyor 60
9. Shim Selection 62
10. 350 kpm Gearbox 64
11. Electrical Assembly 66
12. Electrical Wiring Diagram 68
13. Electrical Cabling 70
14. Electrical Schematic Diagram 71
15. Feed Pump Electrical Diagram 72
16. Special Tools 73
Section 7 Appendix
A. Gyrol Fluid Coupling 76
B. Conveyor Wear Recording 83
C. Plessey Coupling 87
D. Turbostart Fluid Coupling 101
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1
Introduction
This manual contains directions and information concerning the installation, startup,
shutdown and service of the Swaco 414 Centrifuge. Appropriate sections of this
manual must be read and understood before attempting to install, operate or service
this unit. Failure to do so may cause injury to personnel, damage to the equipment or
reduced performance.
The Swaco 414 Centrifuge is known as a decanting type separator. A decanter is a
centrifugal separator having a horizontal axis of rotation. A process liquid or slurry is
supplied to the rotating bowl where the solids are separated from the liquid phase.
The solids are forced to the inner wall of the bowl while the liquid forms a ring inside
the solids. A screw type conveyor transports the solids toward the tapered end of a
conical bowl. The liquid flows in a spiral path, established by the conveyor flights, to
the discharge ports at the large end of the bowl.
The primary application for the 414 Centrifuge is to recover weight material from
weighted liquid mud. This may be for reclaiming the weight material from excess
mud for lowering the plastic viscosity of a mud system.

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General Safety Precautions
The Swaco 414 Centrifuge is engineered and manufactured to perform safely under
conditions described in this manual. This large high speed rotating machine requires
care and understanding for maximum safety. Unsafe practices in maintenance and
operation will cause conditions which are hazardous to both maintenance and
operation and cause conditions which are hazardous to both personnel and property.
The following general precautions should be strictly followed to avoid damage to
property and/or death to personnel.
1. Do not allow personnel to maintain, install, or operate the 414 Centrifuge until
they have read this manual and understood safety requirements.
2. Do not operate the centrifuge until it is properly mounted.
3. Do not operate the centrifuge if the machine is not completely and correctly
assembled.
4. Do not inactivate the centrifuge for any extended period of time without
inactivating the electrical circuit to the motors.
5. Be sure wiring is connected according to wiring plate on motors.
6. Do not operate the machine unless the cover is closed and clamps and
clamping devices are tightened.
7. Do not use inlet connections as supports for feed hoses.
8. Do not operate the centrifuge if unusual noise or vibration exists.
9. Do not attempt to repair the centrifuge until the switch box is locked in OFF
position or has had the breakers locked OPEN.
10. Do not attempt to assemble or disassemble the centrifuge if the bowl is
rotating.
11. Do not operate the 414 Centrifuge until startup and shutdown procedures are
understood.
12. Do not attempt to manually shutoff the back drive motor. It will automatically
shutoff approximately 10 minutes after the bowl drive motor stop button has
been released.

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Section 1 Unit Description
1.1 Centrifuge Components
1.1.1 The centrifuge bowl is the outer member of the rotating assembly and is
composed of one cylindrical section and a conical section. The end piece on
the cylindrical end has ports through which the liquid flows out. Semi-dry
solids are discharge through ports in the small end of the conical section. The
hollow shaft at each end of the bowl is suspended in a pillow block bearing to
allow rotation of the bowl. (See Figure 1)
Figure 1 (Bowl)
1.1.2 The conveyor is suspended inside the bowl on bearings and rotates in the
same direction as the bowl, only slightly slower. The separated solids are
forced to the inside wall of the bowl by centrifugal force and conveyed to the
solids discharge ports in the bowl. The pitch (P) of the conveyor flights is the
distance in millimeters between the flights measured parallel to the axis of the
conveyor.
Figure 2 (Conveyor)

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1.1.3 The planetary gear box, is fitted on the hollow shaft at the cylindrical end of
the bowl. It drives the conveyor by means of a shaft going through the hollow
shaft of the bowl. On the end of the gear box opposite the bowl, is a small
shaft. This is the small sunwheel shaft of the planetary gear box. The speed
and direction of the small sunwheel determines the differential speed, or the
relative speed of the bowl and the conveyor.
1.1.4 The frame is the tubular steel member on which the bowl pillow block
bearings, feed tube bracket and the vessel are mounted. See Figure 4
Figure 4 (Frame)

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1.1.5 The vessel is a stainless steel case mounted on the frame that completely
encloses the bowl. It is divided into compartments that divert the liquid and
solids discharge to their respective outlets. The semi-circular cover is hinged
to allow easy access to the bowl for inspection and maintenance.
Figure 5 (Vessel)
1.1.6 A feed tube is shown in Figure 6. Mud is introduced into the centrifuge
through the feed tube Item 185, Diagram 1. This is a stainless steel tube
approximately 2" O.D. and 36" Lg. It extends into the bowl and conveyor
through the hollow shaft on the conical end of the bowl. Mud is pumped into
the tube by the feed pump. The mud leaves the feed tube and enters the bowl
through a slot in the conveyor (See Figure 2 - Conveyor). This slot in the
conveyor extends approximately the length of the conical section.
Figure 6 (Feed Tube)

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1.1.7 The belt guards on the 414 Centrifuge are made so that access to belts and
G.S. Torque limiting coupling is through the split door on the side. The upper
half of the door folds down for belt inspection and tightening and resetting the
G.S. coupling. The door may be completely removed for other repairs.
Figure 7 (Belt Guards)

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1.2 Specifications
Length 95.5 inches (2426 mm)
Width 70 inches (1778 mm)
Height 34 inches (864 mm)
Weight 3969 lbs. (1804 kg.)
Power Required 460 Vac 60 Hz 3 Ph 50 Amps
Current limiting fused Bussmann LPS 50 or
equivalent (Other voltages and frequency
available on special order)
Motors 25 Hp Main Drive
Bowl:
Dimensions 14" Dia (356 mm). x 34" Lg. (864 mm)
Material Stainless Steel
Conveyor:
Type
Pitch 4.33 inches (110 mm)
Material Stainless Steel
Gearbox:
Type Planetary
Ration 57:1
Mx. Torque 350 KPM (Kilopoundal meters)
Bowl Speed:
High Speed 2500 rpm
Standard 1900 rpm
Recommended Feed Rate* at:
High Speed 40 gpm (9 m/hr)
Standard Speed 60 gpm (13.6 m/hr)
* The maximum feed rates will depend to some extent on the percent and type of solids

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1.3 The centrifuge rotating assembly consists of the bowl, the conveyor and the planetary
gearbox. All these items are described in Paragraph 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3.
1.4 The following safety components are incorporated in the Swaco 414 Centrifuge
1.4.1 Torque Limiter
The torque limiter is a combination of mechanical and electrical controls. The
small sunwheel shaft has a spring loaded coupling (G.S. Coupling - See
Figure 12) which will limit the torque that can be applied to the shaft. If this
limit is exceeded the coupling will disengage and will, by axial movement of
the coupling, trip a limit switch, Item 224, Diagram 1. This will disconnect
power from the bowl drive motor and the feed pump when controlled by
Centrifuge Control System.
1.4.2 The mass of the rotating assembly is very high. To bring this assembly up to
operational speed takes from 90 to 100 seconds. A fluid coupling is installed
between the drive motor and the rotating assembly to allow the motor to attain
full operating speed almost immediately and allow the bowl to reach
operational speed gradually.
Without the fluid coupling, the motor current on startup would be excessively
high and could result in damage such as overheating of connectors and cable
or motor overload protectors or could overload the power plant if it was
operating near full load.
Should a high load on the rotating assembly cause excessive slip in the fluid
coupling, the heat so generated will melt a fusible plug in the coupling causing
the oil to be dumped. This will unload the motor before any damage is done.
1.4.3 Overspeed of back drive motor
The small sunwheel is driven by a back drive motor (Paragraph 1.1.3).
Overspeed of the back drive motor could occur if the back drive motor is
turned off before or immediately after the main drive motor. This would
allow the conveyor to assume the bowl speed. The rotation would be
transferred through the gearbox to the small sunwheel shaft and through the
belts to the back drive motor to rotate at higher than designed motor speeds
and could cause the motor armature to fly apart resulting in property damage
and/or personal injury or death.

Back drive over speed is prevented by an electrical interlock. This interlock consists of a
relay (Item 250, Diagram 12) which allows automatic shut off of the back drive motor
approximately 10 minutes after the main drive motor is shut off. The time needed before
back drive shut off is necessary since low friction in the pillow block bearing and the
mass of the rotating assembly allow ten (10) to twenty (20) minutes of rotation after main
drive motor shut off.
1.5 Bowl and Conveyor Speed
The 414 C ENTRIFUGE Bowl is operated between 1900 and 3200 rpm’s depending on the
application. The conveyor rotates at approximately 10 to 79 rpm’s less than the bowl in the same
direction. The 414 CENTRIFUGE operates at all times with the bowl and conveyor turning in
the same direction and the conveyor turning slower than the bowl. The main drive motor should
be wired so that the bowl always turns clockwise when viewed from the feed tube end.
The small sunwheel in the gearbox is used to vary the differential speed between the bowl and
conveyor. If the sunwheel is “fixed,” that is, not rotated by the back drive motor, the differential
will equal the bowl RPM divided by the gearbox ratio (57:1). If it turns in the same direction as
the bowl, the differential will be less than when it is fixed. If it turns in the opposite direction as
the bowl, the differential will be greater than when it’s fixed. (See Diagram 10)
1.6 Step sheaves having two pitch diameter sizes each on the main drive motor and bowl sheaves
permit operation of the 414 CENTRIFUGE at 1900, 2500 and 3200 rpm’s. The bowl speed is
determined by the combination of sheave sizes selected on the bowl and motor. The motor
mount is made to allow the motor and sheave to move a full sheave width for proper alignment
to obtain the full range of bowl speeds.
Caution:
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPERATE 414 CENTRIFUGE AT BOWL SPEEDS ABOVE 3200 RPM’S.
SPEEDS ABOVE 3200 RPM’S WILL EXCEED THE DESIGN SAFETY LIMITS. THIS COULD
CAUSE THE MACHINE TO DESTROY ITSELF POSSIBLY CAUSING INJURY OR DEATH.
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The figure below provides the combination of sheave sizes to drive the Centrifuge bowl
at the speed indicated.
60 Hz 1750 rpm motor:
Description Part Number Size
Bowl Sheave 96-10-416 4-3V-5.6/4-3V-7.4
Bowl Motor Sheave 96-10-414 4-3V-10.6/4-3V-8.0
Back Drive Motor Sheave 05-79-096 3-3V-10.6
Main Drive Belt 05-06-120 3VX900
Main Drive Belt 05-06-116 3VX850
Back Drive Belt 05-06-127 3VX1000
50 Hz 1450 rpm motor:
Description Part Number
Bowl Sheave 96-10-416 4-3V-5.6/4-3V-7.4
Bowl Motor Sheave 96-10-417 3V-10.6/4-3V-8.0
Back Drive Motor Sheave 05-79-096 3V-10.6
Main Drive Belt 05-06-120 3VX900
Main Drive Belt 05-06-116 3VX850
Back Drive Belt 05-06-127 3VX1000
10

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Section 2 Installation
2.1 Transportation and Handling
2.1.1 The pillow block bearings are subject to damage from shock and
vibration during transportation and handling. To prevent this, the
pillow block bearing should be preloaded using wedge blocks shown
in Figure 8
Figure 8 (Wooden Wedge Blocks)

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2.1.2 Care should be used in loading and unloading this unit to prevent any
unnecessary shock to the components.
2.1.3 Caution: When lifting, always use a four point lift to protect unit from
damage and/or turning upside down during lift.
2.2 Centrifuge Mounting
The 414 Centrifuge must be mounted above the ground to facilitate solids removal.
For recovery of weight material the solids discharge outlet should be located over a
well stirred area of the mixing pit. A slide attached from the solids outlet may be
necessary to route solids to the mixing pit. The slide should be set at a steep angle to
prevent a solids buildup.
The Centrifuge unit must be set level and on adequate supports. It may be necessary
to attach it to the support by tack welding.
2.3 Electrical Installation
2.3.1 The electrical installation should be made by a qualified electrician. Input
power fusing must be current limiting type. See Wiring Schematic, Diagram
12 for sizing.
2.3.2 Feed Pump - Control circuit power is taken from terminals TB1 and TB2 in
the main control box (Item 216, Diagram 11) for the feed pump starter. This
requires running a 14 gauge 2 conductor approved wire from the main control
box to the feed pump starter. For typical hookup see Diagram 15. Pump
starter holding coil must be 120 volts. Power for pump may come from any
source of sufficient amperage and proper voltage. If feed pump auto shut
down feature is not desired, starter may be used as wired and power cable
hooked to any source of proper voltage and sufficient amperage.
2.4 Feed Pump
2.4.1 Any pump capable of furnishing the feed rate desired at sufficient pressure to
overcome line loss may be used to feed the 414 Centrifuge.
2.4.2 A 5 Hp variable speed progressive cavity pump which furnishes 22 gallons
per 100 revolutions is available from Swaco and is ideal for feed between 40
and 80 gpm's. (Swaco Type II Pumping Unit)

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2.4.3 Suction and discharge lines on the feed pump should be sized to minimize
head loss due to line friction.
2.4.4 A water line should be connected between the pump and the feed tube for
washing the bowl and conveyor prior to shutdown.
2.5 Liquid Feed and Discharge
2.5.1 The line feeding mud to the centrifuge should terminate with a male 2" NPT
fitting to mate with the 2" elbow on the feed tube. This line should be
supported so it's weight will not be on the feed tube.
2.5.2 The liquid outlet is a 8" Victaulic nipple. See Figure 5. The line connecting
to this nipple can be steel hard piping, flexible hose or PVC pipe. It should be
sized to accommodate the liquid discharge rate. Because the liquid discharge
is gravity flow, consideration should be given to the fall and length of this line
to avoid plugging from solids settling.
2.6 Solids Discharge
2.6.1 The outlet for solids discharge is 11-1/4" (286 mm) x 18-1/2" (470 mm) with
a 1-1/4" (32 mm) wide flange. See Figure 5
2.6.2 If the centrifuge cannot be located over the proper area a slide may be
attached to the solids outlet to route solids to the mixing pit. Since these
solids will be sticky, the slide must be set at a steep angle to prevent a solids
buildup.
2.7 Startup and Shutdown
2.7.1 Startup
Start back drive motor
Start main drive motor about 10 seconds after back drive motor. Do not start
motors simultaneously. The sudden power drain may overload the power
source.
Allow at least two (2) minutes for the centrifuge to obtain operating speed.
Bring mud feed rate up slowly to desired rate.

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2.7.2 Before shutdown of the 414 Centrifuge, it is necessary to flush the bowl with
water.
1. Shut off the feed pump.
2. Close the mud suction valve.
3. After all conveyable solids have cleared the bowl, open the water line
which tees into the pump discharge line.
4. Flush the centrifuge until clean water is discharged. Close the water
valve.
5. Stop the main drive motor. When the main drive motor is shut off, and
electrical interlock activates and will automatically shut the back drive
motor off after approximately 10 minutes.
6. If the machine is likely to be subjected to freezing temperatures, the
cover should be opened and bowl drained by removing two drain plugs
on the liquid discharge end (Item 25, Diagram 2). Drain any hoses and
pumps that may have liquid trapped in them.
Section 3 Inspection and Maintenance
3.1 Shop Inspection
3.1.1 With the cover closed and bolted down, rotate the bowl by hand and
listen for any unusual noise or scrapping. The bowl should turn freely
without drag. Any noises should be investigated. Check the G.S.
coupling to be sure it is engaged. See Section 3.6
3.1.2 With cover open, rotate bowl assembly by hand and listen for any
noise coming from within the bowl or the bearings. Any noisy
bearings should be inspected and/or replaced. See Section 5.2
3.1.3 Check gearbox oil level. Remove magnetic plugs and inspect for
metallic wear particles - See Figure 10. A large accumulation of
metallic wear particles should be investigated and the cause
determined. Refer to Section 3.2.2, Lubrication of Gearbox.
3.1.4 Inside J-Boxes, Diagram 12:
Check heater packs, Item 249, 237 for proper ratings.
Check fuses Item 245,246,244 to see if they are good, properly sized
and installed properly.
Check limit switch, Item 224, Diagram 1, which is under back drive

guard to see if it is closed when set against G.S. coupling, Figure 12, and
open when coupling is disengaged, Figure 12.
3.2 Lubrication
3.2.1 Lubrication Bearings
The pillow block and conveyor bearings should be lubricated every 100
hours of operation. See Figure 9 for location of grease fittings. Grease
vent holes located behind pillow block housing and in gearbox cover
nearest the bowl, are shown in Figure 9. Proper greasing is obtained when
excess grease comes out the vent holes.
The following is a list of factory approved greases which may be used for
bearing lubrication.
Mystick JT-6 Synthetic Blend
Nils Lithoplex
NOTE: Use only factory approved lubricants. Use of non-approved
lubricants will void warranty.
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