Parr Instrument 4560 Instruction Manual

Parr Instrument Company
No. 396M
Operating Instruction Manual for
4560
Mini Bench Top Reactors

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Related Instructions.......................2
Customer Service..........................2
Preface ...............................................3
Scope ............................................3
User’s Responsibility .....................3
Unpack Carefully...........................3
Fixed Head or Removable
Head Vessel Design......................4
Flat PTFE Gasket or Self-
Sealing O-Ring Closure.................4
Installation .........................................5
Pressure and Temperature
Limits.............................................5
Assemble the Reactor ......................6
Heaters ...........................................7
Identify the Valves ............................8
Gas Inlet Valve..............................8
Gas Release Valve........................8
Liquid Sampling Valve...................8
Other Vessel Head Fittings ..............9
Safety Rupture Discs.....................9
Type J Thermocouple....................9
Pressure Gage ..............................9
How to Use the Vessel .....................10
Removable Head Vessels .............10
Fixed Head Vessels ......................10
Gas Connections...........................11
Pressurizing the Vessel.................11
Do Not Overfill the Vessel .............11
Releasing Pressure.......................11
Withdrawing Liquid Samples .........12
Initial Operating Test .....................12
Internal Cooling Loop ....................12
Air Motor ......................................13
Explosion Proof Operation ..............14
Periodic Pressure Tests .................. 15
Accessories ...................................... 15
Liners ............................................ 15
Spare Parts Kits............................ 15
General Maintenance Notes ............ 16
Parts List ........................................... 17
Standard Internal Parts List .......... 17
Reaction Vessel Parts List ............ 18-20
Overarm Parts List........................ 21
Vessel Heater Parts List ...............7
Support Stand ..............................22,23
Related Instructions
The following Parr publications are
also included to further your understanding
of this instrument and its component parts:
No. Description
230M Safety Precautions to be observed
when operating Pressure Reaction
Equipment
231M Operating Instructions for Parr Safety
Rupture Discs
232M Operating Instructions for Series
4840 Temperature Controllers
234M Operating and Maintenance
Instructions for Parr Magnetic Drives
323M Operating Instructions for Parr
Pressure Relief Valves
201M Limited Warranty
Customer Service
Questions concerning the installation
or operation of this instrument can be
answered by the Parr Customer Service
Department:
309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax: [phone]
www.parrinst.com
[email protected]

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Scope
These instructions describe the
installation, operation and maintenance of
Parr Series 4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
offered in sizes from 100 mL to 600 mL.
They cover the basic steps to be followed for
installing these reactors and describe the
function of all standard components. They
are intended to be used in conjunction with
several related instruction sheets listed on
the previous page. This information
describes several components that are
common to most Parr pressure reaction
equipment, and includes safety precautions
and other related information applicable to
all reaction laboratories. The users should
study all of these instructions carefully
before starting to use these vessels so that
they will fully understand the capabilities and
limitations of the equipment.
Users Responsibility
All Parr Reactors and pressure
vessels are designed and manufactured with
great care to assure safe operation when
used within their prescribed temperature and
pressure limits.
But . . . the basic responsibility for safety
when using this equipment rests entirely
with the user; who must:
1. Select a reactor or pressure vessel
that has the capability, pressure rating,
corrosion resistance and design features
that are suitable for its intended use.
Parr engineers will be glad to discuss
available equipment and material options
with prospective users, but the final
responsibility for selecting a reactor or
pressure vessel that will perform to the
user’s satisfaction in any particular
reaction or test must rest with the user –
not with Parr.
In exercising the responsibility for the
selection of pressure equipment, the
prospective user is often faced with a
choice between over or under-designed
equipment. The hazards introduced by
under-designed pressure vessels are
readily apparent, but the penalties that
must be paid for over-designed
apparatus are often overlooked.
Recognizing these criteria, Parr reactors
and pressure vessels are offered in
several different styles, each designed
for convenient use in daily operation
within certain temperature and pressure
limits, using gaskets, closures and other
elements carefully selected for safe
operation within the limits specified for
that design. But in order to preserve the
validity of these designs, all temperature
and pressure limits must be observed,
and no attempt should be made to
increase these limits by making
alterations or by substituting components
which are not recommended by Parr
Instrument Company.
2. Install and operate the equipment within
a suitable barricade, if required, with
appropriate safety accessories and in full
compliance with local safety codes and
rules.
3. Establish training procedures to
ensure that any person handling the
equipment knows how to use it properly.
4. Maintain the equipment in good
condition and establish procedures for
periodic testing to be sure the vessel
remains structurally sound.
Unpack Carefully
Unpack the equipment carefully and
check all the parts against the, packing list.
If shipping damage is discovered, report it
immediately to the delivering carriers. The
vessel, motor, heater, and temperature
controller may be packed separately for
convenience in shipping, but these parts are
easily reassembled. Examine the
components closely for any loose parts or
shipping damage and be sure to check all
layers of packing materials thoroughly so as
not to overlook any parts which might
otherwise be discarded.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Fixed Head or Removable Head
Vessel Design
In the fixed head design, the head of
the vessel may remain fixed in the reactor
support stand. All attachments to the head,
gas and liquid feed and discharge lines,
cooling water, vapor take-off and condenser,
thermocouple, and any electrical leads can
remain permanently in place. The reactor is
opened by removing the cover clamp
sections and lowering the cylinder away
from the head. In the removable vessel
design, the entire vessel must be removed
from the support stand for charging, product
recovery, and cleaning.
There is no difference in the pressure
or temperature limits or basic operating
instructions based upon the fixed head or
movable vessel options. There are
differences in the design of the stand
components which adapt the vessels to the
support system.
Flat PTFE Gasket or Self Sealing O-
Ring Closure
The flat gasket is held in a recess in
the vessel head and a machine pilot on the
cylinder closes the recess to completely
contain the gasket. The split ring closure
used with this gasket has six cap screws
which must be tightened to develop the
loading on the gasket.
The self sealing design features an
O-ring retained in a groove on the vessel
head. This design is self sealing and the
split ring used with this sealing system does
not require nor have the cap screws used
with the flat gasket.
The flat PTFE gasket can be used to
operating temperatures as high as 350 !C.
The maximum temperature of the vessels
equipped with O-ring seals depends upon
the material used for the O-ring. The most
common material is a fluoroelastomer (FKM)
which has a 225 !C maximum operating
temperature limit.
Parr Series 4560 Mini Reactors are furnished with two structural options in addition to
the size, pressure range, stirrer motor, controller and similar options. These are:
Fixed Head with O-Ring
Moveable Head with Flat Gasket

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
INSTALLATION
Pressure and Temperature Limits
Working pressures up to 3000 psig
(207 bar) maximum are permissible in these
Mini Reactors when constructed of Type 316
Stainless Steel and equipped with a
magnetic stirrer drive. For reactors with a
packed gland instead of a magnetic drive,
the maximum pressure limit is reduced to
2000 psig (138 bar). Pressure limits for
reactors made of materials other than Type
316 Stainless Steel can be estimated as
described in Operating Instruction No.
230M. No attempt should be made to
increase these limits by making alterations
or by substituting components which are not
recommended by Parr Instrument Company.
It must also be understood that lower
pressure and temperature limits may be
required for modified reactors and for
vessels made of special alloys not listed in
Operating Instruction No. 230M. Limits for
such vessels will be determined by the
physical characteristics of the material of
construction and will be prescribed on an
individual basis.
Working temperatures up to 350 !C
are permissible in Mini Reactors equipped
with a standard, flat gasket, No. 457HC2,
made of PTFE fluoropolymer resin. A PTFE
gasket is the recommended choice for most
applications since the PTFE resin is inert to
most chemicals and it will provide good
seals under repeated opening and closing if
the gasket temperature does not exceed
350 !C. The service life of a PTFE gasket
will, however, be reduced considerably if
used at temperatures above 300 !C. For
better service in the 300 !C to 350 !C
operating range Parr recommends a flexible
graphite gasket, No. 457HC3KL.
The maximum working pressure and
temperature for any vessel is governed by
the design of the vessel and the strength of
the material from which it is constructed.
There is also a close relationship between
working pressure and temperature since the
strength of any material will normally fall off
as the temperature is increased.
Temperature and pressure limits are also
affected by the physical properties and
temperature limits of the gaskets and seals
used in the vessel, and by any valves,
gages or other fittings attached to the
vessel. Obviously, the safe operating
pressure of any system can be no higher
than that of its lowest rated component.
Working temperatures up to 225 !C
are permissible in mini reactors equipped
with fluoroelastomer (FKM) O-ring seals.
The higher the operating temperature above
200 !C, the shorter the life of the O-ring will
be. Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) O-ring seals
have a broad chemical resistance and can
be used to temperatures up to 300 !C.
Unfortunately they are very expensive and
will generally be reserved for unique
applications. Ethylene-propylene (EP)
O-rings can be used to 170 !C and are
recommended for applications such as
ethers, ammonia and amines which will
rapidly destroy fluoroelastomer O-rings.
The working pressure and
temperature in these 100 mL thru 600 mL
reactors must not exceed the following
maximum limits:
Pressure and Temperature Limits
Bomb
Material
Maximum
Pressure
Maximum
Temperature
T316 SS 3000 psig 350! PTFE Flat
Gasket
T316SS 3000 psig 225! FKM O-Ring
T316SS 3000 psig 300! FFKM O-Ring

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR
These reactors require at least 10 sq.
ft. of work space on a sturdy bench or table
in a well ventilated area with convenient
access to an electric outlet, running water,
and a drain. If the tabletop is not heat
resistant it would be ideal to provide an
insulated pad on which to set the vessel
when it is hot.
1. Set the Temperature Controller near the
reactor, leaving a space of at least six
inches between the controller and the
base of the reactor so that the controller
will not be unduly affected by radiant
heat. Connect the reactor to the
controller using information contained in
its Instruction Manual No. 232M or follow
the steps below.
2. The support and heater are shipped fully
assembled. The heater raises and
lowers on its support rod to permit the
vessel or cylinder to be removed. Lower
the heater, open the hinged retainer on
the front of the support and slide the
vessel into its support. Fixed head
vessels have a square lip which fits into
a matching groove in the support plate.
Removable vessels are supported by the
split rings which rest on the support plate
adapter. The stirrer drive connector lifts
by rotating and lifting the knob above the
belt guard. The universal joint contains a
cross pin that slips into the groove on top
of the magnetic drive.
3. There is a bracket at the back of the area
where the split ring rests. The thumb
screw on the drop band which encircles
the split ring closure should fit into the
slot on this bracket. This will keep the
vessel from rotating when stirring viscous
reactions. It may be necessary to
reposition the drop band if the gage does
not face forward when the thumb screw
is in the slot.
4. Connect the power cord from the heater
into the heater socket on the rear panel
of the controller.
5. Plug the motor power cord into the motor
socket on the rear of the controller.
6. Note the voltage requirement stamped
on the controller nameplate, and then
plug the power cord into an appropriate
outlet. Power for these reactors should
be drawn from a 3-slot, grounded outlet
capable of carrying up to the full current
rating of the system.
7. Connect the thermocouple extension
wire to both the thermocouple and to the
controller in the reactor input “Master”
position on the rear panel. For vessels
of materials other than stainless steel,
insert thermocouple into thermowell.
8. Connect cooling water to the magnetic
drive. See Instruction Manual No.234M.
9. Connect the rupture disc to a safely vented
connection or area. See Instruction
Manual No. 231M.
10. Using the switch on the Temperature
Controller, turn on the motor for a short
run to check the stirrer drive system but
do not turn on the heater, put heater
toggle switch in center position (OFF).
There must always be a vessel in the
heater when it is turned on, and the
vessel and heater sizes must match.
If the heater is operated without proper
size vessel in contact with the mantle,
the mantle may overheat and burn out.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
HEATERS
Heaters
The 300, 450 and 600 mL Mini
Reactors are equipped with high
temperature fabric heating mantles housed
in sturdy aluminum shells. These mantles
are made in three sizes, designed to provide
uniform heat distribution to the walls and
bottoms of these vessels. They are
attached to the support rod with a clamp,
arranged so that they can be raised or
lowered on the rod as desired. Each mantle
must always be used with a vessel of the
size for which it was designed, and it must
always be fully attached to the vessel before
heat is turned on. Similarly, a short vessel
must never be heated in a deep mantle.
Without full contact with a metal wall, a
mantle will overheat and burn out.
The smaller 100 and 160 mL Mini
Reactors are heated with a high watt density
heater, which is to be clamped directly onto
the cylinder. After the vessel has been
placed in its holder, slide the heater onto the
cylinder and tighten the clamping screw
which projects from the aluminum housing.
Vessel Heaters Parts List
A2230HCEB Heater Assembly, 300mL
400W 115V
A2230HCEE Heater Assembly, 300mL
400W 230V
A2230HC2EB Heater Assembly, 450mL
590W 115V
A2230HC2EE Heater Assembly, 450mL
590W 230V
A2230HC3EB Heater Assembly, 600mL
780W 115V
A2230HC3EE Heater Assembly, 600mL
780W 230V
A2235HCEB Heater Assembly, 100/160 mL
500W 115V
A2235HCEE Heater Assembly, 100/160 mL
500W 230V

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
IDENTIFY THE VALVES
Gas Inlet Valves
The gas inlet valve is easily identified
when the vessel is open by noting that it is
connected to a dip tube which extends to a
point near the bottom of the cylinder. With
this arrangement, incoming gas is always
introduced below the surface of the liquid.
This valve includes a coupling with an “A”
socket connection for attachment of the
pressure hose.
Gas Release Valve
The gas release valve is typically
connected to a side opening on the gage
adapter. Gas released from this valve will
be drawn from the top of the reactor.
Liquid Sampling Valve
The liquid sampling valve is attached
to the same fitting as the gas inlet valve and
connected to the same dip tube. This
provides the operator with a means for
clearing the dip tube to be sure that any
sample taken during a run will be
representative of the charge. This can be
done by opening the gas valve momentarily
to force any liquid in the tube back into the
reactor before withdrawing a sample from
the sampling valve.
Safety Rupture Disc
Gas Inlet Valve
Liquid Sampling Valve
Dip Tube
Stirring Shaft
Lower Guide Bearing
Adjustable Impeller(s)
Pressure Gage
Magnetic Drive
Thermocouple
Gas Release Valve
Vessel Water Cooling Channel
Thermocouple / Thermowell
Cooling Loop
Removable Head Shown

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
OTHER VESSEL HEAD FITTINGS
Safety Rupture Disc
There is a safety rupture disc
attached to the head which is intended to
rupture and release the pressure before it
reaches a dangerous level. A metal tag
wired to the safety head identifies the burst
pressure at room temperature for that
particular disc. A similar tag is furnished
with each replacement disc. This tag must
remain with the apparatus at all times so
that both present and future operators will
be aware of the disc rating. Users should
read the discussion of rupture discs given in
the Operating Instruction No. 231M for a
complete description of the characteristics of
rupture discs and the precautions to be
observed when operating pressure
equipment protected by this type of safety
device.
A typical pre-bulged disc can be used
to 70% of the rating on the tag. For
additional protection, the user should install
an adequate and safe venting system for
removing any toxic, flammable or volatile
materials which would be released if the
rupture disc should burst. A connector for
attaching 1/4" OD tubing to the discharge
port of the rupture disc is provided for this
purpose.
Type J Thermocouple
A Type J Thermocouple in a 1/8"
diameter stainless steel sheath is installed in
each reactor. In reactors made of alloys
other than stainless steel, the stainless
thermocouple is installed in a thermowell
made of the same alloy as the vessel.
Connect the thermocouple to the socket on
the rear panel of the temperature controller
using the A470E2 extension wire furnished
with the reactor.
Pressure Gage
The pressure gage furnished with this
reactor has a T316 stainless steel Bourdon
tube. Gages are furnished in a variety of
ranges to meet individual needs. Typically,
the gage and the rupture disc are furnished
as matched ranges. For applications where a
gage is selected with a range under 1000 psi,
a relief valve is added and set to protect the
gage. A 1000 psi rupture disc is installed as
the fail-safe vessel protection.
For highly corrosive applications
where the vapor phase might corrode the
stainless Bourdon tube, Parr offers isolator
assemblies in a variety of materials. These
isolators with their internal piston isolate the
vapors from the gage.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
Removable Head Vessel
Flat Gasket Closure
Always remove vessels from the
support stand before attempting to open or
close them.
To Open the Vessel
Open the gas release valve to
discharge any internal pressure; then loosen
the six cap screws in the split ring sections.
Loosen the cone pointed screw in the outer
band and lower the band to rest on the
table. The ring sections can now be
removed, and the head with all attached
fittings is free to be lifted from the cylinder.
Handle the head carefully so as not to
damage the stirring shaft and other internals
when they are outside of the cylinder.
Before Closing the Vessel
Examine the head gasket carefully to
be sure that it is in good condition. After
considerable use the PTFE gaskets may
extrude a thin, ragged edge around the
inside and outside diameters. This does not
necessarily mean that the gasket must be
replaced, but the extruded portion should be
removed with a sharp knife. Examine the
mating surfaces on the cylinder and the
head to be sure they are clean and free from
burrs then set the head on the cylinder.
To Close the Vessel
Slide the two ring sections into place
and position them so that the shallow socket
drilled in the outer surface of one of the ring
sections is 180! from the gage face. Raise
the outer band into place around the ring
sections and position the band so that the
cone pointed screw enters the socket
described above; then tighten the screw
lightly to hold the band in place.
Fixed Head Vessels
Fixed head vessels are opened and
closed with the same procedure used for
removable vessels except that they are
opened and closed with the head in place.
Before opening the vessel lower the heater
and swing it well to the side so that it will not
be damaged by any materials that drip from
the vessel as it is opened. When closing the
vessel always hold the cylinder until both
split ring sections and the drop band are in
place to lock the cylinder to the head.
Sealing Vessels with PTFE Gaskets
Tighten each of the cap screws with
the wrench furnished with the apparatus.
Apply a firm but hard pull to each screw. If a
torque wrench is available, apply 25 ft-lbs to
each screw. Tightening should proceed in a
criss-cross pattern rather than progressively
around the circle. Let the vessel stand for
about five minutes after the initial tightening;
then tighten the cap screws again. This will
compensate for any tendency of the PTFE
gasket to flow under the loading pressure.
Routinely inspect cap screws on split
ring closure for lubrication and cleanliness.
It is important to lubricate periodically so that
the required torque is achieved when
tightening the bolts.
O-Ring Closures
The split rings used with the self
sealing O-ring do not include the six cap
screws used to seal the flat gaskets. The O-
ring is held in a groove on the underside of
the head. Before closing the vessel
examine this O-ring carefully to see that it is
in good condition. Slide the head and
cylinder together until the top of the cylinder
and the bottom of the head come together.
Now install the two split ring sections and
lock them together with the drop band.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
(Continued)
Note: The following steps are common to
both head configurations.
Gas Connections
For a gas connection to the vessel,
use the A495HC pressure hose furnished
with the reactor. Attach the hose to a
pressure regulator or flow control valve on a
commercial gas cylinder using PTFE tape or
other thread sealant on the 1/8" NPT male
nipple and on the 1/4" NPT bushing, if used.
Then screw the Type A coned pressure
fitting into the adapter attached to the gas
inlet valve and tighten the compression nut
firmly. Do not use any thread dope or tape
on the coned fitting. The A495HC pressure
hose is made of reinforced Nylon which can
be used for all non-corrosive gases at
pressures up to 2500 psig. For operations
involving corrosive gases, this hose should
be replaced with an A490HC hose (optional)
which has a PTFE lining and a braided
stainless steel outer covering. These hoses
have the same fittings as in the A455HC.
Pressurizing the Vessel
Check all valves carefully before
admitting gas into the system. The liquid
sampling valve must remain closed
throughout the charging procedure. The gas
release valve must also be closed unless
the vessel is to be purged, or unless there is
to be a continuous flow through the reactor
during a run. Always make certain that the
pressure in the gas tank is greater than the
pressure in the vessel; otherwise liquid will
be forced out of the vessel and into the gas
tank when the inlet valve is opened. If there
is any possibility that the tank pressure
might not be high enough to force gas into
the reactor, install a one way check valve
(optional) in the gas line to prevent any
reverse flow.
With the inlet valve open and the flow
control valve on the gas tank closed, open
the main valve on the gas tank only about
one-quarter turn; then use the flow control
valve or the valve on a pressure regulator to
control the flow of gas into the vessel. After
the desired pressure has been reached,
close the tank valves and the vessel inlet
valve and disconnect the hose at the vessel
end.
Do Not Overfill the Vessel
Always watch the pressure gage
closely when admitting gas so as not to
exceed the maximum working limit.
Remember that any subsequent increase in
temperature will raise the pressure. Also, be
sure that the amount of liquid placed in the
vessel is carefully controlled. As a general
rule, the liquid charge should not exceed
two-thirds of the capacity of the cylinder.
Too much liquid in the vessel can lead to
development of dangerous pressures if
sufficient space is not provided for
expansion when the liquid is heated. This
hazard is explained in greater detail in a
warning statement included in the Instruction
Manual No. 230M.
Releasing Pressure
Use the gas release valve to reduce
the pressure in the vessel if the reactor is
accidentally overcharged when filling. Use
this valve also to release any excess
pressure during a run and to exhaust the
vessel at the end of a run. If the discharge
gases are flammable or toxic, discharge to
an exhaust hood or to any other safe
release point.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
(Continued)
Withdrawing Liquid Samples
Liquid samples may be withdrawn
from the sampling valve attached to the gas
inlet fitting whenever the vessel is
pressurized. Always close the inlet valve
before withdrawing a liquid sample, and
open the sampling valve cautiously because
liquid will be discharged with considerable
force. The optional A579HC discharge tube
may be attached to the sampling valve to
discharge the liquid into an appropriate
receiver. Be particularly careful if the
temperature of the sample is above its
boiling point at atmospheric pressure. If so,
it will “flash” and be lost as soon as it is
released from the vessel. This problem can
be avoided by connecting an optional metal
sample bottle to the valve and collecting the
sample in a sealed container. Incoming gas
can be used to clear the dip tube between
liquid samples so that the next sample
drawn through the tube will truly be
representative of the mixture.
Initial Operating Test
Read all operating instructions
carefully so as to be well acquainted with the
correct procedures for handling the vessel
and for operating the controller and other
accessories. An initial operating test should
be made, with only water, to check the
apparatus before starting the first
experimental runs. For this initial test, fill the
cylinder not more than half full of water and
run the temperature up to 150ºC while
checking the apparatus for leaks and
observing the performance of the
temperature controller.
Internal Cooling Loop
Each Mini Reactor (except the 100
and 160 mL sizes) has a single loop cooling
coil installed in the vessel with compression
fittings on the head for connecting 1/4"
copper or plastic tubing to the loop. (Special
1/8” OD spiral coils can be furnished for 100
mL & 160 mL if required. Due to internal
space limitations these coils are attached
with male connectors on the top side of the
head thereby making the coil captive.) A
slow, continuous flow of cold water through
a cooling loop proves a very effective means
for controlling temperature overshoot in
these reactors, particularly when operating
at temperatures below 150 !C. Water flow
through the loop can be controlled
automatically using a solenoid valve in the
cold water line, and connected to the cooling
socket on the rear panel of the Temperature
Controller. With this arrangement, cold
water will be admitted to the cooling loop
whenever the controller calls for cooling.
If internal cooling is not desired, the
cooling loop can be removed and the
opening in the head can be closed with No.
79HW, 1/8" NPT plugs. Optionally, other
1/8" NPT threaded fittings can also be
installed in the coil openings.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Air Motor
Variable speeds from 100 to 2000
rpm with no spark hazard can be obtained
by replacing the standard motor with an
A1393HC air motor assembly. This motor
operates on compressed air which must be
supplied at 40 psig minimum pressure with
at least 10 CFM available at that pressure.
It is furnished with a speed control valve and
oiler, all assembled on a mounting bracket.
To operate reactors equipped with an
air motor, mount the assembly firmly on the
stand and connect the air hose to a
compressed air line. For best torque and
speed control the piping to the motor should
be at least 1/4" IPS or larger. Fill the oiler
with SAE 10 motor oil and adjust the oiler to
feed one drop per minute into the air stream.
For long continuous runs at high speeds the
oiling rate should be increased to three
drops per minute.
If the motor becomes sluggish, flush it
with a non-flammable solvent in a well
ventilated area. Disconnect the air line and
muffler and pour a small amount of solvent
into the inlet port. Rotate the shaft by hand
in both directions for a few minutes; then
connect the air line and run the motor until
there is no further trace of solvent in the
exhaust.
If the muffler felts are dirty, wash
them in solvent or replace them.
Re-lubricate the motor with a squirt of oil into
the chamber and reassemble.
If it becomes necessary to
disassemble the motor to replace the vanes,
follow the directions given in the instruction
sheet published by the Gast Manufacturing
Corporation, Benton Harbor, Michigan.
Air Motor O
p
tion

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
EXPLOSION PROOF OPERATION
If the local safety code requires that
equipment installed in the user’s laboratory
must be explosion proof there are four
possible ignition hazards to be considered:
1. The Motor
The standard variable speed motor is not
explosion proof, yet these motors are not
unduly hazardous if operated in a well
ventilated location where care is taken to
prevent the accumulation of explosive
gases or vapors. To eliminate any
possible spark hazard originating at the
motor, Parr can furnish an air motor as
described previously, or the Reactor can
be equipped with a variable speed,
explosion proof motor which is approved
for use in Class 1, Div. 1, Groups C & D,
and Class 2, Groups E, F, & G
atmospheres. Explosion proof motors
are furnished with a temporary power
cord and plug which are not explosion
proof. The user should remove this
temporary wiring and replace it with an
explosion proof switch and wiring which
will comply with the local electrical code.
2. The Temperature Controller
The Temperature Controllers furnished
with these reactors contain switches and
other elements which are not explosion
proof. The minimal spark hazard
associated with these units can be
resolved by installing the controller in a
remote location outside of the hazardous
area or by enclosing it in an approved
explosion proof housing. If enclosed
within a positive pressure, clean air
housing, the discharge from the housing
must be directed into a safe area. If
requested, Parr will furnish the long lead
wires needed to mount the controller in a
remote location. If the controller is to be
installed in an explosion proof housing,
the user must provide the necessary
housing and installation.
3. The Heater
The elements in the heater could be
dangerous in an explosive atmosphere if
the surface temperature of the element
becomes high enough to ignite
flammable vapors. This hazard must be
evaluated for each individual installation
since major modifications are required if
the heater must be isolated from the
surrounding atmosphere. Users who
consider this a significant hazard are
urged to contact the Parr Instrument
Company for further discussion and
suggestions which might be helpful. Parr
is currently offering aluminum block
heaters and circulating jacketed cylinders
which can be used in hazardous
environments.
4. The Wiring
Unless specifically designed for use in
hazardous atmospheres, the wiring in
these reactors will not meet the
standards prescribed for explosion proof
equipment. Optional intrinsically safe
barriers are also available.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
PERIODIC PRESSURE TESTS
Each cylinder used in a Parr stirred
reactor is tested under hydrostatic pressure
to 1.3 times its maximum rating before it is
released from the factory. Micrometer
caliper measurements are taken during this
test to check the deflection of the walls of
the cylinder under pressure. Excessive
deflection or failure of the metal to resume
its original dimensions after pressure is
released indicates that a cylinder is
potentially unsafe and it will be rejected.
Similar tests should be made at regular
intervals during the life of each cylinder, and
particularly whenever the user suspects that
the equipment has been over-stressed or
damaged.
Some laboratories maintain hydraulic
test facilities and make it a rule that all
pressure vessels must be tested at regular
intervals. Records are kept of deflections at
specific test pressures so that any increase
in deflection becomes a warning that the
metal has lost strength. Any cylinder which
fails to return to its original dimensions after
application of the prescribed hydrostatic test
should be discarded as unsafe for further
use.
Users who do not have pressure test
facilities can return any Parr pressure vessel
to the factory for hydrostatic testing and
overhaul. This should be done whenever
the metal shows excessive damage from
corrosion or whenever an over-pressure or
other unusual occurrence raises any safety
questions. Apparatus returned for testing
and overhaul should be shipped prepaid to
the Parr Instrument Company,
211-53rd Street, Moline, Illinois 61265. An
order or letter of instructions should be
mailed to the same address, as no repair
work will be started without specific
instructions. A return authorization number
is required as well as a certificate of
cleanliness signed by a responsible user.
ACCESSORIES
Liners
Glass or PTFE liners can be
furnished to fit most Parr reactors. These
liners slide into the cylinder. Although they
will not keep corrosive vapors from reaching
the surfaces of the cylinder and head, they
make it much easier to add and remove
liquid reactants, and they give some
protection to the cylinder when working with
corrosive solutions. It must be noted,
however, that adding a PTFE liner will slow
the heat transfer rate into the vessel, and it
may be necessary to adjust the temperature
control method to prevent overheating.
Liner Part Numbers
Fits
ID
Cylinder
Size
Glass
Liner
PTFE
Liner
2.06" 100 mL 762HC7 762HC7HA
2.5" 160 mL 762HC8 762HC8HA
2.5” 300 mL 762HC 762HC4HA
2.5" 450 mL 762HC2 762HC5HA
2.5" 600 mL 762HC3 762HC6HA
Spare Parts Kit
Spare parts kits are available for
these reactors. The kits will provide a
reserve supply of parts and tools sufficient to
handle most normal replacements and
emergency repairs during a year of heavy
usage.
The kits contain small perishable
items required for continuous operation
including gaskets, bushings, rupture discs
and seals. They can be ordered from any
Parr Dealer or direct from the Parr
Instrument Company. The order must
specify the reactor size and indicate type of
rupture disc, stirrer drive and whether it has
a flat-gasket or O-ring closure. It is most
advantageous to provide the complete
vessel number from the head or cylinder.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
GENERAL MAINTENANCE NOTES
1. Periodically inspect all electrical wiring
and pressure connections for excessive
corrosion. Suspect parts should be
replaced by components only supplied
by Parr Instrument Company.
2. Always use appropriate wrenches on all
fittings and valves. Never use pliers or
pipe wrenches.
3. Head and cylinder service fixtures are
available for convenience and protection
of components during maintenance of
your reactor.
4. A light coating of thread lubricant, such
as Parr High Temperature Anti-Seize
Lubricant (424HC2), applied to the
straight threads and to the nose of coned
adapter will help to obtain a tight joint.
PTFE tape should be used only on all
tapered (NPT) threads not NPS straight
threads.
5. NPT (National Pipe Taper) threads
should not be disassembled any more
than necessary. It will become
increasingly difficult to maintain a tight
seal with these tapered threads if the
joint is made and broken repeatedly.
6. Do not use oil or anti-seize lubricant on
threads or fittings if the vessel is to be
used with oxygen.
7. If your vessel is equipped with a loose
compression ring be sure that it is in
place on the head before attaching any
head fittings. The compression ring
cannot be installed after fittings have
been screwed into the head.
8. Clean all threads and gas passages
thoroughly and remove all tape
fragments when overhauling a vessel.
An ultrasonic bath is excellent for
cleaning metal parts, but do not place a
thermocouple probe, pressure gage, face
seals or ball bearings in an ultrasonic
bath. Periodic cleaning may be
performed on the exterior surfaces of the
reactor stand with a damp cloth. All
electrical power should be disconnected
when cleaning.
9. Routinely inspect cap screws on split ring
closure for lubrication and cleanliness. It
is important to clean and lubricate
periodically so that the required torque is
achieved when tightening the bolts.
10. To operate reactors equipped with an air
motor, connect air hose to a compressed
air line. For best torque and speed
control the piping to the motor should be
at least 1/4” IPS or larger. Fill the oiler
with SAE 10 motor oil and adjust the oiler
feed to one drop per minute into the air
stream. For long continuous runs at high
speeds the oiling rate should be
increased to three drops per minute. If
the motor becomes sluggish, flush it with
a non-flammable solvent in a well
ventilated area. Disconnect the air line
and muffler and pour a small amount of
solvent into the inlet port. Rotate the
shaft by hand in both directions for a few
minutes; then connect the air line and
run the motor until there is no further
trace of solvent in the exhaust. If the
muffler is dirty, replace it. Re-lubricate
the motor with a squirt of oil into the
chamber and reassemble.
11. If servicing assistance is needed, contact
Parr Instrument Company direct at the
address shown on the back of these
instructions.

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Bomb Closure and
Standard Internal Parts
232HCF
454HC
457HC2
A456HC
A455HC
818HC_
A834HC or
914HC
*
452HC_
A837HC_
822HC_
832HC_
456HCF2
232HCF
A834HC_ or
A92HW_*
831HC_
* For Special Materials

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Reaction Vessel Parts List
Consult the itemized list for your
reactor, provided along with this manual.
For purpose of reactor identification the
following abbreviation codes are used:
RV – Removable Vessel FH – Fixed Head
FG - Flat Gasket Seal OR - O-Ring Seal
SS - T316 only SP - Special Alloy
MD – Magnetic Drive
* For parts made from alternate materials
use the codes shown below as a suffix to
the standard part number.
CM -Alloy 400 CC - Alloy 20CB3
CT - Alloy 600 CA - Titanium G2 or G4
CF - Hastelloy CX - Zirconium
C-2000 CG - Alloy B-2
CH - Alloy C-276
FMD – Footless Magnetic Drive
Part No. Description Code
Cylinders*
452HC Cylinder 300 mL FG
452HC2 Cylinder 450 mL FG
452HC3 Cylinder 600 mL FG
452HC8 Cylinder 100 mL FG
452HC9 Cylinder 160 mL FG
2342HC Cylinder 300 mL OR
2342HC2 Cylinder 450 mL OR
2342HC3 Cylinder 600 mL OR
2342HC4 Cylinder 100 mL OR
2342HC5 Cylinder 160 mL OR
Heads*
818HC Head, for thermocouple RVFG
818HC2* Head, for thermowell RVFG
818HC39 Head, for FMD RVFG
818HC40* Head, for FMD RVFG
2201HC Head, for thermocouple FHFG
2201HC2* Head, for thermowell FHFG
2201HC5 Head, for FMD FHFG
2201HC6* Head, for FMD FHFG
2340HC Head, for thermocouple RVOR
2340HC2* Head, for thermowell RVOR
2340HC5 Head, for FMD RVOR
2340HC6* Head, for FMD RVOR
2343HC Head, for thermocouple FHOR
2343HC2* Head, for thermowell FHOR
2343HC5 Head, for FMD FHOR
2343HC6* Head, for FMD FHOR
* For Special Materials
Part No. Description Code
Internal Fittings*
Dip Tubes
832HC Dip Tube for 300 mL SS
832HC4* Dip Tube with nut, 300 mL SP
832HC2 Dip Tube, 450 mL SS
832HC5* Dip Tube with nut, 450 mL SP
832HC3 Dip Tube, 600 mL SS
832HC6* Dip Tube with nut, 600 mL SP
832HC8* Dip Tube with nut, 160 mL
832HC19* Dip Tube with nut, 100 mL
Male Connectors
A833HC Male Connector,
1/8NPTM x 1/8T SS
A834HC Male Connector,
1/8 NPTM x 3/16T SS
A92HW* Male Connector,
1/8 NPTM x 1/4T SS
A138CA Male Connector,1/8 NPTM
X 1/4T Thermowell SP
Cooling Loop
831HC Cooling Loop for 300 mL SS
831HC6* Cooling Loop for 300 mL SP
831HC2 Cooling Loop for 450 mL SS
831HC7* Cooling Loop for 450 mL SP
831HC3 Cooling Loop for 600 mL SS
831HC8* Cooling Loop for 600 mL SP
Stirrer Support Bracket
(450 mL and 600 mL only)
A1260HC Stirrer Bracket w/ bushing SS
A1260HC2* Stirrer Bracket w/ bushing SP
1261HC Stirrer Bracket Bushing

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
Part No. Description Code
Part No. Description Code
Stirrer Shafts*
822HC15 Shaft, MD, 300 mL RV
822HC30 Shaft, MD, 300 mL FH
822HC16 Shaft, MD, 450 mL RV
822HC31 Shaft, MD, 450 mL FH
822HC17 Shaft, MD, 600 mL RV
822HC32 Shaft, MD, 600 mL FH
822HC18 Shaft, MD, 100 mL RV
822HC33 Shaft, MD, 100 mL FH
822HC18 Shaft, MD, 160 mL RV
822HC33 Shaft, MD, 160 mL FH
2141HC Shaft, FMD, 300mL RV
2141HC2 Shaft, FMD, 450mL RV
2141HC3 Shaft, FMD, 600mL RV
2141HC6 Shaft, FMD, 100/160mL RV
2141HC7 Shaft, FMD, 300mL FH
2141HC8 Shaft, FMD, 450mL FH
2141HC9 Shaft, FMD, 600mL FH
Thermowell*
A1453HC* Thermowell, specify reactor
volume & head style when
ordering
Impellers*
A2148HC Impeller with screw, for
2141HC series shafts
A837HC Impeller with screw, for
822HC series shafts
Gaskets & Seals
457HC2 Head Gasket, PTFE FG
457HC3KL Head Gasket,
Flexible Graphite FG
2341HCJV O-ring FKM OR
2341HCJK O-ring FFKM OR
48HC Gasket, silver; A1120HC
48HCFG Gasket, gold plated; A1120HC
2142HC Gasket, silver; A2140HC
Split Rings and Accessories
A455HC Split Ring Assembly
with bolts RVFG
454HC Compression Ring, Head RVFG
A456HC Drop Band RVFG
A2205HC Split Ring Assembly with
compression ring & bolts FHFG
232HCF Bolts, split ring
3/8-24 9/16” Hex FG
2195HC Split Ring, pair OR
372HC2 Wrench, 9/16”
External Fittings
Gages
593HCPD Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
1000 psi/bar
593HCPF Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
2000 psi/bar
593HCPG Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
3000 psi/bar
593HCP1AD Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
100 psi/bar
593HCP2AD Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
200 psi/bar
593HCP6AD Pressure gage, 3-1/2”,
600 psi/bar
** Not required for volumes less than 450mL
Internal Fittings
1261HC
A1260HC2_**
A837HC
A837HC
832HC_
A472E_ or
A1453HC_
822HC_*
or 2141HC*

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4560 Mini Bench Top Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Revision 6-28-02
79HW* Plug, 1/8” NPTM
A122VB Valve, straight 1/8” NPTM
A146VB Valve, angle 1/8” NPTM
420HC Adapter, 1/8” NPTF x "A" Socket
835HC Valve adapter tee
836HC Gage and valve adapter
A92HWAD Male Connector 1/8 NPTMx1/4T
(T316SS for top of cooling loop)
A92HW* Internal Connector, cooling loop*
217VB* Nut for A92HW* ¼” T
218VB* Ferrule for A92HW* ¼” T
366VBD Hex Coupling, 1/4 NPTF
288VBAD Male Connector, 3/8” T-1/4”
NPTM
A472E Thermocouple, Grounded
300mL Type J
A833HC Male connector, 1/8 NPT(M)
X 1/8T for thermocouple
A138CA Male Connector, 1/8NPT(M)
X 1/4T for thermowell
A472E2 Thermocouple, Grounded
450mL Type J
A472E3 Thermocouple, Grounded
600mL Type J
A472E4 Thermocouple, Grounded
100/160mL Type J
A490E Thermocouple, Dual, Grd, 7-1/2
A490E2 Thermocouple, Dual, Grd, 9-1/2
A490E3 Thermocouple, Dual, Grd, 11-1/2
49HC2* Orifice Cone
for rupture disc assembly
A2685HC Cooling Sleeve assembly
424HC2 Anti-Seize Lubricant
79HW* Plug,Hex Head 1/8” NPTM
A1120HC6* Magnetic Drive assembly
A2140HC* Footless Magnetic Drive
Mini Head External Fittings & Parts List
420HC
A888HC2
A92HWAD
A472E_
A122VB
A122VB
835HC A146VB
836HC
Gage Located Here