Micropack FDS301 User manual
FDS301
VISUAL FLAME
DETECTOR
SAFETY & TECHNICAL
MANUAL
Ref: 2200.5009
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p
ack.co.uk
HELP US TO HELP YOU
Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy in the contents of our documents; however,
Micropack (Engineering) Ltd can assume no responsibility for any errors or omissions in our
documents or their consequences.
Micropack (Engineering) Ltd would greatly appreciate being informed of any errors or omissions
that may be found in our documents. To this end we include a form, given in Appendix B, for you
to photocopy, complete and return to us so that we take the appropriate action. Thank you.
CONTENTS
TABLE
OF
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2016
1
Introduction 4
1.1 Features 4
1.2 Visual Flame Detection 4
2
Safety Instructions 5
2.1 Warnings 5
2.2 Cautions 5
2.3 VDS EN54 part 10 Limitations of use 6
2.4 Important Safety Notices 6
3
Installation 8
3.1 Detector Enclosure 8
3.2 Mounting & Orientation 9
3.3 Wiring Procedure 11
3.3.1 4-20mA Output 12
3.3.2 Relay Output 14
3.4 Installation Checklist 15
3.4.1 Mechanical 15
3.4.2 Electrical 16
4
System Design Guidelines 17
4.1 Earthing & Screening Requirements 17
4.2 Power Supply 17
4.3 RS485 Communications 17
4.4 HART Protocol 18
4.5 Cable Selection 18
4.5.1 DC Power 19
4.5.2 Video 20
4.5.3 RS485 Communication 20
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
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ack.co.uk
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
5 Application Guidelines 21
5.1 Positioning Requirements 21
5.2 Detection Coverage 22
5.3 Exposure to Flare Radiation 22
5.4 Optical Contamination 22
5.5 Enclosed Areas 23
5.6 Detector Sensitivity 23
6 Maintenance and Commissioning 24
6.1 Procedure 24
6.2 Functional Testing 26
7 Fault Finding 27
7.1 Removal of the Electronics 27
7.2 Replacement of the Electronics 27
7.3 Diagnostics 27
7.4 LED Indication 28
7.5 Power Fault 29
7.6 Live Video Images 29
8 Technical Specification 30
8.1 Electrical Specification 30
8.2 Mechanical Specification 31
8.3 Environmental Specification 31
8.4 Certification and Approvals 32
8.5 Operating Specification 32
Appendix A
Acronyms, Terms & Abbreviations 33
Appendix B
Help us to help you 34
Appendix C
IEC 61508 Failure Rate Data 35
Appendix D
FDS301 Field of View 36
1
Introduction
The Micropack Colour FDS301 is a combined flame detection and video surveillance
system utilising unique real time video based flame detection technology developed
by Micropack. The flame detection algorithms are capable of discriminating between
genuine fire conditions and other radiant sources.
1.1
Features
1.2
Visual Flame Detection
The detector operates ‘stand alone’ or can be integrated with an FM Approved control system.
Detectors are typically located throughout the installation in order to achieve specific detection
coverage and ensure that site performance requirements are met. Each detector is capable
of providing live video images and fire alarm/fault signalling to the control equipment. Each
detector incorporates within a single unit an imaging device, digital signal processing hardware,
and firmware algorithms to process live video images and recognise flame features.
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2015
Live Video
A live colour video image is available from
each detector; this allows information about
the protected area to be displayed on a
monitor in the control room, providing the
operator with a visual feedback of an event,
which can reduce response time.
Immunity & Discrimination
The detector is immune to common sources of
unwanted alarms such as hot work (e.g.
grinding and welding), Hot CO2 emissions
(such as turbine exhausts) and Flare Radiation.
Robust and Reliable
The detector has been designed to tolerate
extreme environmental conditions
experienced offshore or onshore.
Detection Coverage
The detector is sensitive to fires of
n-heptane 0.1m2 at up to 44m within
a 90° Horizontal field of view.
SIL Capability
The detector has been certified
IEC 61508 SIL 2.
Sensitivity
The sensitivity of the detector is preset
and no changes in sensitivity are required.
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2
Safet
y
Instructions
For the correct and effective use of this e
q
ui
p
ment, to maintain safet
y
and avoid hazards
it is essential that you read and understand these instructions fully, act accordingly
BEFORE installing, operating or maintaining the equipment.
2.1
Warnin
g
s
This equipment is certified and intended for use in potentially hazardous areas. Install and use
the equipment in accordance with the latest regulations.
For European (ATEX) installations IEC/EN60079-14 ‘Electrical Installations in Hazardous Areas’ and
IEC/EN 60079-17 ‘Inspection and Maintenance in Hazardous Areas’ should be strictly observed.
For installations in North America the National Electrical Code (NEC) should be strictly observed.
In other countries the appropriate local or national regulations should be observed.
The equipment must be properly earthed to protect against electrical shock and minimise
electrical interference.
Do not drill holes in any housing or enclosure as this will invalidate the explosion protection.
Ensure that the enclosure lid is fully tightened and locked into position before energising the
equipment.
Do not open the enclosure in the presence of an explosive atmosphere.
All permits and proper site procedure and practices must be followed and the equipment must
be isolated from the power supply before opening the enclosure in the field.
Operators must be properly trained and aware of what actions to take in the event of a fire being
detected.
Cable to be used for installation is to be selected with a temperature rating of greater than 25
degrees Celsius above the maximum ambient temperature.
The metric cable entries are fitted with an internal stop. This will result in threads of the cable
gland being visible. Do not over tighten.
2.2
Cautions
Use onl
y
a
pp
roved
p
arts
and accessories
with
this
e
q
ui
p
ment.
Do not attempt to replace the window as the glass and the front cover are individually matched
pairs to meet the stringent requirement of the Hazardous area certification.
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ack.co.uk
PAY ATTENTION TO ALL SAFETY WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
The threaded
p
ortions of the detector are flame
p
aths.
These threads and the flame
p
aths
around the window are not to be repaired.
To maintain safety standards, commissioning and regular maintenance should be performed b
y
qualified personnel.
2.3
VDS EN54
p
art 10 Limitations
of
use
The FDS301 is not a
pp
roved for use in Ox
yg
en-enriched
atmos
p
heres.
As the FDS301 responds to visible flame the FDS301 cannot be used in locations where flare
stacks are within its field of view without triggering alarms.
The FDS301 is unable to detect fires that are invisible to the naked e
y
e, such as those usin
g
p
ure
hydrogen, methanol and sulphur as fuel.
The sensitivity of the FDS301 is reduced by obscurants such as smoke, fog and other airborne
particulates. The FDS301 may be blinded by extremely dense obscurants.
Arc welding should not take place within 1 m of the FDS301.
The “optical fault” must be disabled for applications where there is no light present eg. Cellar or
Chimney stack.
2.4
Im
p
ortant Safet
y
Notices
Pa
y
attention to the
g
uidelines
g
iven throu
g
hout
this
document.
If in any doubt about the instructions listed within this manual then please contact Micropack
(En
g
ineerin
g
) Ltd. Micro
p
ack (En
g
ineerin
g
) Ltd takes no res
p
onsibilit
y
for installation and/or use
of its equipment if this it is not in accordance with the appropriate issue and/or amendment of
the manual. Micropack (Engineering) Ltd reserve the right to change or revise the information
contained herein without notice and without obligation to notify any person or organisation of
such action.
Onl
y
those
p
arameters and confi
g
urations
hi
g
hli
g
hted with the FM diamond (
tested and approved by Factory Mutual.
) have been
Warnin
g
Do not open the detector assembly in a hazardous area when power is applied. The detector
contains limited serviceable components and should never be opened except by trained
personnel.
Caution
The wiring procedures in this manual are intended to ensure functionality of the device under
normal conditions. Due to the many variations in wiring codes and regulations, total compliance
to these ordinances cannot be guaranteed. Be certain that all wiring complies with all local
ordinances. If in doubt, consult the authority having jurisdiction before wiring the system.
Installation must be done by trained personnel.
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FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
Caution
To prevent unwanted actuation or alarm, extinguishing devices must be inhibited/isolated prior
to performance testing or maintenance.
Caution
SIL 2 capability is only confirmed for 4-20mA output configuration of the FDS301 visual flame
detector.
INSTALLATION
Detector Orientation
Detectors should be mounted with the earth stud/status led directl
y
below the lens to ensure the
90° horizontal field of view is achieved (see section 3.2 and 5.2 of this document).
Detector Positionin
g
Detectors should be positioned to provide the best unobstructed view of the area to be
protected. (see section 5.2 of this document).
The followin
g
factors should also be taken
into
consideration:
•
Identify all high risk fire ignition sources. Ensure that enough detectors are used to
adequately cover the hazardous area.
Locate and position the detector so that the fire hazard(s) are within both the field of
view and detection range of the device.
For best performance, the detector should be mounted on a rigid surface in a low
vibration area. (see section 5.1 of this document).
Extremely dense fog or blizzard conditions could eventually block the vision of the
detector. (see section 5.4 of this document).
For indoor applications, if dense smoke is expected to accumulate at the onset of a fire,
mount the detector on a side wall (approximately 1 metre, 3 feet) down from the ceiling.
The FS301 flame simulator can be used to verify correct detector positioning and
coverage (see section 6.2 of this document).
The FDS301 has one sensitivity setting, this is factory set, and no changes can be made
to set-up except by fully trained Micropack engineers.
The detector carries out continuous internal hardware diagnostic testing to ensure
correct operation is relayed to the control system. It can also be set to indicate dirty
optics if this function is switched on. The detector should be subjected to a background
light level of at least 1 LUX in every 16 hour period for 1 hour.
The FDS301 is not designed to annunciate diagnostic failures of signal returns via
external wiring. Control systems and fire panels generally have fault monitoring for
such an eventuality.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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ack.co.uk
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
3
Installation
The FDS301 design has been developed to allow simple installation. The detector comprises
two key components, the detector enclosure and the detector internal assembly. The detector
assembly located in the front of the enclosure should not be removed except by trained
personnel. Unauthorised removal or disassembly of the detector assembly will invalidate the
warranty. Only the rear end cap can be removed for terminal access.
3.1
Detector Enclosure
The detector electronics are housed in an enclosure certified for use in a hazardous areas. For
the exact certification and conditions of use see certification label on the device, or the example
drawing below:
The enclosure com
p
rises
the front enclosure
cover
(includin
g
the
face
p
late window), the rear
enclosure cover, the enclosure body (with certification label), and the mounting bracket.
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2015
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
3.2
Mountin
g
&
Orientation
The mountin
g
bracket allows the detector’s
v
ertical
orientation
to
be
ad
j
usted from 0 to 45°,
and
allows a horizontal rotation of +/-45°.
Fi
g
ure 1: Detector Mountin
g
Bracket
&
Orientation
Status led must be
below the lens.
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ack.co.uk
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
Fi
g
ure 2: FDS301 Ceilin
g
Mount
Fi
g
ure 3: FDS301 Wall Mount
Firm, vibration free mountings are essential for trouble free operation of optical systems and the
detector should be fixed to a rigid mounting. When mounting on a wall in this orientation allow
for the cable gland and cable as this may restrict the downward rotation of the detector.
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FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
3.3
Wirin
g
Procedure
The wirin
g
terminals are
located in the rear
section
o
f
the
detector
enclosure and are accessible
by removal of the end cap.
The front section o
f
the enclosure should
onl
y
be
accessed b
y
trained
p
ersonnel.
The terminal schematic (fi
g
ure 4) detailed below shows the view lookin
g
inside the detector
following removal of the end cap. The terminals are shown numbered to the right of the drawing.
Fi
g
ure 4: Terminal Schematic
The detector has two t
yp
es o
f
alarm out
p
ut
available
simultaneousl
y
•
•
4-20m
A
(source)
Relay (Alarm & Fault)
Listed below are wirin
g
o
p
tions de
p
endant
on
the
functional
re
q
uirements o
f
the detector.
Note: Information below describes how to access RS485 communication b
y
reversin
g
the
polarity of the power when there is no dedicated RS485 pair. This operation will disable
the signal return to the control system whilst enabled. Care should be taken after using
this facility to return the detector to normal operation.
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ack.co.uk
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
3.31
4-20mA
Out
p
ut
The followin
g
wirin
g
connection dia
g
rams
show o
p
tions for wirin
g
the detector when confi
g
ured
in 4-20mA mode.
Fi
g
ure 5: 3 Pair Termination Fi
g
ure
6:
2
Pair
Termination
FDS301
Terminal
FDS301
Terminal
VideoOutput
Fi
g
ure 7: 3 Wire Termination
Fi
g
ure
8:
4
Pair
Termination
FDS301
Terminal
FDS301
Terminal
1
2
3
4
5
VideoOutput
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
*Tied to s
p
are terminal at
control
p
anel
to
allow
RS485
communication
with detector.
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RS485A
RS485B
Video+
Video
‐‐‐
24Vdc
0Vdc
TietoSpare
Signal
Signal
24Vdc
0Vdc
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Video+
Video
‐‐‐
24Vdc
0Vdc
TietoSpare*
Signal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
24Vdc
0Vdc
TietoSpare*
Signal
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Information for wirin
g
in the 4-20mA mode listed in fi
g
ures 5 to 8 on
p
revious
p
a
g
e:
3 Pair Termination: Fully functional detector with continuous video and 4-20mA alarm output.
Reversal of polarity across terminals 1 & 2 will enable Micropack RS485
communication.
2 Pair Termination: 4-20mA output only with reversal of polarity across terminals 1 & 2
enabling Micropack RS485 communication.
3 Wire Termination:
Retrofit a
pp
lication where onl
y
3 wires are available.
4 Pair Termination: Fully functional detector with continuous video, 4-20mA alarm output and
connected Micropack RS485 communication.
Micro
p
ac
k
RS485 communication should
onl
y
be
accessed
b
y
trained
p
ersonnel.
Table 1: Current Level Out
p
ut Indicators –
Default Factor
y
V
alues
with a tolerance of +/- 1mA
Alarm Rela
y
Fi
g
ure 9: 4 Pair Termination with rela
y
A further feature of the FDS301 flame detector
when configured in 4-20mA mode is that an
alarm relay is available if required. The alarm
relay contact closes on alarm and can be
employed by connecting to terminals 3 and 13 of
the device.
FDS301
Terminal
1
2
3
4
5
6
VideoOutput
RS 485
7
8
It is highly recommended to always connect
terminals 3 and 4 back to equipment room
marshalling cabinet with the use of a twisted pair
cable. This allow access to the RS485 from the
safe area.
9
10
11
12
13
14
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ack.co.uk
AlarmRelay
Video+
Video
‐‐‐
24Vdc
0Vdc
AlarmRela
y
Signal
Current Output Event
0mA Power/Detector Fault
2mA Optical Fault
5mA Healthy
18mA Alarm
21mA Over-range
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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3.32
Rela
y
Mode
The followin
g
wirin
g
connection dia
g
rams
show o
p
tions for wirin
g
the detector when confi
g
ured
in relay mode.
Fi
g
ure 10: 3 Pair Termination Fi
g
ure
11:
2
Pair
Termination
FDS301
Terminal
FDS301
Terminal
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
4
5
6
VideoOutput 6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
EOL
10
11
EOL
11
12
ALRM
12
13
ALRM
13
14
14
Fi
g
ure 12: 4 Pair Termination
FDS301
Terminal
1
2
3
4
5
6
VideoOutput
7
8
9
10
EOL
11
12
ALRM
13
14
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2015
RS485A
RS485B
Video+
Video
‐‐‐
24Vdc
0Vdc
Sense
ReturnSignal
24Vdc
0Vdc
Sense
ReturnSignal
Video+
Video
‐‐‐
24Vdc
0Vdc
Sense
ReturnSignal
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
Information for wirin
g
in the rela
y
mode listed in fi
g
ures 10 to 12 on
p
revious
p
a
g
e:
3 Pair Termination: Fully functional detector providing continuous video as well as alarm
and fault relays. Reversal of polarity across terminals 1 & 2 will enable
Micropack RS485 communication.
2 Pair Termination: Alarm and Fault relay only with reversal of polarity across terminals 1 & 2
enabling Micropack RS485 communication.
4 Pair Termination: Fully functional detector with continuous video, alarm and fault relays as
well as permanent Micropack RS485 communication connections.
Micro
p
ac
k
RS485 communication should
onl
y
be
accessed
b
y
trained
p
ersonnel.
EOL and Alarm resistor values defined b
y
the client and the control s
y
stem which the detectors
are being integrated into.
3.4
Installation Checklist
Experience has shown that poor installation and commissioning practice may result in an
unreliable fire detection system that is prone to malfunction and unwanted alarms, and at
the same time fails to meet the site performance targets. Before installing the detector it is
important to take into account where it is to be located and how it is to be mounted.
3.41
Mechanical
micro
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ack.co.uk
Notes
When locating the detector consideration should be given to maintenance access to the detector.
The detector mounting should be secure and vibration free.
It is advisable to check the detection locations, prior to fabrication of the mounting supports, as
changes are frequently made during construction at site which can affect detector coverage.
The installation should allow subsequent space for detector removal, for maintenance or repair,
to be easily achieved.
1
The detector should be fixed to a stable supporting structure using the mounting bracket
provided. The supporting structure must allow for horizontal adjustment of the detector
orientation. The support structure should be in place prior to detector installation. Information
on mounting is available from Micropack (Engineering) Limited.
2
The threaded flame path of the enclosure cover and body must be protected from damage
during installation. Any such damage can destroy the validity of the enclosure.
3
The detector electronics shall be protected from mechanical damage and external sources of
EMI such as X-rays, RFI and electrostatic discharge. The detector should not face directly towards
the sun.
4
Fit the mounting bracket to the support structure using 8mm bolts (not provided). The detector
(bracket) should be oriented to provide the desired coverage.
5
The detector enclosure body should be fitted to the mounting bracket. The bolts locate into the
bracket. Twist the enclosure to locate the bolts; these are then tightened using a 6mm Allen key.
6Ensure the detector is orientated such that the status led/earthing stud is directly beneath the lens.
7
Glanding should be carried out by trained personnel. The gland should be fitted in line with
installation standards for potentially explosive atmospheres that is 5 full threads minimum with
the IP seal washer fitted at the bottom of the thread This sealing arrangement will result in a
number of threads of the cable gland being visible. The gland should be torqued between 15 to
20 NM (11 to 15 lbf·ft).
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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3.42
Electrical
In order to maintain compliance with the EMC regulations it is essential the electrical installation
be engineered correctly.
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Notes
It is advisable to check the detection locations, prior to fabrication of the mounting supports, as
changes are frequently made during construction at site. Detector cabling must be segregated
from cables carrying high-speed data or high energy and/or high frequency signals and other
forms electrical interference. The detector requires a clear unobstructed view of the local hazard.
In order to avoid local obstructions, such as pipe-work and cable trays, a 2m helix should
be allowed in the detector cabling. The detector should only be fitted just prior to commissioning
the detector. Experience shows that the detector can be damaged due to cable testing
operations (Insulation Tests, etc)
1
Isolate all associated power supplies. Ensure that they remain OFF until required for
commissioning.
2
The threaded flame path of the enclosure cover and body must be protected from damage
during installation. Any such damage can destroy the validity of the enclosure.
3
The electronics subassembly shall be protected from mechanical damage and external sources
of EMI such as X-rays, RFI and electrostatic discharge.
4The enclosures external earth stud should be connected to a local earth point.
5Remove the blanking plug(s) from the enclosure body gland entries.
6Fit approved cable glands.
7
Prepare the cable tails. The cable screens should be cut back to the crotch at the detector and
insulated from contact with the enclosure or any other local earth. The twist in each pairs should
be maintained to within 1” (25mm) of the termination. Cable tails should be 8” (200mm) long.
8
Where plastic junction boxes are used the cable screens (shield) should be maintained to within
1” (25mm) of the termination and fully insulated.
9
Where unscreened cables are used for panel wiring, then all cables must be suitably twisted into
pairs and video cables should be segregated from other signal sources.
10
All cable screens (shield) should be connected to the local clean earth at the control panel. The
screens and twisted pairs should be maintained to within 1” (25.4mm) of the terminations.
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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4
S
y
stem Desi
g
n
Guidelines
The following guidelines are intended to assist with the electrical design and engineering of
systems where it is intended that flame detectors will be used.
4.1
Earthin
g
& Screenin
g
Re
q
uirements
It is important to ensure that the system is correctly connected to earth. Incorrect or poor
earthing can adversely affect system operation and may result in poor video image quality.
The detector enclosure is to be connected to a local earth and the detector cable screens (shields)
should be cut back to the crotch and not terminated within the detector. If the detector enclosure
cannot be connected to a local earth then care should be taken to ensure the cable armour braid
provides a suitable earth or that the enclosure earth stud (external) is separately connected to a
suitable earth point using a single core 4mm2 earth cable.
All detector cable screens should be connected to the local clean earth at the control panel. The
screens (and twisted pairs) should be maintained to within 1” (25.4mm) of the terminations at the
detector, within all junction boxes and at the control panel. Where unscreened cables are used
for panel wiring, then all cables must be suitably twisted into pairs and video cables should be
segregated from other signal sources.
4.2
Power Su
pp
l
y
The detector requires an absolute minimum supply voltage of 18V, as measured at the detector
terminals. The system power supply voltage and power distribution should be arranged such
that on the longest cable run the detector(s) has a supply voltage of greater than 18V.
4.3
RS485 Communications
RS485 communications can be accessed either directly via the detector specific terminals, or as
previously stated, via terminals A&B (3&4) whilst the power supply polarity is reversed. Using
Micro
p
ack Sim
p
le A
pp
s software, the RS485 channel can be used to view and/or modif
y
detector
firmware, version, configuration or download recorded alarm video from SD card. Contact
Micropack for Simple Apps software.
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ack.co.uk
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
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Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
Fi
g
ure
13:
FDS301 Information
Firmware
v
ersion
4.4
HART Protocol
Consult factor
y
for further information re
g
ardin
g
HAR
T
p
rotocol.
4.5
Cable Selection
Cable to be used for installation is to be selected with a temperature rating of greater than 25°
Celsius above the maximum ambient temperature.
The metric cable entries are fitted with an internal stop. This will result in threads of the cable
gland being visible. Do not over tighten.
The installation and local regulations and standards determine the overall cable specification.
This section specifies suitable cable characteristics to ensure correct operation of the flame
detector. There are several different wiring methods available, as detailed in 3.3.1 and 3.3.2 of
this manual.
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2015
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
18
Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
4.5.1
DC Power
NOTE: Table 2 shows absolute maximums for cable lengths; try not to approach these values.
Table 2: Maximum Cable
Len
g
ths (24V
su
pp
l
y
)
Table 3: AWG Conversions
The overall performance and the transmission distance depend on the selected twisted pair
cable. Individually screened twisted pairs offer better electrical immunity.
It is not necessary for the DC power cable to be a twisted pair or individually screened, a 2-core
stranded cable with an overall screen is sufficient. The minimum conductor size is determined by
the cable length, the number of Flame Detectors on each loop and the maximum allowed voltage
drop at the last detector.
To prevent RS485 and Video common mode problems this is limited to a maximum of four volts
(4V) on the negative supply (0V).
micro
p
ack.co.uk
Cross Sectional Area (mm2)
American Wire Gauge (AWG)
Typical Conductor Resistance per
km (3280 ft.) DC Ohms /km @
20°C (approximate)
0.5 22 36
118 19
1.5 16 12
2.5 14 7.6
Installation based
on 24V nominal
supply
Number of Flame
Detectors
Maximum Power
(W)
Maximum Cable
Length (m) with
1.5mm2 Conductors
(12Ω/km)
Maximum Cable
Length (m)with
2.5mm2 Conductors
(7.6Ω/km)
Detector 161,000 1,578
Detector & Heater 115 480 800
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
19
Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
4.5.2
Video
The video cabling should be a twisted pair stranded cable with an overall screen. Where multi-
core cables are used then individual screened twisted pairs are recommended. The cable should
have the following characteristics:
Table
4: Video (Twisted
Pair) Cable Characteristics
The maximum cable length is dependent on the cable manufacturer’s attenuation specification,
which is approximately proportional to conductor size.
This document is strictly private and confidential, reproduction without Micropack approval is prohibited. © Micropack Engineering Ltd, 2015
Cable
Characteristic
Characteristic
Impedance
Capacitance
Conductor
Resistance
Attenuation @
1MHz
Inductance
Nominal 150R 50nF/km - - - - - -
Absolute Limit 90R to 150R 100nF/km 150R 6dB 7mH/km
The characteristic impedance of a transmission line is a function of the physical dimensions of
the conductor and the permittivity of the dielectric (the insulation), at high frequencies this is
approximately equivalent to:
Zo
(
)
L
C
E
q
uation 1: Characteristic Im
p
edance
Calculation
For maximum performance the video output of the FDS301 is designed for differential twisted
pair operation. For single ended output a Micropack VTP4 or differential to single ended balun
should be used.
4.5.3
RS485 Communication
The RS485 communications cabling should be a twisted pair stranded cable with an overall
screen. Where multi-core cables are used then individual screened twisted pairs are
recommended. The cable should have the following characteristics:
Table
5:
RS485
Communications
Cable
Characteristics
The maximum cable length is dependent on the cable manufacturers’ attenuation specification,
which is approximately proportional to conductor size. The characteristic impedance of a
transmission line is the same as for the video above.
micro
p
ack.co.uk
Cable
Characteristic
Characteristic
Impedance
Capacitance
Conductor
Resistance
Attenuation @
1MHz
Inductance
Nominal 120R 50nF/km - - - - - -
Absolute Limit 90R to 120R 100nF/km 120R 6dB 7mH/km
L = Cable Inductance (mH)
C = Cable Capacitance (uF)
Zo = Characteristic Impedence (Ohms)
FDS301 Flame Detector FDS301 Safety and Technical Manual
20
Ref: 2200.5009 Rev: 2.3 ECN 4434
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