Milltronics PL-521 User manual

XPS/XCT Series Transducers
Technology based. Customer driven.
August 1998
Instruction Manual
PL-521
33455210
Rev 1.2

hank you for purchasing Milltronics products. We endeavour to design
equipment that is simple to use and reliable in its operation, with the aim
of satisfying our customers' needs.
Milltronics has been designing and manufacturing process equipment since
1954. Our fields of expertise include ultrasonic and capacitance level
measurement, in-line weighing of dry bulk solids and motion sensing.
Milltronics is established world wide through associate offices and
representatives. Our network is continually being refined to provide our
customers with first rate sales information, engineering assistance and after
sales support.
For more details on our products and service, please contact us and we will
provide you with a listing of the offices or representatives nearest you.
T

ABOUT THE TRANSDUCER
The Echomax XPS / XCT series of transducers
operates in association with Milltronics ultrasonic
level monitoring products.
The transducer converts the electrical energy of the
transmit pulse from the transceiver into acoustical
energy. It then converts the acoustical energy of
the echo back into electrical energy for the
transceiver receive period.
The effective acoustical energy is emitted from
the transducer face and radiated outward,
decreasing in amplitude at a rate inversely
proportional to the square of the distance.
Maximum power is radiated axially (perpendicular)
from the transducer face in a line referred to as
the axis of transmission. Where power is reduced
by half (– 3 dB), a conical boundary defining the
sound beam, centered about the axis of transmission,
is established. The diametric measurement of the
cone in degrees defines the beam angle. Impedance
matching techniques are used to optimize the transfer of
power from the transducer into air and vice versa.
The XPS / XCT transducers incorporate an integral temperature sensor that reports the air
temperature at the transducer to the transceiver. The connection is transparent, in that both
the ultrasonic and temperature components of the transducer use the same leads.
transducer
transducer face
– 3 db
boundary
axis of
transmission,
perpendicular to
transducer face
PL-521 3

SPECIFICATIONS
* approximate shipping weight of transducer with standard cable length
* * EMC performance available upon request
Kynar® is registered trade mark of ELF Atochem
1998/11/17
        
      
      
 !"#      
$%& ' ' ' ' ' '
()*+&
&+*+ *,++-+,++
&*, .*
/*0 +'1+' +'1+'
0+&&*+, 
1+*+
.0+ 2 3
+* 4567+$86+,*
+*+
-4567+$86+,*
+*+
4567+$86+,*
+*+
+0*+ 9+ /+,,+*%58:;:5,<:8,,
90+& = &+*+, + )*+
9/=*&,>=&++,*+
90&*&+*&,+*+*%58:;:5,<:8,,

>*>*,0*-/*,,,+*&=*&,,?
%@A6B1C!
>*>*,0*-/*,,
,+*&=*&,,?
%@A6B1C!
/&  8*&*+C!

A%-D+.


800& 8+ ,=&&+& /00&*,/ *&&+***,++&&
@*=E!&/ F    F 
80*+ +,
%00+)& 1(EE18%8:%-1(5(G%1
0&++&*&&+*+00+)&
CE **, CSA, FM, SIRA/CENELEC
PL-521 4

OUTLINE AND DIMENSIONS
radiating face
optional submergence shield
refer to associated instructions
optional bonded flange
refer to associated instructions
standard
optional split flange
refer to associated instructions
Model
Dimension XPS - 10 XPS - 15 XPS - 30 XPS - 40 XCT - 8 XCT - 12
A 86 mm (3.4") 119 mm (4.7") 173 mm (6.8") 206 mm (8.1") 86 mm (3.4") 119 mm (4.7")
B 122 mm (4.8") 132 mm (5.2") 198 mm (7.8") 229 mm (9.0") 122 mm (4.8") 132 mm (5.2")
C to suit ANSI, DIN and JIS standards
D* 128 mm (5.0") 138 mm (5.4") 204 mm (8.0") 235 mm (9.2") 128 mm (5.0") 138 mm (5.4")
E 124 mm (4.9") 158 mm (6.2") n / a n / a n / a n / a
F 152 mm (6.0") 198 mm (7.8") n / a n / a n / a n / a
* nominal
PL-521 5

MOUNTING
DO’S AND DON’TS
Mount the transducer so that it is above the maximum material level by at least the blanking
value
. Refer to the associated transceiver manual.
On liquid applications, the transducer must be mounted so that the axis of transmission is
perpendicular to the liquid surface.
On solids applications, a Milltronics Easy Aimer should be used to facilitate aiming of
the transducer.
Do not overtighten mounting . Hand tightening of the mounting hardware is sufficient.
Secure installation by connecting a safety chain from the transducer to a structural member.
Consider the optional
temperature sensor when mounting the transducer.
MOUNTING - SOLIDS APPLICATIONS
Easy Aimer
(typical model)
transducer
safety chain
PL-521 6

MOUNTING - LIQUID APPLICATIONS
Flexible Conduit Bracket
Submersible Plywood
rigid metal conduit
coupling
transducer
safety
chain
flexible
conduit
steel channel
coupling
safety
chain
submergence
shield
Flexible conduit mounted transducer should
not be subjected to wind, vibration or jarring.
Submersible transducer, used in
applications where flooding is possible. Plywood mounting provides excellent
isolation, but must be rigid enough to
avoid flexing if subjected to loading.
PL-521 7

MOUNTING - LIQUID APPLICATIONS (cont’d)
nipple welded to blind flange
customer flange, flat face only
factory flanged transducer
bolt
gasket
nut
coupling
Customer flanged standpipe. If a metal flange must be welded
to pipe, refer to Liquid \ Applications - Standpipes.
Flanged
Flange, gasket and hardware supplied by customer.
Refer to Liquid \ Applications - Standpipes.
coupling
Blind Flange
PL-521 8

INTERCONNECTION
Direct Connection
2 Wire Extension
Coaxial Extension
blk wht
drain / shield
Milltronics transceiver ( typical )
blk
drain / shield
wht
extend cable using 18 AWG shielded / twisted pair
extend cable using RG - 62 A/U coax for optimum noise immunity
junction box
PL-521 9

DO’S AND DON’TS
Installation shall only be performed by qualified personnel and
in accordance with local governing regulations.
Do not route cable openly.
For optimum isolation against electrical noise, run cable separately in a grounded
metal conduit.
Seal all thread connections to prevent ingress of moisture.
Do not run cable near high voltage or current runs, contactors and SCR control drives.
97/03/20
PL-521 10

APPLICATIONS
The transducer is to be used only in the manner outlined in this instruction manual.
The transducer requires no cleaning or maintenance.
LIQUID APPLICATIONS - STILLING WELL / OCM
blind flange
air vent
TS-3 *
transducer
standpipe
bracing
standpipe inlet
stilling well
primary element
stilling well inlet
Refer to Liquid \ Applications - Standpipes.
* the use of a TS-3 temperature sensor provides better temperature tracking
in applications where the temperature can change quickly.
PL-521 11

LIQUID APPLICATIONS - SUBMERGENCE
In applications where flooding is possible the transducer▼can be fitted with a submergence
shield. The shield acts as a bell to create an air pocket in front of the transducer face. The
associated transceiver▼interprets this as a flooding condition, and reacts accordingly.
Refer to transceiver manual for programming requirements.
transducer
submergence shield *
air pocket
*refer to associated instruction manual for assembly details.
▼on applicable models.
PL-521 12

LIQUID APPLICATIONS - STANDPIPES
In many applications access must be made via a standpipe. In such cases, Milltronics can
provide factory bonded flanged transducers or split flange kit that will readily mate to the
flanged standpipe. Another option is to hang the transducer from a blind flange.
The standpipe length should be as short and the diameter as large as possible. As a rule of
thumb, the -3 dB cone of the sound beam should not intersect the standpipe wall in
applications opening into a vessel or larger area. Otherwise, additional blanking will be
required to compensate for the interference zone created by the opening.
flanged
transducer
vessel
no additional blanking required
no
intersection
vessel
nipple welded into
blind flange
transducer
sound beam
intersects
no vessel
no additional blanking required
near blanking extension
of 150 mm (6") past end of
standpipe may be required.
reflection at
interference zone
created by opening
no additional blanking required
nipple welded into
a blind flange
transducer
transducer
can read
level inside
or below
standpipe
standpipe
end cut on a
45 °angle
typically
PL-521 13

LIQUID APPLICATIONS - VOLUME
1. Beam should not detect bin bottom. If this occurs use range extension parameters
(on transceivers where available) to omit false echoes. A 6° beam angle represents a
rise : run of about 20 : 1 (10 : 1 for 12°). In most tanks, the transducer should be
centered as much as possible (without interference from inlet) for optimum reading range.
2. Sound beam must be perpendicular to liquid surface.
If standpipe is used, refer to Liquid / Applications - Standpipes.
3. Echo has missed improperly leveled transducer.
4. When performing an empty or full calibration, the tank must contain its normal vapour and
be at its normal temperature.
tank manufacturer’s
empty level
discharge
Empty level for
‘alternate’ location.
Below this level, echo
would reflect away
from the transducer.
may require target to
obtain empty reading
rise
span : corresponds to
tank manufacturer’s
empty level.
beam
angle
tank
manufacturer’s
full level
Maintain full level
for full calibration.
Above this level
erroneous readings
will result as level
has entered
blanking zone.
(shaded area)
‘ Alternate ’ ‘ Preferred ’ ‘ Bad ’
PL-521 14

LIQUID APPLICATIONS - WATER / WASTEWATER
DIFFERENTIAL LEVEL
PUMP CONTROL SEWAGE LIFT
PL-521 15

SOLIDS APPLICATIONS - TYPICAL
3. Transducer too close to material
inlet. Falling material will intersect
sound beam and cause erroneous
readings or loss of echo.
1. Transducer angled to avoid
seams in bin wall and aimed at
discharge in order to read bin
when empty.
2. Avoid intersecting bin wall
seams, structural members and
wall irregularities. Otherwise,
5. On dual discharge bins, aim each
transducer at the discharge point.
4. On fluid like solids, aim
transducer perpendicular to
material surface.
Easy Aimer
bin wall seams
filling profile
emptying profile
transducer
minimal angle
of repose
discharge
1
2
3
4
5
PL-521 16

SOLIDS APPLICATIONS - SPECIAL
STORAGE BIN WITH AGITATOR
1. Transducer should be kept away from infeed.
2. Where agitators are in use, use the Agitator Discrimination parameter on
transceivers where available.
3. Transducer should be aimed away from wall projections.
DRYER - WOOD CHIPS
1. Transducer should be mounted perpendicular to slope of wood chips.
agitator
infeed
infeed
drag conveyor
typical low level typical high level
PL-521 17