NETGEAR FVG318 - ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall 8... User manual

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NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Reference Manual for the ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall FVG318

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© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance This is to certify that the FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).

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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg
243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte
(z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung. Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer It is hereby certified that the FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please
refer to the notes in the operating instructions. Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.

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iv Product and Publication Details
Model Number: FVG318 Publication Date: August 2005 Product Family: Router Product Name: FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall Home or Business Product: Business Language: English

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Contents
Chapter 1 About This Manual
Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2 How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3
Chapter 2 Introduction
Key Features of the Wireless VPN Firewall ....................................................................2-1
802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networking ..............................................................2-2 Wireless Multimedia (WMM) Support .......................................................................2-2 A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................2-2 Security ....................................................................................................................2-3 Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................2-3 Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................2-4 Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-4 Maintenance and Support ........................................................................................2-5
Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-6
The FVG318 Front Panel .........................................................................................2-7 The FVG318 Rear Panel ..........................................................................................2-8
NETGEAR-Related Products .........................................................................................2-9 NETGEAR Product Registration, Support, and Documentation .....................................2-9
Chapter 3 Connecting the Firewall to the Internet
Prepare to Install Your FVG318 ......................................................................................3-1 First, Connect the FVG318 .............................................................................................3-1 Now, Configure the FVG318 for Internet Access and Wireless Connectivity .................3-3 Troubleshooting Tips ......................................................................................................3-4
Be sure to restart your network in the correct sequence. .................................3-4 Make sure the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in. ...................................3-4

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Make sure the computer & router wireless settings match exactly. ..................3-5 Make sure the network settings of the computer are correct. ...........................3-5 Check the router status lights to verify correct router operation. ......................3-5
Overview of How to Access the FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall ...................................3-6
How to Log On to the FVG318 After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied ..............................................................3-7 How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant .............................................................3-8
Using the Smart Setup Wizard .......................................................................................3-9 How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection ..................................................3-10
Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration
Observing Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines .........................................4-1 Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security ..................................................................4-2 Understanding Wireless Settings ...................................................................................4-3
Default Factory Settings ...........................................................................................4-6 Before You Change the SSID and WEP Settings ....................................................4-7 How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity ..............................................4-8 How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address .................................................4-9 How to Configure WEP ..........................................................................................4-10 How to Configure WPA with Radius .......................................................................4-12 How to Configure WPA2 with Radius .....................................................................4-14 How to Configure WPA and WPA2 with Radius .....................................................4-16 How to Configure WPA-PSK ..................................................................................4-18
How to Configure WPA2-PSK ................................................................................4-20 How to Configure WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK ........................................................4-21
Chapter 5 Firewall Protection and Content Filtering
Firewall Protection and Content Filtering Overview ........................................................5-1 Block Sites ......................................................................................................................5-2 Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic ..................................................5-3
Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding) .............................................................................5-5
Inbound Rule Example: A Local Public Web Server ..........................................5-5 Inbound Rule Example: Allowing a Videoconference from Restricted Addresses 5-6 Considerations for Inbound Rules .....................................................................5-6
Outbound Rules (Service Blocking) .........................................................................5-7

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Outbound Rule Example: Blocking Instant Messenger .....................................5-7
Order of Precedence for Rules ................................................................................5-8 Default DMZ Server .................................................................................................5-8 Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ...................................................................5-9
Services ........................................................................................................................5-10 Using a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic ......................................................5-12
Time Zone ..............................................................................................................5-13
Getting E-Mail Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts ..................................................5-14 Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access .............................................5-16
Syslog ....................................................................................................................5-17
Chapter 6 Basic Virtual Private Networking
Overview of VPN Configuration ......................................................................................6-2
Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnels ..............................................................................6-2 Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Tunnels .........................................................................6-2
Planning a VPN ..............................................................................................................6-3 VPN Tunnel Configuration ..............................................................................................6-5 How to Set Up a Client-to-Gateway VPN Configuration .................................................6-5
Step 1: Configuring the Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel on the FVG318 .................6-6 Step 2: Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC ...........6-9 Monitoring the Progress and Status of the VPN Client Connection .......................6-16 Transferring a Security Policy to Another Client ....................................................6-18
Exporting a Security Policy ..............................................................................6-18 Importing a Security Policy ..............................................................................6-19
How to Set Up a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Configuration ..........................................6-20
Procedure to Configure a Gateway-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel ................................6-21
VPN Tunnel Control ......................................................................................................6-26
Activating a VPN Tunnel ........................................................................................6-26
Start Using a VPN Tunnel to Activate It ...........................................................6-26 Using the VPN Status Page to Activate a VPN Tunnel ....................................6-26 Activate the VPN Tunnel by Pinging the Remote Endpoint .............................6-27
Verifying the Status of a VPN Tunnel .....................................................................6-29 Deactivating a VPN Tunnel ....................................................................................6-30
Using the Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel 6-30 Using the VPN Status Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel ...............................6-31

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Deleting a VPN Tunnel ...........................................................................................6-32
Chapter 7 Advanced Virtual Private Networking
Overview of FVG318 Policy-Based VPN Configuration .................................................7-1
Using Policies to Manage VPN Traffic .....................................................................7-2 Using Automatic Key Management ..........................................................................7-2 IKE Policies’ Automatic Key and Authentication Management ................................7-3 VPN Policy Configuration for Auto Key Negotiation .................................................7-5 VPN Policy Configuration for Manual Key Exchange ...............................................7-9
Using Digital Certificates for IKE Auto-Policy Authentication .......................................7-13
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) ...........................................................................7-14
Walk-Through of Configuration Scenarios on the FVG318 ..........................................7-14
VPN Consortium Scenario 1: Gateway-to-Gateway with Preshared Secrets .......................................................7-15 FVG318 Scenario 1: FVG318 to Gateway B IKE and VPN Policies ......................7-16 How to Check VPN Connections ...........................................................................7-21
Testing the Gateway A FVG318 LAN and the Gateway B LAN .......................7-21
FVG318 Scenario 2: FVG318 to FVG318 with RSA Certificates ...........................7-22
Chapter 8 Maintenance
Viewing Wireless VPN Firewall Status Information .........................................................8-1 Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................8-5 Upgrading the Firewall Software ....................................................................................8-5 Configuration File Management .....................................................................................8-7
Backing Up the Configuration ..................................................................................8-7 Restoring the Configuration .....................................................................................8-7 Erasing the Configuration .........................................................................................8-8
Changing the Administrator Password ...........................................................................8-8
Chapter 9 Advanced Configuration
How to Configure Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................9-1 Using the LAN IP Setup Options ....................................................................................9-2
Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ............................................................9-3 Using the Firewall as a DHCP server .......................................................................9-4 Using Address Reservation ......................................................................................9-5
Configuring Static Routes ...............................................................................................9-5

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Static Route Example ...............................................................................................9-7
Enabling Remote Management Access .........................................................................9-7
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting
Basic Functioning .........................................................................................................10-1
Power LED Not On .................................................................................................10-1 LEDs Never Turn Off ..............................................................................................10-2 LAN or Internet Port LEDs Not On .........................................................................10-2
Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ........................................................10-3 Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ............................................................................10-4 Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility ...............................................10-5
Testing the LAN Path to Your Firewall ....................................................................10-5 Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ..............................................10-6
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ......................................................10-7 Problems with Date and Time .......................................................................................10-7
Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B VPN Configuration of NETGEAR FVS318v3
Case Study Overview .................................................................................................... B-1
Gathering the Network Information ......................................................................... B-1 Configuring the Gateways ....................................................................................... B-2 Activating the VPN Tunnel ...................................................................................... B-5
The FVG318-to-FVG318 Case ...................................................................................... B-6
Configuring the VPN Tunnel ................................................................................... B-6 Viewing and Editing the VPN Parameters ............................................................... B-9 Initiating and Checking the VPN Connections .......................................................B-11
The FVG318-to-FVS318v2 Case ................................................................................ B-13
Configuring the VPN Tunnel ................................................................................. B-13 Viewing and Editing the VPN Parameters ............................................................. B-16 Initiating and Checking the VPN Connections ...................................................... B-18
The FVG318-to-FVL328 Case ..................................................................................... B-20
Configuring the VPN Tunnel ................................................................................. B-20 Viewing and Editing the VPN Parameters ............................................................. B-23 Initiating and Checking the VPN Connections ...................................................... B-25

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The FVG318-to-VPN Client Case ................................................................................ B-27
Client-to-Gateway VPN Tunnel Overview ............................................................. B-27 Configuring the VPN Tunnel ................................................................................. B-28 Initiating and Checking the VPN Connections ...................................................... B-36

About This Manual 1-1
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Chapter 1
About This Manual
This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual. Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the NETGEAR Web site. This guide uses the following typographical conventions: This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages: This manual is written for the FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall according to these specifications.: Table 1-1. Typographical Conventions
italics Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names bold User input fixed Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Table 1-2. Manual Scope
Product Version FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall Manual Publication Date August 2005
Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/FVG318.asp.

Reference Manual for the ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall FVG318 1-2 About This Manual
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall FVG318
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Introduction 2-1
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Chapter 2
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall. Key Features of the Wireless VPN Firewall The FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall with eight-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem and provides 802.11b/g wireless LAN connectivity. The FVG318 is a complete security solution that protects your network from attacks and intrusions. Unlike simple Internet sharing firewalls that rely on Network Address Translation (NAT) for security, the FVG318 uses stateful packet inspection for Denial of Service attack (DoS) protection and intrusion detection. The FVG318 allows Internet access for up to 253 users. The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts — both via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Web site addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers. In addition to NAT, the built-in firewall protects you from hackers. With minimum setup, you can install and use the firewall within minutes. The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall provides the following features: • 802.11g and 802.11b standards-based wireless networking. • Wireless Multimedia (WMM) support. • Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management. • Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity. • Content filtering and site blocking security. • Built-in eight-port 10/100 Mbps switch. • Ethernet connection to a WAN device, such as a cable modem or DSL modem. • Extensive protocol support. • Flash memory for firmware upgrade.

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802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networking The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall includes an 802.11g-compliant wireless access point. The access point provides: • 802.11b standards-based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps. • 802.11g wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps, which conforms to the 802.11g standard. • WPA and WPA2 enterprise class strong security with RADIUS and certificate authentication
as well as dynamic encryption key generation.
• WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK pre-shared key authentication without the overhead of RADIUS
servers but with all of the strong security of WPA and WPA2.
• 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption security. • WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase. • Wireless access can be restricted by MAC Address. • Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network
name (SSID) can connect.
Wireless Multimedia (WMM) Support WMM is a subset of the 802.11e standard. WMM allows wireless traffic to have a range of priorities, depending on the kind of data. Time-dependent information such as video or audio will have a higher priority than normal traffic. For WMM to function correctly, wireless clients must also support WMM. A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT firewalls, the FVG318 is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include: • DoS protection.
Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack, and IP Spoofing.
• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN. • Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits. • Logs security incidents.

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The FVG318 logs security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks, and administrator logins. You can configure the firewall to email the log to you at specified intervals. You can also configure the firewall to send immediate alert messages to your e-mail address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs.
• With its content filtering feature, the FVG318 prevents objectionable content from reaching
your PCs. The firewall allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the firewall to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites.
Security The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section. • PCs Hidden by NAT
NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.
• Port Forwarding with NAT
Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the firewall allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number of the incoming request, or to one designated “DNS” host computer. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.
Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink With its internal eight-port 10/100 switch, the FVG318 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation. The firewall incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology. Each Ethernet port automatically senses
whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a PC or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub. That port then configures itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

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Extensive Protocol Support The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, refer to
Appendix B, “Network, Routing, and Firewall Basics.” • IP Address Sharing by NAT
The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account.
• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP
The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and Domain Name Server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network.
• DNS Proxy
When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the firewall provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The firewall obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.
• Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)
PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such
as Entersys or WinPOET on your PC.
Easy Installation and Management You can install, configure, and operate the FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall within minutes after connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks: • Browser-based management
Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your firewall from almost any type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface.
• Smart Wizard
The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account.

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• Diagnostic functions
The firewall incorporates built-in diagnostic functions such as Ping, DNS lookup, and remote reboot.
• Remote management
The firewall allows you to login to the Web Management Interface from a remote location on the Internet. For security, you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP address or range of addresses, and you can choose a nonstandard port number.
• Visual monitoring
The FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.
Maintenance and Support NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the FVG318 Wireless VPN Firewall: • Flash memory for firmware upgrade. • Free technical support seven days a week, 24 hours a day.
Note: The FVS318v3 firmware is not backward compatible with earlier versions of the
FVS318 firewall.

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Package Contents The product package should contain the following items: • FVG318 ProSafe 802.11g Wireless VPN Firewall. •ACpoweradapter. • Category 5 (Cat 5) Ethernet cable. • Installation Guide. •Resource CD, including:
— This guide. — Application Notes and other helpful information.
• Registration and Warranty Card. If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the firewall for repair.