NETGEAR FWG114P - ProSafe 802.11g Wireless Firewall User manual

March 2004, 202-10027-01
202-10027-01
Version 2.0
March 2004
NETGEAR, Inc.
4500 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Reference Manual for the
ProSafeWireless802.11g
Firewall/Print Server
Model FWG114P

~
~ 2004 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
,Trademarks
NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions .
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability,NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice ...
..., This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a ClassB digital device, pursuant to
part 15of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installedand
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, thereis no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. Ifthis equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged totry
to correct the interference by one Ol)omoreof the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution
1. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement: The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth
for an un.controlled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of20
centimeters between the radiator and your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user authority to operate the equipment.
2.
3.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance
This is to certify that the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114Pis shielded against the
generation ofradio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a.
Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55022 Class B (CISPR 22).
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
ii
March 2004,202-10027-01
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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P gemäß der im
BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben
einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die
Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt
gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P has been suppressed
in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some
equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain
restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.
Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market
and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area
thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.
When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
Read instructions for correct handling.

March 2004, 202-10027-01
iv

Contents v
March 2004, 202-10027-01
Contents
Chapter 1
About This Manual
Audience, Conventions, Scope ......................................................................................1-1
How to Use this Manual ..................................................................................................1-2
How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3
Chapter 2
Introduction
Key Features of the FWG114P .......................................................................................2-1
Full Routing on Both the Broadband and Serial Ports .............................................2-2
802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networking ..............................................................2-2
Virtual Private Networking ........................................................................................2-3
A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................2-3
Security ....................................................................................................................2-4
Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................2-4
Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................2-4
Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-5
Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-6
The FWG114P Front Panel ......................................................................................2-7
The FWG114P Rear Panel ......................................................................................2-8
Chapter 3
Connecting the FWG114P to the Internet
What You Will Need Before You Begin ...........................................................................3-1
Cabling and Computer Hardware Requirements .....................................................3-1
Computer Network Configuration Requirements .....................................................3-1
Internet Configuration Requirements .......................................................................3-2
Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? .........................................3-2
Record Your Internet Connection Information ..........................................................3-3
Connecting the FWG114P Wireless Firewall/Print Server ..............................................3-4
Verify That Basic Requirements Are Met .................................................................3-4

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vi Contents
Basic Setup Troubleshooting Tips ..................................................................................3-9
FWG114P Setup Wizard Auto Detection ........................................................................3-9
Wizard-Detected Login Account Setup ..................................................................3-10
Wizard-Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup .........................................................3-12
Wizard-Detected Fixed IP Account Setup ..............................................................3-13
How to Configure the Serial Port as the Primary Internet Connection .........................3-14
Testing Your Internet Connection ..................................................................................3-16
Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection ...........................................................3-17
How to Manually Configure the Primary Internet Connection ................................3-18
Chapter 4
Wireless Configuration
Observing Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines .........................................4-1
Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security ..................................................................4-2
Understanding Wireless Settings ...................................................................................4-3
Default Factory Settings ...........................................................................................4-7
Before You Change the SSID and WEP Settings ....................................................4-8
How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity ..............................................4-9
How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address ...............................................4-10
How to Configure WEP ..........................................................................................4-11
How to Configure WPA ..........................................................................................4-12
How to Configure WPA-PSK ..................................................................................4-13
Chapter 5
Serial Port Configuration
Configuring a Serial Port Modem ...................................................................................5-2
Basic Requirements for Serial Port Modem Configuration .......................................5-2
How to Configure a Serial Port Modem ....................................................................5-2
Configuring Auto-Rollover ..............................................................................................5-3
Basic Requirements for Auto-Rollover .....................................................................5-3
How to Configure Auto-Rollover ...............................................................................5-3
Configuring Dial-in on the Serial Port .............................................................................5-4
Basic Requirements for Dial-in .................................................................................5-5
How to Configure Dial-in ..........................................................................................5-5
Configuring LAN-to-LAN Settings ...................................................................................5-6
Basic Requirements for LAN-to-LAN Connections ..................................................5-6
How to Configure LAN-to-LAN Connections ............................................................5-6

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Chapter 6
Firewall Protection and
Content Filtering
Firewall Protection and Content Filtering Overview ........................................................6-1
Using the Block Sites Menu to Screen Content ..............................................................6-1
Services and Rules Regulate Inbound and Outbound Traffic .........................................6-3
Defining a Service ....................................................................................................6-3
Using Inbound/Outbound Rules to Block or Allow Services .....................................6-4
Examples of Using Services and Rules to Regulate Traffic ...........................................6-6
Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding) .............................................................................6-6
Example: Port Forwarding to a Local Public Web Server ..................................6-7
Example: Port Forwarding for Videoconferencing .............................................6-8
Example: Port Forwarding for VPN Tunnels when NAT is Off ...........................6-8
Outbound Rules (Service Blocking or Port Filtering) ................................................6-9
Outbound Rule Example: Blocking Instant Messaging ....................................6-10
Other Rules Considerations .........................................................................................6-10
Order of Precedence for Rules ..............................................................................6-11
Rules Menu Options ...............................................................................................6-11
Using a Schedule to Block or Allow Content or Traffic .................................................6-12
Setting the Time Zone ............................................................................................6-13
Getting E-Mail Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts ..................................................6-13
Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access .............................................6-16
What to Include in the Event Log ...........................................................................6-17
Chapter 7
Print Server
Printing Options ..............................................................................................................7-1
For Windows XP and 2000, Use TCP/IP LPR Printing ...................................................7-2
For Windows 95/98/Me, Use the Netgear Printer Port Driver .........................................7-5
Printing from the Macintosh ............................................................................................7-8
Windows Printer Port Management ................................................................................7-9
Troubleshooting the Print Server ..................................................................................7-11
Chapter 8
Virtual Private Networking
Overview of FWG114P Policy-Based VPN Configuration ..............................................8-1
Using Policies to Manage VPN Traffic .....................................................................8-2
Using Automatic Key Management ..........................................................................8-2

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IKE Policies’ Automatic Key and Authentication Management ................................8-3
VPN Policy Configuration for Auto Key Negotiation .................................................8-6
VPN Policy Configuration for Manual Key Exchange ...............................................8-9
Using Digital Certificates for IKE Auto-Policy Authentication .......................................8-14
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) ...........................................................................8-14
Walk-Through of Configuration Scenarios on the FWG114P .......................................8-15
How to Use the VPN Wizard to Configure a VPN Tunnel .............................................8-15
VPNC Scenario 1: Gateway to Gateway with Preshared Secrets .........................8-19
Scenario 1: FWG114P to FWG114P with Preshared Secrets ................................8-20
How to Check VPN Connections ...........................................................................8-24
VPNC Scenario 2: Gateway-to-Gateway with Certificates .....................................8-25
Scenario 2: FWG114P to FWG114P with Certificates ...........................................8-26
Netgear VPN Client to FWG114P .................................................................................8-32
Configuration Profile ...............................................................................................8-32
Step-By-Step Configuration of FWG114P Gateway .....................................................8-33
Step-By-Step Configuration of the Netgear VPN Client ...............................................8-38
Testing the VPN Connection .........................................................................................8-45
From the Client PC to the FWG114P .....................................................................8-45
From the FWG114P to the Client PC .....................................................................8-46
Monitoring the PC VPN Connection .............................................................................8-46
Viewing the FWG114P VPN Status and Log Information .............................................8-47
Chapter 9
Maintenance
Viewing Wireless Firewall/Print Server Status Information .............................................9-1
Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................9-5
Upgrading the Router Software ......................................................................................9-6
Configuration File Management .....................................................................................9-6
Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration ...........................................................9-7
Erasing the Configuration .........................................................................................9-8
Changing the Administrator Password ...........................................................................9-8
Chapter 10
Advanced Configuration
Using the WAN Setup Options .....................................................................................10-1
How to Configure Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................10-3
Using the LAN IP Setup Options ..................................................................................10-5

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March 2004, 202-10027-01
Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ..........................................................10-5
Using the Router as a DHCP server ......................................................................10-7
Using Address Reservation ....................................................................................10-7
Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................10-8
Enabling Remote Management Access .....................................................................10-10
Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) ......................................................................10-11
Advanced Wireless Settings .......................................................................................10-12
Chapter 11
Troubleshooting
Basic Functioning .........................................................................................................11-1
Power LED Not On .................................................................................................11-1
LEDs Never Turn Off ..............................................................................................11-2
LAN or Internet Port LEDs Not On .........................................................................11-2
Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ........................................................11-3
Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ............................................................................11-4
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility ...............................................11-5
Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .....................................................................11-5
Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device ...................................11-6
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ......................................................11-7
Problems with Date and Time .......................................................................................11-7
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Appendix B
Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics
Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1
Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1
What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-1
Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2
IP Addresses and the Internet ................................................................................. B-2
Netmask .................................................................................................................. B-4
Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-4
Private IP Addresses ............................................................................................... B-7
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-7
MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9
Related Documents ................................................................................................. B-9

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Domain Name Server .............................................................................................. B-9
IP Configuration by DHCP .................................................................................... B-10
Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10
What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11
Stateful Packet Inspection ......................................................................................B-11
Denial of Service Attack .........................................................................................B-11
Ethernet Cabling ...........................................................................................................B-11
Category 5 Cable Quality ...................................................................................... B-12
Inside Twisted Pair Cables .................................................................................... B-13
Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-14
Appendix C
Preparing Your Network
Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking .......................................................C-1
Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking .......................................C-2
Install or Verify Windows Networking Components .................................................C-2
Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings .................................C-4
Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method ....................................................C-4
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................................C-5
Configuring Windows NT, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ...............................................C-5
Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components .......................................C-5
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................................C-6
Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ........................................................C-6
MacOS 8.6 or 9.x ....................................................................................................C-6
MacOS X .................................................................................................................C-7
Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers ...........................................C-8
Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account .........................................................C-9
Are Login Protocols Used? .....................................................................................C-9
What Is Your Configuration Information? ................................................................C-9
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers .......................C-10
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers ..................... C-11
Restarting the Network ................................................................................................C-12
Appendix D
Firewall Log Formats
Action List ......................................................................................................................D-1
Field List ........................................................................................................................D-1

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Outbound Log ................................................................................................................D-1
Inbound Log ...................................................................................................................D-2
Other IP Traffic ..............................................................................................................D-2
Router Operation ...........................................................................................................D-3
Other Connections and Traffic to this Router ................................................................D-4
DoS Attack/Scan ...........................................................................................................D-4
Access Block Site ..........................................................................................................D-6
All Web Sites and News Groups Visited ........................................................................D-6
System Admin Sessions ................................................................................................D-6
Policy Administration LOG .............................................................................................D-7
Appendix E
Wireless Networking Basics
Wireless Networking Overview ...................................................................................... E-1
Infrastructure Mode ................................................................................................. E-1
Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) ................................................................ E-2
Network Name: Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) ................................ E-2
Authentication and WEP Data Encryption ..................................................................... E-2
802.11 Authentication .............................................................................................. E-3
Open System Authentication ................................................................................... E-3
Shared Key Authentication ...................................................................................... E-4
Overview of WEP Parameters ................................................................................ E-5
Key Size .................................................................................................................. E-6
WEP Configuration Options .................................................................................... E-7
Wireless Channels ......................................................................................................... E-7
WPA Wireless Security .................................................................................................. E-8
How Does WPA Compare to WEP? ........................................................................ E-9
How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802.11i? ........................................................ E-10
What are the Key Features of WPA Security? ...................................................... E-10
WPA Authentication: Enterprise-level User
Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS .................................................. E-12
WPA Data Encryption Key Management ........................................................ E-14
Is WPA Perfect? .................................................................................................... E-16
Product Support for WPA ...................................................................................... E-16
Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients is Discouraged ...... E-16
Changes to Wireless Access Points ............................................................... E-17
Changes to Wireless Network Adapters ......................................................... E-17

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xii Contents
Changes to Wireless Client Programs ............................................................ E-18
Appendix F
Virtual Private Networking
What is a VPN? ..............................................................................................................F-1
What is IPSec and How Does It Work? ..........................................................................F-2
IPSec Security Features ..........................................................................................F-2
IPSec Components ..................................................................................................F-2
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) ....................................................................F-3
Authentication Header (AH) .....................................................................................F-4
IKE Security Association ..........................................................................................F-4
Mode ..................................................................................................................F-5
Key Management .....................................................................................................F-6
Understand the Process Before You Begin ....................................................................F-6
VPN Process Overview ..................................................................................................F-7
Network Interfaces and Addresses ..........................................................................F-7
Interface Addressing ..........................................................................................F-7
Firewalls ............................................................................................................F-8
Setting Up a VPN Tunnel Between Gateways .........................................................F-8
VPNC IKE Security Parameters ...................................................................................F-10
VPNC IKE Phase I Parameters ..............................................................................F-10
VPNC IKE Phase II Parameters .............................................................................F-11
Testing and Troubleshooting .........................................................................................F-11
Additional Reading .......................................................................................................F-11
Appendix G
NETGEAR VPN Configuration
FVS318 or FVM318 to FWG114P
Configuration Template ..................................................................................................G-1
Step-By-Step Configuration of FVS318 or FVM318 Gateway A ....................................G-2
Step-By-Step Configuration of FWG114P Gateway B ...................................................G-5
Test the VPN Connection ..............................................................................................G-9
Appendix H
NETGEAR VPN Configuration
FVS318 or FVM318 with FQDN to FVS328
Configuration Template ..................................................................................................H-1
Using DDNS and Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN) .....................................H-2
Step-By-Step Configuration of FVS318 or FVM318 Gateway A ....................................H-3

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Step-By-Step Configuration of FVS328 Gateway B .......................................................H-7
Test the VPN Connection ............................................................................................ H-11
Glossary
List of Glossary Terms ...................................................................................................G-1
Index

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xiv Contents

About This Manual 1-1
March 2004, 202-10027-01
Chapter 1
About This Manual
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR®ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print
Server Model FWG114P. This chapter introduces important features of this manual.
Audience, Conventions, Scope
This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic-to-intermediate computer and Internet
skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and networking technology tutorial
information is provided in the appendices.
This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
This manual is written according to these specifications.
Table 1. Typographical conventions
italics Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names
bold times roman User input
courier font Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Table 1-1. Manual Specifications
Product Version ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P v2
Firmware Version Version 2 Release 06
Manual Veraion and Publication Date Manual Version 2.0, March 2004
Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at
http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/FWG114P.asp.

Reference Manual for the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P
1-2 About This Manual
March 2004, 202-10027-01
How to Use this Manual
The HTML version of this manual includes a variety of navigation features as well as links to PDF
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Figure Preface -2: HTML version of this manual
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12
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P
About This Manual 1-3
March 2004, 202-10027-01
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Reference Manual for the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P
1-4 About This Manual
March 2004, 202-10027-01

Introduction 2-1
March 2004, 202-10027-01
Chapter 2
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print
Server Model FWG114P.
Key Features of the FWG114P
The ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P, with a 4-port switch,
connects your LAN to the Internet through a broadband modem. With auto fail-over connectivity
through the serial port, the FWG114P provides highly reliable Internet access.
The FWG114P is a complete security solution that protects your network from attacks and
intrusions and enables secure communications using Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Unlike
simple Internet sharing routers that rely on Network Address Translation (NAT) for security, the
FWG114P uses Stateful Packet Inspection for Denial of Service attack (DoS) attack protection and
intrusion detection. The FWG114P allows Internet access for up to 253 users. It provides multiple
Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail.
Parents or network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day,
Web site addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for up
to 253 personal computers.
With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes. The FWG114P Wireless
Firewall/Print Server provides the following features:
• 802.11g and 802.11b standards-based wireless networking.
• Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management.
• Supports two VPN tunnels, Content Filtering, and Site Blocking Security.
• Built-in 4-port 10/100 Mbps Switch and USB 2.0 Printer Port.
• Ethernet and Serial ports for connection to a WAN device, such as a broadband modem.
• Extensive Protocol Support.
• Login capability.
• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity.
• Flash memory for firmware upgrade.
• NAT off (classical routing).

Reference Manual for the ProSafe Wireless 802.11g Firewall/Print Server Model FWG114P
2-2 Introduction
March 2004, 202-10027-01
Full Routing on Both the Broadband and Serial Ports
You can install, configure, and operate the FWG114P to take full advantage of a variety of routing
options on both the serial and broadband WAN ports, including:
• Internet access via either the serial or broadband port.
• Auto fail-over connectivity through an analog or ISDN modem connected to the serial port.
If the broadband Internet connection fails, after waiting for an amount of time you specify, the
FWG114P can automatically establish a backup ISDN or dial-up Internet connection via the
serial port on the firewall.
• Remote Access Server (RAS) that allows you to log in remotely through the serial port to
access a server on your LAN, other LAN resources, or the Internet, based on a user name and
password you define.
• LAN-to-LAN access between two FWG114P wireless firewall/print servers through the serial
port, with the option of enabling auto-failover Internet access across the serial LAN-to-LAN
connection.
802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Networking
The FWG114P Wireless Firewall/Print Server includes an 802.11g-compliant wireless access
point. The access point provides:
• 802.11b standards-based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps.
• 802.11g wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps, which conforms to the 802.11g standard.
• WPA enterprise class strong security with RADIUS and certificate authentication as well as
dynamic encryption key generation.
• WPA-PSK pre-shared key authentication without the overhead of RADIUS servers but with
all of the strong security of WPA.
• 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption security.
• WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase.
• Wireless access can be restricted by MAC Address.
• Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network
name (SSID) can connect.