Netopia Router PN Series User manual

Netopia

Router
ReferenceGuide

Copyright
Copyright © 1998 Netopia, Inc. v.298
All rights reserved.
This manual and any associated artwork, software and product designs are copyrighted with
all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or
part, without the prior written consent of Farallon Communications. Under the law, copying
includes translation to another language or format.
Netopia, Inc.
2470 Mariner Square Loop
Alameda, CA 94501-1010
U.S.A.
Patents
EtherWave daisy-chainable 10Base-T technology is covered by
U.S. Patent Number 5,414,708. Other U.S. and foreign patents are pending.

Contents
G
B
Chapter 1 — Introduction.......................................................... 1-1
How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2
Netopia models.................................................... 1-3
Connecting to the Advanced Configuration screens........... 1-4
Connecting a modem to the SmartPort...................1-4
Navigating through the Advanced Configuration
screens ........................................................................ 1-6
Keyboard navigation..............................................1-7
Chapter 2 — Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections....... 2-1
ISDN WAN Setup ........................................................... 2-2
ISDN line configuration ......................................... 2-2
Leased line WAN Setup.................................................. 2-5
Leased line configuration ......................................2-6
Connection profiles for ISDN and Leased lines............... 2-13
Frame Relay configuration................................... 2-31
Frame Relay DLCI configuration........................... 2-34
Default profile.............................................................. 2-39
How the default profile works
for a switched circuit .......................................... 2-40
How the default profile works
for a permanent circuit ....................................... 2-45
Call acceptance scenarios.................................. 2-47
WAN IP Address Serving............................................... 2-48
Scheduled connections................................................ 2-49
CSU Backup................................................................ 2-55
Chapter 3 — Connecting Your Local Network ..............................3-1
Overview........................................................................3-1

iv Reference Guide
Readying computers on your local network....................... 3-2
Connecting to a LocalTalk network—
for 400 series models.................................................... 3-3
Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 3-4
EtherWave ........................................................... 3-5
10Base-T............................................................. 3-7
Thick and Thin Ethernet........................................ 3-8
Chapter 4 — IP Setup............................................................... 4-1
Key Features of IP Network Address Translation ......4-1
Using NAT ..................................................................... 4-2
Associating port numbers with nodes.............................. 4-4
NAT guidelines..................................................... 4-5
IP setup........................................................................ 4-6
Static routes...................................................... 4-11
IP address serving....................................................... 4-16
MacIP (Kip Forwarding) Options........................... 4-22
Chapter 5 — IPX Setup..............................................................5-1
IPX Definitions............................................................... 5-1
IPX setup............................................................. 5-4
IPX in the answer profile ....................................... 5-7
IPX filters ...................................................................... 5-8
IPX packet filters................................................ 5-10
IPX packet filter sets .......................................... 5-11
IPX SAP filters.................................................... 5-14
IPX SAP filter sets .............................................. 5-16
IPX routing tables ........................................................ 5-19
Chapter 6 — AppleTalk Setup.....................................................6-1
AppleTalk networks ........................................................ 6-1
MacIP.................................................................. 6-4
AURP................................................................... 6-4
Routers and seeding ............................................ 6-5

Contents v
G
AppleTalk Setup for Small Office models.......................... 6-7
AppleTalk Setup for Corporate models............................. 6-9
EtherTalk Setup.................................................... 6-9
LocalTalk Setup.................................................. 6-11
AURP setup ....................................................... 6-12
Chapter 7 — Security................................................................ 7-1
Suggested security measures......................................... 7-2
User accounts............................................................... 7-2
Telnet access................................................................ 7-5
About filters and filter set............................................... 7-6
What’s a filter and what’s a filter set?.................... 7-6
How filter sets work.............................................. 7-6
How individual filters work..................................... 7-9
Design guidelines............................................... 7-15
Working with IP filters and filter sets.............................. 7-16
Adding a filter set............................................... 7-17
Viewing filter sets............................................... 7-23
Modifying filter sets............................................ 7-24
Deleting a filter set............................................. 7-24
A sample IP filter set.......................................... 7-25
Chapter 8 — Token Security Authentication................................ 8-1
Securing network environments ...................................... 8-1
Using the SecurID token card ......................................... 8-2
Personal identification number (PIN) ...................... 8-2
Key Security Authentication Features of the Netopia
Router................................................................. 8-2
Security authentication components................................ 8-3
Configuring the Netopia Router
for security authentication.............................................. 8-4
Initiating a connection call using
security authentication................................................... 8-5

vi Reference Guide
Establishing a dial-on-demand (DOD)
connection call..................................................... 8-5
Establishing a manual connection call ................... 8-8
Troubleshooting............................................................. 8-9
Chapter 9 — Monitoring Tools ................................................... 9-1
Status overview............................................................. 9-1
General Status..................................................... 9-2
Current Status..................................................... 9-3
LED Status.......................................................... 9-4
Statistics ...................................................................... 9-5
Event Histories.............................................................. 9-9
Routing Tables............................................................. 9-12
Call Accouting.............................................................. 9-15
SNMP......................................................................... 9-17
sysObjectID and sysDescr................................... 9-18
The SNMP Setup screen..................................... 9-19
SNMP traps....................................................... 9-20
Chapter 10 — Utilities and Tests..............................................10-1
Setting the system date and time ................................. 10-2
Ping............................................................................ 10-3
Tracing a route ............................................................ 10-7
Upgrading the Netopia Router....................................... 10-8
Restarting the system.................................................. 10-8
Factory defaults........................................................... 10-9
The ISDN loopback test................................................ 10-9
Console configuration................................................. 10-11
Transferring configuration and firmware files
with XMODEM............................................................ 10-12
Using the console port ..................................... 10-12
Using the SmartPort......................................... 10-13
Updating firmware............................................ 10-14
Downloading configuration files ......................... 10-15

Contents vii
G
Uploading configuration files ............................. 10-16
Transferring configuration and firmware files
with TFTP .................................................................. 10-17
Updating firmware............................................ 10-18
Downloading configuration files ......................... 10-19
Uploading configuration files ............................. 10-20
Appendix A — Troubleshooting .................................................. A-1
Power outages..................................................... A-1
Configuration problems......................................... A-1
Console connection problems ............................... A-2
ISDN problems..................................................... A-2
Frame Relay problems.......................................... A-4
Network problems................................................ A-5
Internal termination switch............................................. A-6
Technical support .......................................................... A-7
How to reach us................................................... A-8
Appendix B — Understanding IP Addressing ............................... B-1
What is IP?.................................................................... B-1
About IP addressing .......................................................B-2
Subnets and subnet masks .................................. B-3
Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... B-5
Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ B-8
Distributing IP addresses ............................................... B-9
Manually distributing IP addresses ...................... B-10
Using address serving........................................ B-10
Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses.......... B-10
Nested IP subnets....................................................... B-13
Broadcasts.................................................................. B-16
Packet header types........................................... B-16
Appendix C — ISDN Configuration Guide .................................... C-1
Definitions..................................................................... C-1

viii Reference Guide
About SPIDs.................................................................. C-2
Example SPIDs .................................................... C-3
Second directory number ............................................... C-3
Switch-specific uses............................................. D-3
Backup number.................................................... D-4
Dynamic B-channel usage............................................... D-4
Other incoming call restrictions............................. D-5
Appendix D — ISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 Events........................... D-1
Leased line events......................................................... D-2
ISDN events.................................................................. D-2
ISDN event cause codes....................................... D-3
Appendix E — Further Reading .................................................. E-1
Glossary
Index
Warranty

1-1
ETHE
RNET
ISDN
Receive
Link
Receive
Link
Transmit
Collision
AUI
Ready
Traffic
Traffic
Go
Go
Traffic
B1 DB2
PC card
Power
Chapter 1
Introduction
Your Netopia Router offers Advanced Configuration features in
addition to the Easy Setup features. The advanced feature screens
are accessed through the Main Menu of the Router’s console
configuration screen. This Reference Guide documents the advanced
features, including advanced testing, security, monitoring, and
configuration features. This Reference Guide should be used as a
companion to the Easy Setup configuration instructions in the Netopia
Router Getting Started guide. You should read the Getting Started
guide before reading this Reference Guide .
This chapter introduces the Reference Guide and tells you how to use
it efficiently. You will also learn about different methods of accessing
the configuration screens. Finally, you will learn how to locate and go
to particular configuration screens.

1-2 Reference Guide
How to use this guide
This guide is organized into chapters describing each of the Netopia
Router’s advanced features. You may want to read each chapter’s
introductory section to familiarize yourself with the various features
available.
You can also use this summary to locate relevant sections:
■
To configure ISDN setup parameters, see “ISDN WAN Setup” on
page 2-2.
■
To configure leased line setup parameters, see “Leased line WAN
Setup” on page 2-5.
■
To add or modify connection profiles, see “Connection profiles for
ISDN and Leased lines” on page 2-13.
■
To configure the default profile for an ISDN or leased line, see
“Default profile” on page 2-39.
■
To put the advanced configuration changes into effect,
“Restarting the system” on page 10-8.
■
To manually establish a connection with an existing connection
profile, see “Establishing a WAN Connection” on page 2-30.
400 Netopia series
models only
■
To use the AppleTalk Update-Based Routing Protocol (AURP), see
“AURP setup” on page 6-12.
■
To schedule regular or one-time connections, see “Scheduled
connections” on page 2-49.
■
To configure dynamic IP address service (DHCP, MacIP, or
BOOTP), see “IP address serving” on page 4-16.
■
For testing network connections, see “The ISDN loopback test”
on page 10-9 to test a switched ISDN line, and “Ping” on
page 10-3 to test connections to IP hosts.