Novell LINUX ENTERPRISE DESKTOP 11 - ADMINISTRATION GUIDE... Quick reference guide

SUSE Linux Enterprise
Desktop
www.novell.com11
March17,2009 Deployment Guide

Deployment Guide
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Contents
About This Guide vii
1Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 1
1.1 Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Reasons to Use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Part I Manual Deployment 5
2Deployment Strategies 7
2.1 Deploying up to 10 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Deploying up to 100 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 Deploying More than 100 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3Installation with YaST 17
3.1 Choosing the Installation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2 The Installation Workow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.3 System Start-Up for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4 TheBootScreen......................... 21
3.5 Welcome ............................ 25
3.6 InstallationMode......................... 26
3.7 Clock and Time Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.8 CreateNewUser......................... 30
3.9 Installation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.10 Performing the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.11 Conguration of the Installed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.12 GraphicalLogin.......................... 46

4Updating SUSE Linux Enterprise 47
4.1 Updating SUSE Linux Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.2 Installing Service Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.3 Software Changes from Version 10 to Version 11 . . . . . . . . . . . 50
5Setting Up Hardware Components with YaST 51
5.1 Probing Your Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5.2 Setting Up Graphics Card and Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
5.3 Setting Up Keyboard and Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
5.4 Setting Up Sound Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.5 Setting Up a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.6 Setting Up a Scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
6Installing or Removing Software 65
6.1 DenitionofTerms........................ 65
6.2 Using the Qt Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
6.3 Using the GTK+ Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.4 Managing Software Repositories and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
6.5 Keeping the System Up-to-date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
7Installing Add-On Products 85
7.1 Add-Ons............................. 85
7.2 BinaryDrivers.......................... 86
7.3 SUSE Software Development Kit (SDK) 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
8Accessing the Internet 87
8.1 Direct Internet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
8.2 Internet Connection Via Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
9Managing Users with YaST 91
9.1 User and Group Administration Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
9.2 Managing User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
9.3 Additional Options for User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
9.4 Changing Default Settings for Local Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
9.5 Assigning Users to Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
9.6 ManagingGroups........................ 104
9.7 Changing the User Authentication Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

10 Changing Language and Country Settings with YaST 109
10.1 Changing the System Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
10.2 Changing the Country and Time Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
11 Remote Installation 117
11.1 Installation Scenarios for Remote Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
11.2 Setting Up the Server Holding the Installation Sources . . . . . . . . . 126
11.3 Preparing the Boot of the Target System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
11.4 Booting the Target System for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
11.5 Monitoring the Installation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
12 Advanced Disk Setup 155
12.1 Using the YaST Partitioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
12.2 LVM Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
12.3 Soft RAID Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
13 Subscription Management 173
13.1 Using Kernel Parameters to Access an SMT Server . . . . . . . . . . . 174
13.2 Conguring Clients Using AutoYaST Prole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
13.3 Conguring Clients Using the clientSetup4SMT.sh Script . . . . . . . . 177
13.4 Registering Clients Against SMT Test Environment . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Part II Imaging and Creating Products 179
14 KIWI 181
14.1 Prerequisites for KIWI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
14.2 Knowing KIWI’s Build Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
14.3 Image Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
14.4 Creating Appliances with KIWI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
14.5 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
15 Creating Add-On Products With Add-on Creator 189
15.1 CreatingImages......................... 189
15.2 Add-On Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
15.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
16 Creating Images with YaST Product Creator 193
16.1 Prerequisites for Product Creator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

16.2 CreatingImages......................... 193
16.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
17 Deploying Customized Preinstallations 197
17.1 Preparing the Master Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
17.2 Customizing the Firstboot Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
17.3 Cloning the Master Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
17.4 Personalizing the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Part III Automated Installations 209
18 Automated Installation 211
18.1 Simple Mass Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
18.2 Rule-Based Autoinstallation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
18.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
19 Automated Deployment of Preload Images 229
19.1 Deploying system manually from rescue image . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
19.2 Automated Deployment with PXE Boot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

About This Guide
Installations of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop are possible in many different ways.
It is impossible to cover all combinations of boot, or installation server, automated in-
stallations or deploying images. This manual should help with selecting the appropriate
method of deployment for your installation.
Part I, “Manual Deployment” (page 5)
Most tasks that are needed during installations are described here. This includes
the manual setup of your computer as well as additional software and remote instal-
lations.
Part II, “Imaging and Creating Products” (page 179)
Mass installations often require to prepare images or products furnished with the
features that are needed in this special case. Several options are described that allow
the administrator to prepare this deployment methods.
Part III, “Automated Installations” (page 209)
To do unattended installations, either use the installation with AutoYaST or prepare
an image with kiwi or rstboot. This part describes methods to deploy these instal-
lations with a minimum of user interaction.
Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. This
includes additional documentation that is available on the system as well as documen-
tation available on the Internet.
For an overview of the documentation available for your product and the latest docu-
mentation updates, refer to http://www.novell.com/documentation or to
the following section.
1 Available Documentation
We provide HTML and PDF versions of our books in different languages. The following
manuals for users and administrators are available on this product:
GNOME User Guide (↑GNOME User Guide)
Introduces the GNOME desktop of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop. It guides you
through using and conguring the desktop and helps you perform key tasks. It is

intended mainly for end users who want to make efcient use of GNOME desktop
as their default desktop.
Application Guide (↑Application Guide)
Learn how to use and congure key desktop applications on SUSE Linux Enterprise
Desktop. This guide introduces browsers and e-mail clients as well as ofce appli-
cations and collaboration tools. It also covers graphics and multimedia applications.
Deployment Guide (page 1)
Shows how to install single or multiple systems and how to exploit the product
inherent capabilities for a deployment infrastructure. Choose from various approach-
es, ranging from a local installation or a network installation server to a mass de-
ployment using a remote-controlled, highly-customized, and automated installation
technique.
Administration Guide (↑Administration Guide)
Covers system administration tasks like maintaining, monitoring and customizing
an initially installed system.
Security Guide (↑Security Guide)
Introduces basic concepts of system security, covering both local and network se-
curity aspects. Shows how to make use of the product inherent security software
like Novell AppArmor (which lets you specify per program which les the program
may read, write, and execute) or the auditing system that reliably collects informa-
tion about any security-relevant events.
Virtualization with Xen (↑Virtualization with Xen)
Offers an introduction to virtualization technology of your product. It features an
overview of the various elds of application and installation types of each of the
platforms supported by SUSE Linux Enterprise Server as well as a short description
of the installation procedure.
In addition to the comprehensive manuals, several quick start guides are available:
viii Deployment Guide

Installation Quick Start (↑Installation Quick Start)
Lists the system requirements and guides you step-by-step through the installation
of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop from DVD, or from an ISO image.
Linux Audit Quick Start
Gives a short overview how to enable and congure the auditing system and how
to execute key tasks such as setting up audit rules, generating reports, and analyzing
the log les.
Novell AppArmor Quick Start
Helps you understand the main concepts behind Novell® AppArmor.
Find HTML versions of most SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop manuals in your installed
system under /usr/share/doc/manual or in the help centers of your desktop.
Find the latest documentation updates at http://www.novell.com/
documentation where you can download PDF or HTML versions of the manuals
for your product.
2 Feedback
Several feedback channels are available:
• To report bugs for a product component or to submit enhancements requests, please
use https://bugzilla.novell.com/. If you are new to Bugzilla, you
might nd the Bug Writing FAQs helpful, available from the Novell Bugzilla home
page.
• We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other
documentation included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature
at the bottom of each page of the online documentation and enter your comments
there.
3 Documentation Conventions
The following typographical conventions are used in this manual:
•/etc/passwd: directory names and lenames
About This Guide ix

•placeholder: replace placeholder with the actual value
•PATH: the environment variable PATH
•ls,--help: commands, options, and parameters
•user: users or groups
•Alt,Alt +F1: a key to press or a key combination; keys are shown in uppercase as
on a keyboard
•File,File >Save As: menu items, buttons
•Dancing Penguins (Chapter Penguins, ↑Another Manual): This is a reference to a
chapter in another manual.
xDeployment Guide

1
Planning for SUSE Linux
Enterprise Desktop
This chapter is addressed mainly to corporate system administrators who face the task
of having to deploy SUSE® Linux Enterprise Desktop at their site. Rolling out SUSE
Linux Enterprise Desktop to an entire site should involve careful planning and consid-
eration of the following questions:
For which purpose will the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop workstations be used?
Determine the purpose for which SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop should be used
and make sure that hardware and software able to match these requirements are
used. Consider testing your setup on a single machine before rolling it out to the
entire site.
How many workstations should be installed?
Determine the scope of your deployment of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop. De-
pending on the number of installation planned, consider different approaches to
the installation or even a mass installation using SUSE Linux Enterprises unique
AutoYaST or KIWI technology. For more information about this subject, refer to
Chapter 2, Deployment Strategies (page 7).
How do you get software updates for your deployment?
All patches provided by Novell for your product are available for download to
registered users. Register and nd the patch support database at http://www
.novell.com/linux/suse/portal/index.html.
Do you need help for your local deployment?
Novell provides training, support, and consulting for all topics around SUSE Linux
Enterprise Desktop. Find more information about this at http://www.novell
.com/products/desktop/.
Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 1

1.1 Hardware Requirements
For a standard installation of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop including the desktop
environment and a wealth of applications, the following conguration is recommended:
• Intel Pentium IV, 2.4 GHz or higher or any AMD64 or Intel 64 processor
• 1–2 physical CPUs
• 512 MB physical RAM or higher
• 3 GB of available disk space or more
• 1024 x 768 display resolution (or higher)
1.2 Reasons to Use SUSE Linux
Enterprise Desktop
Let the following items guide you in your selection of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
and while determining the purpose of the installed systems:
Wealth of Applications
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop's broad offer of software makes it appeal to both
professional users in a corporate environment and to home users or users in smaller
networks.
Ease of Use
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop comes with two enterprise-ready desktop environ-
ments, GNOME and KDE. Both enable users to comfortably adjust to a Linux
system while maintaining their efciency and productivity. To explore the desktops
in detail, refer to the KDE User Guide (↑KDE User Guide) and the GNOME User
Guide (↑GNOME User Guide).
Support for Mobile Users
With the NetworkManager technology fully integrated into SUSE Linux Enterprise
Desktop and its two desktop environments, mobile users will enjoy the freedom
of easily joining and switching wired and wireless networks.
2Deployment Guide

Seamless Integration into Existing Networks
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop was designed to be a versatile network citizen. It
cooperates with various different network types:
Pure Linux Networks SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop is a complete Linux
client and supports all the protocols used in traditional Linux and Unix* environ-
ments. It integrates well with networks consisting of other SUSE Linux or SUSE
Linux Enterprise machines. LDAP, NIS, and local authentication are supported.
Windows Networks SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop supports Active Directory
as an authentication source. It offers you all the advantages of a secure and stable
Linux operating system plus convenient interaction with other Windows clients
and means to manipulate your Windows user data from a Linux client. Explore
this feature in detail in Chapter 5, Active Directory Support (↑Security Guide).
Windows and Novell Networks Being backed by Novell and their networking
expertise, SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop naturally offers you support for Novell
technologies, like GroupWise, Novell Client for Linux, and iPrint, and it also offers
authentication support for Novell eDirectory services.
Application Security with Novell AppArmor
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop enables you to secure your applications by enforc-
ing security proles tailor-made for your applications. To learn more about Novell
AppArmor, refer to http://www.novell.com/documentation/
apparmor/.
Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 3

Part I. Manual Deployment

2
Deployment Strategies
There are several different ways to deploy SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop. Choose
from various approaches ranging from a local installation using physical media or a
network installation server to a mass deployment using a remote-controlled, highly-
customized, and automated installation technique. Select the method that best matches
your requirements.
TIP: Using Xen Virtualization with SLED
You may use the Xen virtualization technology to test virtual instances of SUSE
Linux Enterprise Desktop prior to rolling it out to real hardware. You could also
experiment with basic Windows*-in-SLED setups. For more information about
the virtualization technology available with SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop, refer
to http://www.novell.com/documentation/sles10/xen_admin/
data/bookinfo.html.
2.1 Deploying up to 10 Workstations
If your deployment of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop only involves 1 to 10 worksta-
tions, the easiest and least complex way of deploying SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
is a plain manual installation as featured in Chapter 3, Installation with YaST (page 17).
Manual installation can be done in several different ways depending on your require-
ments:
Installing from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop Media (page 8)
Consider this approach if you want to install a single, disconnected workstation.
Deployment Strategies 7

Installing from a Network Server Using SLP (page 8)
Consider this approach if you have a single workstation or a small number of
workstations and if a network installation server announced via SLP is available.
Installing from a Network Server (page 9)
Consider this approach if you have a single workstation or a small number of
workstations and if a network installation server is available.
Table 2.1 Installing from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop Media
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop media kitInstallation Source
Tasks Requiring Manual Inter-
action
• Inserting the installation media
• Booting the installation target
• Changing media
• Determining the YaST installation scope
• Conguring the system with YaST system
NoneRemotely Controlled Tasks
Installing from the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
Media (page 17)
Details
Table 2.2 Installing from a Network Server Using SLP
Network installation server holding the SUSE Linux
Enterprise Desktop installation media
Installation Source
Tasks Requiring Manual
Interaction
• Inserting the boot disk
• Booting installation target
• Determining the YaST installation scope
• Conguring the system with YaST
8Deployment Guide

None, but this method can be combined with VNCRemotely Controlled Tasks
Section 3.1.1, “Installing from a Network Server Using
SLP” (page 19)
Details
Table 2.3 Installing from a Network Server
Network installation server holding the SUSE Linux
Enterprise Desktop installation media
Installation Source
Tasks Requiring Manual
Interaction
• Inserting the boot disk
• Providing boot options
• Booting the installation target
• Determining the YaST installation scope
• Conguring the system with YaST
None, but method can be combined with VNCRemotely Controlled Tasks
Section 3.1.2, “Installing from a Network Source with-
out SLP” (page 20)
Details
2.2 Deploying up to 100 Workstations
With a growing numbers of workstations to install, you certainly do not want to install
and congure each one of them manually. There are many automated or semiautomated
approaches as well as several options to perform an installation with minimal to no
physical user interaction.
Before considering a fully-automated approach, take into account that the more complex
the scenario gets the longer it takes to set up. If a time limit is associated with your de-
ployment, it might be a good idea to select a less complex approach that can be carried
out much more quickly. Automation makes sense for huge deployments and those that
need to be carried out remotely.
Deployment Strategies 9

Choose from the following options:
Simple Remote Installation via VNC—Static Network Conguration (page 11)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario with a static network setup.
A network, network installation server, and VNC viewer application are required.
Simple Remote Installation via VNC—Dynamic Network Conguration (page 11)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario with dynamic network setup
through DHCP. A network, network installation server, and VNC viewer application
are required.
Remote Installation via VNC—PXE Boot and Wake on LAN (page 12)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario that should be installed via
network and without physical interaction with the installation targets. A network,
a network installation server, network boot images, network bootable target hard-
ware, and a VNC viewer application are required.
Simple Remote Installation via SSH—Static Network Conguration (page 12)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario with static network setup.
A network, network installation server, and SSH client application are required.
Remote Installation via SSH—Dynamic Network Conguration (page 13)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario with dynamic network setup
through DHCP. A network, network installation server, and SSH client application
are required.
Remote Installation via SSH—PXE Boot and Wake on LAN (page 14)
Consider this approach in a small to medium scenario that should be installed via
network and without physical interaction with the installation targets. A network,
a network installation server, network boot images, network bootable target hard-
ware, and an SSH client application are required.
Simple Mass Installation (page 14)
Consider this approach for large deployments to identical machines. If congured
to use network booting, physical interaction with the target systems is not needed
at all. A network, a network installation server, a remote controlling application
such as a VNC viewer or an SSH client, and an AutoYaST conguration prole
are required. If using network boot, a network boot image and network bootable
hardware are required as well.
10 Deployment Guide