OutBack Power FXR2012A User manual

FXR Series Inverter/Charger
FXR2012A FXR2524A FXR3048A
VFXR2812A VFXR3524A VFXR3648A
O
p
erator’s Manual

About OutBack Power Technologies
OutBack Power Technologies is a leader in advanced energy conversion technology. OutBack products
include true sine wave inverter/chargers, maximum power point tracking charge controllers, and system
communication components, as well as circuit breakers, batteries, accessories, and assembled systems.
Applicability
These instructions apply to OutBack inverter/charger models FXR2012A, FXR2524A, FXR3048A,
VFXR2812A, VFXR3524A, and VFXR3648A only.
Contact Information
Address: Corporate Headquarters
17825 – 59th Avenue N.E.
Suite B
Arlington, WA 98223 USA
European Office
Hansastrasse 8
D-91126
Schwabach, Germany
Website: http://www.outbackpower.com
Disclaimer
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, OUTBACK POWER TECHNOLOGIES:
(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY
TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER
DOCUMENTATION.
(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT,
INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH
INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.
OutBack Power Technologies cannot be responsible for system failure, damages, or injury resulting from
improper installation of their products.
Information included in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Notice of Copyright
FXR Series Inverter/Charger Operator’s Manual © 2017 by OutBack Power Technologies. All
Rights Reserved.
Trademarks
OutBack Power, the OutBack Power logo, Grid/Hybrid, and OPTICS RE are trademarks owned and used
by OutBack Power Technologies, Inc. The ALPHA logo and the phrase “member of the Alpha Group” are
trademarks owned and used by Alpha Technologies Inc. These trademarks may be registered in the
United States and other countries.
Date and Revision
September 2017, Revision A
Part Number
900-0167-01-01 Rev A

900-0167-01-01 Rev A 3
Table of Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................... 7
Audience ...................................................................................................................................7
Symbols Used...........................................................................................................................7
General Safety ..........................................................................................................................7
Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies...............................................................................8
Inverter Functions .....................................................................................................................9
Inverter Controls .....................................................................................................................10
MATE3 System Display and Controller .............................................................................................. 10
Operation.......................................................................................... 11
LED Indicators ........................................................................................................................11
Battery Indicators................................................................................................................................ 11
Status Indicators................................................................................................................................. 12
Inverter Functionality...............................................................................................................13
AC Input Connection...............................................................................................................13
Description of AC Input Modes ...............................................................................................14
Generator ........................................................................................................................................... 14
Support ............................................................................................................................................... 15
Grid Tied............................................................................................................................................. 16
Grid Interface Protection Menu ......................................................................................................................17
Multi-Phase Coordination...............................................................................................................................18
UPS .................................................................................................................................................... 18
Backup................................................................................................................................................ 18
Mini Grid ............................................................................................................................................. 19
GridZero ............................................................................................................................................. 20
Description of Inverter Operations ..........................................................................................22
Inverting.............................................................................................................................................. 22
DC and AC Voltages......................................................................................................................................22
AC Frequency................................................................................................................................................23
Search ...........................................................................................................................................................24
Input.................................................................................................................................................... 25
AC Current Settings .......................................................................................................................................25
AC Source Acceptance..................................................................................................................................26
Generator Input..............................................................................................................................................27
Transfer .........................................................................................................................................................28
Battery Charging................................................................................................................................. 29
Charge Current ..............................................................................................................................................29
Charge Cycle .................................................................................................................................................30
Advanced Battery Charging (ABC) ................................................................................................................31
Charging Steps ..............................................................................................................................................31
New Charging Cycle ......................................................................................................................................33
Equalization ...................................................................................................................................................36
Battery Temperature Compensation..............................................................................................................36
Offset .................................................................................................................................................. 38
Grid Support ....................................................................................................................................... 39
Auxiliary Terminals ............................................................................................................................. 41
Metering ........................................................................................... 45
MATE3-Class System Display Screens
..................................................................................45
Inverter Screen ................................................................................................................................... 45
Battery Screen.................................................................................................................................... 46

Table of Contents
4 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Troubleshooting ................................................................................. 47
Basic Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................47
Error Messages.......................................................................................................................52
Warning Messages .................................................................................................................53
Temperatures ..................................................................................................................................... 54
GT Warnings ...................................................................................................................................... 54
Disconnect Messages.............................................................................................................55
Sell Status...............................................................................................................................56
Specifications .................................................................................... 57
Electrical Specifications ..........................................................................................................57
Mechanical Specifications.......................................................................................................60
Environmental Specifications..................................................................................................60
Temperature Derating ........................................................................................................................ 61
Regulatory Specifications .......................................................................................................61
Listings ............................................................................................................................................... 61
Certifications....................................................................................................................................... 62
Compliance......................................................................................................................................... 62
Summary of Operating Limits .................................................................................................63
Limiting Charge Current (Multiple Inverters) ..............................................................................63
Firmware Revision ..................................................................................................................65
Default Settings and Ranges ..................................................................................................65
Definitions ...............................................................................................................................76
Index ............................................................................................... 77

Table of Contents
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 5
List of Tables
Table 1 Battery Indicator Values...........................................................................................11
Table 2 Summary of Input Modes.........................................................................................21
Table 3 Charge Currents for FXR Models ............................................................................29
Table 4 Offset Interaction with AC Source............................................................................38
Table 5 AUX Mode Functions...............................................................................................43
Table 6 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................47
Table 7 Error Troubleshooting ..............................................................................................52
Table 8 Warning Troubleshooting.........................................................................................53
Table 9 Inverter Temps.........................................................................................................54
Table 10 GT Warnings............................................................................................................54
Table 11 Disconnect Troubleshooting ....................................................................................55
Table 12 Sell Status Messages ..............................................................................................56
Table 13 Electrical Specifications for 12-Volt FXR Models.....................................................57
Table 14 Electrical Specifications for 24-Volt FXR Models.....................................................58
Table 15 Electrical Specifications for 48-Volt FXR Models.....................................................59
Table 16 Mechanical Specifications for FXR Models..............................................................60
Table 17 Environmental Specifications for all FXR Models ....................................................60
Table 18 Operating Limits for all FXR Models ........................................................................63
Table 19 Chargers On and Current Settings ..........................................................................64
Table 20 Charge Currents for Calculations.............................................................................65
Table 21 FXR Menu Items for 12-Volt Models........................................................................66
Table 22 FXR Menu Items for 24-Volt Models........................................................................69
Table 23 FXR Menu Items for 48-Volt Models........................................................................72
Table 24 Terms and Definitions..............................................................................................76

Table of Contents
6 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
List of Figures
Figure 1 FXR Series Inverter/Charger with Turbo Fan ............................................................8
Figure 2 LED Indicators .........................................................................................................11
Figure 3 Inverter Status LED Indicators.................................................................................12
Figure 4 Charging Stages Over Time ....................................................................................30
Figure 5 Charging Stages Over Time (24/7) ..........................................................................30
Figure 6 Repeated Charging (1st and 2nd Cycles) ..................................................................34
Figure 7 Repeated Charging (3rd, 4th, and 5th Cycles)............................................................35
Figure 8 Grid Support Function Screen .................................................................................40
Figure 9 Home Screen...........................................................................................................45
Figure 10 Inverter Screens ......................................................................................................45
Figure 11 Battery Screen .........................................................................................................46
Figure 12 AC Test Points.........................................................................................................47
Figure 13 Temperature Derating..............................................................................................61

900-0167-01-01 Rev A 7
Introduction
Audience
This book provides instructions for the functional settings and operation of this product. These
instructions are for use by qualified personnel who meet all local and governmental code
requirements for licensing and training for the installation of electrical power systems with AC
and DC voltage up to 600 volts. This product is only serviceable by qualified personnel. Do not
use this product without reading the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual.
Symbols Used
WARNING: Hazard to Human Life
This type of notation indicates that the hazard could be harmful to human life.
CAUTION: Hazard to Equipment
This type of notation indicates that the hazard may cause damage to the equipment.
IMPORTANT:
This type of notation indicates that the information provided is important to the installation,
operation and/or maintenance of the equipment. Failure to follow the recommendations in
such a notation could result in voiding the equipment warranty.
NOTE:
This type of notation indicates useful information. This symbol is not always used.
MORE INFORMATION
When this symbol appears next to text, it means that more information is available in other manuals relating to the
subject. The most common reference is to the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual. Another common
reference is the system display manual.
General Safety
WARNING: Limitations on Use
This equipment is NOT intended for use with life support equipment or other medical
equipment or devices.
WARNING: Reduced Protection
If this product is used in a manner not specified by GS product literature, the product’s
internal safety protection may be impaired.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Only use components or accessories recommended or sold by OutBack Power Technologies
or its authorized agents.

Introduction
8 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies
Thank you for purchasing the OutBack FXR Series Inverter/Charger. It is designed to offer a
complete power conversion system between batteries and AC power.
As part of an OutBack Grid/Hybrid™ system, it can provide off-grid power, grid backup power,
or grid-interactive service which sells excess renewable energy back to the utility.
Figure 1 FXR Series Inverter/Charger with Turbo Fan

Introduction
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 9
Inverter Functions

Battery-to-AC inverting which delivers power to run backup loads and other functions
Provides single-phase output
Adjustable range of output voltage
Settable nominal output frequency
AC-to-battery charging (OutBack systems are battery-based)
Accepts a wide variety of single-phase AC sources
Uses battery energy stored from renewable resources
Can utilize stored energy from many sources (PV arrays, wind turbines, etc.)
OutBack FLEXmax charge controllers will optimize PV power production as part of a
Grid/Hybrid system
Rapid transfer between AC source and inverter output with minimal delay time
Uses the MATE3™ class of System Display and Controller products, or the AXS Port™ SunSpec
Modbus Interface (sold separately) for user interface as part of a Grid/Hybrid system
MATE3s system display is required for grid support functionality (see below)
Supports the OPTICS RE™ online tool
1
for a cloud-based remote monitoring and control application
Requires the MATE3 or the AXS Port
Visit www.outbackpower.com to download
Uses the HUB10.3™ Communications Manager for stacking as part of a Grid/Hybrid system
~Stackable in series, parallel, series/parallel, and three-phase configurations
Certified by ETL to UL 1741 SA, CSA C22.2, and IEC 62109-1
Field-upgradeable firmware (from www.outbackpower.com); requires MATE3 product or AXS Port
The MATE3s system display must be used when upgrading the inverter to firmware revision
001.006.063 or higher.
Seven selectable input modes for different applications
Generator
Support
Grid Tied (available in 24-volt and 48-models only)
UPS
Backup
Mini Grid
GridZero
Single AC input with dual input programming; individualized modes and priorities can be selected
when switching from utility grid to AC generator
external transfer device required
system display required for individual programming
NOTE:
This product has a settable AC output range. In this book, many references to the output
refer to the entire range. However, some references are made to 120 Vac or 60 Hz output.
These are intended as examples only.
1
Outback Power Technologies Intuitive Control System for Renewable Energy

Introduction
10 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Inverter Controls
The FXR inverter has no external controls pre-installed. It can operate normally without an
external control or interface. Basic modes and settings are pre-programmed at the factory.
(See page 66 for default settings.) However, certain products can monitor, operate, or
program the inverter. These include OPTICS RE and the MATE3 class of system display
See the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual for information on wiring a manual
on/off switch.
MATE3 System Display and Controller
The MATE3 class of system display products (sold separately) includes the MATE3 and the
MATE3s. These are designed to accommodate programming and monitoring of a Grid/Hybrid
power system. The system display provides the means to adjust the factory default settings to
correctly match the installation where needed. It provides the means to monitor system
performance and troubleshoot fault or shutdown conditions. It also has data logging and
interface functions using the Internet.
Once settings are modified using a MATE3-class device, it can be removed from the installation.
The settings are stored in the nonvolatile memory of the FXR inverter. However, it is highly
recommended to include a system display as part of the system. This provides the means to
monitor system performance and respond quickly should it be necessary to correct a fault or
shutdown condition.
In a MATE3-class device, the Profile Wizard is a guided program for rapidly configuring devices.
It prevents the need for repetitive programming when multiple common devices are used. After
collecting user input, it can automatically configure inverters to a series of preset values.
Affected fields include system type, battery charging, and AC source configuration.
IMPORTANT:
The FXR inverter is only compatible with the MATE3 class of system display products. FXR
revision 001.006.046 or lower can be used with any revision of MATE3s but can only be used
with MATE3 revision 002.017.000 or higher. This product is not intended for use with the
OutBack MATE or MATE2 products.
A MATE3s system display with revision 001.001.000 or higher must be used when operating
an FXR inverter with firmware revision 001.006.063 or higher.
The FXR inverter can use the OPTICS RE online tool as a system display. OPTICS RE must
be used in conjunction with a MATE3-class system display or with the AXS Port SunSpec
Modbus Interface.
Some functions are not based in the inverter, but are part of the system display’s firmware.
They will not function if the system display is removed.
.

900-0167-01-01 Rev A 11
Operation
LED Indicators
Figure 2 LED Indicators
Battery Indicators
The BATTERY LED indicators show the approximate battery state. (See IMPORTANT below.)
A green indicator (F
ULL
) means the batteries have an adequate charge at that time. It does not always mean
they are full. It may be accompanied by a yellow S
TATUS
indicator when an AC source is charging.
A yellow indicator (OK) means the batteries are somewhat discharged.
A red indicator (L
OW
) means the batteries are greatly discharged and may require attention. It may be
accompanied by a red S
TATUS
indicator to indicate a low battery error.
The
B
ATTERY
indicators and the I
NVERTER
S
TATUS
indicators are independent. They may accompany each other
depending on conditions. Common combinations are noted above and on page 12.
Table 1 Battery Indicator Values
Color 12 Vdc Unit 24 Vdc Unit, ± 0.2 Vdc 48 Vdc Unit, ± 0.4 Vdc Battery Status
GREEN 12.5 Vdc or higher 25.0 Vdc or higher 50.0 Vdc or higher ACCEPTABLE
YELLOW 11.5 to 12.4 Vdc 23.0 to 24.8 Vdc 46.0 to 49.6 Vdc MARGINAL
RED 11.4 Vdc or lower 22.8 Vdc or lower 45.6 Vdc or lower LOW
NOTES:
Gaps in the table (higher-voltage units) are due to the resolution of the inverter’s DC meter.
These voltage settings are not the same as the Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO) set point. (See page 22.)
The B
ATTERY indicator settings cannot be changed.
Voltages higher than shown in the Green row usually show that the batteries are charging
.
IMPORTANT:
Due to different system states, battery voltage does not always indicate an accurate state of charge. It is
accurate if batteries have been at rest for several hours at room temperature (25°C or 77°F, or as specified by
the battery manufacturer). If they have any loads, a charging source, or are at another temperature, their
voltage may not reflect their true state. The OutBack FLEXnet DC is a battery monitor that can be added to
the system to provide accurate measurements.
Status Indicators
Battery
Indicators
AUX Indicator (see page 41)

Operation
12 900-0167-01-01 Rev B
Status Indicators
Figure 3 Inverter Status LED Indicators
1
2
3
STATUS INVERTER (Green):
Solid
: The FXR inverter is on and providing power.
•If accompanied by a solid yellow AC INindicator (2), the
inverter is also connected to the utility grid with an AC input
mode that uses both inverter power and grid power
(Support,Grid Tied,or GridZero).
•See page 13 for descriptions of AC input modes.
Flashing: The inverter has been turned on but is idle.
•The inverter is likely in Searchmode. See page 24.
Off: The inverter isoff. It is not waiting to provide power.
•See the system display manual to turn the inverter on.
•Any power present is from another source such as the utility
grid or generator.
•The inverter may also be a slave that is in Silent mode due to the Power Savefunction.
If so, the master inverter may still be providing power to the system.
•See the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual for a description of Power Save.
AC IN (Yellow):
Solid:
The AC source is connected and providing power.
•The FXR inverter may or may not be charging the batteries, depending on settings.
•May be accompanied by a green STATUS INVERTER indicator (1).
Flashing: The AC source is present but has not been accepted.
•If flashing continues, the FXR inverter is refusing the source. See the Troubleshooting section
on page 47.
Off
: No AC source is detected.
•If a source is supposed to be present, see the Troubleshooting section on page 47.
ERROR (Red):
Solid
: Error. The inverter has shut down due to a critical problem which may be internal
or external.
•
This indicator is accompanied by an error message in the system display.
•
See page 52 for a description of error messages.
Flashing
: Warning. The inverter has detected a non-critical problem but has not yet
shut down.
•
A warning does not always lead to a shutdown — if it does, it becomes an error.
•
This indicator is accompanied by a warning message in the system display.
•
See page 53 for a description of warning messages.
Off
: No problems are detected.

Operation
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 13
Inverter Functionality
The FXR inverter can be used for many applications. Some of the inverter’s operations occur
automatically. Others are conditional or must be enabled manually before they will operate.
Most of the inverter’s individual operations and functions can be programmed using the system
display. This allows customization or fine tuning of the inverter’s performance.
Before operating the inverter:
The operator needs to define the application and decide which functions will be needed.
The FXR inverter is programmed with seven AC input modes. Each mode is optimized for a
particular application. Some modes contain functions unique to that mode.
The modes are described in detail following this section. To help decide which mode will be
used, the basic points of each mode are compared in Table 2 on page 21.
Apart from the input modes, FXR inverters possess a set of common functions or operations.
These operations are described in detail beginning on page 22. Most of these items operate the
same regardless of which input mode is selected. The exceptions are noted where appropriate.
Each distinct mode, function, or operation is accompanied by a symbol representing the inverter
and that operation:
The symbols may have other features depending on the operation.
AC Input Connection
The FXR inverter has one set of input connections. Only one AC source can be physically
wired to it at any time. However, two different AC sources can be used with an external transfer
switch. It is common for backup or grid-interactive systems to use the utility grid as the primary
source, but switch to a gas- or diesel-powered generator in emergencies. The inverter can be
programmed with separate input criteria for each source.
The inverter’s two input selections can be programmed for separate input modes (see below).
The selection (Grid or Gen) can be chosen in the AC Input and Current Limit menu. (See
the menu tables beginning on page 66.)
NOTE: The input types are labeled for grid and generator due to common conventions, not
because of inverter requirements. Each selection can accept any AC source as long as it meets
the requirements of the FXR inverter and the selected input mode. If necessary, the Gen
selection can accept grid power. The opposite is also true.
AC
IN
AC
OUT
DC
TRANSFER
These items represent the input from the AC
source, the output to the AC loads, DC
functions (inverting, charging, etc.), and the
transfer relay. Arrows on each symbol
represent power flow.

Operation
14 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Description of AC Input Modes
These modes control aspects of how the inverter interacts with AC input sources. Each mode is
intended to optimize the inverter for a particular application. The names of the modes are
Generator, Support, Grid Tied, UPS, Backup, Mini Grid, and GridZero. The modes are
summarized and compared in Table 2. See page 21.
When multiple inverters are stacked together in parallel, the master inverter’s input mode is
imposed on all slaves. (See the stacking section in the Installation Manual.) The slave settings
are not changed; they retain any mode that was previously programmed. However, the slave
will ignore its programmed mode and use that of the master. This also applies to any
parameters in the mode menu (Voltage Limit, Connect Delay, and so on).
The following pages compare the various functions of each input mode.
Generator
The Generator mode allows the use of a wide range of AC sources, including generators with a
rough or imperfect AC waveform. In other modes, a “noisy” or irregular waveform may not be
accepted by the inverter. (Self-excited induction generators may require this mode when used
with the inverter.) Generator allows these waveforms to be accepted. The charging algorithm
of this mode is designed to work well with AC generators regardless of power quality or
regulation mechanism. The generator must still comply with the inverter’s nominal input
specifications. (See page 25.)
BENEFITS:

This mode enables the battery charging function to tolerate a wider range of generator performance
and waveform irregularities than other modes. See page 27 for recommended parameters for sizing
a generator.
Generator mode can also be used to accommodate grid variability or irregularities. The inverter will
not export power to the grid in this mode.
A programmable delay timer is available which will allow a generator to stabilize before connection.
In MATE3-class system displays, this menu item is Connect Delay. It is available in both the Grid
AC Input Mode and Limits and the Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menus, depending on which
input is being programmed.
NOTES:

Any AC fluctuations that are accepted by the inverter will be transferred to the output. The loads
will be exposed to these fluctuations. It may not be advisable to install sensitive loads under
these conditions.
The name of Generator mode does not mean that the inverter requires a generator input when
using this mode. The use of this mode does not require the use of the Gen input type; either
selection can be used. Conversely, the inverter is not required to be placed in this mode just because
a generator is installed.

Operation
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 15
Support
The Support mode is intended for systems that use the utility grid or a generator. In some
cases the amount of current available from the source is limited due to size, wiring, or other
reasons. If large loads are required, the FXR inverter augments (supports) the AC source.
The inverter uses battery power and additional sources to ensure that the loads receive the
power they demand.
In a MATE3-class system display, the Grid Input AC Limit dictates the maximum AC draw for
the Grid input. The Gen Input AC Limit sets the maximum draw for the Gen input. The
Support function takes effect if the AC demand on either input exceeds the AC Limit setting.
BENEFITS:

Large inverter loads can be powered while staying connected to the AC input, even if the input is
limited. The added battery power prevents overload of the input source, but the batteries are not in
constant use.
The FXR inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the
batteries. See page 37 for more information on the Offset function.
NOTES
:
IMPORTANT:
The inverter will draw energy from the batteries when the loads exceed the appropriate
AC Limit. With sustained loads and no other DC source, the batteries may discharge to the
Low Battery Cut-Out point. The inverter will shut down with a Low Battery error. (See
pages 22 and 52.) To prevent the loss of power, load use should be planned accordingly.
IMPORTANT:
A “noisy” or irregular AC source may prevent Support from working normally. The inverter
will transfer the power, but will not support the source, charge the batteries, or interact with
the current in any other way. This problem is more common with generators smaller than
the wattage of the inverter.

Because the inverter limits the current draw from the AC source, it will reduce the charge rate as
necessary to support the loads. If the loads equal the appropriate AC Limit setting, the charge rate
will be zero.
If the AC loads exceed the AC Limit setting, the Support function is activated. Instead of charging,
the inverter will take power from the batteries and use it to support the incoming AC current.
The Support function is not available in any other input mode.

Operation
16 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Grid Tied
IMPORTANT:
Selling power to the utility company requires the authorization of the local electric jurisdiction.
How the utility company accommodates this will depend on their policies on the issue. Some
may pay for power sold; others may issue credit. Some policies may prohibit the use of this
mode altogether. Please check with the utility company and obtain their permission before
using this mode.
The Grid Tied mode allows the FXR inverter to become grid-interactive. This means that in
addition to using power from the utility grid for charging and loads, the inverter can also convert
excess battery power and sell it to the utility grid. Excess battery power usually comes from
renewable energy sources, such as PV arrays, hydroelectric turbines, and wind turbines.
The grid-interactive function uses Offset operation. See page 37 for more information.
The grid-interactive function utilizes the Grid Support settings. See page 39 for more information.
BENEFITS:
Excess power is returned to the utility grid.
The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries.
If the excess is greater than the AC demand (the load size), the excess will be sold to the grid.
NOTES:
The inverter has a delay before selling will begin. This function, the Re-Connect Delay Timer, has a
default setting of five minutes. During this time, the inverter will not connect to the utility grid. The
timer is adjustable in the Grid Interface Protection menu (see below).
Upon initial connection to the utility grid, the inverter may be required to perform a battery charging
cycle. This may delay the operation of the grid-interactive function.
The grid-interactive function only operates when excess DC (renewable) power is available.
The grid-interactive function is not available in any of the other input modes.
Whenever energy produced from the renewable energy source exceeds the loads on the inverter
output, the system display will indicate selling. Any power not consumed by loads on the main panel
will be sold to the grid.
The amount of power an inverter can sell is not necessarily equal to its specified output wattage.
The Maximum Sell Current can be decreased if it is necessary to limit the power sold. This item is
available in the Grid Interface Protection menu (see next page). This setting is not affected by the
AC Limit settings (see page 25).
The amount of power that is sold is controlled by the utility grid voltage. The wattage sold equals
this voltage multiplied by the current. For example, if the inverter sells 15 amps and the voltage is
116 Vac, the inverter will sell 1.74 kVA. If the voltage is 125 Vac, the inverter will sell 1.88 kVA.
Additionally, output will vary with inverter temperature, battery type, and other conditions.
This recommendation is specifically for the inverter’s grid-interactive function. In some cases, the
source may be sized larger to account for environmental conditions or the presence of DC loads.
This depends on individual site requirements.
This mode is not available in 12-volt FXR models. It does not appear on the system display’s list of
available input modes.

Operation
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 17
Grid Interface Protection Menu
Grid-interactive requirements vary in different locations around the world. The grid-interactive
settings are adjustable in the Grid Interface Protection and Grid Support menus. These
menus are only available with installer-level access. These settings are generally controlled by
the local authorities or interconnection agreement and should not be altered by the end user.
The installer password must be changed from the default to access these settings. Once it has
been changed, the settings can only be accessed with the installer password.
This menu includes the following:
Operating Frequency. It can be selected to either 50 or 60 Hz. This setting changes the inverter’s
output frequency, but it also changes the input (and grid-interactive) acceptance parameters. See
page 23 for more information on the inverter’s frequency.
Clearance Time during power loss.
Coordinated AC Connect/Disconnect. See Multi-Phase Coordination on the next page.
Maximum Sell Current when exporting power to the utility.
The Grid Support menu contains multiple voltage, frequency and time parameters for operation.
The grid-interactive function can only operate while the grid is stable and within specific limits.
In Grid Tied mode, the inverter operates in accordance with the Grid Support settings. If the
AC voltage or frequency vary outside these limits, the inverter will disconnect to isolate itself and
its protected loads. Grid Support settings adhere to specific standards, such as California's Rule
21 or HECO Rule 14H. These limits override the AC source acceptance limits on page 26, which
are used in most other modes. See page 39 for more information on the Grid Support function.
Before operating in Grid Tied mode, be sure to obtain any necessary interconnection
agreements or related documents from the utility company or local building authority. These
documents will typically specify the grid support and interface protection settings that must be
used for that installation.
The Grid Support menu has a Regulatory Specification screen that displays the standard
currently loaded on the system and the settings loaded into the Grid Support options from a .GIP
file. (See below.) The default standard (and settings) is IEEE 1547.
The items in the following list are the selectable Grid Support options. The utility company may
need to review these items to make certain their standards are met.
Low and High Voltage and Frequency Ride-Through
Fixed Power Factor
Ramping
Frequency Watt
Volt Watt
Volt/VAr
If the grid is outside the parameters of the applicable standard, the inverter disconnects from the
AC source. It will not reconnect until the source meets the voltage and frequency Reconnect
Parameters for the duration of the timer in that menu.
If the inverter stops selling or disconnects due to Grid Interface Protection, the system display
will show the reason. Sell Status messages are listed on page 56. Disconnect messages are
listed on page 55. Often these messages will be the same.
NOTE FOR 12-VOLT MODELS: The Grid Interface Protection menu is still present due to the
need for certain items such as Operating Frequency. The Grid Support menu settings are present
due to their applicability in GridZero mode (see page 20), but they are only used in that mode.
Upload Grid Protection. This screen automatically loads a “package” of grid support settings from
a .GIP file. See the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual for instructions.
See Table 21 beginning on page 66 for the locations and settings of all menu items in MATE3-class
system display menus, including those on this page.

Operation
18 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
Multi-Phase Coordination
Several other inverter adjustments are located in the Grid Interface Protection menu. These
sensitive items can only be changed with installer-level access.
The FXR inverter’s stacking function includes the option called Multi-Phase Coordination.
The selectable menu item is Coordinated AC Connect/Disconnect. The default setting is No.
If selected to No, the inverters will connect independently to the AC source. If certain inverters do not
sense an acceptable source, only those inverters will disconnect and return to the inverting state (with
a Phase Loss warning). Other inverters will remain connected. See page 28 for more information.
If selected to Yes, the AC source is required to deliver appropriate input to all inverters in a stacked
system. If the master or subphase master inverters do not sense an acceptable AC source, the entire
system disconnects from the source. None of the inverters will reconnect until the source is
acceptable for the duration of the appropriate timer. See page 28 for more information.
When reconnecting:
If the inverter is in Grid Tied mode, the Reconnect Delay timer is used.
If the inverter is any other AC input mode, the Connect Delay timer is used.
See pages 25 and 28 for more information on input acceptance and the transfer function.
See the Installation Manual for more information on the stacking function and subphase master
inverters. See the tables beginning on page 66 for the default settings and ranges.
UPS
In UPS mode, the FXR parameters have been optimized to reduce the response time. If the
utility grid becomes unstable or is interrupted, the inverter can transfer to inverting with the
fastest possible response time. This allows the system to support sensitive AC loads with
minimal interruption.
BENEFITS:
Constant power is provided to the loads with virtually no drop in voltage or current.
NOTES:
Due to the need for the FXR inverter to react quickly to AC source fluctuations, it must remain fully
active at all times. The inverter requires a continuous consumption of 42 watts.
For this reason, the Search function does not operate in this mode. (See page 24.)
Backup
The Backup mode is intended for systems that have utility grid available as the primary AC
source. This source will pass through the FXR inverter’s transfer circuit and will power the
loads unless utility power is lost. If utility grid power is lost, then the inverter will supply energy
to the loads from the battery bank. When the utility power returns, it will be used to power the
loads again.
BENEFITS:
This mode will continuously maintain the batteries in a fully-charged state. It does not have the
overhead consumption of the UPS mode.
Failure
Failure

Operation
900-0167-01-01 Rev A 19
Mini Grid
In Mini Grid mode, the FXR inverter automatically rejects an AC source and runs solely from
battery (and renewable) energy. The inverter only connects to the AC source (usually the utility
grid) when the batteries run too low.
The inverter runs on battery-supplied power for as long as the batteries can be sustained. It is
expected that the batteries will also be charged from renewable sources such as PV. When the
batteries become depleted, the system reconnects to the utility grid to operate the loads.
The inverter will reconnect to the utility grid if the battery voltage decreases to the Connect to
Grid set point and remains there for the Delay time period. These items are shown in the tables
which begin on page 66.
While connected to the utility grid, the FXR charger can be set either On or Off. If the charger is
turned on, the inverter will proceed through a full charging cycle. Upon reaching the end of the
charging cycle, the inverter will disconnect from the grid.
If the inverter is connected to the utility grid and the charger is turned off, another source such as
renewable energy should be present to charge the batteries. The inverter will observe the
batteries as if it was charging. When the batteries reach the required voltage and time to end the
cycle, the inverter will disconnect from the grid. This means that the renewable source regulator
settings must be the same as the inverter (or higher). Check both settings as needed.
See page 29 for more information on the battery charging cycle.
BENEFITS:
Mini Grid mode allows a system to minimize or eliminate dependence on the utility grid. This is only
possible if certain conditions are met. See below.
NOTES:
The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries. See
page 38 for more information on Offset operation. However, Offset is inapplicable when the inverter
disconnects from an AC source. The renewable energy supports the inverting function instead.
This mode has similar priorities to the high-battery transfer (HBX) function used by a MATE3-class
system display. However, it is not compatible with HBX and cannot be used at the same time. When
using Mini Grid mode, the system display should disable HBX to prevent conflicts.
Mini Grid mode is also incompatible with the system display Grid Use Time and Load Grid Transfer
functions. These functions do not have similar priorities to Mini Grid or HBX, but they do control the
inverter’s grid connection and disconnection. Mini Grid should not be used with these functions.
When deciding whether to use Mini Grid mode or HBX, the user should consider aspects of each.
Mini Grid logic is based in the FXR inverter. After programming, it can function in the absence of the system
display. HBX logic is based in the system display. It cannot function unless the system display is installed
and operating.
Mini Grid can use utility grid power to fully recharge the batteries every time it reconnects to the grid.
HBX can only do so under specific circumstances.
HBX set points have a wide range of settings. Mini Grid uses settings which protect the batteries from
excessive discharge; however, most settings are automatic and do not allow customization.
HBX works more efficiently with a larger renewable source, but there is no specification for renewable size.
Mini Grid cannot work properly unless the renewable source is larger than the loads. If this condition is not
met, Mini Grid will not disconnect the inverter from the utility grid.
Mini Grid is one of seven inverter-level functions (modes) which share a single input. Selecting it prevents
any other input mode from being used. HBX is a system-level function which can be combined with the
settings of other input modes.
See the system display literature for more information on HBX mode, Grid Use Time, and
Load Grid Transfer.

Operation
20 900-0167-01-01 Rev A
GridZero
In GridZero mode, the FXR inverter remains grid-connected, but prioritizes the use of battery
or renewable sources to run loads. It uses only renewable energy to recharge the batteries.
The inverter tries to “zero” the grid use, drawing on AC power only when needed to supplement
stored DC sources. Note that the inverter draws up to 1 Aac regardless of the DC sources.
In a MATE3-class system display, the selectable options are DoD Volts and DoD Amps. The
inverter sends battery power to the loads when the batteries exceed the DoD Volts setting.
(12-, 24-, and 48-volt systems must exceed the setting by 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 Vdc respectively.)
As the battery voltage decreases to the DoD Volts setting, the inverter will reduce the rate of flow
toward zero. It will maintain the batteries at this setting.
The FXR inverter can manage large quantities of power. To prolong cycle life and increase
battery capacity, the rate of discharge can be limited using the DoD Amps setting. This item
should be set lower than the current provided by the renewable source.
When DoD Volts is set low, this mode allows more renewable energy to be delivered from the
batteries to the loads. However, it will also leave less battery reserve in the event of a grid failure.
When DoD Volts is set high, the batteries will not be discharged as deeply and will retain more of a
backup reserve. However, not as much renewable energy will be sent to the loads.
The renewable energy source needs to exceed the energy demand of all loads and possible
losses. The renewable source must also charge the batteries. The inverter does not charge the
batteries in GridZero mode.
BENEFITS:
This mode seamlessly blends the use of battery power and grid power. It puts renewable energy to
the most effective use without selling power to the utility grid.
GridZero mode minimizes dependence on the grid as long as certain conditions are met.
The inverter remains connected to the utility grid in case the grid is needed. If large loads require the
use of grid power, no transfer is necessary to support the loads.
This mode utilizes the Grid Support settings. The settings in the Grid Support menu, which are
specified by the governing electric code or utility company regulation, are used to control grid
connection. See page 39 for more information on this function.
NOTES:
IMPORTANT:
Setting DoD Volts too low will severely discharge the batteries. The battery bank may not
have sufficient reserve to provide backup in the event of a grid failure. To prevent the loss
of power, load use and the DoD Volts setting should be planned accordingly.
If the renewable energy source is not greater than the size of the inverter loads, this mode will not
work well over time. The renewable source must be capable of charging the batteries as well as
running the loads. This occurs when renewable energy production exceeds the DoD Amps setting.
The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries.
See page 38 for more information on Offset operation. However, the behavior of Offset in GridZero
mode is different because it uses the DoD Volts exclusively.
The inverter’s battery charger cannot be used in this mode. However, the charger menu settings and
timer operations are not changed when this mode is selected.
The battery should be discharged whenever possible in the attempt to “zero” the grid usage. If the
DoD Amps setting (or load demand) is too low, the renewable source will be prematurely curtailed.
The system will be unable to use the renewable energy and will then be more dependent on the grid.
The DoD Amps setting should be raised periodically until the renewable energy is fully utilized.