OutBack Power FXR2012E User manual

FXR Series Inverter/Charger
FXR2012E FXR2024E FXR2348E
VFXR2612E VFXR3024E VFXR3048E
O
p
erator’s Manual

About OutBack Power Technologies
OutBack Power Technologies is a leader in advanced energy conversion technology. OutBack products include true sine
wave inverter/chargers, maximum power point tracking charge controllers, and system communication components, as well
as circuit breakers, batteries, accessories, and assembled systems.
Grid/Hybrid™
As a leader in off-grid energy systems designed around energy storage, OutBack Power is an innovator in Grid/Hybrid system
technology, providing the best of both worlds: grid-tied system savings during normal or daylight operation, and off-grid
independence during peak energy times or in the event of a power outage or an emergency. Grid/Hybrid systems have the
intelligence, agility and interoperability to operate in multiple energy modes quickly, efficiently, and seamlessly, in order to
deliver clean, continuous and reliable power to residential and commercial users while maintaining grid stability.
Applicability
These instructions apply to OutBack inverter/charger models FXR2012E, FXR2024E, FXR2348E, VFXR2612E, VFXR3024E, and
VFXR3048E only.
Contact Information
Address: Corporate Headquarters
17825 – 59th Avenue N.E.
Suite B
Arlington, WA 98223 USA
European Office
Hansastrasse 8
D-91126
Schwabach, Germany
Telephone: [phone]
+1.360.618.4363 (Technical Support)
+1.360.435.6019 (Fax)
+49.9122.79889.0
+49.9122.79889.21 (Fax)
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://www.outbackpower.com
Disclaimer
UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, OUTBACK POWER TECHNOLOGIES:
(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER
INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.
(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR
INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE
ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.
OutBack Power Technologies cannot be responsible for system failure, damages, or injury resulting from improper
installation of their products.
Information included in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Notice of Copyright
FXR Inverter/Charger Operator’s Manual © 2015 by OutBack Power Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
Trademarks
OutBack Power, the OutBack Power logo, FLEXpower ONE, Grid/Hybrid, and OPTICS RE are trademarks owned and used by
OutBack Power Technologies, Inc. The ALPHA logo and the phrase “member of the Alpha Group” are trademarks owned and
used by Alpha Technologies Inc. These trademarks may be registered in the United States and other countries.
Date and Revision
October 2015, Revision B (firmware revision 001.006.xxx)
Part Number
900-0169-01-00 Rev B

900-0169-01-00 Rev B 3
Table of Contents
Introduction ..........................................................................................................7
Audience .................................................................................................................................................................................7
Symbols Used ........................................................................................................................................................................7
General Safety .......................................................................................................................................................................7
Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies.................................................................................................................8
Inverter Functions................................................................................................................................................................8
Inverter Controls...................................................................................................................................................................9
MATE3 System Display and Controller .....................................................................................................................................9
On/Off Switch..................................................................................................................................................................................10
Operation............................................................................................................11
LED Indicators..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Battery Indicators...........................................................................................................................................................................11
Status Indicators.............................................................................................................................................................................12
Inverter Functionality ...................................................................................................................................................... 13
AC Input Connection ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
Description of AC Input Modes.................................................................................................................................... 13
Generator..........................................................................................................................................................................................14
Support..............................................................................................................................................................................................14
Grid Tied............................................................................................................................................................................................15
Grid Interface Protection Menu ....................................................................................................................................................................16
Frequency and Phase Coordination............................................................................................................................................................17
UPS......................................................................................................................................................................................................17
Backup ...............................................................................................................................................................................................18
Mini Grid............................................................................................................................................................................................18
GridZero ............................................................................................................................................................................................19
Description of Inverter Operations ............................................................................................................................. 23
Inverting............................................................................................................................................................................................23
DC and AC Voltages ..........................................................................................................................................................................................23
AC Frequency ......................................................................................................................................................................................................24
Search.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
Input...................................................................................................................................................................................................25
AC Current Settings...........................................................................................................................................................................................26
AC Source Acceptance .....................................................................................................................................................................................26
Generator Input ..................................................................................................................................................................................................28
Transfer ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................28
Battery Charging ............................................................................................................................................................................29
Charge Current....................................................................................................................................................................................................29
Charge Cycle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................30
Advanced Battery Charging (ABC)...............................................................................................................................................................31
Charging Steps....................................................................................................................................................................................................31
New Charging Cycle..........................................................................................................................................................................................33
Equalization..........................................................................................................................................................................................................36
Battery Temperature Compensation..........................................................................................................................................................37
Offset..................................................................................................................................................................................................38
Multiple-Inverter Installations (Stacking)...............................................................................................................................39
Stacking Configurations ..............................................................................................................................................................40
Parallel Stacking (Dual-Stack and Larger) .................................................................................................................................................40
Three-Phase Stacking .......................................................................................................................................................................................40
Power Save ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................42

Table of Contents
4 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
Auxiliary Terminals ........................................................................................................................................................................45
System Display-Based Functions................................................................................................................................. 48
Advanced Generator Start (AGS) ..............................................................................................................................................48
Grid Functions.................................................................................................................................................................................48
High Battery Transfer (HBX)............................................................................................................................................................................48
Grid Use Time ......................................................................................................................................................................................................49
Load Grid Transfer .............................................................................................................................................................................................49
Firmware Updates............................................................................................................................................................. 49
Metering .............................................................................................................51
MATE3 Screens................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Inverter Screen................................................................................................................................................................................51
Battery Screen .................................................................................................................................................................................52
Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................53
Basic Troubleshooting..................................................................................................................................................... 53
Error Messages ................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Warning Messages............................................................................................................................................................ 59
Temperatures..................................................................................................................................................................................60
GT Warnings.....................................................................................................................................................................................60
Disconnect Messages ...................................................................................................................................................... 61
Sell Status............................................................................................................................................................................. 62
Specifications ......................................................................................................63
Electrical Specifications................................................................................................................................................... 63
Mechanical Specifications.............................................................................................................................................. 66
Environmental Specifications ....................................................................................................................................... 66
Temperature Derating..................................................................................................................................................................67
Regulatory Specifications............................................................................................................................................... 67
Certifications....................................................................................................................................................................................67
Compliance......................................................................................................................................................................................67
Summary of Operating Limits....................................................................................................................................... 69
Limiting Charge Current (Multiple Inverters) .......................................................................................................................69
Firmware Revision............................................................................................................................................................. 71
Default Settings and Ranges......................................................................................................................................... 72
Definitions............................................................................................................................................................................ 78
Index...................................................................................................................79

Table of Contents
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 5
List of Tables
Table 1Battery Indicator Values ............................................................................................................................. 11
Table 2Summary of Input Modes.......................................................................................................................... 21
Table 3Charge Currents for FXR Models............................................................................................................. 29
Table 4Offset Interaction with AC Source.......................................................................................................... 38
Table 5Aux Mode Functions ................................................................................................................................... 47
Table 6Comparison of Grid Functions................................................................................................................. 49
Table 7Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................................... 53
Table 8Error Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................ 58
Table 9Warning Troubleshooting......................................................................................................................... 59
Table 10Inverter Temps .............................................................................................................................................. 60
Table 11GT Warnings................................................................................................................................................... 60
Table 12Disconnect Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................... 61
Table 13 Sell Status Messages.................................................................................................................................... 62
Table 14Electrical Specifications for 12-Volt FXR Models ............................................................................... 63
Table 15Electrical Specifications for 24-Volt FXR Models ............................................................................... 64
Table 16Electrical Specifications for 48-Volt FXR Models ............................................................................... 65
Table 17Mechanical Specifications for FXR Models.......................................................................................... 66
Table 18Environmental Specifications for all FXR Models ............................................................................. 66
Table 19Operating Limits for all FXR Models ...................................................................................................... 69
Table 20Chargers On and Current Settings ......................................................................................................... 70
Table 21Charge Currents for Calculations............................................................................................................ 71
Table 22FXR Settings for 12-Volt Models.............................................................................................................. 72
Table 23FXR Settings for 24-Volt Models.............................................................................................................. 74
Table 24FXR Settings for 48-Volt Models.............................................................................................................. 76
Table 25Terms and Definitions................................................................................................................................. 78

Table of Contents
6 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
List of Figures
Figure 1FXR Series Inverter/Charger with Turbo Fan .........................................................................................8
Figure 2MATE3 and AXS Port ................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3LED Indicators................................................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 4Inverter Status LED Indicators.................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 5Charging Stages Over Time...................................................................................................................... 30
Figure 6Charging Stages Over Time (24/7) ......................................................................................................... 30
Figure 7Repeated Charging (1st and 2nd Cycles) ................................................................................................ 34
Figure 8Repeated Charging (3rd, 4th, and 5th Cycles) ........................................................................................ 35
Figure 9OutBack HUB10.3 and MATE3.................................................................................................................. 39
Figure 10Example of Parallel Stacking Arrangement (Three Inverters)....................................................... 40
Figure 11Example of Three-Phase Stacking Arrangement (Three Inverters) ............................................ 41
Figure 12Example of Three-Phase Stacking Arrangement (Nine Inverters) .............................................. 41
Figure 13Power Save Levels and Loads .................................................................................................................. 42
Figure 14Power Save Priority (Parallel) ................................................................................................................... 44
Figure 15Power Save Priority (Three-Phase) ......................................................................................................... 44
Figure 16Home Screen.................................................................................................................................................. 51
Figure 17Inverter Screens ............................................................................................................................................ 51
Figure 18Battery Screen................................................................................................................................................ 52
Figure 19AC Test Points................................................................................................................................................ 53
Figure 20Temperature Derating................................................................................................................................ 67

900-0169-01-00 Rev B 7
Introduction
Audience
This manual provides instructions for setup and operation of the product. It does not cover
installation. The manual is intended to be used by anyone required to operate the FXR Series
Inverter/Charger. Operators must be familiar with all the safety regulations pertaining to operating
power equipment of this type as required by local code. Operators are advised to have basic electrical
knowledge and a complete understanding of this equipment’s features and functions. Do not use this
product unless it has been installed by a qualified installer in accordance with the FXR Series
Inverter/Charger Installation Manual.
Symbols Used
WARNING: Hazard to Human Life
This type of notation indicates that the hazard could be harmful to human life.
CAUTION: Hazard to Equipment
This type of notation indicates that the hazard may cause damage to the equipment.
IMPORTANT:
This type of notation indicates that the information provided is important to the
installation, operation and/or maintenance of the equipment. Failure to follow the
recommendations in such a notation could result in voiding the equipment warranty.
MORE INFORMATION
When this symbol appears next to text, it means that more information is available in other
manuals relating to the subject. The most common reference is to the FXR Series Inverter/Charger
Installation Manual. Another common reference is the system display manual.
General Safety
WARNING: Limitations on Use
This equipment is NOT intended for use with life support equipment or other medical
equipment or devices.
WARNING: Reduced Protection
If this product is used in a manner not specified by FXR product literature, the product’s
internal safety protection may be impaired.
CAUTION: Equipment Damage
Only use components or accessories recommended or sold by OutBack Power
Technologies or its authorized agents.

Introduction
8 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
Welcome to OutBack Power Technologies
Thank you for purchasing the OutBack FXR Series Inverter/Charger. It is designed to offer a complete
power conversion system between batteries and AC power.
As part of an OutBack Grid/Hybrid™ system, it can provide off-grid power, grid backup power, or
grid-interactive service which sells excess renewable energy back to the utility.
Figure 1 FXR Series Inverter/Charger with Turbo Fan
Inverter Functions
Battery-to-AC inverting which delivers power to run backup loads and other functions
Provides single-phase output
Adjustable range of output voltage
Settable nominal output frequency
AC-to-battery charging (OutBack systems are battery-based)
Accepts a wide variety of single-phase AC sources
Uses battery energy stored from renewable resources
Can utilize stored energy from many sources (PV arrays, wind turbines, etc.)
OutBack FLEXmax charge controllers will optimize PV power production as part of a Grid/Hybrid system
Rapid transfer between AC source and inverter output with minimal delay time

Introduction
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 9
Uses the MATE3™ System Display and Controller or the AXS Port™ SunSpec Modbus Interface (sold
separately) for user interface as part of a Grid/Hybrid system
MATE3 must have firmware revision 003.007.xxx or higher
Supports the OPTICS RE™ online tool1for a cloud-based remote monitoring and control application
Requires the MATE3 or the AXS Port
Visit www.outbackpower.com to download
Uses the HUB10.3™ Communications Manager for stacking as part of a Grid/Hybrid system
~Stackable in parallel and three-phase configurations
Certified to IEC 62109-1 and IEC 62109-2
Field-upgradeable firmware (from www.outbackpower.com); requires MATE3 or AXS Port
Seven selectable input modes for different applications
Generator
Support
Grid Tied (available in 24-volt and 48-models only)
UPS
Backup
Mini Grid
GridZero
Single AC input with dual input programming; individualized modes and priorities can be selected when
switching from utility grid to AC generator
external transfer device required
system display required for individual programming
NOTE: This product has a settable AC output range. In this book, many references to the output refer
to the entire range. However, some references are made to 230 Vac or 50 Hz output. These are
intended as examples only.
Inverter Controls
The FXR inverter has no external controls. It can operate normally without an external control or
interface. Basic modes and settings are pre-programmed at the factory. (See the menu tables
beginning on page 72.) However, external communication devices such as the OutBack MATE3 or
AXS Port can be used to operate or program the inverter.
MATE3 System Display and Controller
The MATE3 System Display and Controller (sold separately) is designed to accommodate
programming and monitoring of a Grid/Hybrid power system. The MATE3 provides the means to
adjust the factory default settings to correctly match the installation where needed. It provides the
means to monitor system performance and troubleshoot fault or shutdown conditions. It also has
data logging and interface functions using the Internet.
Once settings are modified using a MATE3, the MATE3 can be removed from the installation. The
settings are stored in the nonvolatile memory of the FXR inverter. However, it is highly recommended
1 Outback Power Technologies Intuitive Control System for Renewable Energy

Introduction
10 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
to include a MATE3 as part of the system. This provides the means to monitor system performance
and respond quickly should it be necessary to correct a fault or shutdown condition.
The MATE3’s Configuration Wizard is capable of automatically configuring inverters to a series of
preset values. This is often more efficient than attempting to manually program each setting in each
inverter. Affected fields include system type, battery charging, and AC source configuration.
IMPORTANT:
The MATE3 system display must have firmware revision 003.007.xxx or higher.
IMPORTANT:
Some functions are not based in the inverter, but are part of the MATE3 firmware.
They will not function if the system display is removed. These functions are listed
beginning on page 48.
IMPORTANT:
The FXR inverter is only compatible with the MATE3 System Display and Controller.
It is not intended for use with the OutBack MATE or MATE2 products.
The FXR inverter can use the OPTICS RE online tool as a system display.
OPTICS RE must be used in conjunction with the MATE3 or with the AXS Port
SunSpec Modbus Interface.
Figure 2MATE3 and AXS Port
On/Off Switch
If a system display is not in use, the inverter can be equipped with a switch to turn it on and off. This
switch is not sold as an inverter accessory; a common toggle switch can be used. The switch is wired
to the INVERTER ON/OFF auxiliary terminals. (See the FXR Series Inverter/Charger Installation Manual
for more information on wiring the switch.)
This switch turns only the inverter on and off. It does not turn the charger or any other function on or
off. All inverter functions will operate according to their programmed settings. Functions included
with a system display will not be available.

900-0169-01-00 Rev B 11
Operation
LED Indicators
Figure 3 LED Indicators
Battery Indicators
The Battery LED indicators show the approximate battery state. (See IMPORTANT note below.) The
Battery indicators and the Inverter Status indicators are independent. They may accompany each other
depending on conditions. Common combinations are noted on page 12.
A green indicator (FULL) means the batteries have an adequate charge at that time. It does not always mean
they are full. It may be accompanied by a yellow Status indicator when an AC source is charging.
A yellow indicator (OK) means the batteries are somewhat discharged.
A red indicator (LOW) means the batteries are greatly discharged and may require attention. It may be
accompanied by a red Status indicator to indicate a low battery error.
Table 1 Battery Indicator Values
Color 12 Vdc Unit 24 Vdc Unit, ± 0.2 Vdc 48 Vdc Unit, ± 0.4 Vdc Battery Status
GREEN 12.5 Vdc or higher 25.0 Vdc or higher 50.0 Vdc or higher ACCEPTABLE
YELLOW 11.5 to 12.4 Vdc 23.0 to 24.8 Vdc 46.0 to 49.6 Vdc MARGINAL
RED 11.4 Vdc or lower 22.8 Vdc or lower 45.6 Vdc or lower LOW
NOTES:
Gaps in the table (higher-voltage units) are due to the resolution of the inverter’s DC meter.
These voltage settings are not the same as the Low Battery Cut-Out (LBCO) set point. (See page 23.) The Battery indicator
settings cannot be changed.
Voltages higher than shown in the GREEN row usually show that the batteries are charging.
IMPORTANT:
Due to different system states, battery voltage does not always indicate an accurate state of charge. It is
accurate if batteries have been at rest for several hours at room temperature (25°C or 77°F, or as specified
by the battery manufacturer). If they have any loads, a charging source, or are at another temperature,
their voltage may not reflect their true state. The OutBack FLEXnet DC is a battery monitor that can be
added to the system to provide accurate measurements.
Status Indicators
Battery
Indicators
AUX Indicator (see page 45)

Operation
12 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
Status Indicators
Figure 4 Inverter Status LED Indicators
1
2
3
STATUS INVERTER (Green):
Solid
: The FXR inverter is on and providing power.

If accompanied by a solid yellow AC IN indicator (2), the
inverter is also connected to the utility grid with an AC input
mode that uses both inverter power and grid power
(Support, Grid Tied, or GridZero).

See page 13 for descriptions of AC input modes.
Flashing
: The inverter has been turned on but is idle.

The inverter is likely in Search mode. See page 24.
Off
: The inverter is off. It is not waiting to provide power.

See the system display manual to turn the inverter on.

Any power present is from another source such as the utility grid
or generator.

The inverter may also be a slave that is in Silent mode due to the
Power Save function. If so, the master inverter may still be
providing power to the system.

See page 42 for a description of Power Save.
AC IN (Yellow):
Solid:
The AC source is connected and providing power.

The FXR inverter may or may not be charging the batteries, depending on settings.

May be accompanied by green STATUS INVERTER indicator (1).
Flashing
: The AC source is present but has not been accepted.

If flashing continues, the FXR inverter is refusing the source. See the Troubleshooting section on page 53
.
Off
: No AC source is detected.

If a source is supposed to be present, see the Troubleshooting section on page 53.
ERROR (Red):
Solid: Error. The inverter has shut down due to a critical problem which may be internal or external.

This indicator is accompanied by an error message in the system display.

See page 58 for a description of error messages.
Flashing
: Warning. The inverter has detected a non-critical problem but has not yet shut down.

A warning does not always lead to a shutdown — if it does, it becomes an error.

This indicator is accompanied by a warning message in the system display.

See page 59 for a description of warning messages.
Off
: No problems are detected.

Operation
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 13
Inverter Functionality
The FXR inverter can be used for many applications. Some of the inverter’s operations occur
automatically. Others are conditional or must be enabled manually before they will operate.
Most of the inverter’s individual operations and functions can be programmed using the system
display. This allows customization or fine tuning of the inverter’s performance.
Before operating the inverter:
The operator needs to define the application and decide which functions will be needed. The FXR
inverter is programmed with many AC input modes. Each mode has certain advantages which make it
ideal for a particular application. Some modes contain functions unique to that mode.
The modes are described in detail following this section. To help decide which mode will be used, the
basic points of each mode are compared in Table 2 on page 21.
Apart from the input modes, FXR inverters possess a set of common functions or operations. These
operations are described in detail beginning on page 23. Most of these items operate the same
regardless of which input mode is selected. The exceptions are noted where appropriate.
Each distinct mode, function, or operation is accompanied by a symbol representing the inverter and
that operation:
The symbols may have other features depending on the operation.
AC Input Connection
The FXR inverter has one set of input connections. Only one AC source can be physically wired to it at
any time. However, two different AC sources can be used with an external transfer switch. It is
common for backup or grid-interactive systems to use the utility grid as the primary source, but switch
to a gas- or diesel-powered generator in emergencies. The inverter can be programmed with separate
input criteria for each source.
The inverter’s two input selections can be programmed for separate input modes (see below). The
selection (Grid or Gen) can be chosen in the AC Input and Current Limit menu. (See the menu tables
beginning on page 72.)
NOTE: The input types are labeled for grid and generator due to common conventions, not because
of inverter requirements. Each selection can accept any AC source as long as it meets the
requirements of the FXR inverter and the selected input mode. If necessary, the Gen selection can
accept grid power. The opposite is also true.
Description of AC Input Modes
These modes control aspects of how the inverter interacts with AC input sources. Each mode is
intended to optimize the inverter for a particular application. The names of the modes are Generator,
Support, Grid Tied, UPS, Backup, Mini Grid, and GridZero. The modes are summarized and compared
in Table 2. See page 21.
AC IN AC OUT
DC
T
RANSFER
These items represent the input from the AC
source, the output to the AC loads, DC functions
(inverting, charging, etc.), and the transfer relay.
Arrows on each symbol represent power flow.

Operation
14 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
When multiple inverters are stacked together in parallel, the master inverter’s input mode is imposed
on all slaves. (See the stacking section on page 39.) The slave settings are not changed; they retain
any mode that was previously programmed. However, the slave will ignore its programmed mode
and use that of the master. This also applies to any parameters in the mode menu (Voltage Limit,
Connect Delay, and so on).
The following pages compare the various functions of each input mode.
Generator
The Generator mode allows the use of a wide range of AC sources, including generators with a rough
or imperfect AC waveform. In other modes, a “noisy” or irregular waveform may not be accepted by
the inverter. (Self-excited induction generators may require this mode when used with the inverter.)
Generator allows these waveforms to be accepted. The charging algorithm of this mode is designed
to work well with AC generators regardless of power quality or regulation mechanism. The generator
must still comply with the inverter’s nominal input specifications. (See page 25.)
BENEFITS:

The FXR inverter will charge the batteries from the generator even when the generator is undersized, of low
quality, or has other problems. See page 28 for recommended parameters for sizing a generator.
If the utility grid is unstable or unreliable, Generator mode may allow the inverter to accept the power.
A programmable delay time is available which will allow a generator to stabilize before connection. In the
MATE3, this menu item is Connect Delay. It is available in both the Grid AC Input Mode and Limits and the
Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menus, depending on which input is being programmed.
NOTES:

Any AC fluctuations that are accepted by the inverter will be transferred to the output. The loads will be
exposed to these fluctuations. It may not be advisable to install sensitive loads under these conditions.
The name of Generator mode does not mean that the inverter requires a generator input when using this
mode. The use of this mode does not require the use of the Gen input type; either selection can be used.
Conversely, the inverter is not required to be placed in this mode because a generator is installed.
Support
The Support mode is intended for systems that use the utility grid or a generator. In some cases the
amount of current available from the source is limited due to size, wiring, or other reasons. If large
loads need to be run, the FXR inverter augments (supports) the AC source. The inverter uses battery
power and additional sources to ensure that the loads receive the power they demand.
In the MATE3 system display, the Grid Input AC Limit dictates the maximum AC draw for the Grid
input. The Gen Input AC Limit sets the maximum draw for the Gen input. The Support function takes
effect if the AC demand on either input exceeds the AC Limit setting.
BENEFITS:

Large inverter loads can be powered while staying connected to the AC input, even if the input is limited.
The added battery power prevents overload of the input source, but the batteries are not in constant use.
The FXR inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries. See
page 38 for more information.

Operation
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 15
NOTES:
IMPORTANT:
The inverter will draw energy from the batteries when the loads exceed the
appropriate AC Limit. With sustained loads and no other DC source, the batteries may
discharge to the Low Battery Cut-Out point. The inverter will shut down with a Low
Battery error. (See pages 23 and 58.) To prevent the loss of power, load use should be
planned accordingly.
IMPORTANT:
A “noisy” or irregular AC source may prevent Support from working normally. The
inverter will transfer the power, but will not support the source, charge the batteries, or
interact with the current in any other way. This problem is more common with
generators smaller than the wattage of the inverter.
A programmable delay time is available which will allow an AC source to stabilize before connection. In the
MATE3, this menu item is Connect Delay. It is available in both the Grid AC Input Mode and Limits and the
Gen AC Input Mode and Limits menus, depending on which input is being programmed.
Because the inverter limits the current draw from the AC source, it will reduce the charge rate as necessary
to support the loads. If the loads equal the appropriate AC Limit setting, the charge rate will be zero.
If the AC loads exceed the AC Limit setting, the Support function is activated. Instead of charging, the
inverter will take power from the batteries and use it to support the incoming AC current.
The Support function is not available in any other input mode.
Grid Tied
IMPORTANT:
Selling power to the utility company requires the authorization of the local electric
jurisdiction. How the utility company accommodates this will depend on their policies
on the issue. Some may pay for power sold; others may issue credit. Some policies may
prohibit the use of this mode altogether. Please check with the utility company and
obtain their permission before using this mode.
The Grid Tied mode allows the FXR inverter to become grid-interactive. This means that in addition to
using power from the utility grid for charging and loads, the inverter can also convert excess battery
power and sell it to the utility grid. Excess battery power usually comes from renewable energy
sources, such as PV arrays, hydroelectric turbines, and wind turbines.
NOTE: This mode is not available in 12-volt FXR models. It does not appear on the system display’s
list of available input modes.
The grid-interactive function uses Offset operation. See page 38 for more information.
BENEFITS:

Excess power is returned to the utility grid.
The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries.
If the excess energy is greater than the AC demand (the load size), the excess will be sold to the grid.

Operation
16 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
NOTES:
The inverter has a delay before selling will begin. This function, the Re-Connect Delay Timer, has a default
setting of one minute. During this time, the inverter will not connect to the utility grid. The timer is adjustable
in the Grid Interface Protection menu (see below).
Upon initial connection to the utility grid, the inverter may be required to perform a battery charging cycle.
This may delay the operation of the grid-interactive function.
The grid-interactive function only operates when excess DC (renewable) power is available.
The grid-interactive function is not available in any of the other input modes.
When power is returned to the utility grid, it may be possible to reverse the utility meter. However, this
depends on other loads in the system. Loads on the main panel (not on the inverter’s output) may consume
power as fast as it is sold. The meter would not run backwards, even if the system display showed the
inverter selling power. The result of selling would be to reduce AC power consumption, not reverse it.
The amount of power an inverter can sell is not necessarily equal to its specified output wattage. The
Maximum Sell Current can be decreased if it is necessary to limit the power sold. This item is available in
the Grid Interface Protection menu (see below).
The amount of power that is sold is controlled by the utility grid voltage. The wattage sold equals this
voltage multiplied by the current. For example, if the inverter sells 15 amps and the voltage is 231 Vac,
the inverter will sell 3.47 kVA. If the voltage is 242 Vac, the inverter will sell 3.63 kVA. Additionally,
output will vary with inverter temperature, battery type, and other conditions.
This recommendation is specifically for the inverter’s grid-interactive function. In some cases, the
source may be sized larger to account for environmental conditions or the presence of DC loads. This
depends on individual site requirements.
Grid Interface Protection Menu
Due to varying requirements in different locations around the world, the grid-interactive settings are
adjustable. These adjustments are made in the Grid Interface Protection menu.
This menu is only available to operators with installer-level access. There are firm rules concerning the
acceptable voltage range, frequency range, clearance time during power loss, and reconnect delay when
exporting power to the utility. Generally it is expected that the end user cannot alter the settings.
The installer password must be changed from the default in order to get access to these settings. Once this
password has been changed, the settings can only be accessed with the MATE3 installer password.
See the tables beginning on page 72 for the locations of all menu items in the MATE3 menus.
The grid-interactive function can only operate while the utility grid power is stable and within specific limits.
In Grid Tied mode, the inverter will operate in accordance with the Grid Interface Protection settings.
The default settings and ranges are listed in the tables which begin on page 72.
If the AC voltage or frequency vary outside the Grid Interface Protection limits, the inverter will
disconnect from the utility grid to prevent selling under unacceptable conditions. These limits override
the AC source acceptance limits described on page 26, which are used in other input modes. The
inverter will not reconnect until the source is acceptable for the duration of the Re-Connect Delay Timer.
If the inverter stops selling or disconnects due to Grid Interface Protection, the MATE3 will show the
reason. Sell Status messages are listed on page 62. Disconnect messages are listed on page 61. Often
these messages will be the same.
Before operating in Grid Tied mode, contact the utility company that provides power to the installation.
They can provide information regarding the rules that must be followed in order to export power back
to the utility. The items in the following list are the selectable Grid Interface Protection options. The
utility company may need to review these items to make certain their standards are met.

Operation
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 17
The utility may simply name a standard to be followed. It may be necessary to look up the requirements
for a local standard and program them accordingly.
See the tables beginning on page 72 for the default settings and ranges.
Frequency and Phase Coordination
Several other inverter adjustments are located in the Grid Interface Protection menu. These sensitive
items can only be changed with installer-level access.
The FXR inverter’s operating frequency can be selected to either 50 or 60 Hz using the Grid Interface
Protection menu. This setting changes the inverter’s input acceptance parameters, as well as its output.
See page 24 for more information on the inverter’s frequency.
The FXR inverter’s stacking function includes the option called Multi-Phase Coordination. The selectable
menu item is Coordinated AC Connect/Disconnect. The default setting is No. If selected to Yes, the AC
source is required to deliver appropriate input to all inverters in a stacked system. If the master or subphase
master inverters do not sense an acceptable AC source, the entire system disconnects from the source.
None of the inverters will reconnect until the source is acceptable for the duration of the appropriate timer.
If the inverter is in Grid Tied mode, the Re-Connect Delay timer is used.
If the inverter is any other AC input mode, the Connect Delay timer is used.
See pages 25 and 27 for more information on input acceptance and the transfer function.
See page 39 for more information on the stacking function and subphase master inverters.
See the tables beginning on page 72 for the default settings and ranges.
UPS
In UPS mode, the FXR parameters have been optimized to reduce the response time. If the utility grid
becomes unstable or is interrupted, the inverter can transfer to inverting with the fastest possible
response time. This allows the system to support sensitive AC loads with minimal interruption.
BENEFITS:
Constant power is provided to the loads with virtually no drop in voltage or current.
NOTES:
Due to the need for the FXR inverter to react quickly to AC source fluctuations, it must remain fully active at
all times. The inverter requires a continuous consumption of 42 watts.
For this reason, the Search function does not operate in this mode. (See page 24.)
Failure
Frequency Trip
Over Frequency Clearance Time (seconds)
Over Frequency Trip (Hertz)
Under Frequency Clearance Time (seconds)
Under Frequency Trip (Hertz)
NOTE: The Frequency Trip settings are dependent
on the inverter’s operating frequency, which must be
set correctly.
Mains Loss
Clearance Time (seconds)
Reconnect Delay (seconds)
STAGE 1 Voltage (basic settings)
Over Voltage Clearance Time (seconds)
Over Voltage Trip (AC Voltage)
Under Voltage Clearance Time (seconds)
Under Voltage Trip (AC Voltage)
STAGE 2 Voltage (if required by utility)
Over Voltage Clearance Time (seconds)
Over Voltage Trip (AC Voltage)
Under Voltage Clearance Time (seconds)
Under Voltage Trip (AC Voltage)

Operation
18 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
Backup
The Backup mode is intended for systems that have utility grid available as the primary AC source.
This source will pass through the FXR inverter’s transfer circuit and will power the loads unless utility
power is lost. If utility grid power is lost, then the inverter will supply energy to the loads from the
battery bank. When the utility power returns, it will be used to power the loads again.
BENEFITS:
This mode will continuously maintain the batteries in a fully-charged state, unlike the Support mode. It
does not have the overhead consumption of the UPS mode.
Mini Grid
In Mini Grid mode, the FXR inverter automatically rejects an AC source and runs solely from battery
(and renewable) energy. The inverter only connects to the AC source (usually the utility grid) when
the batteries run too low.
The FXR inverter runs on battery-supplied power for as long as the batteries can be sustained. It is
expected that the batteries will also be charged from renewable sources such as PV. When the
batteries become depleted, the system reconnects to the utility grid to operate the loads.
The inverter will reconnect to the utility grid if the battery voltage decreases to the Connect to Grid
set point and remains there for the Delay time period. These items are shown in the tables which
begin on page 72.
While connected to the utility grid, the FXR charger can be set either on or off. If the charger is turned
on, the inverter will proceed through a full charging cycle. Upon reaching float stage, the inverter will
disconnect from the grid.
If the inverter is connected to the utility grid and the charger is turned off, another DC source such as
renewable energy should be present to charge the batteries. The inverter will observe the batteries as
if it was performing the charge. When the batteries reach the required voltages and charging times to
achieve float stage, the inverter will disconnect from the grid. This means that the regulator for the
renewable source must be set to the same settings as the inverter (or higher). Check the settings of
both devices as needed.
See page 28 for more information on the battery charging cycle.
BENEFITS:
Mini Grid mode allows a system to minimize or eliminate dependence on the utility grid. This is only
possible if certain conditions are met. See below.
NOTES:
The FXR inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries.
See page 38 for more information on Offset operation. However, the Offset function is inapplicable when
the inverter disconnects from an AC source. The renewable energy supports the inverting function instead.
This mode has similar priorities to the high-battery transfer (HBX) function used by the MATE3 system
display. However, it is not compatible with HBX and cannot be used at the same time. When using Mini
Grid mode, the system display should disable HBX to prevent conflicts.
Failure

Operation
900-0169-01-00 Rev B 19
Mini Grid mode is also incompatible with the Grid Use Time and Load Grid Transfer functions of the MATE3
system display. These functions do not have similar priorities to Mini Grid or HBX, but they do control the
inverter’s connection and disconnection with the grid. Mini Grid should not be used with these functions.
When deciding whether to use Mini Grid mode or HBX, the user should consider the aspects of each.
Mini Grid logic is based in the FXR inverter and can function in the absence of the MATE3. HBX logic is
based in the MATE3 and cannot function unless the MATE3 is installed and operating.
Mini Grid can use utility grid power to fully recharge the batteries every time it reconnects to the grid.
HBX can only do so under specific circumstances.
HBX set points have a wide range of settings. Mini Grid uses settings intended to protect the batteries
from excessive discharge; however, most of its settings are automatic and do not allow customization.
HBX works more efficiently with a larger renewable source, but there is no specification for renewable
size. Mini Grid cannot work properly unless the source is larger than the size of the loads. If this
condition is not met, Mini Grid will not disconnect the inverter from the utility grid.
Mini Grid is one of seven inverter-level functions (modes) which share a single input. Selecting it
prevents any other input mode from being used. HBX is a system-level function which can be
combined with the settings of other input modes.
See Table 6 on page 49 for a comparison summary. Pages 48 and 49 have more information on HBX,
Grid Use Time, Load Grid Transfer, and other functions of the system display.
GridZero
In GridZero mode, the FXR inverter remains grid-connected, but prioritizes the use of battery or
renewable sources to run loads. It uses only renewable energy to recharge the batteries. The inverter
tries to “zero” the use of the utility grid, drawing on AC power only when needed to supplement
stored DC sources. Note that the inverter draws up to 1 Aac regardless of the DC sources.
In the MATE3 system display, the selectable options are DoD Volts and DoD Amps. The inverter sends
battery power to the loads when the batteries exceed the DoD Volts setting. (12-, 24-, and 48-volt
systems must exceed the setting by 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 Vdc respectively.) As the battery voltage decreases
to DoD Volts, the inverter reduces the current toward zero. It will maintain the batteries at this setting.
The FXR inverter can manage large quantities of power. To prevent damage to the batteries from
rapid discharge, the rate of discharge can be limited using the DoD Amps setting. This item should be
set lower than the current provided by the renewable source.
When DoD Volts is set low, this mode allows more renewable energy to be delivered from the batteries to
the loads. However, it will also leave less of a battery reserve in the event of a grid failure.
When DoD Volts is set high, the batteries will not be discharged as deeply and will retain more of a backup
reserve. However, not as much renewable energy will be sent to the loads.
The renewable energy source needs to exceed the size of all loads and possible losses. The renewable
source must also charge the batteries. The inverter does not charge the batteries in GridZero mode.
BENEFITS:
This mode seamlessly blends the use of battery power and grid power. It puts renewable energy to the
most effective use without selling power to the utility grid.
GridZero mode minimizes dependence on the grid as long as certain conditions are met.
The inverter remains connected to the utility grid in case the grid is needed. If large loads require the use of
grid power, no transfer is necessary to support the loads.

Operation
20 900-0169-01-00 Rev B
NOTES
:
IMPORTANT:
Setting DoD Volts too low will severely discharge the batteries. The battery bank may
not have sufficient reserve to provide backup in the event of a grid failure. To prevent
the loss of power, load use and the DoD Volts setting should be planned accordingly.
If the renewable energy source is not greater than the size of the inverter loads, this mode will not work well
over time. The renewable source must be capable of charging the batteries as well as running the loads.
This occurs when renewable energy production exceeds the DoD Amps setting.
The inverter will offset the loads with excess renewable energy if it is available from the batteries. See
page 38 for more information on Offset operation. However, the behavior of Offset in Grid Zero mode is
different because it uses the DoD Volts exclusively.
The inverter’s battery charger cannot be used in this mode. However, the charger menu settings and timer
operations are not changed when this mode is selected.
The battery should be discharged whenever possible in the attempt to “zero” the grid usage. If the DoD
Amps setting is limited or loads are not present, the batteries will be unable to accept much renewable
recharging the next time it is available. The renewable energy will be wasted, leaving the system
dependent on the utility grid more than necessary.