PairGain HIGAIN HRU-412 User manual

HIGAIN REMOTE UNIT
PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL PRACTICE
™150-412-192-02Z¨
SECTION 150-412-192-02
Model List Number Part Number CLEI Code
HRU-412 9B 150-1103-92 T1L2CCTAAA

150-412-192-02, Revision 02
ii November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
Revision History of This Practice
©Copyright 1998 PairGain Technologies, Inc.
PairGain and HiGain are registered trademarks of PairGain Technologies, Inc.
Information containedin thisdocumentis company privateto PairGain Technologies,Inc.,
and shall not be modified, used, copied, reproduced or disclosed in whole or in part without
the written consent of PairGain.
Other product names mentioned in this practice are used for identification purposes only
and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Revision Release Date Revisions Made
01 May 27, 1998 Initial Release
02 November 18, 1998 Updated table information

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Using This Technical Practice
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 iii
USING THIS TECHNICAL PRACTICE
Two types of messages, identified by icons, appear in the text.
Notes contain information about special circumstances.
Cautions indicate the possibility of equipment damage or
the possibility of personal injury.

Using This Technical Practice 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
iv November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Table of Contents
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Product Overview________________________________________ 1
Front Panel...............................................................................3
Card Edge Pin-Out Diagram....................................................7
Backplane User Options .......................................................... 8
Sealing Current (SCURR)......................................... 9
Interface-Customer Premises Equipment (I-CPE) .... 9
Superframe Remote Alarm Indicator (SF-RAI)...... 10
Receive Level (RLEV)............................................ 10
Applications........................................................................... 11
Installation ____________________________________________ 12
Inspecting Your Shipment ..................................................... 12
Shelf Compatability ............................................................... 12
Installing the HRU-412.......................................................... 13
Connecting to a Terminal Emulator....................................... 14
Logging On and Using the Terminal Menus ......................... 16
Maintenance Terminal Main Menu Descriptions.... 19
Navigating the HRU Maintenance Menus .............. 20
View Span Status..................................................... 20
Set Clock ................................................................. 26
System Settings ....................................................... 27
View Performance Data .......................................... 30
View Performance History...................................... 32
View Alarm History................................................ 35
Inventory Screen...................................................... 38
Loopback Menu....................................................... 39
Remote Logoff......................................................... 41

Table of Contents 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
vi November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
Loopback Design Description................................................42
HRU Loopbacks.......................................................43
HLU Loopbacks.......................................................44
Loopback Test Procedures.......................................46
Special PM and Test Features _____________________________50
General PM Applications.......................................................50
Summary of PM Features.......................................................51
Alarm Indicating Signal-Customer
Interface (AIS-CI).............................................51
Remote Alarm Indication-Customer
Interface (RAI-CI) ............................................51
SuperFrame Remote Indication Signal (SF-RAI)....52
Real-Time Reporting of PRM and SPRM...............52
On Demand Reporting of Performance Data...........53
Alarm Indication Signal-Customer Interface.........................54
Remote Alarm Indication-Customer Interface.......................54
SuperFrame-Remote Alarm Indicator....................................55
Real Time Reporting of PRM and SPRM..............................55
SF to ESF Frame Format Conversion......................56
Frame Bit Error Transparency.................................56
Performance Report Messages.................................57
Supplemental Performance Report Messages..........58
Mode Analysis and SF/ESF Conversion..................59
On Demand Reporting of Performance Data .........................62
Monitored Events.....................................................63

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Table of Contents
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 vii
Stored Sectionalized Events................................................... 64
Sectionalized Event Definitions .............................. 64
Inband Retrieval of Stored Sectionalized
Events............................................................... 65
ESF DL Retrieval of Stored Sectionalized
Events............................................................... 65
Front Panel Access to Stored Sectionalized
Events............................................................... 66
Clearing of Sectionalization and PM Data.............. 66
Blockage Indicator................................................... 66
Performance Data Screen Displays........................................ 67
Set Clock Screen...................................................... 67
Main Menu Screen .................................................. 68
Current Status Screen .............................................. 69
Blockage Indicator History Screen.......................... 71
Sectionalized Event History Screen ........................ 72
Performance 15-Minute History Screen.................. 75
Performance 1-Day History Screen......................... 77
Set Date/Time Screen.............................................. 79
Signal Generator Screen.......................................... 80
Provisioning Settings............................................... 82
Frame Format Auto Conversion.............................. 83
Reset PM Registers.................................................. 83
Reset Sectionalize Registers.................................... 83
Set Circuit ID........................................................... 83
Reset Provisioning Option to Default Settings........ 84

Table of Contents 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
viii November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
Appendix A: Additional Information _______________________85
Functional Description ...........................................................85
Local and Line Powering.........................................86
Abbreviations .........................................................................88
Specifications .........................................................................90
Appendix B: Product Support _____________________________92
Warranty ..................................................................93
Certification............................................................................93
UL Recognized.......................................................................94
CSA Certification...................................................................94
Standards Compliance............................................................94

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 List of Figures
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 ix
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Typical HiGain System........................................................... 1
Figure 2. Front Panel.............................................................................. 3
Figure 3. HRU-412 Card Edge Pin-outs ................................................ 7
Figure 4. Backplane User Option Locations.......................................... 8
Figure 5. HRU-412 Installed in a Remote Enclosure........................... 13
Figure 6. DB-9 RS-232 Input/Output................................................... 14
Figure 7. Connecting to a Terminal Emulator...................................... 15
Figure 8. Main Menu Local Log in Screen.......................................... 16
Figure 9. Remote Log in Menu Screen................................................ 17
Figure 10. Main Menu Remote Log in Screen..................................... 18
Figure 11. View Span Status Screen for Non-doubler Applications.... 21
Figure 12. Two Doublers, Span 3 Screen............................................. 22
Figure 13. Set Clock Screen................................................................. 26
Figure 14. System Settings................................................................... 27
Figure 15. Performance Data Screen.................................................... 30
Figure 16. Two Doublers, Span 3 Performance Data........................... 31
Figure 17. Performance History Screen (Non-Doubler)...................... 33
Figure 18. Two Doublers, Span 3 Performance Data Screen............... 34
Figure 19. Alarm History Screen (Non-Doubler) ................................ 35
Figure 20. Two Doublers, Span 3 Alarm History ................................ 37
Figure 21. System Inventory................................................................ 38
Figure 22. Loopback Menu: No Doubler............................................. 39
Figure 23. Loopback Menu with Four Doublers.................................. 40
Figure 24. HiGain System Loopbacks .................................................43
Figure 25. Remote Unit PM Block and Network System Diagrams.... 53
Figure 26. Set Clock Screen................................................................. 67

List of Figures 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
x November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
Figure 27. Main Menu Screen ..............................................................68
Figure 28. Current Status Screen..........................................................69
Figure 29. Blockage Indicator History Screen......................................71
Figure 30. Sectionalized Event History Screen....................................72
Figure 31. Performance 15-Minute History Screen..............................75
Figure 32. Performance 1-Day History Screen.....................................77
Figure 33. Set Clock Screen .................................................................79
Figure 34. Signal Generator Screen......................................................80
Figure 35. Update Screen......................................................................81
Figure 36. Provisioning Setting Menu Screen......................................82
Figure 37. Block Diagram ....................................................................85

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 List of Tables
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 xi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Front Panel Components and Functions ..................................4
Table 2. Reading the Front Panel LEDs ................................................ 5
Table 3. HDSL Loss Over Cables........................................................11
Table 4. Maintenance and Remote Terminal Menus ........................... 19
Table 5. Dumb Terminal Navigational Keys ....................................... 20
Table 6. Span Status Fields and Descriptions ..................................... 23
Table 7. Alarm Field Messages and Descriptions................................ 24
Table 8. Loopback Field Messages and Descriptions ......................... 25
Table 9. System Settings Fields and Descriptions .............................. 28
Table 10. Alarm History Fields and Descriptions................................ 36
Table 11. HLU Front Panel Display Messages ................................... 48
Table 12. Network vs. CPE Frame Format Modes .............................. 57
Table 13. R-Bit Patterns.......................................................................59
Table 14. Mode 1, 2 and 3 Fault Analysis............................................ 61
Table 15. Mode 4 Fault Analysis ......................................................... 61
Table 16. Performance Primitives measured by the Remote Unit....... 63
Table 17. Remote Unit Sectionalized Event Parameters...................... 64
Table 18. Status Screen Parameters ..................................................... 70
Table 19. Screen Section Descriptions.................................................73
Table 20. Sectionalized Event Descriptions......................................... 74
Table 21. Performance 15-Minute History Screen Descriptions ......... 76
Table 22. Performance 1-Day History Screen Descriptions ................ 78
Table 23. Signal Generator Screen Descriptions.................................. 81
Table 24. Provisioning Setting Menu Screen Descriptions.................. 82

List of Tables 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
xii November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Product Overview
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 1
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
This technical practice describes the PairGain®HiGain®HRU-412 List 9B
for doubler and non-doubler applications. The HRU functions as the remote
end of a repeaterless T1 transmission system. When used with HiGain Line
Units (HLUs) and HiGain Doubler Units (HDUs), the HiGain system
provides 1.544 Mbps data transfer on two unconditioned copper pairs over
the full Carrier Service Area (CSA) range.
Figure 1 shows a basic HiGain configuration for a T1 High-bit-rate Digital
Subscriber Line (HDSL) circuit. The HLU is installed at the Central Office
(CO) shelf and the remote unit is housed in a remote enclosure at the
Customer PremisesEquipment (CPE)site. OptionalHDUsprovide theability
to double or even triple the distance range for customer applications located
outside the CSA.
Figure 1. Typical HiGain System
HRU-412 List 9B features:
•Front panel:
•CPE current monitor test points
•Receive (RCV) and Transmit (XMT) access jacks for testing
•DS1 and HDSL status LEDs
–HDSL margin threshold indicator
–RS-232 Craft port for connection to a maintenance terminal

Product Overview 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
2 November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
•Performs SuperFrame (SF) and Extended SuperFrame (ESF) conversion
•ANSI T1.403 Performance Report Messages (PRM)
•Supplemental Performance Report Messages(SPRM), Alarm Indication
Signal-Customer Interface (AIS-CI), and Remote Alarm
Indicator-Customer Interface (RAI-CI) per T1E1.4/92-00R2R
•ANSI T1.403 DS1 Customer Interface (CI)
•Generic and addressable repeater loopback activation codes
•Provisioning switches for Interface-Customer Premises Equipment
(I-CPE)current,SuperFrame-RemoteAlarmIndication(SF-RAI)signal,
and Receive Level (RLEV) for the T1 output signal
•Line or local power options
•Optional sealing current
•Lightning and power cross protection on HDSL and DS1 interfaces
•784 kbps full-duplex 2-Binary-1-Quaternary (2B1Q) HDSL
Transmission on each of 2 pairs
•DS0 blocking
•Compatible with PairGain 1 x 1 Protection Switching System
The Transmit Loss of Signal Loopback (TLOS-LB) option in
the HRU-412 List 8 has been replaced by the SF-RAI option.

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Product Overview
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 3
FRONT PANEL
Figure 2 and Table 1 identify the HRU-412 front panel components. Table 2
describes how to read the different system status LEDs.
Figure 2. Front Panel

Product Overview 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
4 November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
Table 1. Front Panel Components and Functions
Name Function
Test points 60 mA MON test points which allow the 60 mA CPE current
option, if selected, to be measured. The current flowing is
related to the voltage measured across the "+" and "-" test points
by the following relationship:
CPE current =1 mA / 1 mV. Typical readings range from 55 to 65
mV which equate to a 55 to 65 mA current range.
RCV and XMT
Access Jacks
Splitting and monitor access jacks to the CPE DS1 interface. See
Figure 3 for circuit details. These jacks are transformer-isolated
from the CPE DS1 metallic interface:
CI: Customer Interface, LINE: Line Interface, MON: Monitor
Interface
LB button Activates the remote unit metallic loopback state by pressing the
button for five (5) seconds. The unit can be unlooped by either
pressing the button again for five seconds or via the standard
loopdown coded messages.
Craft port Provides bi-directional communication between the unit and an
external dumb terminal through an RS-232 interface to allow
configuration and performance monitoring through the
Maintenance Terminal menus. See Section 10 for operating
procedures.

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Product Overview
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 5
Table 2. Reading the Front Panel LEDs
Name Mode Description
ALM LEDs Remote and Local (LOC) Loss Of Signal (LOS).
Remote (REM)
Loss of Signal
(LOS)
Steady red LOS detected at the T1 input to the remote HLU unit.
This condition causes the HRU to transmit the AIS
pattern towards the CPE.
Off Normal transmission of data.
LOC LOS Steady red LOS detected at the T1 input to the local HRU unit. This
condition causes the HLU to transmit the AIS pattern
towards the network.
Off Normal transmission of data.
Loopback (LB) LEDs Loopback to/from the Network (NET) and to/from the
Customer Interface (CI)
NET Steady
green
The HRU is in a loopback state in which the signal from
the NET is being looped back to the NET.
Off No NET loopbacks are active.
CI Steady
yellow
The HRU is in a loopback state in which the signal from
the CI is being looped back to the CI.
Off No CI loopbacks are active.
CODE Indications for code options.
Bipolar with
8-zero
Substitution
(B8ZS)
Steady
green
DS1 line code option set to B8ZS. If however the user
DS1 line code option is set to Auto, LED indicates that
the code of the DS1 signal being received at the HRUs
DS1 input is B8ZS.
Alternate Mark
Inversion (AMI)
Steady
yellow
DS1 line code option set to AMI. If the user DS1 line
code option is set to Auto, LED indicates that the code
of the DS1 signal being received at the HRUs DS1 input
is AMI.
Bipolar Violation
(BPV)
Blinking red Blinks every time a BPV, other than those associated
with a B8ZS code, is received at the HRUs DS1 input.
FRM Indications for framing patterns.
ESF Steady
green
Indicates that framing pattern of the signal being
received at the HRUs DS1 input is ESF.
SF Steady
yellow
Indicates that framing pattern of the signal being
received at the HRUs DS1 input is SF.
ERR Steady red Indicates a DS1 frame error has occurred.

Product Overview 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
6 November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
HDSL LEDs Displays HDSL Loop 1 and Loop 2 Conditions.
LP1
OK Blinking
green
HDSL Loop 1 is synchronizing with the HLU.
Steady
green
HDSL Loop 1 is synchronized and ready to receive and
transmit data.
MAR Blinking
yellow
Indicates a problem in Loop 1 (doubler applications
only) of the HDSL cable pairs that are non-adjacent to
the HRU. Blinking once per second indicates a Loss of
Sync Word (LOSW) problem in Span 1’s Loop 1 HDSL
pair between the HLU and doubler. Blinking twice per
second indicates a LOSW problem in Span 2’s Loop 1
HDSL pair between the first and second doublers.
ES Blinking red Blinks every second in which at least one HDSL CRC
error is detected on Loop 1 from the upstream module.
LP2
OK Blinking
green
HDSL Loop 2 is synchronizing with the HLU.
Steady
green
HDSL Loop 2 is synchronized and ready to receive and
transmit data.
MAR Blinking
yellow
Indicates a problem in Loop 2 (doubler applications
only) of the HDSL cable pairs that are non-adjacent to
the HRU. Blinking once per second indicates a LOSW
problem in Span 2’s Loop 2 HDSL pair between the
HLU and doubler. Blinking twice per second indicates a
LOSW problem in Span 2’s Loop 2 HDSL pair between
the first and second doublers.
ES Blinking red Blinks every second in which at least one HDSL CRC
error is detected on Loop 2 from the upstream module.
Table 2. Reading the Front Panel LEDs (Cont.)
Name Mode Description

150-412-192-02, Revision 02 Product Overview
HRU-412 List 9B November 18, 1998 7
CARD EDGE PIN-OUT DIAGRAM
The HRU-412 occupies one slot in a remote enclosure. The card edge pin-out
diagram for the remote unit is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. HRU-412 Card Edge Pin-outs

Product Overview 150-412-192-02, Revision 02
8 November 18, 1998 HRU-412 List 9B
BACKPLANE USER OPTIONS
The remote unit has four user options that must set before you install the unit
into a shelf or enclosure. Three of these options are set by using manual
switches and the fourth (sealing current) is set using jumper JP2 (Figure 4).
These options are located on the backplane of the unit.
Figure 4. Backplane User Option Locations
HiGain systems also have several special loopback (SPLB)
options that are set at the HLU. Refer to the specific technical
practice for the HLU used in your configuration for more
details.