Parr Instrument 4540 Instruction Manual

Parr Instrument Company
No. 394M
Operating Instruction Manual for
4540
Pressure Reactors

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface...............................................3
Scope............................................3
Safety Information.........................3
General Specifications ..................3
Alert Symbols................................4
Environmental Conditions .............4
Provisions for Lifting and
Carrying.........................................4
Intended Usage.............................5
User’s Responsibility.....................5
Unpack Carefully...........................5
Installation.........................................6
Pressure and Temperature
Limits.............................................6
Assemble the Reactor......................7
Identify the Valves............................8
Gas Inlet Valve..............................8
Gas Release Valve........................8
Liquid Sampling Valve...................8
Other Vessel Head Fittings..............9
Safety Rupture Disc ......................9
Type J Thermocouple....................9
Pressure Gage..............................9
Gage and Valve Adapters.............9
How to Use the Vessel .....................10
Fixed Head Vessels ......................10
Removable Head Vessels.............10
Accessories ......................................12
Internal Cooling Loop....................12
Liners ............................................12
Air Motor........................................13
Variable Speed Electric Motor.......13
Spare Parts Kit..............................13
Explosion Proof Operation ..............14
Periodic Pressure Tests...................15
General Maintenance Notes.............16
Parts Lists.........................................17
Reaction Vessel Parts List............17
Overarm Parts List........................19
Cooling Coil Parts List...................21
Vessel Heater Parts List ...............22
Diagrams...........................................23
Related Instructions
The following Parr publications can
be ordered to further your understanding of
this instrument and its component parts:
No. Description
230M Safety Precautions to be observed
when operating Pressure Reaction
Equipment
231M Operating Instructions for Parr Safety
Rupture Discs
232M Operating Instructions for Series
4840 Temperature Controllers
234M Operating and Maintenance
Instructions for Parr Magnetic Drives
323M Operating Instructions for Parr
Pressure Relief Valves
201M Limited Warranty
F0042Health & Safety Assurance
Certification
Customer Service
Questions concerning the installation
or operation of this instrument can be
answered by the Parr Customer Service
Department:
309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax: [phone]
www.parrinst.com
[email protected]

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
PREFACE
Scope
These instructions describe the
installation, operation and maintenance of
Parr Series 4540 Pressure Reactors offered
in two sizes, 600 mL and 1200 mL. They
cover the basic steps to be followed for
installing these reactors and describe the
function of all standard components. They
are intended to be used in conjunction with
several related instruction sheets listed on
the previous page. This information
describes several components which are
common to most Parr pressure reaction
equipment, and includes safety precautions
and other related information applicable to
all reaction laboratories. The users should
study all of these instructions carefully
before starting to use these vessels so that
they will fully understand the capabilities and
limitations of the equipment.
Safety Information
To avoid electrical shock, always:
Use a properly grounded electrical outlet of
correct voltage and current handling
capacity.
Disconnect from power supply before
servicing. The power supply cord of the
equipment is the main disconnect device.
To avoid personal injury:
Do not use in the presence of flammable or
combustible materials; fire or explosion may
result. This device contains components
which may ignite such materials.
Refer servicing to qualified personnel.
General Specifications
Electrical ratings
Controller ratings are found in the Operating
Instructions for the controller supplied with
your reactor.
Before connecting a controller to an
electrical outlet, the user must be certain
that the electrical outlet has an earth ground
connection and that the line, load and other
characteristics of the installation do not
exceed the following limits:
Voltage: Fluctuations in the line voltage
should not exceed 10% of the rated nominal
voltage shown on the data plate.
Frequency: Controllers can be operated
from either a 50 or 60 Hertz power supply
without affecting their operation or
calibration.
Current: The total current drawn should not
exceed the rating shown on the data plate
on the controller by more than 10 percent.
Inductive Loads: Inductive loads must be
limited to 750 watts (1 hp) at 115 volts, or to
1100 watts (1-1/2 hp) at 230 volts. Do not
connect these controllers to the primary
(input) side of an auto-transformer (Variac,
Powerstat or the like). The heavy inductive
load on the primary side of such
transformers will destroy the relay. The
secondary (output) side of an auto-
transformer can be carried through the relay
if this circuit is isolated from the controller.
A separate, full-voltage connection must
then be made to operate the temperature
controller and to actuate the relay.
Thermocouple: Unless otherwise
specified, all Parr Controllers operate with a
Type J (iron-constantan) thermocouple. The
total resistance of the thermocouple and the
lead wires should not exceed 20 ohms. If
the resistance of the thermocouple circuit is
higher, it will reduce the sensitivity of the
control system.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Alert Symbols
This CAUTION symbol may be present on
the Product Instrumentation and literature.
If present on the product, the user must
consult the appropriate part of the
accompanying product literature for more
information.
This CAUTION symbol indicates that the
surface may be hot.
ATTENTION, Electrostatic Discharge
(ESD) hazards. Observe precautions for
handling electrostatic sensitive devices.
Protective Earth (PE) terminal. Provided
for connection of the Protective Earth
(green or green/yellow) supply system
conductor.
Chassis Ground. Identifies a connection
to the chassis or frame of the equipment
shall be bonded to Protective Earth at the
source of supply in accordance with
national and local electrical code
requirements.
Earth Ground. Functional earth
connection. NOTE: This connection shall
be bonded to Protective Earth at the
source of supply in accordance with
national and local electrical code
requirements.
Environmental Conditions
This apparatus is to be used indoors.
Operating: 15°C to 40°C; maximum
relative humidity of 80% non-condensing.
Installation Category II (overvoltage) in
accordance with IEC 664. Pollution degree
2 in accordance with IEC 664.
Altitude Limit: 2,000 meters.
Storage: -25°C and 65°C; 10% to 85%
relative humidity.
Provisions for Lifting and Carrying –
Before moving the instrument, disconnect all
connections from the rear of the apparatus.
Lift the instrument by grabbing underneath
each corner.
Caution
Do not use in hazardous
atmospheres.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Intended Usage
This system has been designed for
use as a high pressure reactor system. It
has been designed, built, and tested to strict
physical and electrical standards. However,
it is the user's responsibility to install and
operate it in conformance with local
pressure and electrical codes.
If this equipment is used in a manner
beyond its intended usage, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.
Users Responsibility
All Parr Reactors and pressure
vessels are designed and manufactured with
great care to assure safe operation when
used within their prescribed temperature and
pressure limits.
But . . . the basic responsibility for safety
when using this equipment rest entirely with
the user; who must:
1. Select a reactor or pressure vessel which
has the capability, pressure rating,
corrosion resistance and design features
that are suitable for its intended use.
Parr engineers will be glad to discuss
available equipment and material options
with prospective users, but the final
responsibility for selecting a reactor or
pressure vessel that will perform to the
user’s satisfaction in any particular
reaction or test must rest with the user –
not with Parr.
In exercising the responsibility for the
selection of pressure equipment, the
prospective user is often faced with a
choice between over- or under-designed
equipment. The hazards introduced by
under-designed pressure vessels are
readily apparent, but the penalties that
must be paid for over-designed
apparatus are often overlooked.
Recognizing these criteria, Parr reactors
and pressure vessels are offered in
several different styles, each designed
for convenient use in daily operation
within certain temperature and pressure
limits, using gaskets, closures and other
elements carefully selected for safe
operation within the limits specified for
that design. But in order to preserve the
validity of these designs, all temperature
and pressure limits must be observed,
and no attempt should be made to
increase these limits by making alterations
or by substituting components which are
not recommended by Parr Instrument
Company.
2. Install and operate the equipment within a
suitable barricade, if required, with
appropriate safety accessories and in full
compliance with local safety codes and
rules.
3. Establish training procedures to ensure
that any person handling the equipment
knows how to use it properly.
4. Maintain the equipment in good condition
and establish procedures for periodic
testing to be sure the vessel remains
structurally sound.
Unpack Carefully
Unpack the equipment carefully and
check all the parts against the, packing list. If
shipping damage is discovered, report it
immediately to the delivering carriers. The
vessel, motor, heater, and temperature
controller may be packed separately for
convenience in shipping, but these parts are
easily reassembled. Examine the
components closely for any loose parts or
shipping damage and be sure to check all
layers of packing materials thoroughly so as
not to overlook any parts which might
otherwise be discarded.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
INSTALLATION
Pressure and Temperature Limits
The working pressure and
temperature at which any reactor or
pressure vessel can be used will depend
upon the design of the vessel and the
materials used in its construction. Since all
materials lose strength at elevated
temperatures, any pressure rating must be
stated in terms of the temperature at which it
applies. The standard material of
construction for Parr Instrument Company is
Type 316 stainless steel.
The working pressure and
temperature in these 600 mL and 1200 mL
reactors must not exceed the following
maximum limits:
Pressure and Temperature Limits
Bomb
Material Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature
T316 SS 5000 psig 350°PTFE Flat Gasket
Limits for vessels made of other
materials and for other operating
temperatures can be obtained from Parr
Customer Service. No attempt should be
made to increase these limits by making
alterations or by substituting components
which are not recommended by the Parr
Instrument Company. It must also be
understood that lower pressure and
temperature limits may be required for
modified reactors and for vessels made of
special alloys.
Limits for vessels will be determined
by the physical characteristics of the vessel
material and will be prescribed on an
individual basis.
The maximum working pressure and
temperature for any vessel is governed by
the design of the vessel and the strength of
the material from which it is constructed.
There is also a close relationship between
working pressure and temperature since the
strength of any material will normally fall off
as the temperature is increased.
Temperature and pressure limits are also
affected by the physical properties and
temperature limits of the gaskets and seals
used in the vessel, and by any valves, gages
or other fittings attached to the vessel.
Obviously, the safe operating pressure of any
system can be no higher than that of its
lowest rated component.
All Parr reactors show the maximum
safe operating pressure and temperature
imprinted on the cylinder.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR
These reactors require at least 10 sq. ft. of
work space in a well ventilated area with
convenient access to an electric outlet,
running water and a drain. It will be well to
provide an insulated pad on which to set the
bomb when it is hot.
1. Set the stand in the work space.
2. Bolt the stand to the floor using holes in
the base plate.
3A. Removable Vessels.
Setup of the Removable Head Vessels.
For 1/8 hp, insert the rod which
supports the motor and overarm drive
into the bracket on the top plate of the
heater and tighten the nut firmly. The
overarm assembly pivots to the rear to
allow the vessel to be placed in the
heater. The overarm is then aligned
atop the vessel. Pull up on the release
knob to allow the upper drive shaft to
be connected to the magnetic stirrer.
For ¼ hp or greater, the motor is
contained in the overarm assembly
attached to the base.
3B. Fixed Head Reactor.
Setup of the Fixed Head Reactor.
Loosen the panel screw holding the
vessel retainer to the front midplate.
Open the vessel retainer to allow the
placement of the head assembly.
Position the head in the slot located in
the front midplate. After installing the
head, close the vessel retainer and
retighten the panel screw.
Pull up on the release knob located at
the top of the beltguard. This knob is
attached to the upper drive shaft and
the universal coupling. Lifting the knob
will allow the alignment of the universal
coupling and the drive adapter attached
to the magnetic drive. Turn the knob to
align the slot in the drive adapter with
the universal coupling.
4. Set the 4840 Series Temperature
Controller near the reactor, leaving a
space of at least six inches between
the controller and the base of the
reactor so the controller will not be
affected by radiant heat. Connect the
reactor controller using information
contained in Instruction Sheet No.
232M.
5. Connect the heater cord from the
heater into the heater socket on the
rear panel of the Series 4840
Temperature Controller.
6. Plug the motor cord into the motor
socket on the rear of the controller.
7. Connect the thermocouple and
extension wire to the controller and
insert thermocouple in the thermowell.
8. Connect the appropriate cables for any
controller options.
9. Connect cooling water to the magnetic
drive. See Instruction Manual No.
234M.
10. Connect the rupture disc to a safely
vented connection or area. See
Instruction Manual No. 231M.
11. Note the voltage and amperage
requirement stamped on the controller
nameplate, then plug the power cord
into an appropriate outlet. Power for
these reactors should be drawn from a
grounded outlet capable of carrying up
to the full current rating of the vessel.
12. Using the switch on the controller, turn
on the motor for a short run to check
the drive system.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
IDENTIFY THE VALVES
Gas Inlet Valves
The gas inlet valve is easily identified
when the bomb is open by noting that it is
connected to a dip tube which extends to a
point near the bottom of the bomb cylinder.
This is an angle valve with an attached
fitting which provides a socket for attaching
the pressure hose furnished with the reactor.
Gas Release Valve
The gas release valve is connected to
a plain opening on the underside of the
bomb head. Gas released from this valve
will be drawn from the top of the reactor.
Liquid Sampling Valve
The liquid sampling valve is attached
to the same fitting as the gas inlet valve and
connected to the same dip tube. With this
arrangement, incoming gas is always
introduced below the surface of the liquid and
the operator is provided with a means for
clearing the dip tube to be sure that any liquid
sample taken during a run will be
representative of the charge. This can be
done by opening the upper gas inlet valve
momentarily to allow the inlet gas to force
any liquid in the dip tube back into the reactor
before withdrawing a sample from the
sampling valve.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
OTHER VESSEL HEAD FITTINGS
Safety Rupture Disc
There is a safety rupture disc
attached to the head which is intended to
rupture and release the pressure before it
reaches a dangerous level. A metal tag
wired to the safety head identifies the burst
pressure at room temperature for that
particular disc. A similar tag is furnished
with each replacement disc. This tag must
remain with the apparatus at all times so
that both present and future operators will
be aware of the disc rating. Users should
read the discussion of rupture discs given in
the Instruction Manual No. 231M for a
complete description of the characteristics of
rupture discs and the precautions to be
observed when operating pressure
equipment protected by this type of safety
device.
Type J Thermocouple
A Type J thermocouple in a 1/8” dia.
Stainless steel sheath is furnished with the
reactor. Insert this thermocouple into the
head thermowell and connect it to the
thermocouple socket on the rear panel of
the temperature controller using the A470E2
extension wire furnished with the controller.
Pressure Gage
A pressure gage, usually 0-7500 psi
with a T316 stainless steel Bourdon tube, is
mounted on the head using attachment
fittings similar to those used for the
inlet/sampling valve assembly.
Gage and Valve Adapters
The pressure gage and the combined
gas inlet and sampling valves are attached to
the head with an adapter which allows these
fittings to be drawn up tightly when facing in
any direction. To attach these fittings to the
head, screw the gage or valves firmly into the
adapter, then run the 209HC4 bushing onto
the threaded stem as far as it will go. Screw
this assembly into the head until the nose of
the adapter is seated; then back it off until the
valve or gage is facing in the desired
direction. Now hold the fitting firmly in place
and close the joint by tightening the 209HC4
bushing. This connection can be made and
broken repeatedly without destroying the
sealing faces. A light coating of thread
lubricant, such as Parr No. 424HC2 High
Temperature Anti-Seize Lube, applied to the
threads and to the nose of the adapter will
help to obtain a tight joint. Note: PTFE tape
should be used only on all tapered (NPT)
threads, not on the straight threads of the
209HC4.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
Fixed Head Vessels
First, lower the heater and push it
aside before attempting to remove the split
ring and cylinder. Raise the support cylinder
holder to the bottom of the cylinder and
open the gas release valve to discharge any
internal pressure.
To open the Vessel
Remove the split rings. For vessels
with a confined, flat PTFE gasket, loosen the
six bolts. For vessels with an O-ring closure,
loosen the latches on each side of the split
rings. The split ring halves can now be
removed, and the head with all attached
fittings will remain in place. The cylinder can
now be lowered away. Handle the cylinder
carefully so as not to damage the stirring
shaft and other internals.
Before Closing the Vessel
Examine the head seal carefully to be
sure that it is in good condition. The seal
should not have any nicks or be hardened,
discolored or deformed. Examine the
mating surfaces on the cylinder and head to
be sure they are clean and free from burrs;
then raise the cylinder up to the head.
To Close the Vessel
Put the two split ring halves around
the head and cylinder flanges and fasten the
latches or tighten the bolts as assembled
before.
Removable Head Vessels
First, open the gas release valve to
discharge any internal pressure. For vessels
on a movable floor cart, lift the vessel out of
the heater before attempting to remove the
split ring and head. For vessels on a
stationary stand, loosen the panel screw
holding the vessel retainer, remove the
vessel from the stand and set it on a table.
To Open the Vessel
Remove the split rings. For vessels
with a confined, flat PTFE gasket, loosen the
six bolts. For vessels with an O-ring closure,
loosen the latches on each side of the split
rings. The split ring halves can now be
removed, and the head with all attached
fittings wilt remain in place. The head with all
attached fittings is free to be lifted from the
cylinder. Handle the head carefully so as not
to damage the stirring shaft and other
internals.
Before Closing the Vessel
Examine the head seal carefully to be
sure that it is in good condition. The seal
should not have any nicks or be hardened,
discolored or deformed. Examine the mating
surfaces on the cylinder and head to be sure
they are clean and free from burrs. Then
carefully set head on cylinder.
To Close the Vessel
Slide the two split ring halves around
the cylinder and head flanges. If equipped
with a drop band, position the split ring halves
such that the indentation for one of the halves
is located 180 degrees away from the
pressure gage. Slide the drop band over the
split ring halves and tighten the set screw
lightly to hold the band in place.
For vessels on a movable floor cart,
place the vessel into the heater with the gage
facing forward and swing the drive arm into
position, connecting the splined coupling onto
the stirrer drive. For vessels on a stationary
stand, place the vessel onto the midplate
such that the drop band set screw fits into the
slot on the back of the midplate.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
(Continued)
Note: The following steps are common to
both head configurations
Sealing Vessels with PTFE Gaskets
If your split ring has compression bolts,
tighten each of the bolts with the wrench
furnished. Apply a firm but hard pull to each
bolt. Or, if a torque wrench is available,
apply 25ft-lbs to each bolt. Tightening
should proceed in a criss-cross pattern
rather than progressively around the circle.
Let the vessel stand for about five minutes
after the initial tightening; then tighten the
bolts again. This will compensate for any
tendency of the PTFE gasket to flow under
the loading pressure.
Gas Connections
Gas connections are dependent on
applications. For general usage, use the
pressure hose furnished with the reactor.
Screw the Type “A” coned pressure fitting
into the adapter attached to the gas inlet
valve and tighten the compression nut firmly.
Do not use any thread dope on the coned
fitting.
Pressurizing the Vessel
Check all valves carefully before
admitting gas into the system. The liquid
sampling valve must remain closed
throughout the charging procedure. The gas
release valve must also be closed unless
the vessel is to be purged, or unless there is
to be a continuous flow through the reactor
during a run. Always make certain that the
pressure in the gas tank is greater than the
pressure in the vessel; otherwise liquid will
be forced out of the vessel and into the gas
tank when the inlet valve is opened. If there
is any possibility that the tank pressure
might not be high enough to force gas into
the reactor, install a one way check valve
(optional) in the gas line to prevent any
reverse flow. With the inlet valve open and
the flow control valve on the gas tank closed,
open the main valve on the gas tank only
about one-quarter turn; then use the flow
control valve or the valve on a pressure
regulator to control the flow of gas into the
vessel. After the desired pressure has been
reached, close the tank valves and the vessel
inlet valve and disconnect the hose at the
vessel end.
Do Not Overfill the Vessel
Always watch the pressure gage
closely when admitting gas so as not to
exceed the maximum working limit.
Remember that any subsequent increase in
temperature will raise the pressure. Also, be
sure that the amount of liquid placed in the
vessel is carefully controlled. As a general
rule, the liquid charge should not exceed two-
thirds of the capacity of the cylinder. Too
much liquid in the vessel can lead to
development of dangerous pressures if
sufficient space is not provided for expansion
when the liquid is heated. This hazard is
explained in greater detail in a warning
statement included in the Instruction Manual
No. 230M.
Releasing Pressure
Use the gas release valve to reduce
the pressure in the vessel if the reactor is
accidentally overcharged when filling. Use
this valve also to release any excess
pressure during a run and to exhaust the
vessel at the end of a run. If the discharge
gases are flammable or toxic, discharge to an
exhaust hood or to any other safe release
point.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
HOW TO USE THE VESSEL
(Continued)
Withdrawing Liquid Samples
Liquid samples may be withdrawn
from the sampling valve attached to the inlet
fitting whenever the vessel is pressurized.
Always close the inlet valve before
withdrawing a liquid sample and open the
sampling valve cautiously because liquid will
be discharged with considerable force. An
A579HC delivery tube (optional) may be
attached to the sampling valve to discharge
the liquid into an appropriate receiver. Be
particularly careful if the temperature of the
sample is above its boiling point at
atmospheric pressure. If so, it will “flash”
and be lost as soon as it is released from
the vessel. This problem can be avoided by
connecting an optional metal sample bottle
to the valve and collecting the sample in a
sealed container. Incoming gas can be
used to clear the dip tube between liquid
samples so that the next sample drawn
through the tube will truly be representative
of the mixture.
Initial Operating Test
Read all operating instructions
carefully so as to be well acquainted with the
correct procedures for handling the vessel
and for operating the controller and other
accessories. An initial operating test should
be made, with only water, to check the
apparatus before starting the first
experimental runs. For this initial test, fill the
cylinder not more than half full of water and
run the temperature up to 150ºC while
checking the apparatus for leaks and
observing the performance of the
temperature controller
ACCESSORIES
Internal Cooling Loop
A cooling loop can be installed in any
of these reactors. The reactors are not drilled
for a cooling loop unless so ordered.
Reactors purchased without a loop can have
this feature added by returning the head
assembly to Parr Instrument Company.
A single loop cooling coil is installed in
the bomb with compression fittings on the
head for connecting ¼” tubing to the loop. A
slow, continuous flow of cold water through a
cooling loop proves a very effective means
for controlling temperature overshoot in these
reactors, particularly when operating at
temperatures below 150°C. Water flow
through the loop can be controlled
automatically using an optional solenoid
valve in the cold water line, with the solenoid
connected to the cooling socket on the rear
panel of each Series 4840 Temperature
Controller. With this arrangement, cold water
will be admitted to the cooling loop whenever
the controller calls for cooling.
If internal cooling is not desired, the
cooling loop can be removed from the head
and the openings can be closed with plugs.
Liners
Glass or PTFE liners can be furnished
to fit most Parr reactors. These liners slide
into the cylinder. Although they will not keep
corrosive vapors from reaching the surfaces
of the cylinder and head, they make it much
easier to add and remove liquid reactants,
and they give some protection to the cylinder
when working with corrosive solutions. It
must be noted, however, that adding a liner
will slow the heat transfer rate into the vessel,
and it may be necessary to adjust the
temperature control method to prevent
overheating.
Liner Part Numbers
Fits
ID Cylinder Size Glass Liner PTFE Liner
3.25” 600 mL 2312HC 2312HC3
3.25” 1200 mL 2312HC2 2312HC4

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
ACCESSORIES
(Continued)
Air Motor
Variable stirring speeds from 100 to
2000 rpm with no spark hazard can be
obtained by replacing the standard motor
with an air motor. This motor operates on
compressed air which must be supplied at
40 psig minimum pressure with at least
10CFM available at that pressure. It is
furnished with a speed control valve and
oiler, all assembled on a mounting bracket.
To operate reactors equipped with an
air motor, mount the drive system firmly on
the heater and connect the air hose to a
compressed air line. Fill the oiler with SAE
10 motor oil and adjust the oiler to feed one
drop per minute into the air stream.
For long continuous runs at high
speeds the oiling rate should be increased
to three drops per minute. If the motor
becomes sluggish, flush it with a non-
flammable solvent in a well ventilated area.
Disconnect the air line and muffler and pour
a small amount of solvent into the inlet port.
Rotate the shaft by hand in both directions
for a few minutes; then connect the air line
and run the motor until there is not further
trace of solvent in the exhaust. If the muffler
felts are dirty, wash them in solvent or
replace them. Relubricate the motor with a
squirt of oil into the chamber and
reassemble. If it becomes necessary to
disassemble the motor to replace the vanes,
follow directions given in the instruction
sheet published by the Gast Manufacturing
Corp., Benton Harbor, Michigan.
Variable Speed Electric Motor
Reactors are normally equipped with a
DC variable speed motor supplied and
controlled through the Series 4840 controller.
Instructions for connecting and operating
these motors are included in the controller
instruction sheet No. 232M. This motor is
usually installed in a drive system designed
to produce stirring speeds from 0 to 600 rpm.
Higher speeds up to 1700 rpm can be
obtained by substituting larger diameter
motor drive pulleys.
Spare Parts Kit
Parr can furnish spare parts kits for
these reactors which will provide a reserve
supply of parts and tools sufficient to handle
most normal replacements and emergency
repairs during a year of heavy usage.
These kits contain replacement
gaskets, packing, O-rings, shafts, bearings,
and rupture discs. They can be ordered from
any Parr Dealer or direct from the Parr
Instrument Company. The order must specify
the reactor size and indicate type of rupture
disc, stirrer drive and whether it has a flat-
gasket or O-ring closure.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
EXPLOSION PROOF OPERATION
If the local safety code requires that
equipment installed in the user’s laboratory
must be explosion proof, there are four
possible ignition hazards to be considered:
1. The Motor
The standard adjustable speed motor is
not explosion proof, yet these motors are
not unduly hazardous if operated in a
well ventilated location where care is
taken to prevent the accumulation of
explosive gases or vapors. To eliminate
any possible spark hazard originating at
the motor, Parr can furnish an air motor
as described above, or the reactor can
be equipped with a variable speed,
explosion proof motor which is approved
for use in Class 1, Groups C & D, and
Class 2, Groups E, F, & G atmospheres.
Explosion proof motors are furnished
with a temporary power cord and plug
which are not explosion proof. The user
should remove this temporary wiring and
replace it with an explosion proof switch
and wiring which will comply with the
local electrical code.
2. The Temperature Controller
The Series 4840 Temperature
Controllers furnished with these reactors
contain switches and other elements
which are not explosion proof. The
minimal spark hazard associated with
these units can be resolved by installing
the controller in a remote location outside
of the hazardous area or by enclosing it
in an approved explosion proof housing.
If enclosed within a positive pressure,
clean air housing, the discharge from the
housing must be directed into a safe
area. If requested, Parr will furnish the
long lead wires needed to mount the
controller in a remote location. If the
controller is to be installed in an
explosion proof housing, the user must
provide the necessary housing and
installation.
3. The Heater
The elements in the heater could be
dangerous in an explosive atmosphere if
the surface temperature of the element
becomes high enough to ignite flammable
vapors. This hazard must be evaluated
for each individual installation since major
modifications are required if the heater
must be isolated from the surrounding
atmosphere. Users who consider this a
significant hazard are urged to contact the
Parr Instrument Company for further
discussion and suggestions which might
be helpful. Parr is currently offering
aluminum block heaters and circulating
jacketed cylinders which can be used in
explosive environments.
4. The Wiring
Unless specifically designed for use in
hazardous atmospheres, the wiring in
these reactors will not meet the standards
prescribed for explosion proof equipment.
Optional, intrinsically safe barriers are
available.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
PERIODIC PRESSURE TESTS
Each cylinder used in a Parr stirred
reactor is tested under hydrostatic pressure
to 1.3 times its maximum rating before it is
released from the factory. Micrometer
caliper measurements are taken during this
test to check the deflection of the walls and
bottom of the cylinder under pressure.
Excessive deflection or failure of the metal
to resume its original dimensions after
pressure is released indicates that a cylinder
is potentially unsafe and it will be rejected.
Similar tests should be made at regular
intervals during the life of each cylinder, and
particularly whenever the user suspects that
the equipment has been over-stressed or
damaged.
Some laboratories maintain hydraulic
test facilities and make it a rule that all
pressure vessels must be tested at regular
intervals. Records are kept of deflections at
specific test pressures so that any increase
in deflection becomes a warning that the
metal has lost strength. Any cylinder which
fails to return to its original dimensions after
application of the prescribed hydrostatic test
should be discarded as unsafe for further
use. Users who do not have pressure test
facilities can return any Parr pressure vessel
to the factory for hydrostatic testing and
overhaul. This should be done whenever the
metal shows excessive damage from
corrosion or whenever an over-pressure or
other unusual occurrence raises any safety
questions. Apparatus returned for testing
and overhaul should be shipped prepaid to
the Parr Instrument Company, 211-53rd
Street, Moline, Illinois 61265. An order or
letter of instructions should be mailed to the
same address, as no repair work will be
started without specific instructions and a
Health & Safety Assurance Certification form
(F0042) signed by a responsible user.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
GENERAL MAINTENANCE
NOTES
1. Periodically inspect all electrical wiring
and pressure connections for excessive
corrosion. Suspect parts should be
replaced by components only supplied by
Parr Instrument Company.
2. Always use appropriate wrenches on all
fittings and valves. Never use pliers or
pipe wrenches.
3. Head and cylinder service fixtures are
available for convenience and protection
of components during maintenance of
your reactor.
4. To reinstall straight thread (NPS) fittings
to the head, screw the gage or valves
firmly into the adapter.
Run the bushing onto the threaded stem
as far as it will go. Screw this assembly
into the head until the nose of the adapter
is seated; then back it off until the valve or
gage is facing in the desired direction (no
more than one full turn). Hold the fitting
firmly in place and close the joint by
tightening the bushing. This connection
can be made and broken repeatedly
without destroying the sealing surfaces.
A light coating of thread lubricant, such as
Parr High Temperature Anti-Seize
Lubricant, applied to the straight threads
and to the nose of the adapter will help to
obtain a tight joint. Note: PTFE tape
should be used only on all tapered (NPT)
threads not NPS straight threads.
5. NPT (National Pipe Taper) threads should
not be disassembled any more than
necessary. It will become increasingly
difficult to maintain a tight seal with these
tapered threads if the joint is made and
broken repeatedly.
6. Do not use oil or anti-seize lubricant on
threads or fittings if the vessel is to be
used with oxygen.
7. If your vessel is equipped with a loose
compression ring be sure that it is in
place on the head before attaching any
head fittings. The compression ring
cannot be installed after fittings have
been screwed into the head.
8. Clean all threads and gas passages
thoroughly and remove all tape fragments
when overhauling a vessel. An ultrasonic
bath is excellent for cleaning metal parts,
but do not place a thermocouple probe,
pressure gage, face seals or ball bearings
in an ultrasonic bath. Periodic cleaning
may be performed on the exterior
surfaces of the reactor stand a lightly
dampened cloth containing mild soap
solution. All power should be
disconnected when cleaning.
9. Routinely inspect cap screws on split ring
closure for lubrication and cleanliness.
These screws should not be allowed to
dry because the threads will seize.
Regularly apply Parr High Temperature
Anti-Seize Lubricant before this happens.
10.To operate reactors equipped with an air
motor, connect air hose to a compressed
air line. For best torque and speed
control the piping to the motor should be
at least 3/8” IPS or larger. Fill the oiler
with SAE 10 motor oil and adjust the oiler
feed one drop per minute into the air
stream. For long continuous runs at high
speeds the oiling rate should be
increased to three drops per minute. If
the motor becomes sluggish, flush it with
a non-flammable solvent in a well
ventilated area.
Disconnect the air line and muffler and
pour a small amount of solvent into the
inlet port. Rotate the shaft by hand in
both directions for a few minutes; then
connect the air line and run the motor
until there is not further trace of solvent in
the exhaust. If the muffler is dirty, replace
it. Relubricate the motor with a squirt of
oil into the chamber and reassemble.
11.If servicing assistance is needed,
contact Parr Instrument Company directly
at the address shown on the back of
these instructions.

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4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
PARTS LISTS
Reaction Vessel Parts List
Consult the itemized list for your reactor
provided along with this manual. For purpose of
reactor identification, the following
abbreviation/codes are used:
RV – Removable Vessel
FH – Fixed Head
FG – Flat Gasket
OS – O-Ring Seal
Part No. Description Code
Cylinders*
2302HC Cylinder, 600 mL
2302HC10 Cylinder, 1200 mL
Heads*
2300HC Head RV
2300HC2 Head, cooling loop RV
2301HC Head FH
2301HC2 Head, cooling loop FH
Internal Fittings*
Thermowell*
265HC20 Thermowell, 4.0”, 600 mL
265HC12 Thermowell, 9.12”, 1200 mL
Stirrer Support Bracket*
A2307HC Stirrer Bracket with bushing
380HCF Cap Screw for bracket
299HC Bushing PTFE for bracket
Dip Tube*
257HC39 Dip Tube, 600 mL
257HC40 Dip Tube, 1200 mL
Shafts*
352HC10 Stub Shaft, mag drive RV
352HC11 Stub Shaft, mag drive FH
A449HC16 Shaft Assembly with
coupling, 600 mL
A449HC17 Shaft Assembly with
coupling, 1200 mL
378HC Coupling, stirrer shaft
379HC Pin, shaft, coupling
447HC Shaft bushing, PTFE
448HC16 Shaft with bushing, 600 mL
448HC17 Shaft with bushing, 1200 mL
A2308HC Impeller with set screws
358HC2F Set screws for impeller
* For parts made from alternate materials use the
codes shown below as a suffix to the standard
part number.
CM - Alloy 400 CC - Alloy 20Cb3
CT - Alloy 600 CA - Titanium Gr 2
CF - Hastelloy or Gr 4
C-2000 CX - Zirconium
CG - Alloy B-2 CH - Alloy C-276
Part No. Description Code
Gaskets & Seals
48HC Gasket, silver, mag drive
48HCFG Gasket, gold plated,
mag drive
External Fittings
94CAAD Plug, ¼” NPTM
A451VB Valve, straight regulating
1/4” NPTM
A455VB2 Valve, angle regulating
1/4” NPTF
1446HC Adapter, 1/4” NPTM
491HC Hex Nipple, 1/4” NPTM
208HC11 Valve Adapter, 1/4” NPTM
208HC6 Valve Adapter, two 1/4” NPTF
208HC15 Gage Adapter, angled,
two 1/4” NPTF
209HC4 Bushing
288VBAD Male Connector, 3/8” T-1/4” NPTM
396HC3 Stirrer Plug
35HC Compression Nut, for plug
A472E2 Thermocouple, grounded,
600 mL, Type J
A472E6 Thermocouple, grounded,
1200 mL, Type J
A525HC Safety Rupture Disc assembly
w/o disc (see 231M)
A830HC Cooling Sleeve Assembly
A1120HC Magnetic Drive Assembly
(rubber coupling)
A1120HC6 Magnetic Drive Assembly
(universal coupling)

- 18 -
4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Split Rings and Accessories
A2305HC Split Ring Assembly RV
2304HC Compression Ring, Head RV
A2313HC Drop Band RV
A2315HC Split Ring Assembly
w/ bolts, rings, latches FH
1278HC4F Bolts, split ring 5/8”-
18-1/2” Hex
1368HC Torque Wrench 3/8” drive
1369HC2 Torque Adapter
3/8” drive x 1/2” hex
Gages
56HCPF Pressure gage, 4-1/2”, 0-2000 psi
56HCPG Pressure gage, 4-1/2”, 0-3000 psi
56HCPH Pressure gage, 4-1/2”, 0-5000 psi
56HCPK Pressure gage, 4-1/2”, 0-10000 psi

- 19 -
4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Overarm Parts List
Motor
1355EES Motor, VS/PM 130VDC 1/8HP
A1554EES Motor, VS/PM 130VDC 1/8HP
with EMC filter
A1393HC Air Motor LD
A388E6 Air Motor HD
A388EES Motor 1/4 HP VS 90 VDC LD/HD
A388E2ES Motor 1/2 HP VS 90VDC HD
A388EEQ Motor 1/4 HP EXP VS
90 VDC LD/HD
A388E2ET Motor 1/2 HP VS 180 VDC HD
A388EER Motor 1/4 HP EXP VS
180 VDC LD/HD
A388EET Motor 1/4 HP VS 180 VDC LD/HD
Driven Pulley Assembly
A2179HC Driven Pulley Assembly LD
839HC Ball Bearing LD
841HC Snap Ring, External .693” LD
842HC Snap Ring, 1.804” LD
858HC2 Pulley, Driven LD
862HC Support Hub LD
299HC2 Bushing, PTFE LD
A2519HC Driven Pulley Assembly HD
706HC2 Pulley, Driven HD
725HC Support Hub HD
730HC Ball Bearing HD
731HC Snap Ring Internal 2” HD
732HC Snap Ring External 1” HD
2429HC Bushing PTFE HD
Upper Drive Shafts
A860HC Upper Drive Shaft RV
A742HC13 Upper Drive Shaft, standard
Calrod heater only RV
A2562HC Upper Drive Shaft FH
A2564HC Upper Drive Shaft 11.27” FH
Shaft Couplings
A722HC2 Shaft Coupling .38 rubber RV
A722HC Shaft Coupling .50 rubber RV
2075HC Shaft Coupling .38 universal FH
2352HC Shaft Coupling .50 universal FH
Release Knobs
845HC2 Release Knob, .38 Shaft LD
726HC Release Knob, .50 Shaft HD
Drive Pulleys (Motor)
857HC Pulley 600 RPM LD
857HC3 Pulley 800 RPM LD
857HC4 Pulley 1000 RPM LD
857HC5 Pulley 1700 RPM LD
695HC5 Pulley 800 RPM .62 HD
695HC3 Pulley 1000 RPM .62 HD
695HC2 Pulley 1700 RPM .62 HD
Pulley Belt Combinations
LD Drive RV-Belt FH-Belt
857HC 847HC6 847HC9
857HC3 847HC6 847HC9
857HC4 847HC6 847HC9
857HC5 847HC4 847HC10
HD Drive RV-Belt FH-Belt
695HC5 728HC 728HC5
695HC3 728HC 728HC5
695HC2 728HC3 728HC6
Optional Tach Parts
1564HC Optical Wheel
A1001E Tach Sensor Assembly (9.0”L)

- 20 -
4540 Pressure Reactors
Parr Instrument Company
Overarm
Plate
Drive Pulley
Motor
Belt Tach Sensor
Assembl
y
Upper Drive Shaft Release Knob
Driven Pulley
Optical Wheel
Hub
Coupling
Collar