Paton ECO Series Instruction Manual

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 0 -

PATON ECO series DC MMA

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 2 -
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General
4
2. Commissioning
7
2.1. Intended use
7
2.2. Environment
7
2.3. Power connection
8
2.4. Mains plug connection
8
3. Manual metal arc welding (MMA)
8
3.1. Hot-Start function
8
3.2. Arc-Force function
9
3.3. Anti-Stick function
10
4. Maintenance
10
5. Three-phase generator operation
10
6. Storage
10
7. Transportation
11
8. Specifications
11
9. Scope of supply
11
10. Troubleshooting
12
11. Safety rules
13
12. Wiring diagram
15
13. Warranty
16
14. Acceptance Certificate
17

- 3 - PATON ECO series DC MMA
Power mains/switchboard connection (at 25ºС):
WARNING! Do not forget about wires inside walls and other extenders! Use four-wire
cable (3 phases + earth wire)
Do not earth by connecting to neutral conductor!!!
Electrode used
Current strength
Cross-section of
each phase
conductor, sq. mm
Max cable length,
m
Ø 2 mm
80A max
0,75
215
1,0
290
1,5
430
Ø 3 mm
120A max
1,0
180
1,5
270
2,5
450
Ø 4 mm
160A max
1,5
200
2,5
330
4,0
530
Ø 5 mm
220A max
1,5
140
2,5
230
4,0
370
Ø 6 mm
315A max
1,5
90
2,5
150
4,0
240
Ø 6 mm
400A max
1,5
60
2,5
100
4,0
160

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 4 -
1. GENERAL
Invertor rectifiers PATON ECO-315 and ECO-400 are intended for DC manual
metal arc welding (MMA). This Standard series is for demanding users who need the
most compact and powerful machine with a rated current of 315A and 400A. This is
enough to use any electrodes, Ø2 mm to Ø6 mm, including high-melting ones, while
the load duration at the rated current is at least 45%, which allows to use the machine
both in the domestic and industrial sectors (medium-size enterprises, large
workshops, fleets, etc.).
All PATON ECO’s have undervoltage protection units.
Due to the increase in the frequency of the voltage applied to the power
transformer, it decreases by ten folds, so the machine is a few times lighter and
smaller compared to the classical rectifier with the same output parameters and for
the same rated current.
Main advantages:
1. Beside the surge protection, the machine has a system regulating voltage in
case of large long-term change of interphase voltage from 320V to 440V;
2. The machine is low-voltage-adapted. Due to the high efficiency, the machine
uses twice as little power compared to traditional rectifiers;
3. The machine is easy-to-use due to the good load duration (LD) at the rated
current, which allows continuous welding with Ø5 mm electrodes at their
recommended current;
4. Due to its design, the machine is highly reliable in dusty production
environment;
5. The printed circuit boards are covered with two layers of high-quality varnish
that ensures the reliable operation of electronics during the entire service life;
6. Smooth adjustment of arc current within the whole range;
7. Improved initiation and stability of the arc, which prevents the electrode
sticking.
8. The smaller and lighter machine has the same technical characteristics, which
makes welding in hard-to-reach places simple.

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PARAMETERS
ECO –315
ECO –400
Rated voltage of three-phase mains 50Hz, V
3x380
3x380
Rated current consumption in one phase, A
15,3
22,2
Rated arc current, A
315
400
Maximum rms current, A
390
500
Load duration (LD)
45% / at 315A
100% / at 210A
45% / at 400A
100% / at 265A
Interphase voltage change limit, V
±15%
±15%
Arc current adjustment range, A
50 –315
60 –400
Hot-Start
✓
✓
Arc-Force
✓
✓
Anti-Stick
✓
✓
Open-circuit voltage, V
70 or lower
70 or lower
Arc striking voltage, V
110
110
Rated input, kVA
10,1
14,6
Maximum input, kVA
12,7
18,7
Efficiency, %
90
90
Cooling
forced
forced
Operating temperature
–25 … +45ºС
–25 … +45ºС
Overall dimensions (length, width, height), mm:
315 х 145 х 295
380 х 145 х 295
Weight, kg
7,2
8,7
IP rating*
IP21
IP21
*The casing of ECO series machines prevents getting of foreign bodies with a diameter
greater than 5,5 mm inside the machines and protects them against the vertically
dripping water

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 6 -
Recommended length of power welding cables for welding:
Machine model
Cable length, m
(one way)
Cross section,
mm2
Cable brand
ECO –315
1…10
25
KG 1х25
2…14
35
KG 1х35
3…20
50
KG 1х50
ECO –400
3…30
35
KG 1х35
5…45
50
KG 1х50
Fig.1. Control elements

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1 –Arc current controller; ensures smooth adjustment of arc current.
2 –Status indicator:
a) continuously green –machine is ready for operation;
b) flashing yellow while welding is in progress –operating mode;
c) continuously yellow –source overheated;
d) not lit –no power;
3 –Power switch;
А–Bayonet socket “+”:
for MMA welding an electrode holder cable is connected (very occasionally, when
special electrodes are used, a ground terminal cable is connected);
B –Bayonet socket “-”:
for MMA welding a ground terminal cable is connected (very occasionally, when
special electrodes are used, an electrode holder cable is connected).
2. COMMISSIONING
WARNING! Please, read p.11 Safety Rules before commissioning.
2.1 INTENDED USE
The welding machine is intended for manual metal arc welding only.
Any other use of the machine is inappropriate. The manufacturer is not liable for
damage caused by inappropriate use of the machine.
Using as intended means to observe the instructions in this operation manual.
WARNING! Do not use the welding machine to defrost pipes.
2.2 ENVIRONMENT
The welding machine is protected against the penetration of solid foreign bodies
with a diameter of more than 5.5 mm.
The welding machine can be used outdoors. The electrical parts inside the
machine are protected against moisture.
WARNING! Do not turn off the machine immediately after welding in hot weather
or intensive welding in any weather! Let the electronic components cool down for 5
minutes.
WARNING! When you use the machine in cold weather, please, remember that
after the machine is turned off and cooled down, condensate is formed inside of it.
So, it can be turned on again only 3-4 hours after!!!
Therefore, do not turn off the machine in the cold season if you plan to use it again
less than 4 hours after.
WARNING! The machine can become life-threatening after falling down. Put it
on a stable solid surface.
Put the machine in such a way to ensure free flow of cooling air through the
ventilation holes on the front and rear panels. Make sure that metal dust (for example,
during emery grinding) is not sucked into the machine by the cooling fan.

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 8 -
2.3 POWER CONNECTION
The standard welding machine is designed for a three-phase mains voltage of
3x380V (do not use the neutral conductor N of the supply mains for grounding).
WARNING! The manufacturer is not liable for any damages caused by using
the device at the supply voltage over 450V!
The mains connector, power cable cross-section, and fuses must be selected
based on the specifications given on page 4.
2.4 MAINS PLUG CONNECTION
WARNING! The mains plug must correspond to the supply voltage and the
current consumption of the welding machine (see the specifications). Ground
properly according to the safety regulations. The neutral conductor ground is
prohibited!!!
3. MANUAL METAL ARC WELDING (MMA)
- insert the electrode holder cable into the A + source socket;
- insert the ground terminal cable into the B - source socket;
- connect the ground terminal cable to the product;
- connect the mains cable to the three-phase mains;
- set power switch 3 to I position.
Fig.2. Machine connection diagram for MMA welding
CAUTION! After power switch 3 is in I position, the stick electrode is
energized. Do not touch the conductive or grounded parts, such as the welding
machine casing, etc., with this electrode.
3.1 HOT-START FUNCTION
The advantages:
- improved arc striking, even when electrodes with difficult arc striking are used;
- better penetrating in the base metal during striking, therefore, less incomplete
penetration;
- no slag inclusions.
Electrode holder
Ground terminal
Product

- 9 - PATON ECO series DC MMA
The above is due to the following:
For a short time at the moment of arc striking, the arc current increases by 33%
of the specified arc current (Fig.3).
Example: Ø3mm electrode welding
The arc current set by the controller is 90A.
The Hot Start current is 90A + 33% = 120A.
Fig.3. HOT-START function
3.2 ARC-FORCE FUNCTION
The advantages:
- increased stability of welding with a short arc;
- better transfer of metal drops in the weld pool;
- improved arc striking;
- less electrode sticking.
The above is due to the following:
When the arc voltage is below the set limit, the arc current increases by 30% of
the set one (Fig.4).
Fig.4. ARC-FORCE function

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 10 -
3.3 ANTI-STICK FUNCTION
During the initial arc striking, the electrode can stick to the product, which can
result in overheating and even damaging the electrode.
If the electrode sticks to the product, the machine reduces the arc current after
0.6...0.8 seconds. This makes it easier for the welder to separate (tear off) the
electrode from the product without the risk of burning the eyes through an accidental
arc striking. After the electrode is torn off the product, welding can be continued.
4. MAINTENANCE
WARNING! Before you open the machine for preventive maintenance, turn
it off and withdraw the mains plug. Let the internal circuits discharge (for 5
minutes) first and then proceed. When you carry out maintenance, put a sign
prohibiting to turn the machine on.
To ensure the normal operation of the machine for many years, please, follow a
few rules:
-carry out safety inspection according to the schedule (see the Safety Rules
section);
-in case of intensive use, blow the machine through with dry compressed air
once a year. Warning! Blowing through from a too short distance may damage
the electronic components;
-if there is much dust, clean the cooling lines manually.
5. GENERATOR OPERATION
The power source can be fed from the generator if the following conditions are
met:
Electrode
Current
Min capacity of three-
phase generator, kVA
Ø2
80А max
2,6
Ø3
120A max
4,1
Ø4
160A max
5,5
Ø5
220A max
8,3
Ø6
315A max
12,7
Ø6
400A or less
18,5
WARNING! For trouble-free operation, the output phase-to-phase voltage
of the generator should be within the range of 320-440V!
6. STORAGE
The packed machine removed from operation should be stored under storage
conditions 4 according to GOST 15150-69 for 3 years.

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The machine put back into operation should be stored in a dry closed room at the
temperature of plus 5 0Сor higher. There must be no acid vapors or any other active
substances in the room.
7. TRANSPORTATION
A packed machine can be transported by all modes of transport ensuring its
safety while observing the rules of transportation established for this type of vehicles.
8. SPECIFICATIONS
ATTENTION! If the machine is designed for a special supply voltage, its
specifications are given on the identification plate on the top or rear panel. In this
case, the mains plug and mains cable should be selected according to the voltage
used.
Parameters
ECO-315
ECO-400
Rated mains voltage 50/60Hz, V
~3x380
~3x380
Mains voltage change limits, V
±15%
±15%
Efficiency, %
90
90
Arc current adjustment range, A
50 –315
60 –400
Arc current at:
5 min / 45% LD
5 min / 100% LD
315 A
210 A
400 A
265 A
Max current consumption, kVA
12,7
18,5
Normal operating voltage:
- MMA stick electrode
23,4 –29 V
24 –33 V
9. SCOPE OF SUPPLY
1. Machine with mains cable –1 pcs;
2. Shoulder strap –1 pcs;
3. PATON case –1 pcs;
4. 3m welding cable with holder –1 pcs;
5. 3m welding cable with ground terminal –1 pcs;
6. Operation Manual –1 pcs.

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 12 -
10. TROUBLESHOOTING
Fault
Cause
Correction
No arc current
Power switch is on,
status indicator is off
Mains cable break
Check the mains cable
Interphase voltage of
mains is less than 290V
Turn off the machine and
connect it to the mains with
the appropriate voltage
Power unit malfunction
Turn to the Service Center
No arc current
Power switch is on,
status indicator is green
Bad welding cables
contact
Check the plugs
No arc current
Power switch is on,
status indicator is
yellow
Temperature meter
actuated
Wait for the machine to cool
down; it will turn on
automatically afterwards
Lack of cooling air
Provide sufficient supply of air
Temperature meter
malfunction
Turn to the Service Center
Difficult arc striking
during MMA welding,
power source status
indicator flashes green
Phase-to-phase voltage
at the striking moment is
close to the minimum
allowable value of 350V
If you cannot enlarge the cross
section of input leads, try to
decrease the current set until
you can strike an arc. The take
an electrode according to the
current value.
Arc break during
welding
Too high arc burning
voltage
Find the recommended arc
current in the manufacturer’s
documents and set the
appropriate value
Stick electrode sticks
to the product
Too low arc current value
Set a higher arc current value
Poor welding quality
(high spatter)
Incorrect polarity of
electrode
Change the polarity of
electrode (according to the
manufacturer’s data)
Bad ground contact
Fix the ground terminal as
close to the welding area as
possible

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11. SAFETY RULES
GENERAL
The welding machine is manufactured in accordance with the technical standards and
safety rules established. However, incorrect use can lead to:
- Injuries to staff or a third party;
- Damage to the machine or the tangible assets of the enterprise;
- Operating troubles.
All persons involved in the commissioning, control, and maintenance of the machine
must:
- be certified;
- have knowledge of welding;
- strictly follow this manual.
Any faults that may impair safety must be corrected immediately.
USER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
To ensure personal safety, follow the following rules:
- wear solid footwear that maintains its insulating properties even in wet conditions;
- protect your hands with insulating gloves;
- protect your eyes with a protective mask with an anti-UV filter that meets safety
standards;
- Wear only appropriate (low flammable) clothing.
HARMFUL GASES AND VAPORS
-remove any smoke and harmful gases from the working area using special means;
- ensure efficient supply of fresh air;
- solvent vapors should not be in the welding arc zone.
SPARKS SPREAD HAZARD
- remove inflammable items from the working area;
- welding on containers where gases, fuel, and petroleum products are or were stored
is not allowed as residues of these products may explode;
- follow the special rules in fire and explosion hazardous areas in accordance with the
national and international regulations.
MAINS VOLTAGE AND ARC CURRENT HAZARDS
- electric shock can be fatal. Ground the machine in an appropriate way. Do not use
the neutral conductor for these purpose;
- magnetic fields produced by high-frequency current can have a negative effect on
the performance of electrical appliances (for example, a pacemaker). Persons with such
devices should consult a physician before approaching the welding area;
- welding cable must be strong, intact and insulated. Loose connections and damaged
cable should be replaced immediately. Mains and welding cables should be checked by an
electrician for proper insulation on a regular basis;
- do not remove the outer casing of the machine while using it.
INFORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 14 -
- always keep the manual near the working area;
- in addition to the manual, observe the applicable national and local safety and
environmental regulations;
- ensure all instructions on the welding machine are legible.
STRAY WELDING CURRENTS
- ensure that the ground cable terminal is firmly attached to the welding point;
- if possible, do not put the welding machine directly on a conductive floor or work
table coating. Use insulating gaskets.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN NORMAL CONDITIONS
Check the machine for external damage and its safety devices at least once a week.

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12. WIRING DIAGRAM
Wiring diagram of PATON ECO-315/400 DC ММА

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 16 -
13. WARRANTY
The Pilot Plant of Welding Equipment of the Institute of Electric Welding named
after Ye. O. Paton guarantees the proper operation of the machine if the user
observes the operation, storage and transportation rules.
WARNING! Free warranty repair is not provided for mechanically damaged
welding machine!
The period of basic warranty for welding inverters of the ECO series is __ years.
The basic warranty period starts from the date of sale of inverter to the ultimate
buyer.
During the basic warranty period, the seller undertakes, free of charge for the
owner of the PATON TM inverter equipment, to:
- carry out diagnostics and identify the fault cause,
- provide units and elements necessary for the repair,
- replace failed elements and units,
- test the repaired equipment.
The basic warranty does not apply to the following machines:
- with mechanical damage that affected the machine performance (deformation of
the casing and parts as a result of falling of the machine or falling of heavy objects on
the machine, falling out of buttons and connectors),
- damaged due to corrosion,
- broken down due to the impact of moisture on its power and electronic elements,
- broken down due to conductive dust (coal dust, metal chips, etc.) inside,
- if user attempted to repair the machine components and/or replace its electronic
components by himself,
- depending on the operating conditions, in order to avoid the machine breakdown,
we recommend to remove its protective cover and clean the internal elements and
components with compressed air every six months. Clean the machine carefully. Keep
the compressor hose at a proper distance to avoid damaging the soldering of
electronic components and mechanical parts.
The basic warranty does not apply to external elements of the machine
damaged due to physical contact, and related products/consumables, claims for which
are accepted no later than two weeks after the sale:
- on/off button,
- knobs for adjusting welding parameters,
- cable connectors,
- control connectors,
- mains cable and its plug,
- carrying handle, shoulder strap, case, box,
- electrode holder, ground terminal, welding cables.

- 17 - PATON ECO series DC MMA
The seller reserves the right to refuse to provide warranty repairs, or set the
month and year of the machine manufacture (identified by serial number) as the start
of warranty period:
- if the user lost the data sheet,
- if the seller did not fill in the data sheet when selling the machine or filled it in
incorrectly,
- warranty period is extended for a period of warranty service of the machine in
the service center.
ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE
Inverter Rectifier PATON ECO-315/400
Serial number В________________Sis ready for operation.
Date of sale _____________________ , 20____
Seal ________________________
(Seller's signature)

PATON ECO series DC MMA - 18 -
Date of acceptance for repairs _________________, 20____
__________________
(signature)
Signs of breakdown:
____________________________________________________________________
Cause: ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
================================================================
Date of acceptance for repairs _________________, 20____
__________________
(signature)
Signs of breakdown:
____________________________________________________________________
Cause: ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
================================================================

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Date of acceptance for repairs _________________, 20____
__________________
(signature)
Signs of breakdown:
____________________________________________________________________
Cause: ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
================================================================
Date of acceptance for repairs _________________, 20____
__________________
(signature)
Signs of breakdown:
____________________________________________________________________
Cause: ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
================================================================