PCB Piezotronics M134A27 User manual

Model M134A27
Tourmaline ICP® pressure bar, 20k psi, 0.25 mV/psi, 0.2 microsecond rise
Installation and Operating Manual
For assistance with the operation of this product,
contact PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
Toll-free: 800-828-8840
24-hour SensorLine: 716-684-0001
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.pcb.com

Manual 21354 Rev E
ECN 50523
Repair and Maintenance
PCB guarantees Total Customer Satisfaction through its
“Lifetime Warranty Plus” on all Platinum Stock Products
sold by PCB and through its limited warranties on all other
PCB Stock, Standard and Special products. Due to the
sophisticated nature of our sensors and associated
instrumentation, field servicing and repair is not
recommended and, if attempted, will void the factory
warranty.
Beyond routine calibration and battery replacements
where applicable, our products require no user
maintenance. Clean electrical connectors, housings, and
mounting surfaces with solutions and techniques that will
not harm the material of construction. Observe caution
when using liquids near devices that are not hermetically
sealed. Such devices should only be wiped with a
dampened cloth—never saturated or submerged.
In the event that equipment becomes damaged or ceases
to operate, our Application Engineers are here to support
your troubleshooting efforts 24 hours a day, 7 days a
week. Call or email with model and serial number as well
as a brief description of the problem.
Calibration
Routine calibration of sensors and associated
instrumentation is necessary to maintain measurement
accuracy. We recommend calibrating on an annual basis,
after exposure to any extreme environmental influence,
or prior to any critical test.
PCB Piezotronics is an ISO-9001 certified company whose
calibration services are accredited by A2LA to ISO/IEC
17025, with full traceability to SI through N.I.S.T. In
addition to our standard calibration services, we also offer
specialized tests, including: sensitivity at elevated or
cryogenic temperatures, phase response, extended high
or low frequency response, extended range, leak testing,
hydrostatic pressure testing, and others. For more
information, contact your local PCB Piezotronics
distributor, sales representative, or factory customer
service representative.
Returning Equipment
If factory repair is required, our representatives will
provide you with a Return Material Authorization (RMA)
number, which we use to reference any information you
have already provided and expedite the repair process.
This number should be clearly marked on the outside of
all returned package(s) and on any packing list(s)
accompanying the shipment.
Contact Information
PCB Piezotronics, Inc.
3425 Walden Ave.
Depew, NY14043 USA
Toll-free: [phone]
24-hour SensorLine: [phone]
General inquiries: in[email protected]
Repair inquiries: [e-mail]
For a complete list of distributors, global offices and sales
representatives, visit our website, www.pcb.com.
Safety Considerations
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel
who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the
precautions required to avoid injury. While our equipment
is designed with user safety in mind, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired if equipment
is used in a manner not specified by this manual.
Discontinue use and contact our 24-Hour Sensorline if:
Assistance is needed to safely operate equipment
Damage is visible or suspected
Equipment fails or malfunctions
For complete equipment ratings, refer to the enclosed
specification sheet for your product.
Definition of Terms and Symbols
The following symbols may be used in this manual:
DANGER
Indicates an immediate hazardous
situation, which, if not avoided, may
result in death or serious injury.

Manual 21354 Rev E
ECN 50523
CAUTION
Refers to hazards that could damage
the instrument.
NOTE
Indicates tips, recommendations and
important information. The notes
simplify processes and contain
additional information on particular
operating steps.
The following symbols may be found on the equipment
described in this manual:
This symbol on the unit indicates that
high voltage may be present. Use
standard safety precautions to avoid
personal contact with this voltage.
This symbol on the unit indicates that
the user should refer to the operating
instructions located in the manual.
This symbol indicates safety, earth
ground.

Manual 21354 Rev E
ECN 50523
PCB工业监视和测量设备 - 中国RoHS2公布表
PCB Industrial Monitoring and Measuring Equipment - China RoHS 2 Disclosure Table
部件名称
有害物质
铅(Pb)
汞
(Hg)
镉
(Cd)
六价铬(Cr(VI))
多溴联苯 (PBB)
多溴二苯醚(PBDE)
住房
O
O
O
O
O
O
PCB板
X
O
O
O
O
O
电气连接器
O
O
O
O
O
O
压电晶体
X
O
O
O
O
O
环氧
O
O
O
O
O
O
铁氟龙
O
O
O
O
O
O
电子
O
O
O
O
O
O
厚膜基板
O
O
X
O
O
O
电线
O
O
O
O
O
O
电缆
X
O
O
O
O
O
塑料
O
O
O
O
O
O
焊接
X
O
O
O
O
O
铜合金/黄铜
X
O
O
O
O
O
本表格依据 SJ/T 11364 的规定编制。
O：表示该有害物质在该部件所有均质材料中的含量均在 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求以下。
X：表示该有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求。
铅是欧洲RoHS指令2011/65/ EU附件三和附件四目前由于允许的豁免。
CHINA RoHS COMPLIANCE

Manual 21354 Rev E
ECN 50523
Component Name
Hazardous Substances
Lead (Pb)
Mercury (Hg)
Cadmium (Cd)
Chromium VI
Compounds
(Cr(VI))
Polybrominated
Biphenyls (PBB)
Polybrominated
Diphenyl Ethers
(PBDE)
Housing
O
O
O
O
O
O
PCB Board
X
O
O
O
O
O
Electrical Connectors
O
O
O
O
O
O
Piezoelectric Crystals
X
O
O
O
O
O
Epoxy
O
O
O
O
O
O
Teflon
O
O
O
O
O
O
Electronics
O
O
O
O
O
O
Thick Film Substrate
O
O
X
O
O
O
Wires
O
O
O
O
O
O
Cables
X
O
O
O
O
O
Plastic
O
O
O
O
O
O
Solder
X
O
O
O
O
O
Copper Alloy/Brass
X
O
O
O
O
O
This table is prepared in accordance with the provisions of SJ/T 11364.
O: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit
requirement of GB/T 26572.
X: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials for this part is above the limit
requirement of GB/T 26572.
Lead is present due to allowed exemption in Annex III or Annex IV of the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU.

Drawing Number: 21096
Revision: NR
SERIES 134A20 TOURMALINE PRESSURE BAR GENERAL OPERATION MANUAL 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Series 134A20 Tourmaline Pressure Bar with In-
Line Amplifier consists of a Series 134A
Tourmaline Pressure Bar connected to a three-inch,
low-noise cable that connects into Series 402 In-
Line Source Follower Voltage Amplifier. See
Figure 1.
The Tourmaline Pressure Bars is a high-pressure,
fast rise time, suppressed-resonance blast sensor
ideal for single-shot, high-frequency measurements
of incident or reflected shock wave pressures found
in studies of plasma physics and hyper-sonics.
Ranges up to 20,000 psi are available.
The Series 134A20 is typically powered by a PCB
Series 480 ICP®Power Conditioner (constant
current) or equivalent. Power and signal is
conducted over a single-conductor coaxial cable
with the shield serving as a signal return. Output
from the power conditioner is usually fed into a
high-speed readout instrument, such as a digital
oscilloscope.
2.0 DESCRIPTION
The Series 134A20 Tourmaline Pressure Bar with
In-Line Amplifier consists of three components
attached together and calibrated as a system. The
Series 134A Tourmaline Pressure Bar senses and
transduces a pressure/shock wave into a high-
impedance, electrostatic charge. This charge is sent
through the three-inch, low-noise cable into the
Series 402A In-Line Amplifier, where it is
converted into a low-impedance voltage with less
than 100 ohms output impedance. See Figure 2.
The circuit in the in-line amplifier consists of a
MOSFET input IC with a very high trans-
conductance, resulting in a voltage gain that is very
close to unity. The source terminal "follows" the
gate voltage instantaneously, without a shift in
phase (i.e., the amplifier is non-inverting).
2.1 SYSTEM OUTPUT
The system output of Series 134A20 is a low-
impedance output governed by the following
equation:
3
C
2
C
1
C
Q
V 
where:
 V = voltage sensitivity of system (V/psi)
 Q = charge output of Tourmaline Bar (pC/psi),
Model 134A
 C1 = capacitance of Tourmaline Bar (pF),
Series 134A
 C2 = capacitance of three-inch cable (pF),
Model 003A000-03
 C3 = capacitance of input of in-line amplifier
(pF), Series 402A
A system calibration is supplied with Series
134A20 that shows the system output in mV/psi.
3.0 INSTALLATION
See the Installation Drawing included in the back
of this manual for a description of the Tourmaline
Bar and its installation. Install in a gas medium
where the measurement is to be taken. The sensor
can not be normally used in a liquid medium.

Drawing Number: 21096
Revision: NR
SERIES 134A20 TOURMALINE PRESSURE BAR GENERAL OPERATION MANUAL 2
Connect the Series 134A20 Tourmaline Pressure
Bar with In-Line Amplifier to a PCB power
conditioner. Connect the output of the power
conditioner to an appropriate readout instrument.
Tie the three-inch, low-noise cable to a rigid
structure to prevent excessive motion and noise.
Allow for strain relief.
Caution
If the tourmaline pressure bar or the three-inch
cable become disconnected from the in-line
amplifier, take caution to momentarily electrically
short out the cable and tourmaline pressure bar
before reconnecting the cable to the in-line
amplifier. This prevents any unusual high charge
buildup from damaging the input stage of the in-
line amplifier.
Black vinyl tape is supplied on the sensing end of
the tourmaline bar to dampen heat transfer into the
sensing crystal. This tape can be removed and
replaced if damaged.
4.0 OPERATION
Switch on the (PCB) power conditioner and
observe the bias monitoring voltmeter (or LED) on
the front panel.
If the indicator reads proper bias (green area on the
meter, approximately 11 volts), the connections
from the Series 402A In-Line Amplifier are correct
and the in-line amplifier is operational. If the meter
reads in the red or yellow areas, the system is
shorted or open. The short or open circuit may be
in the in-line amplifier, the cable connecting the in-
line amplifier to the power conditioner, or in the
power conditioner.
Allow the system to stabilize for a minute. A signal
drift may occur when connecting the power
conditioner to the readout instrument. This should
stabilize as components in the power conditioner
and readout instrument charge.
If long cables between the Series 134A20 and the
power conditioner are used, impedance matching
of the long cable and increase of the constant
current in the power conditioner may be required
because of the high-speed response of the sensor.
Check with PCB if there are questions.
5.0 CALIBRATION
The tourmaline pressure bar must be calibrated
dynamically. The tourmaline pressure bar does not
measure static pressures. In addition, application of
high static pressure to the tourmaline bar may cause
damage.
Two methods are used at PCB to calibrate the
Series 134A20: a shock tube and a hydraulic pulse
tester. The shock tube is used primarily to check
the sub-microsecond response of the tourmaline
pressure bar.
The hydraulic pulse tester is used to generate a
known, short-duration pressure pulse at five
different pressure levels to determine the average
sensitivity of the sensor.
Recalibration services are offered by PCB. In
addition, the shock tube and hydraulic pulse
calibrator are offered as standard products by PCB.
6.0 USE OF CHARGE MODE
TOURMALINE PRESSURE
BAR
The tourmaline pressure bar is a charge output
piezoelectric sensor that can be used without the in-
line source follower amplifier for certain
applications. Calibration information is supplied
showing (charge) output sensitivity of the
tourmaline bar alone, along with its crystal
capacitance.

Drawing Number: 21096
Revision: NR
SERIES 134A20 TOURMALINE PRESSURE BAR GENERAL OPERATION MANUAL 3
Note that the Series 402A In-Line Amplifier
features a frequency response of greater than 1
MHz. A charge amplifier used with the tourmaline
pressure bar may limit the upper frequency
response of the system.
Connecting the Series 134A Tourmaline Pressure
Bar directly to a readout instrument without the use
of the Series 402A In-Line Amplifier or other
impedance-converting device can be done with
some limitations. The input impedance of the
readout instrument may be significantly low to
create a very high-pass filtering effect. This can
affect measurement of pulse duration or amplitude
of a slow-rising pulse. Also, the voltage sensitivity
of the output of the tourmaline bar into the readout
instrument is affected by the cable capacitance and
input capacitance of the readout instrument.
Contact the factory with any questions regarding
use of the sensor in the charge output mode.
6.1 USE OF THE IN-LINE
AMPLIFIER
The Series 402A In-Line Amplifier is used to
convert the high-impedance output of the
tourmaline pressure bar into a low-impedance
output. The in-line amplifier may also be used as a
unity gain amplifier for checking system frequency
response. A signal generator is connected to the
input of the in-line amplifier and fed through the
system.
7.0 MAINTENANCE AND
REPAIR
The electrical connectors on the tourmaline
pressure bar, the input of the in-line amplifier, and
the three-inch, low-noise cable must be kept clean
and dry, especially if they are operating in a dusty
or wet environment. This is to prevent drift due to
low insulation resistance. Also, note the following
precautions:
1. Do not exceed maximum levels.
2. Constant temperatures around the tourmaline bar
should be limited to 150F. Short-term exposure to
higher temperatures, such as that found in a blast
wave, do not cause damage.
3. Use only PCB power conditioners or approved
alternative.
4. Current to the in-line amplifier must be limited
to not more than 20 mA to avoid damage.
5. If the tourmaline pressure bar and in-line
amplifier are to be left outside overnight or in
humid or rainy environments, they should be coated
with silicone oil and covered.