PCE Instruments PCE-VS11 User manual

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FL-33458
USA
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www.pce-instruments.com
PCE Instruments UK Ltd.
Units 12/13
Southpoint Business Park
Ensign way
Hampshire / Southampton
United Kingdom, SO31 4RF
From outside UK: +44
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
[email protected]

Inhaltsverzeichnis
.Application.............................................................................................................4
2.The Devices at a Glance..........................................................................................4
3.Connectors..............................................................................................................5
3. .Power Supply..................................................................................................5
3.2.Relay Output...................................................................................................5
3.3.USB Interface..................................................................................................6
4.Parametrization.......................................................................................................6
4. .Device Identification.......................................................................................6
4.2.Settings............................................................................................................7
4.2. .General.....................................................................................................7
4.2.2.Monitoring Mode.....................................................................................7
4.2.3.Gain.........................................................................................................7
4.2.4.Filters and Integrators..............................................................................8
4.2.5.Warning and Alarm Limits.......................................................................8
4.2.6.Switching Output.....................................................................................8
4.2.7.Factory Settings / Calibration...................................................................9
4.3.LED Status Indicators......................................................................................9
5.Measuring in the Time Domain...............................................................................9
6.Measuring in the Frequency Range (FFT)............................................................
7.Teach-in Function................................................................................................. 2
8.Measuring Points on Rotating Machines.............................................................. 3
8. .General.......................................................................................................... 3
8.2.Attachment.................................................................................................... 3
8.3.Attachment Recommendations to ISO 08 6- ............................................. 3
9.Vibration Monitoring with Standard Limits.......................................................... 4
0.Installing the PC Software.................................................................................. 7
.Integration of VS / 2 with other Software........................................................ 8
2.Firmware Update................................................................................................ 8
3.Technical Data....................................................................................................20

1. Application
The PCE-VS / 2 vibration switches are designed to monitor vibration amplitudes on ro-
tating machines (see. Chapter 9). When a given amplitude is exceeded an alarm sig-
nal or automatic shutdown is triggered via the relay output. Similarly, the devices
can be used as impact detectors, for example, to report collisions.
The PCE-VS and PCE-VS 2 devices measure and monitor vibration in both the time and
frequency domain, for this reason they can selectively monitor individual frequency
band components.
The devices possess a piezoelectric precision accelerometer and micro-controller-
based electronics. This ensures high reliability and reproducibility. The devices are
configured via a USB interface and free software. Due to its wide range of settings
PCE-VS / 2 can be adjusted to every application, from the measurement of low vibra-
tions to the detection of high-frequency shock accelerations.
2. The Devices at a Glance
PCE-VS :
PCE-VS 2:
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3. Connectors
3.1. Power S pply
The PCE-VS vibration switch operates with DC voltage in monitoring mode, the termi-
nals "+ U" (positive) and "0V" (negative/ground) must be connected inside the cas-
ing. The supply voltage range is 5 to 26 V. Power consumption is less than 00 mA.
During parameter setting the PCE-VS obtains its power via the USB cable.
The PCE-VS 2 is powered by connecting a USB cable to the 8-pin socket. Alternatively,
a DC voltage of 5 to 30 V can be connected at the terminals 4 (positive pole) and 7
(minus/ground) of the 8-pin socket (Figure 2).
The supply voltage connection is protected against false polarity.
3.2. Relay O tp t
The devices contain a PhotoMOS relay. The relay switching behavior can be pro-
grammed with the PCE-VS x software (see. Chapter 4.2.6). The relay terminals are gal-
vanically isolated from the rest of the circuit.
The PCE-VS relay output is connected via screw terminals inside the housing (Figure
).
PCE-VS 2 has relay terminals located at contacts and 2 of the 8-pin socket (Figure 2).
Metra offers connection cables for PCE-VS 2 with an 8-pin connector for power supply
and relay output.
Please note that the relay is only suitable for switching small loads (see. Chapter
Technical Data). No overload protection is provided.
5
Figure 2: Outside view of the PCE-VS 2 socket with terminal numbers
Figure : Open PCE-VS with terminals for power supply / relay output and USB socket

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recognized. Otherwise, you can start the search manually by clicking on "Search
PCE-VS x". The computer then searches from the entered COM port number and ends
with COM50. You can also manually change the COM port. This may be useful if
several PCE-VS / 2 are connected to the computer at the same time. The program
works with COM port numbers to 50.
On the top right you will see a status bar. If the green framed “OK” signal is shown
the connection has been established. If the connection is interrupted the red framed
“ERROR” signal will be shown.
4.2. Settings
4.2.1. General
The current settings are read as soon as the device is detected. In the line next to the
COM port number you can see the type, version (3 digits for hardware and 3 digits
for software), serial number and date of last calibration. This information cannot be
edited. The device name can be overwritten and transferred to the device by pressing
“Enter”.
Press the “Save” button to save the settings as an XML file and “Load” to upload
them into the program. The adjustable parameters are assigned to the function
blocks “Gain”, “Filters/Integrators”, “Warning”/Alarm” and “Switch Output”.
All entries will immediately be transferred to PCE-VS / 2 and retained even after dis-
connecting the supply voltage.
4.2.2. Monitoring Mode
PCE-VS / 2 has two monitoring modes to choose from:
•Monitoring in the time domain with RMS and peak values (see Chapter 5)
•Monitoring in the frequency domain with frequency-band-dependent limit values
(see Chapter 6)
Select the mode under “Monitoring”. The most recently selected mode and the cor-
responding limits will remain active after closing the program or interrupting the
USB connection. The same applies to the teach-in function (see. Chapter 7).
4.2.3. Gain
The gain can be selected from values , 0 and 00 via the “Fix” menu. The “Auto”
setting automatically selects the most appropriate gain range. In this case the gain
menu is grayed-out.
Most monitoring tasks can be carried out using automatic gain (auto). It is advanta-
geous because it achieves a better resolution when measuring low vibration ampli-
tudes at higher gain levels. On the other hand unexpected high amplitudes do not
cause overload.
There are, however, applications for which automatic gain selection is inappropriate,
for example, at amplitudes that constantly fluctuate around a switching point or fre -
quent single shocks.
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4.2.4. Filters and Integrators
PCE-VS / 2 can monitor vibration acceleration or vibration velocity. A range of high
and low pass filters are available for selection. The widest frequency range is 0. Hz
to 0 kHz for acceleration, and 2 to 000 Hz for velocity. The frequency range is ad-
justed via a drop-down menu. The three vibration velocity ranges can be found at
the end of the menu. For information on customary frequency ranges in monitoring
rotating machinery, see Chapter 9.
Setting the filters and integrators is only relevant when monitoring in the time do -
main (RMS and peak). In the FFT mode they are deactivated.
4.2.5. Warning and Alarm Limits
You can select the monitoring value from the “RMS/Peak” menu. RMS values are
typically used for measuring vibration, and peak values for single impacts.
The alarm limit determines the switching threshold of the relay output. It is entered
in m/s² for acceleration or mm/s for velocity. The permissible value range is 0. to
500.0.
The warning limit is entered as a percentage of the alarm value.
Values ranging from 0 to 99% are permissible. The warning limit can be used to in-
dicate pre-alarm status via the LEDs before the alarm is triggered (see Chapter 4.3).
The “teach-in-factor” is an automatic measuring function for the alarm limit (see
Chapter 7). It determines how far the alarm limit is set above the currently measured
maximum value. The teach-in warning limit is always set at 50%.
It is only necessary to preset the monitoring variables and the alarm limit when mea-
suring in the time domain (RMS and peak). In FFT mode the alarm limit is set in the
FFT window (see Chapter 6).
4.2.6. Switching O tp t
The PCE-VS / 2 contains a PhotoMOS relay switch. The switching function can be
specified in the options menu. The relay opens (n.c.) or closes (n.o.) in response to a
warning or alarm signal.
The power-on delay is the delay between switching on the power and activation of
the monitoring function. It helps prevent false alarm signals after switching on the
device caused by the transient response of the signal processing.
The delay range is 0 to 99 seconds.
The power-on delay is the delay between the alarm threshold being exceeded and the
relay switching. At zero the relay reacts immediately.
If a minimum time duration should apply to exceeding the alarm limit, a switching
delay of up to 99 seconds can be entered.
The “Hold time” is the time when the amplitude falls below the alarm limit until the
relay returns to normal status. This setting can be useful if a minimum alert duration
is required. The range is from 0 to 9 seconds.
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4.2.7. Factory Settings / Calibration
By clicking the “Set defaults” button all parameters are restored to factory settings
(acceleration 2- 000 Hz, automatic gain, limit value 0 m/s², pre-alarm to 50%,
teach-in factor 2, relay close when alarm is triggered, switching delay 0 s, alarm
delay 0 s, hold time 2 s).
The calibration password (“Cal. Password”) only needs to be entered by calibration
labs.
4.3. LED Stat s Indicators
The PCE-VS signalizes the current status via four green/red LEDs. Whenever the de-
vice is ready for operation all LEDs light up. The LEDs have the following configu-
ration:
4 x green: no warning / no alarm
2 x green/ 2 x red: warning limit exceeded
4 x red: alarm limit exceeded
The LEDs show the current vibration level in relation to the limit values.
They may differ from the current switching status of the relay if the switching delay
or the hold time has not yet elapsed.
5. Meas ring in the Time Domain
Besides vibration monitoring with switch output, the PCE-VS 2 can be used in conjunc-
tion with PC software to record and display RMS and peak values with the selected
filer and integrator settings.
For this purpose switch to the tab “RMS/Peak”. The upper window contains the nu-
merical display for RMS and peak. The time chart plots the course of the vibration
quantity selected under “Plot” (Figure 4).
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By right clicking on the chart area you can automatically
scale the chart (auto scaling Y). Double-clicking on the
scale label of the Y-axis allows you to manually rescale
the axis by overwriting it.
Scaling the frequency axis (X) is unnecessary because it
is fixed by the frequency range of the FFT ( / 0 kHz).
The Y-axis can be displayed by a linear or logarithmic
scale.
To export the chart data the same options as in the time-
domain measurements are available (see Section 9).
Input fields for 0 amplitudes and 0 frequencies are lo-
cated under the chart menu. Here you can specify a limit
line which is placed in the frequency spectrum and signals
an alarm when the limit is exceeded. The limit line en-
ables you to selectively monitor spectral components. This may be advantageous in
order to monitor a particular component from among a mix of vibration frequencies.
For the switching mode, warning limit and delay time the settings described in sec-
tions 4.2.5 and 4.2.6 apply.
In the row with 0 frequencies you can enter any desired value in the range of Hz
to 000 or 0000 Hz (depending on the filter range selected). The only condition is
that the frequencies ascend from left to right. The amplitude entered below the fre-
quency in m/s² is the limit of the next lower frequency up to this frequency. If you
need less than 0 basic parameters you can also enter the maximum frequency of
000 or 0000 Hz with the corresponding amplitude limit further to the left.
In this case the values to the right of the maximum frequency will be ignored.
The limit curve can be shown or hidden on the chart. The VS / 2 limit monitoring
nevertheless always remains active.
7. Teach-in F nction
The PCE-VS has a teach-in function for calibrating the alarm limit. A PC is not re-
quired for this function. To use the teach-in function the vibration switch has to be
mounted onto the object to be measured, which should be in ready-to-monitor oper-
ating status.
To activate the teach-in function remove the screw cover labeled “teach-in” and
briefly press the button underneath with a long, non-conductive object. When doing
this be careful to avoid impacts on the casing.
According to the selected monitoring mode, the vibration switch will now determine
the alarm threshold based on the available values.
This can take between 4 and 40 s, during which the LEDs remain unlit. Meanwhile
the following processes will run in the vibration switch:
•With RMS and peak monitoring in the time domain the selected monitoring
quantity with the set filter range is measured for a few seconds. The resulting
RMS and peak values are multiplied by the teach-in factor (programmed under
set-up) and saved as the alarm limit. The warning limit is set at 50 %.
Before activating the teach-in function please select a suitable filter range.
2
Figure 8: Chart Menu

•With FFT monitoring in the frequency domain the frequency spectrum up to
0 kHz is measured and averaged for a few seconds and the results are recorded.
Subsequently, the largest spectral line is determined. If this line is below kHz,
the analysis will be repeated with a kHz band width. The frequency range will
then be subdivided into ten equally wide intervals of 00 or 000 Hz. For each of
these ranges the amplitude with the largest spectral line, is multiplied by the
teach-in factor, and set as the limit. If the maximum lies on the margin of an in-
terval, the next interval will also be set at this limit. The warning limit is also set
at 50 %.
In this way the alarm limit can be determined without knowledge of the actual accel-
eration and velocity. The teach-in factor determines the permissible tolerance.
Attention: Please do not touch the PCE-VS during the teach-in process.
8. Meas ring Points on Rotating Machines
8.1. General
For monitoring the condition of a machine selecting suitable measuring points is de-
cisive. Whenever possible trained personnel with experience in machine monitoring
should be called upon.
It is generally advisable to measure machine vibrations as near as possible to their
source. This helps keep measuring signal distortions, due to transferred components,
to a minimum. Suitable measuring location points include rigid parts such as bearing
housings and gearbox housings.
Measuring point locations unsuitable for measuring vibration are light or mechani -
cally flexible machine parts, such as metal sheets or cladding.
8.2. Attachment
The PCE-VS / 2 devices have robust aluminum casing with an M8 thread pin for at-
tachment. The devices should be attached by hand only. Please do not use tools.
8.3. Attachment Recommendations to ISO 10816-1
The ISO 08 6- standard recommends bearing housings or their immediate sur-
roundings as preferred measuring location points for measuring machine vibrations
(Figures 9 to 2).
For the purpose of machine monitoring it is usually sufficient to take measurements
in only one direction, either vertically or horizontally
On machines with horizontal shafts and rigid foundations the largest vibration am-
plitudes occur horizontally. On flexible foundations strong vertical components oc-
cur.
For the purpose of acceptance tests, measuring values should be recorded in all three
directions (vertical, horizontal and axial) on all bearing locations at the center of the
bearing.
The following illustrations are examples of suitable measuring location points.
ISO 3373- provides recommendations for measuring location points on various
machine types.
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Figure 9: Measuring Points on Vertical
Bearings
Figure 0: Measuring Points on Flange
Bearings
Figure : Measuring Points on Electric
Motors Figure 2: Measuring Points on Ma-
chines with Vertical Rotors
9. Vibration Monitoring with Standard Limits
Deriving statements about the condition of a machine from monitoring vibration
limit values requires some experience. If no specific values from previous measure-
ment results are available, in many cases you can refer to the ISO 08 6 recommen-
dations. In these sections of the standard the vibration severity zone limits for vari-
ous machine types are defined. The guidelines can be used for an initial evaluation
of a machines condition. The four zone boundaries characterize the machine in cate-
gories according to vibration severity:
A: New Condition
B: Good condition for unrestricted continuous operation
C: Poor condition – permits restricted operation only
D: Critical condition – danger of machine damage
In the annex of part of the ISO standard (revised in 2009) general zone boundaries
are provided for machines which are not dealt with separately in other parts of the
standard.
4
X
Y
Z
X
Y
Z
Z1 Z2
X2
Y1 Y2
X1
Z
X1 Y1
X2 Y2
X3
X4
Y3
Y4

veff 1 – 1 Hz
45 mm/s
28 mm/s
18 mm/s
14.7 mm/s
Zone
C/D
4,5 – 14,7
mm/s
11.2 mm/s
9.3 mm/s
Zone
B/C
1,8 – 9,3
mm/s
7.1 mm/s
4.5 mm/s
Zone
A/B
0,71 – 4,5
mm/s
2.8 mm/s
1.8 mm/s
1.12 mm/s
.71 mm/s
.45 mm/s
.28 mm/s
D Risk of machine damage
C Restricted operation
B Unrestricted long-term operation possible
A Newly commissioned
Table : Typical Limit Values for Vibration Severity to ISO 08 6-
The ISO standard indicates that small machines such as electric motors with a power
rating of up to 5 kW tend to lie around the lower zone boundaries, whereas large
machines such as motors with flexible foundations lie around the upper zone limits.
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In part 3 of ISO 08 6-2:2009 you will find the zone boundaries for vibration sever-
ity on machines with a power rating of 5 kW bis 50 MW (2).
Machine type
Large machines with
3 kW to 5 MW
Medium sized ma-
chines with 15 to 3
kW
Electric motors with a
shaft height of above
315 mm
Electric motors with a
shaft height between
16 and 315 mm
Foundation flexible rigid flexible rigid
veff 1 – 1 Hz
> 11 mm/s D D D D
> 7.1 mm/s C D D D
> 4.5 mm/s B C C D
> 3.5 mm/s B B B C
> 2.8 mm/s A B B C
> 2.3 mm/s A B B B
> 1.4 mm/s A A A B
< 1.4 mm/s A A A A
D Risk of machine damage
C Restricted operation
B Unrestricted long-term operation possible
A Newly commissioned
Table 2: Classification of Vibration Severity to ISO 08 6-3
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Click the “Load” button and enter the directory of the downloaded firmware file
vs1x.hex. Then click “Send” to start the update process. The progress will be indi-
cated by a bar graph. After a successful update the vibration switch will restart and
“Firmware Updater” will be closed.
Please do not interrupt the update process. After update errors you can restart
“Firmware Updater”.
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13. Technical Data
Sensor Piezoelectric accelerometer, inbuilt
Monitoring Modes Real RMS and Peak
Frequency analysis
Measuring Ranges
Acceleration
Velocity
0.0 – 000 m/s²
Frequency dependent
Acceleration Filters 0. - 00; 0. -200; 0. -500; 0. - 000; 0. -2000; 0. -5000;
0. - 0000; 2- 00; 2-200; 2-500; 2- 000; 2-2000; 2-
5000; 2- 0000; 5- 00; 5-200; 5-500: 5- 000; 5-2000; 5-
5000; 5- 0000; 0- 00; 0-200; 0-500; 0- 000; 0-
2000; 0-5000; 0- 0000; 20- 00; 20-200; 20-500; 20-
000; 20-2000; 20-5000; 20- 0000; 50-200; 50-500; 50-
000; 50-2000; 50-5000; 50- 0000; 00-500; 00- 000;
00-2000; 00-5000; 00- 0000; 200- 000; 200-2000;
200-5000; 200- 0000; 500-2000; 500-5000; 500- 0000;
000-5000; 000- 0000 Hz
Velocity Filters 2- 000; 5- 000; 0- 000 Hz
Frequency Analysis 360 line FFT; peak of acceleration
Frequency ranges: 5- 000, 50- 0000 Hz
Update rate: /s; Window type: Hann
Teach-in Function
(VS )
For teaching in the alarm threshold, via button inside cas-
ing
Relay Output Via screw terminals inside the casing (PCE-VS ) or
via 8 pin connecter Binder 7 (PCE-VS 2)
PhotoMOS relay; SPST; 60 V / 0.5 A (AC/DC); isolated
switch mode (n.o./n.c.) and hold time programmable
Alarm Delay 0 – 99 s
Alarm Hold Time 0 – 9 s
Status Indicators 4 LEDs; green: OK; red/green: warning; red: Alarm
USB Interface USB 2.0, full speed, CDC mode,
PCE-VS : via micro USB socket inside casing
PCE-VS 2: via 8-in socket Binder 7 with Cable VM2x-USB
Power Supply 5 to 26 V DC (VS ) / < 00 mA or USB
Operating Temperature -40 – 80 °C
Protection grade IP67
Dimensions, Ø x h
(without connectors)
50 mm x 52 mm (PCE-VS ); 50 mm x 36 mm (PCE-VS 2)
Weight 60 g (PCE-VS ); 25 g (PCE-VS 2)
20