Pentax R-422VN User manual

ToTal STaTion
INSTRUCTION
MANUAL
BaSic ProcedureS
FOR R-400V SERIES
R-422VN
R-423VN
R-425VN
R-435VN
TI Asahi Co., Ltd.
International Sales Department
3F AUM Bldg. 3-37-14,
Hazawa, Nerima-Ku
Tokyo, Japan 176-0003
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
r-400V SERIES

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CONTENTS
GENERAL
Contents 1
Exemption clause 4
Copyright 4
Precautions regarding safety 5
Warning 5
Usage Precautions 8
1. BASIC OPERATION 11
1.1 Names of parts 11
1.2 Standard equipment 12
1.3 Unpacking and packing 12
1.4 Removing and attaching the Battery 12
1.5 How to charge the Battery 13
1.6 External connections 15
2. DISPLAY AND KEYBOARD 17
2.1 Display and keyboard 17
2.2 Operation keys 17
2.3 Function keys 18
2.4 Alphanumeric input 20
2.5 LD POINT, Laser pointer 20
3. PREPARATION FOR SURVEYING 21
3.1 Centring and Levelling of the Instrument 21
3.2 Laser plummet 21
3.3 Levelling with circular vial 23
3.4 Levelling with the plate vial 23
3.5 Eyepiece adjustment 24
3.6 Target sighting 25
3.7 Attachment and detachment of tribrach 26
4. TURNING THE POWER ON 27
4.1 Turning the power on and off 27
4.2 Adjusting LCD contrast 27
4.3 Adjusting illumination brightness 28
4.4 Adjusting reticle illumination 28
5. ANGLE MEASUREMENT 29
5.1 Measuring an angle 29
5.2 Resetting the horizontal angle to 0 29
5.3 Holding the horizontal angle 30
5.4 Inputting an arbitrary horizontal angle 30
5.5 Displaying the slope % of the vertical angle 31
5.6 Changing the horizontal angle from clockwise to counter clockwise 32

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6. DISTANCE MEASUREMENT 33
6.1 Target setting 33
6.2 Distance measurement 34
6.3 Quick mode 35
7. CORRECTION MODE 36
7.1 Changing the target constant 36
7.2 Changing the temperature 37
7.3 Changing the atmospheric pressure 38
7.4 Changing the ppm value 39
8. INITIAL SETTING 40
8.1 Overview 40
8.2 Entering the mode for initial setting 1 40
8.3 Entering the mode for initial setting 2 40
8.4 Entering the mode for initial setting 3 40
8.5 Entering the mode for initial setting 4 41
8.6 Entering the mode for initial setting 5 41
8.7 Example of changing an initial setting content
(selection of atmospheric correction) 42
8.8 Initial setting 1 43
8.9 Initial setting 2 44
8.10 Initial setting 3 46
8.11 Initial setting 4 47
8.12 Initial setting 5 47
9. ACCESSING THE FUNCTIONS 49
9.1 Accessing by help key 49
9.2 Accessing by 007 49
Instrument setting items 50
10. DATA COLLECTOR 51
11. CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS 51
11.1 Plate level 52
11.2 Circular vial 53
11.3 Vertical reticle 53
11.4 Perpendicularity of line of sight to horizontal axis 53
11.5 Vertical 0 point error 55
11.6 Laser plummet 55
11.7 Offset constant 55
11.8 Beam axis and line of sight 56
11.9 The EDM beam axis 57
12. APPENDIX 58
12.1 Warning and Error Messages 58
12.2 Atmospheric correction 59
12.3 hPa and mmHg conversion table 59

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12.4 Error when no atmospheric correction is made 60
12.5 Atmospheric refraction and earth curvature correction 61
12.6 Distance range 62
12.7 Specifications 63
13. Notice to the user of this product 66
13.1 Specifications of Laser Radiation 66
13.2 The following labels are affixed to and must remain
attached to this laser product. 66
13.3 Caution to maintain the safety in compliance with the standard 67
13.4 Labelling 68

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Before using this product, be sure that you have thoroughly read and understood this
instruction manual to ensure proper operation. After reading this manual, be sure to keep in a
convenient place for easy reference.
Exemption clause
1) TI Asahi Co.,Ltd. (TIA) shall not be liable for damage caused by Acts of God, fire, alteration or
servicing by unauthorized parties, accident, negligence, misuse, abnormal operating conditions.
2) TIA shall not be liable for changes or disappearance of data, loss of company profit or
interruption of company operation incurred by the use of this product or malfunction of it.
3) TIA shall not be liable for damage caused by usage not explained in the instruction manual.
4) TIA shall not be liable for damage to this product caused by other equipment connected to this
product.
Copyright © 2010 TI Asahi Co.,Ltd.
All Rights Reserved
TI Asahi Co.,Ltd. is a sole proprietor of the PowerTopoLite software.
The PowerTopoLite software and publication or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any
form, by any method, for any purpose.
TI Asahi Co.,Ltd. makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any
implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, regarding these
materials and makes such materials available.

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PRECAUTIONS REGARDING SAFETYxxxx xxxx xxxxx
Safety precautions (Must be followed)
The following items are intended to prevent possible injury to the user or other people and/or
damage to the instrument before it occurs. These safety precautions are important to the safe
operation of this product and should be observed at all times.
Distinctive displays
The following displays are used to distinguish precautions by the degree of injury or damage
that may result if the precaution is ignored.
WARNING
Items indicated by this sign are precautions which, if ignored, would result in serious injury.
CAUTION
Items indicated by this sign are precautions which if ignored may result in injury or material
damage.
• Here “injury” refers to injuries such as cuts, burns or electric shock, of which treatment
will not likely require hospitalization or long-term attention.
• “Material damage” refers to damage to facilities, buildings, acquired data, etc.
Before using this product, be sure that you have thoroughly read and understood this
instruction manual to ensure proper operation. After reading this manual, be sure to keep it in
a convenient place for easy reference.
This instrument complies with the protection requirement for residential and commercial
areas. If this instrument is used close to industrial areas or transmitters, the equipment can be
influenced by electromagnetic fields.
Quick Reference Guide provided in your carrying case contains the following items:
1. Basic Procedures
2. PowerTopoLite Operating Procedures
WARNING
Do not stare into the laser beam directly as this may result in damage to your eyes.
R-400V is a Class IIIa (3R) Laser product. Do not look into the laser radiation aperture
directly as this may result in damage to your eyes.
Never use the telescope to view intense light such as direct sunlight or sunlight reflected
through a prism as this may result in loss of sight.
Do not disassemble, modify or repair this product as there is a risk of laser radiation.

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Do not aim the laser beam at a person as it is harmful to the eyes and body. Receive the
examination treatment by the doctor when the eyesight or body trouble is doubted by any
chance.
• Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC):
This instrument complies with the protection requirement for residential and commercial
areas. If this instrument is used close to industrial areas or transmitters, the equipment can
be influenced by electromagnetic fields.
• Do not use this product in a coal mine, in a location where there is coal dust, or near
flammable material as there is a risk of explosion.
• Do not disassemble, modify or repair this product as there is a risk of fire, electric shock
and burn injury. If you think the product requires repair, contact the retail outlet where you
purchased it or an authorized repair site.
• Do not charge BP02 Battery with any battery charger other than BC03 as it entails a risk of
fire or burn injury from the battery bursting into flames due to possible differences in
voltage or polarity.
• Do not use a damaged electric cord plug or loose electric outlet when charging as there is a
risk of fire or electric shock.
• Do not charge the battery while covered by clothes or similar items as there is a risk of fire
if the clothes ignite.
• Do not use the battery or charger when wet as there is a risk of fire and burn injury due to
short-circuit.
• To prevent making short-circuit when removing the battery and charger from the case and
storing them, apply electrically resistant tape to the poles of the battery. Storing the battery
and charger as it is may result in fire or burn injury due to short-circuit.
• Do not throw the battery into fire or expose it to heat as there is a risk of injury if it
explodes.
CAUTION
For your safety, perform the initial and periodical inspection as well as when the
instrument is fixed and adjusted.
When the laser beam enters eyes, an unexpected accident might be caused by blink of
eyes.
Do not place the laser product at a height where its laser beam may hit the eyes of car
drivers and pedestrians.
Do not place the laser product at a place where its laser beam may hit a reflecting object
such as a mirror or a glass window. The reflection beam of the laser is also harmful to the
human body.
When not performing measurement, cut off the power supply or shade the objective lens
with objective cap to prevent the instrument emitting the laser beam.
Keep the laser product in a place where persons, who do not have the product knowledge,
such as children, can not touch it by mistake.
• Before disposing of the instrument, destroy its power supply mechanism to prevent it from
emitting the laser beam.
• Do not remove the handgrip without good reason. If it does come off, be sure to attach it
securely to the instrument with screws. If it is not fastened securely, the instrument may
fall when you use the handgrip, leading to possible injury.

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• Do not short the poles of the battery or charger as there is a risk of injury or fire.
• Do not touch any fluid which may leak from the battery as there is a risk of chemical burn
injury or reaction.
• Do not insert or remove the electric plug with wet hands as there is a risk of electric shock.
• Do not use the case to stand on as it is slippery and unstable and may cause you to fall,
resulting in possible injury.
• Make sure the tripod itself and the instrument on the tripod are both installed securely as
insecure installation may cause the tripod to fall over or the instrument to drop, resulting in
possible injury.
• Do not carry the tripod with the metal shoe pointing toward another person as it may injure
him/her.
• The instrument contains a rechargeable battery and a battery charger.
• It may be illegal to dispose the battery at the end of its useful life.
• Check with your local solid waste officials for details for recycling.

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Usage precautions xxxx xxxxxxxxx
Surveying instruments are high-precision instruments. In order to assure that the Electronic
Total Station R-400V series product which you have purchased will provide long-lasting
maximum performance, the precautions in this manual must be followed. Make sure to follow
these instructions and use this product properly at all times.
[Solar observation]
WARNING
Never view the sun directly using the telescope as this may result in loss of sight.
Never point the objective lens directly at the sun as this may damage internal components.
When using the instrument for solar observation, be sure to attach the specially designed solar
filter (MU64) to the objective lens.
[Laser beam]
Do not stare into the laser beam. R-400V is a Class IIIa (3R) Laser product.
[EDM axis]
The R-400V series EDM is a red visible laser beam and the beam diameter is very small.
The beam is emitted from the objective centre. The EDM axis is designed to coincide with the
telescope sight axis (but both axes may deviate slightly because of intense temperature
changes and a long time lapse).
[Target constant]
Confirm the Target Constant of the instrument before measurement.
If a different constant is to be used, use the correct constant of the target. The constant is
stored in the instrument's memory when turned off.
[Reflectorless and reflector sheet]
• Reflectorless (Non-Prism)
The measurement range and accuracy of the Reflectorless mode are based on the condition
that laser beam is emitted perpendicular to the white side of a Kodak Gray Card.
The measurement range may be influenced by the shape of the target and its environment.
There is a possibility that the range may vary when the target does not satisfy the
conditions above at survey work.
• There is a possibility that correct distance measurement may not be performed by
dispersion or reduction of laser beam when the laser beam comes into the target from a
diagonal angle.
• There is a possibility that the instrument may not be able to correctly calculate out the
distance when receiving reflected laser beam from forth and back directions in case of
measuring the target on the road.
• There is a possibility that synthesized values are calculated and the distance may become
longer or shorter than the actual one when the operator measures the target of slope or
sphere or rugged shape.
• There is a possibility that the instrument may not be able to correctly calculate out the
distance by collecting the reflected laser beam from a man or a car that comes and goes in
front of the target.

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• There is a possibility that the distance may not be correctly measured when measuring a
target in the direction where there is a reflecting object (mirror, stainless board, white wall,
etc.) or under too strong sunlight.
• In a situation where high accuracy may not be expected, perform the measurement by
Reflector sheet or Prism.
• When using reflector sheet, set the reflector sheet to have its surface to be approx. vertical
to the aiming line. If it is positioned not to be approx. right angle, there is a possibility that
correct distance measurements may be impossible by dispersion or reduction of laser beam.
In the following environments, the distance may not be possible to be measured; there is a
reflecting thing (mirror, stainless board, white wall, etc.) in the direction of the target, and
under too strong sunlight
[Battery & charger]
• Do not use any battery or battery charger that is not approved by Pentax as it entails a risk
of damaging the instrument.
• If water should happen to splash on the instrument or the battery, wipe it off immediately
and allow it to dry in a dry location. Do not put the instrument in the case until it is
completely dry as this may result in damage to the instrument.
• Turn off the power when removing the battery from the instrument as removing the battery
while the power is still on may result in damage to the instrument.
• The battery mark displayed on the instrument is only an estimation of remaining battery
power and is not completely accurate. Replace the battery quickly when it is about to run
out of power as the time a battery lasts on one full charge differs depending on conditions
of ambient temperature, and the measurement mode of the instrument.
• Confirm the battery level remaining before operating.
[About Clock Battery (lithium)]
• Clock battery is a backup battery used for calendar clock function.
• The battery can last about five years with regular use, but it is possible to be shorter
depending on usage.
• When the voltage of the clock battery is low or runs out, the date and time display
incorrectly and indication of "Clock-batt. voltage low" will appear.
• Please contact your the dealer which the purchased was mail for any exchange or return of
the clock battery.
[LD POINT, laser pointer]
When you make a correct direction using the “LD POINT”, aim the laser beam at the wall and
mark the centre and then confirm the discrepancy between the reticle centre and the marked
point beforehand.
[Storage and operating environment]
• To prevent making short-circuit when removing the battery and charger from the case and
storing them, apply electric resistant tape to the poles of the battery. Storing the battery and
charger as it may result in fire or burn injury due to short-circuit.
• Avoid storing the instrument in places subject to extreme high, low or radically fluctuating
temperature. (Ambient temperature range during use: –20° C to +50° C)
• Distance measurements may take longer when atmospheric conditions are poor such as
when heat shimmer occurs. When storing the instrument, always put it in its case and avoid
storage in dusty location or location subject to vibration or extreme heat or humidity.

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• Whenever there is a sharp temperature difference between the instrument’s storage and
usage environment, allow the instrument to adjust to the environment for an hour or more
before using it. Make sure to protect the instrument from the sun if the location is subject to
intense direct sunlight.
• The battery should be charged approximately once per month if the instrument is to be
stored for an extended period of time. The instrument should also be removed from its case
occasionally and aired out.
• In addition to these precautions, be sure to handle the instrument properly at all times
following the descriptions given in the various sections of this manual to assure safe and
proper measurements.
[Transporting and carrying the instrument]
• Be careful to protect this instrument from shock of impact and excessive vibration which
may result in damage during transportation and shipment.
• When transporting the instrument, always put it in the case and wrap shock absorbing
material around it and be sure it is handled as “FRAGILE”.
[Checks and repairs]
• Always check the instrument before beginning work and check that the instrument is
maintaining the proper level of precision. Pentax bears absolutely no responsibility for
damages due to survey results obtained from surveys conducted without an initial
instrument check.
• Never disassemble the instrument, battery or charger, even if you do detect an abnormality,
as there is a risk of fire or electric shock due to short-circuit. If you think the product
requires repair, contact the retail outlet where you purchased it or an authorized repair site.

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1. BASIC OPERATION
1.1 Names of parts
Focus ring
Instrument height mark
Battery latch
Battery pack
Telescope tangent screw
Telescope clamp screw
Clamp screw
Tangent screw
Base plate
Top handle
Collimator
Eyepiece ring
Eyepiece
Laser indicator
Plate vial
SD & USB cover
Display panel
Key board
Detaching knob
Leveling screw
Detachable type
Shift type
Centering knob
Objective lens
Laser plummet

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1.2 Standard equipment
• Instrument
• Carrying case
• BP02 battery
• BP03/AC01 charger
• Power supply cord
• Plumb bob
• Plummet hook
• Hexagonal wrench
• Adjusting pin
• Screwdriver
• Rain cover
• Quick Reference Guide
• CD-ROM (Basic operation & Special Functions manual)
• USB cable
• SD card(1GB)
1.3 Unpacking and packing
[Unpacking the Instrument from the case]
①Set the case down gently with the lid facing upwards.
②Open the latches while pressing down on the lock (safety mechanism)
and open the lid of the case.
③Remove the instrument from the case.
[Packing the instrument in the case]
①Make sure the telescope is fairly levelled and lightly tighten the telescope clamp screw.
②Line up the housing marks (round yellow marks on the instrument) and tighten the upper
and lower clamp screws.
③With the housing marks are facing upwards, set the instrument gently in the case without
forcing it. Close the lid to the case and secure the latches.
1.4 Removing and attaching the Battery
[Removing the Battery]

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①Rotate the knob above the battery pack counter clockwise.
②Lift up the battery pack and remove it from the instrument.
[Attaching the Battery]
①Place the channel on the bottom of the battery pack.
②Onto the protrusion of the instrument and push the battery pack down into place.
③Turn the knob clockwise.
1.5 How to charge the Battery
[Charging the battery]
• The battery BP02 is not charged at our factory shipment. It must be changed before use.
• For BP02 charge, use the special BC03 charger.
[Connection of code]
①Insert the output plug of the power supply code in the jack of the AC adaptor.
②Insert the output plug of the AC adaptor in the jack of the charger.
Power supply cord
AC adaptor
Charger






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③Insert the power supply plug of the power supply code in the outlet of AC power supply.
[Installation of battery]
①Draw the battery to the lock lever side and put it on the battery pocket. The battery is
firmly installed on the battery pocket.
②Press down the battery and then slide it to the opposite direction of the lock lever.
③The lock lever goes up, and the battery is fixed.
④Under such a condition, if “Connection of the code” is done, the charge with the battery
is begun.
[Detaching the battery]
①Press the lock lever and slide the battery to the lock lever direction.
②Detach the battery packing from the battery pocket.
[Display panel]
①Power supply lamp (red) : Turns on when the power supply is turned on.
②Charge lamp (green) : Turns on while charging and turns off when the charge is
completed.
③Discharge lamp (yellow) : Turns on when you push the discharge button.
Turns off when the discharge is completed.
④Installation lamp (red) : Blinks or turns on when the battery packing is attached
normally.
Blinks when charge or discharge and turns on when charge is
completed.
(The charge lamp in the lower does not blink and does not
turns on)
Lock lever
Charger
Battery pocket
Battery
 Installation lamp
 Charge lamp
 Discharge button
 Discharge lamp
 Power supply lamp

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⑤Discharge button : Discharge lamp lights when you push this button, and the
discharge of battery begins.
[How to charge]
①It begins charging automatically when you set the battery packing in the charger which
beams the power supply lamp.
②Leave just as it is until the charge is completed.
③When the charge is completed, the charge lamp is turned off.
④Detach the battery packing from the charger when the charge is completed.
[Refreshing the battery]
The use time shortens gradually by the phenomenon of “Effect of the memory” when the
NiMH battery leaves capacity and repeats the charge. The voltage recovers after refreshing
and the use time returns to normal in such a battery. Please refresh one degree every five
times of the charge.
[Refreshing]
Set the battery in the charger as well as the case of the charge. Push the electrical discharge
button. The electrical discharge lamp lights and the electrical discharge begins.
The electrical discharge lamp is turned off when the electrical discharge ends, the charge lamp
lights, and the charge starts automatically. Leave just as it is until the charge is completed.
When the charge is completed, the charge lamp is turned off. Detach the battery from the
charger.
[Time of refreshing and charge]
Battery BP02 is discharged from the state of a full charge at about 540 minutes and the charge
is completed from the electrical discharge at about 130 minutes. However, the electrical
discharge time is proportional to the remainder capacity of the battery. Moreover, the time
required for refreshing might be different from the above-mentioned time according to a
surrounding temperature and the state of the battery.
1.6 External connections
[Inserting SD card]
①Open the SD & USB cover.
②Insert the SD card(The side with terminal should face the instrument and the cut-off
corner should be up.)
③Insert the SD card to the end. Be sure not to press the card too hard.
④After the SD card is inserted, close the SD & USB cover completely.

SD Card
Cut-off corner

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[Removing SD card]
①Open the SD & USB cover.
②Lightly press the SD card slot then release yourself from there.
③The SD card pops up.
④After the SD card is removed, close the SD & USB cover completely.
CAUTION
• Be sure to turn the power off before inserting and removing the SD card.
• Be sure to close/open the SD & USB cover and insert/remove the SD card indoors.
[Suitability of SD card]
• The SD card that can be used with the instrument is 1GB or less.
• SD card and SD logo is registered trademark.
• The SD cards listed in the following table have been tested by us and
it has been confirmed that the SD cards can be used with the R-400V series.
This test has been done with only the Pentax R-400V series Total Station, but no other Pentax
Total Stations. When using with other Pentax Total Stations, please contact us to confirm
if it works properly.
Also it has been confirmed that the models mentioned in the following table can be used with
the R-400V series Total Station, but it has not been confirmed whether other brand SD cards,
not mentioned here, can be used with the R-400V series Total Station.
Please note that the test has been done by us and it is not meant that each SD card
manufacturer guarantees that the SD cards can be used with the Pentax R-400V series.
SD（micro SD）Card
Maker
Model
Capacity
Toshiba
SD-C01GTR
1GB
Toshiba
SD-MD001GA
（microSD）
1GB
Panasonic
RP-SDM01GL1A
1GB
Be sure to use the adaptor when using a microSD.
• Regardless of the information here, be aware that all the SDHC cards can’t be used with
the R-400V Total Stations.
• Test item：The following has been done according to our test standard.
①When data is being sent (with connecting USB), it is necessary to be able to refer to
information in the SD card from PC and to operate the file.
SD&USB Cover
Direction to insert the
SD card
Slide the SD & USB cover to
left to open the cover.

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②When writing / reading text, it is necessary to be able to read/write text file.
[Connecting USB cable]
①Open the SD & USB cover.
②Insert the USB connector into the USB port in the right direction.
③After the USB cable is removed, close the SD & USB cover
completely.
CAUTION
• Be sure to turn the power off before inserting/removing the USB
cable.
• Be sure to open/close the SD & USB cover and insert/remove the USB cable indoors.

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2. DISPLAY AND KEYBOARD
2.1 Display and keyboard
2.2 Operation keys
Key
Description
[POWER]
ON/OFF of power supply.
[ESC]
Returns to previous screen or cancels an operation.
[ILLU]
Turns the illumination of the LCD display and telescope reticle on
and off.
[ENT]
Accepts the selected (highlighted) choice or the displayed screen
value.
[LASER]
Displays the laser plummet and the LD point screen when you push
the Laser key.
(Refer to “2.5 LD POINT, Laser pointer”, “3.2 Laser plummet”).
[Alphanumeric]
At the numerical value screen, the numerical value and the sign “.”
displayed are input. The English characters printed right under
numeric of each key are input.
[HELP]
Pressing [ILLU]+[ESC] key causes a help menu to appear in
MODE A or MODE B or causes a help message to appear.
Power supply key
Function key
Illumination key
ESC key
Laser key
Enter key
Alphanumeric
and +/- key

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2.3 Function keys
Display
MODE A
F. Key
Description
[MEAS]
F1
Pressing this key one time measures the distance in normal
mode. Another measurement type can be selected by
InitialSetting 2.
Pressing this key twice measures the distance in coarse mode.
Another measurement type can be selected by initial setting 2.
[TARGET]
F2
Switches the target.
REFLECTORLESS / SHEET / PRISM
[0 SET]
F3
Resets the horizontal angle to 0° 0’ 0” by pressing twice.
[DISP]
F4
Switches the display composition in the order
“H.angle/H.dst./V.dst.”, “H.angle/V.angle/S.dst.” and
“H.angle/V.angle/H.dst./S.dst./V.dst.”.
[MODE]
F5
Switches the screen between MODE A and MODE B.
MODE B
[S.FUNC]
F1
PowerTopoLite Special Functions.
[ANG SET]
F2
Brings up the angle setting screen for setting angle-related
parameters.
(H.ANGLE /%GRADE, H.ANGLE INPUT and L/R
REVERSE)
[HOLD]
F3
Pressing this key twice retains (holds) the horizontal angle
shown on the display.
[CORR]
F4
Brings up the screen for changing the target constant,
temperature, pressure setting.
[MODE]
F5
Switches the screen between MODE A and MODE B.