Philips Avalon CTS M2720A User manual

Avalon CTS
Cordless Fetal Transducer
System
M2720A
4535 643 67821
June 2012
Published in Germany
SERVICE GUIDE
To Purchase, VisitAvobus.comor call1-800-674-3655

ii

i
1Table of Contents
1General Information 1
Who Should Read This Guide 1
What to Do Next 1
Repair Strategy 2
Pre-Installation Considerations 2
When is the Avalon CTS Customer Installable? 2
When are Special Configurations Needed? 3
Warnings, Cautions and Important Information 3
Symbols on the System 3
Patient Safety 4
Protective Earth 6
Environment 6
General Description 6
Mounting Solutions 7
Applying the Velcro Fixing Tape 9
Antenna Extension Mounting Kit 10
Mounting on Philips Carts 10
Mounting on Wooden Carts and Other Flat Surfaces 11
Considerations for Choice of Configuration 11
Frequency Bands 11
Standard Delivery Configuration 12
When is a Different Configuration Needed? 12
When the Area of Reach is Not Sufficient 12
When the Standard Configuration is Unsuitable 12
Japanese Systems 12
Multi-Region Base Station 13
Frequency Planning 13
Setting Expectations 13
Antenna System Guidelines 14
Before You Install an Antenna System 14
Specifications 15
Mixed Telemetry Devices on the Same M2600A Antenna System 15
2Theory of Operation 17
Receiver Board 18
Human Interface Board 18
Power Supply 18
Slot Control and Monitor Interface Board Hardware 18
Transducer Hardware Overview 19

ii
Functional Description of the RF/CPU Hardware 19
Base Station Communication 20
Power Supply and Battery Charger 20
Modulator 20
RF Transmitter 20
Toco Frontend Hardware 20
Ultrasound Frontend Hardware 20
ECG Frontend Hardware 20
3System Interfaces 23
Fetal Monitor Interface 23
Service Interface 24
Compatible Fetal Monitors 25
4Disassembly/Reassembly 27
Introduction 27
Removing the Top Cover Assembly 28
Replacing the Top Cover Assembly 29
Changing Fuses 30
Changing the Power Supply/Metal Chassis Assembly 33
5Spare Parts 41
Exchange Parts 41
Non-Exchange Parts 42
Supplies and Accessories 43
Antenna and Base Station Part Numbers 45
6Preventive Maintenance and Safety 47
Care and Cleaning 47
Recommended Frequency of Testing 47
Performance Assurance Tests 48
Self Test 48
Parameter Test 48
Testing A l a rm s 49
Safety Tests 49
Safety Test Procedures 50
When to Perform Safety Tests 50
How to Carry Out the Test Blocks 51
Description of Applicable Safety Tests 52
S(1): Protective Earth Test 52
S(2): Enclosure Leakage Current Test
- Normal Condition (NC) 52
S(3): Enclosure Leakage Current Test
- Single Fault Condition (SFC) Open Supply 53
S(4): Enclosure Leakage Current
- SFC Open Earth (Ground) 53
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

iii
Instrument Safety Test 54
System Test 54
What is a Medical Electrical System? 54
General Requirements for a System 54
System Example 55
Regular Preventive Maintenance 55
Mechanical Inspection 55
Visual Check 56
Toco Ventilation/Belt Button 56
Testing the Ventilation Membrane 56
Battery Check 57
Starting the Battery Check 57
Stopping the Battery Test 58
Stages of the Battery Check 58
Reading Battery Check Data Using the Service Support Tool 59
Battery Exchange 59
7Troubleshooting 61
System is Completely Inoperative 61
System Reset 61
Common Problems 62
Troubleshooting a Cordless System: an Overview 64
Checking Contacts 65
Checking the Fetal Monitor 65
RF Problems 65
Carrier to Noise Ratio 65
Gathering Data 66
Observe System Performance 66
Question the User 66
Area of Reach 66
Range Definition 67
Using the Base Station 67
Using the Service Support Tool 68
RF Interference 68
One-Channel or Narrowband Interference 68
Broadband Interference 69
Guidelines for Channel/Frequency Configuration 69
Scanning the Available Frequency Range 69
Excluding Frequencies 70
Base Station with Fixed Frequency 70
Transducers with Fixed Frequency 71
Transducers for Japan 71
Multi-Region Base Station 71
Delivery Status 71
Installation 71
Testing Transducers 72

iv
Ultrasound Transducer Electrical Check 72
TOCO Transducer Electrical Check 74
ECG Transducer Electrical Check 75
In DECG Mode 75
In MECG Mode 76
Troubleshooting the Top Cover 76
Function Buttons 77
Display/Window 78
LEDs 78
Magnets 78
Factory Information Code Log 78
8Changing Settings 79
Configuration Settings 79
Function Settings 80
Bed Label Appearance 80
Enabling/Disabling Fixed Frequency 80
Selecting the Channel Frequency Spacing 81
Action Settings 83
Displaying the Software Revision 83
Clearing the Factory Information Code (FIC) Log 83
Starting the Battery Check 84
9Upgrades 85
10 Specifications 87
General 87
Base Station 87
Tr a n s d u c e r s 88
Frequency Bands 89
Frontends 89
Cables 90
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Specifications 91
Emissions and Immunity 91
Electromagnetic Immunity 91
Finding Recommended Separation Distances 92
Recommended Separation Distances from Portable and Mobile RF Communication
Equipment 94
Essential Performance 94
ARemoving and Replacing the Transducer Battery 97
BRemoving and Replacing the Transducer Belt Button 99
CAvalon CTS Frequency Table 101

1
1
1General Information
This guide tells you how to service and repair the base station (M2720A) and transducers (M2725A,
M2726A, and M2727A) of the Avalon CTS Cordless Fetal Transducer System. It describes the system
hardware and software, tells you how to diagnose operating and servicing problems, and how to test the
system.
As this system is intended to be installed by the customer, refer to the Instructions for Use for details of how to
install the system. See also “Pre-Installation Considerations” on page 2.
The Avalon CTS Cordless Fetal Monitoring System Service Guide supplements the maintenance and
troubleshooting procedures, carried out by the operator, that are described in the Instructions for Use. Refer to
the Instructions for Use for maintenance and troubleshooting procedures that may be performed during
normal operation.
Only qualified service personnel should attempt to install the system, disassemble the base station, remove or
replace any internal assemblies, or replace the transducer batteries or belt buttons.
Who Should Read This Guide
This guide is for any qualified technical personnel servicing and repairing the Avalon CTS Cordless Fetal
Transducer System.
You must:
•understandEnglish
• be familiar with standard medical equipment installation procedures
• be familiar with current conventional technical terms as used throughout this guide
What to Do Next
Familiarize yourself with the contents of this guide and the Instructions for Use before attempting to service or
repair the system.
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

1 General Information Repair Strategy
2
Repair Strategy
The Service Support Tool software helps you to determine whether a fault is a hardware, software or RF-
related problem. Any maintenance and repair procedures beyond the level covered in the Instructions for
Use are limited to:
• unit exchange for
–thebasestation
–thetransducers
•replacementof
– the top cover assembly, including human interface board
– the power supply, including metal chassis
– two fuses in the power supply
– the transducer battery
– the transducer ventilation knob
Repair or replacement of individual components on the boards is not supported, and should never be
attempted.
For any problem related to connecting the base station to an antenna system, refer to the M2600A
Telemetry System’s Service Training and Reference Guide.
For tests that you are required to perform after repairs, refer to “When to Perform Safety Tests” on
page 38.
Pre-Installation Considerations
There are a number of factors you need to consider that influence how you install the Avalon CTS.
When is the Avalon CTS Customer Installable?
The Avalon CTS is intended to be customer installable under the following conditions:
• The system in its standard configuration is an “out-of-the-box”, standalone system, delivered with
automatic frequency allocation, and is intended to be used with the standard antenna supplied, giving a
line-of-sight operating range up to 100m/300ft.
• There are less than ten stand-alone systems in the institution.
• Connection to an antenna system is not planned.
• No other telemetry devices are used in the institution that can influence, or be influenced by, the
Avalon CTS.
• There are no other sources of RF interference that influence the operation of the Avalon CTS.
• There are no country-specific regulations requiring special configuration.
Installation should be carried out by qualified technical personnel.
If you need to mount the Avalon CTS, or use the antenna extension mounting kit (M2720A Option
K01), see page 10 for further details.

Warnings, Cautions and Important Information 1 General Information
3
When are Special Configurations Needed?
If one or more of the conditions above are not met, you need a special configuration of the Avalon CTS
(refer also to “Considerations for Choice of Configuration” on page 11). For instance, you may need to:
• Set fixed frequencies when there are other telemetry systems installed in the same institution. (In Japan,
local regulations always require the setting of fixed frequencies.) This configuration should be carried out
by qualified service personnel, either from the hospital’s biomedical department, or from Philips.
• Connect the Avalon CTS to an antenna system because the standard antenna is not sufficient to cover
the area intended for cordless monitoring. Site preparation, antenna system design (including guidelines
for mixed telemetry equipment installations), and installation should be carried out by qualified service
personnel from Philips.
• There are country-specific regulations requiring special configuration (in Japan, for example), or your
country requires a Multi-Region base station.
Warnings, Cautions and Important Information
WARNING A warning alerts you to a potential serious outcome, adverse event or safety hazard. Failure to observe a
warning may result in death or serious injury to the user or patient.
CAUTION A caution alerts you to circumstances where special care is necessary for the safe and effective use of the
product. Failure to observe a caution may result in minor or moderate personal injury, damage to the
product or other property, and possibly in a remote risk of more serious injury.
© Copyright 1995-2011 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. All Rights Reserved.
Symbols on the System
In this book, graphical symbols (indicators or elements of the base station or transducer
displays) depicted in this way indicate that they are blinking.
This attention symbol indicates that you should consult this book and the Instructions for Use, and
particularly any warning messages.
Power-On/Stand-by Switch.
Power-On/Stand-by Indicator.
Equipotential Terminal.
This symbol identifies terminals that are connected together, bringing various equipment or parts
of a system to the same potential. This is not necessarily earth potential. The value of potentials
of earth may be indicated adjacent to the symbol.

1 General Information Patient Safety
4
Patient Safety
The Telemetry System should only be used by, or under the direct supervision of, a licensed physician or
other health care practitioner who is trained in the use of fetal heart rate monitors and in the
interpretation of fetal heart rate traces. US federal law restricts this device to sale by, or on the order of, a
physician.
The base station is an electrical Class 1 device.
The telemetry system is in conformity with the requirements of the European Medical Devices Directive
93/42/EEC. They are classified into Class IIb according to Annex IX rule 10.
The device complies with the following safety standards:
• EN 60601-1:1990+A1:1993+A2:1995 / IEC 60601-1:1988+ A1:1991+A2:1995
• EN 60601-1-1:2001+A1:2004 (IEC 60601-1-1:2000+A1:2004)
• EN 60601-1-2:2001+A1:2006
• EN 60601-1-4:1996+A1:1999
• EN 60601-1-6:2004
• EN 60601-2-37:2001
Protective Earth Terminal.
This symbol identifies the terminal for connection to an external protective earth system.
Antenna input symbol.
Service socket symbol.
This symbol appears on the device adjacent to the CE marking and defines Class 2 radio
equipment per Radio and telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive 1995/5/EC.
Antenna symbol on cordless Transducers.
IPX1 Ingress Protection code according to IEC 60529. Base station is rated IP X1 (protection against
vertical water drops only).
IP68 Ingress Protection code according to IEC 60529. All transducers are rated IP 68 (protection
against dust, access to hazardous parts, and the effects of continuous immersion in water to a
depth of 0.5 meter for five hours).
Type CF equipment, not defibrillation proof.
Symbol indicating separate collection for waste electrical and electronic equipment.
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

Patient Safety 1 General Information
5
• EN 60601-2-49:2001
• UL2601-1:1997
• CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 601.1-M90
• JIS T 1001-1992
• JIS T 1002-1992
• AS 3200.1.0-1998
The cordless transducers are battery operated devices, with applied parts of Type CF .

1 General Information Protective Earth
6
Protective Earth
WARNING Check each time before use that the system is in perfect working order and the base station is properly
grounded.
This equipment is intended for use only within healthcare facilities. It is not suitable for use in domestic
establishments and in establishments directly connected to a low voltage power supply network, which
supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.
Do not use additional AC mains extension cords or multiple portable socket-outlets. If a multiple portable
socket-outlet without a separation transformer is used, the interruption of its protective earthing may
result in enclosure leakage currents equal to the sum of the individual earth leakage currents.
To protect hospital personnel and the patient, the cabinet must be grounded. Accordingly, the base
station is equipped with a 3-wire power cable which grounds it to the power line ground when plugged
into an appropriate 3-wire receptacle. Do not use a 3-wire to 2-wire adapter with the base station. Any
interruption of the protective earth grounding will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in
serious personal injury.
Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired, the base station must be made inoperative and
be secured against any unintended operation.
The patient cable must be positioned so that it does not come into contact with any other electrical
equipment.
Before operation, make sure that the base station is free from condensation. This can form when
equipment is moved from one building to another, and is exposed to moisture and differences in
temperature.
Environment
Before operation, make sure that the base station is free from condensation. This can form when
equipment is moved from one building to another, and is exposed to moisture and differences in
temperature.
Use the system in an environment which is reasonably free from vibration, dust, corrosive or explosive
gases, extremes of temperature, humidity, and so forth. It operates within specifications at ambient
temperatures between 0°C and +45°C/32°F and +113°F. Ambient temperatures that exceed these limits
can affect the accuracy of the system, the transmitter radio frequency transmission, and can damage the
components and circuits.
The system can be stored at ambient temperatures between -20°C and +60°C/-4°F and +158°F.
The transducers are watertight to a depth of 0.5 meter/1.64 feet (rated IP 68).
The base station is protected against vertically falling water drops only (rated IP X1 according to IEC 60529).
General Description
Refer to the Instructions for Use for operating information for the base station and the transducers. It
includes descriptions of the installation and setup of the system and modes of operation.

Mounting Solutions 1 General Information
7
Mounting Solutions
You can mount the Avalon CTS as follows:
• In a standard cart drawer. The base station with docked transducers fits into Philips Carts CL, CX and
CM.
Note: if you mount the base station in a cart or in such a way that the standard antenna cannot be
attached directly to the base station, or does not provide sufficient transmission range, use the antenna
extension mounting kit (M2720A Option K01).
• On a dedicated mounting shelf, forming part of the Avalon CTS mounting kit. Each kit comes with
complete system power from one single power cord, and the appropriate monitor interface cable is also
integrated, so that you do not require a separate interface cable:
• On top of carts, desks or other flat surfaces using the mounting brackets.
• In a wide variety of situations using the GCX mounting adapter for mounting the base station (order
directly from GCX, part number PH-0042-80).
• On top of Series 50 IX/XM/XMO fetal monitors using the mounting brackets.
Series 50 Cart CL with Avalon CTS
mounting kit
Avalon FM20/30 Cart with Avalon CTS
mounting kit
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

1 General Information Mounting Solutions
8
Contact your local Philips representative for additional cart mounting options.
Refer also to the fitting instructions that come with the relevant solution.
Mounting Brackets

Applying the Velcro Fixing Tape 1 General Information
9
Applying the Velcro Fixing Tape
Two self-adhesive Velcro fixing tape sets are supplied, each set consisting of two halves.
1Strip off the paper backing on one half of the Velcro set and attach to one side of the underneath of the
base station. Repeat for the other side.
2Strip off the paper backing on the other half of the Velcro set and attach to the fixing surface so that the
two halves of the Velcro set mate up when the base station is correctly positioned.
Apply other half of
Velcro tape to appropriate
Apply one
half of
Velcro
tape in
position
shown
place on fixing surface

1 General Information Antenna Extension Mounting Kit
10
Antenna Extension Mounting Kit
If the base station is installed in a cart or other mounting solution where the standard antenna cannot be
attached directly to the base station, or does not provide sufficient transmission range, use the antenna
extension mounting kit (M2720A Option K01).
The kit contains:
• Antenna extension cable with BNC connectors (1.0m/3.3 ft. approx.)
• Mounting bracket, including fixings, for mounting onto Philips Carts.
The mounting bracket can also be fitted on walls, wooden carts, or other flat surfaces using fixings (not
supplied) appropriate for the surface material.
Mounting on Philips Carts
1Remove the plastic cover (A).
2Slide the fixings for the mounting bracket (C) into the groove (B) in the cart.
3Replace the plastic cover (A) before sliding the mounting bracket fully down.
4Slide the mounting bracket downwards in the groove (B) in the cart until the antenna holder part of the
bracket rests on the plastic cover.
5Tighten the fixing screws to secure the mounting bracket.
A
B
C
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

Considerations for Choice of Configuration 1 General Information
11
Mounting on Wooden Carts and Other Flat Surfaces
Considerations for Choice of Configuration
There are a number of factors that can influence how you finally configure the Avalon CTS.
Frequency Bands
Depending on the country of use, the system uses radio frequencies within one of three ranges, the Wireless
Medical Telemetry Systems (WMTS) band, the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band, or a range
of bands specific to Japan. The actual approved frequencies used depend on country-specific regulations.
The following diagram gives an example overview of the system’s frequency band configuration.
1 = The full (hardware) frequency range (10 MHz wide).
2 = The country-specific frequency range governed and approved by local regulatory bodies.
3 = The available frequency range: shows the real, current frequency range available within the country
range. This will differ from the country range due to:
– excluded frequency ranges
– frequency ranges already allocated to other Avalon CTS systems in the same establishment.
4 = Excluded frequency ranges (ranges occupied by other telemetry systems, or other RF interferers).
5 = Fixed frequency ranges.
1
2
3
4
5

1 General Information Considerations for Choice of Configuration
12
Standard Delivery Configuration
The Avalon CTS is normally delivered with:
• Automatic channel search.
• A standard antenna.
Using the standard antenna, the potential operating range is up to 100 meters/300 feet. The actual
effective area of reach will vary according to the geographical and physical characteristics of the building
where the system is installed, and is also influenced by the presence of other radio frequency (RF) devices
or interference. We recommend that you define effective operating range prior to putting the system into
operation.
If the area of reach is adequate for the intended monitoring area, and the system’s operation is not
influenced by other RF sources, then the normal delivery configuration is sufficient.
When is a Different Configuration Needed?
This section deals with possible reasons why the standard delivery configuration may not be adequate.
When the Area of Reach is Not Sufficient
If the area of reach is not sufficient using the standard antenna supplied with the system, there are a few
things to consider:
– The placement of the antenna has an effect on the operating range. If it is located inside a metal cart
or other RF-absorbing material, then place the antenna externally by using the Antenna Extension
Mounting Kit (M2720A Option K01) to increase the range.
– Check the orientation of the antenna. In general, the antenna provides the greatest range when it is
positioned vertically.
– If the area of reach is still insufficient, consider installing an antenna system.
When the Standard Configuration is Unsuitable
The standard configuration, with free base station channel search, may be unsuitable if:
• There are other telemetry or RF systems installed in the hospital.
• There are multiple (more than ten) stand-alone Avalon CTS systems.
• There are other sources of RF interference, for instance, broadcasting stations, microwave devices, and
wireless temperature sensors.
• You connect the Avalon CTS to an antenna system.
• There are country-specific regulations requiring special configuration (in Japan, for example), or your
country requires a Multi-Region base station.
Japanese Systems
Transducers must use fixed frequencies. They are initially shipped from the factory with no frequencies
assigned to them. During installation, they are initialized, and their frequencies are set. (See also
“Transducers for Japan” on page 66.)

Setting Expectations 1 General Information
13
Multi-Region Base Station
For countries requiring the Multi-Region base station (for example, Norway and Singapore), the receiver in
the base station is “disabled” before it leaves the factory. The correct approved frequency range is then
enabled locally during installation using the Service Support Tool. (See also “Multi-Region Base Station”
on page 66.)
Frequency Planning
For Japan and countries using the Multi-Region base station, and for multiple cordless/telemetry
installations in the same hospital, an RF frequency plan should be implemented. Document all frequencies
or frequency ranges occupied by:
• Other telemetry systems (adult and fetal).
• Multiple Avalon CTS systems (operating on fixed frequencies). Remember that the Avalon CTS is also a
potential interference source for other RF systems.
• Other sources of RF interference (other electrical equipment, broadcasting stations, or paging systems,
for instance).
Once you have identified all the occupied frequencies or frequency ranges (for example, by using the
Service Support Tool software) you can change the system’s configuration by following the guidelines for
RF channel/frequency configuration.
• Exclude frequency ranges already occupied by other telemetry systems or that are subject to interference
from other RF sources (see page 65).
• Use fixed frequencies for the base station, possibly in conjunction with altering the channel spacing (see
page 74).
• Use fixed frequencies for the transducers (see page 66).
Setting Expectations
No matter how good a telemetry system design is, it will always experience occasional loss of radio
communications, resulting in US/Toco/ECG dropouts. A telemetry system will never be as reliable as a
hard-wired monitor that transmits its signal through a wire. If occasional loss of US/Toco/ECG
monitoring is not acceptable for certain patients, they should be connected to a hard-wired bedside
monitor.
WARNING Telemetry should not be used for primary monitoring in applications where the momentary loss of the US/
Toco/ECG signal is unacceptable.
Following are guidelines to set proper expectations of hospital staff and to improve system performance:
• Clinicians will tend to see more motion related artifact on the US/Toco/ECG measurements of
ambulatory patients than on patients that are restricted to a bed.
• Patients should be restricted to the designated coverage area. Monitoring performance will degrade if
patients go outside the radius of coverage of the receiving antenna.
To Purchase, Visit Avobus.com or call 1-800-674-3655

1 General Information Antenna System Guidelines
14
• Keep the size of the antenna system as small as possible. Telemetry system performance will degrade as
the system size increases. The larger a system is, the greater the potential for receiving interfering
signals. In addition, as more devices are added to the antenna system, the noise generated by the
antenna system itself increases.
• A patient location protocol is critical to a telemetry system. If a life-threatening event occurs, the
clinician must be able to locate the patient quickly. The importance of this increases as the antenna
system size increases.
• Philips Medical Systems has no control over the RF environment in the hospital. If interference exists at
the operating frequencies, telemetry system performance will be affected. Careful selection of
frequencies for all wireless devices used within a facility (telemetry transmitters, walkie-talkies,
ambulance radios, other wireless medical devices, etc.) is important to prevent interference between
them. Frequency management is the responsibility of the hospital.
Antenna System Guidelines
The Avalon CTS (M2720A) is compatible with the dual band antenna system components used with the
M2600A adult telemetry system. Antenna systems must be designed according to adult telemetry system
rules, and presales activities and site preparation must be done according to the existing M2600A series
antenna system rules. These activities are not bundled into the product price and have to be ordered
separately from the Philips Medical Support Organization.
In addition to the M2600A antenna system design rules, the following antenna specifications apply to the
Avalon CTS:
• Only original M2600A antenna system components will be supported.
• The antenna spacing must not exceed a radius of 10m (32ft).
• Existing antenna systems used for M1310A with 15.5m (51ft) antenna radius spacing do not comply
and must be redesigned to work with the Avalon CTS.
• A mixture of Avalon CTS and other supported Philips telemetry devices (for example, M1310A or
M2600A Adult Telemetry Transmitter/Receiver) on the same antenna system may be supported. Please
see below for further details of how to configure and design a mixed telemetry system.
• Frequency converters used in USA with M2600A adult telemetry cannot be used with the Avalon CTS.
• Contact Philips Support regarding antenna system design.
Before You Install an Antenna System
In general, before each antenna system installation, a site frequency plan is required which includes an
appropriate frequency plan for M2720A and all other telemetry devices used in the same hospital.
Using the results of this frequency survey, the appropriate frequency allocation mode must be set for the
M2720A, for example, automatic frequency allocation mode or fixed frequency mode for the base station.
Under normal circumstances, the fixed frequency mode for the transducer should not be used, except for
Japan. See the Service Support Tool Help for further information about choices of frequency allocation
modes.
An antenna system for the M2720A should be designed by an antenna expert experienced in designing
M2600A antenna systems. For antenna system calculations, the specifications for M2720A can be added
to the Antenna System Design Spreadsheet. This is important, because most antenna systems for the
M2720A are non-standard in design, as the RF signal typically needs to be distributed to several rooms.