Pioneer SX-440 Service manual

PIONEER' o)/>f
SOLID STATE
FM-AM STEREO RECEIVER
sx-44(f-w
CAUTION Before connecting the line cord to the wall socket,
carefully read and follow the instructions described
below, to assure the safety of your unit.
o Model SX-440 is set for240V operation when shipped.
lf this unit is used in a different line-voltage area,
read and follow "LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION AND
FUSE" on back cover. Be sure that the line voltage
setting on your unit agrees with the line voltage in
your area and that the fuse installed in your unit is
a proper one.
INSTALLATION, OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
lncluding PARTS LIST, CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS, TROUBLE
SHOOTING AND MOUNTING TEMPLATE,
PIONI,ER ELEGTRENTtr CURPtrRilTIOil
Yt{H $gltrI"Q wrt'L

PIONEE.R
FEATURES OF SX-44O
OSENSITIVE FM CIRCUIT
A high performance transistor is used in RF amplifier for excellent sensitivity. No distortion or cross modulation will be caused by
high input power.
OBUILT.IN MULTIPLEX CIRCUIT
Provides full-frequency response and a good separation between channels for excellent stereo effect.
OAUTOMATIC FM MULTIPLEX SIGNAL INDICATOR
A lamp lights automatically when receiver is tuned to an FM station transmitting stereo multiplex signals.
O EASY-TO.READ TUNING INDICATOR
The clear, easy-to'read Meter permits quick station selection'
OLOUDNESS CONTOUR CIRCUIT
Preserves musical balance and provides full dynamic range of reproduction, even at very low volume control settings.
OINDEPENDENT TONE CONTROLS
Separate bass and treble controls permit adjustment of tonal qualities to suit room acoustics and individual taste.
OFULL COMPLEMENT OF INPUTS
Stereo inputs are provided on the rear panel for record player with a magnetic, ceramic, or crystal cartridge; there are also
inputs for a tape recorder or tape deck; plus auxiliary input for TV sound or other sound source.
OTAPE RECORDING OUTPUT
Permits making stereo or monaural tape recording of any program material (AM, FM, FM stereo multiplex, or record) while the
material is being played.
OSTEREO HEADPHONE JACK
Permits private listening through a stereo headphone without disturbing other people. Located on the front panel for easy access.
O DUAL.CHANNEL HIGH-FIDELITY AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
High-efficiency power transistors are employed in the pushpull complementary circuit for each audio amplifier channel for full fidelity
frequency response.
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION AND FUSE
Switching Line Voltage Setting and Fuse
ln order to remove the fuse, turn the fuse cap located on the
line voltage selector switch in the direction indicated by an
arrow. Then remove the fuse plug from the unit. Put the fuse
plug back so that the proper line voltage marking can be seen
through the cut in the edge of the plug.
Whenar'er the set position of the selector switch is changed,
check the rating of the fuse. A O.S-ampere fuse is to be used
for either 22OV or 240V operation and a 1-ampere fuse for any
of 1 lOV, 117V, or 130V operation. lf the rating of the fuse is
proper, install the fuse in the fuse cap.
.REPLACING OF FUSE
When the fuse is blown, remove the fuse cap and
the fuse with a new one. replace
@
-T
corN
Fig. 1
FUSE CAP
Take off the fuse cap by turning it with a coin,
in the direction indicated by the arrow.

PIONEE.R
R MODEL SX.44O FMSTEREo
MONO l^ !Hlrr.c
SPEAKER
AFF B
TAPE VOLUME
MON LOUDNESS L __0_.R
FM 88 s s? 91 90 98 100 l0? t04 106 108 MHz
55 60 70 80 S0 100 l?0 140 160 x loKHz
6
15 1617
g
1B
11 12
1g
28 29 30 3t 32 33
I
t3
25 26 27
Fig.4
2B 21 22 23 24 Fig.5

PHONO.
AUX ,.
KNOBS AND SWITCHES ON FRONT PANEL
1. POWER SWITCH
Power is turned on when the s^ritch is rotated clockwise; turned
off when rotated counterclockwise. Operation of this switch also
turns on and off the power supplied to the AC OUTLET (3O)
located on the rear panel of the SX440.
2. TUNING INDICATOR
When tuninq the radio receiver to an FM or AM broadcast
station, the TUNING KNOB (4) is adjusted so that the pointer of
this meter may deflect to the maximum.
3. FM STEREO INDICATOR
When the SX-2140 receivesan FM stereo program, this lamp lights.
4. TUNING KNOB
An AM or FM broadcasting station is tuned in. While observing
the pointer of the TUNING INDICATOR (2), set the knob for
the best receiving condition,
5. SELECTOR SWITCH I
The SX-440 is set for one of the following operations:
AM . . Reception of AM broadcasts
FM MONO Reception o{ monaural FM broadcasts
FM STEREO Automatically selective reception of stereo or
monaural FM broadcbsts
. . . . Play of disk record I
. Connection of a record player having a crystal
or ceramic pickup, cartridge tape player, or
audio output of a TV receiver.
6. PHONES
Cord plug of a stereo headphone is inserted here for enjoying
stereo play without disturbing other people around. Loudspeakers
stop emitting sound then. For the stereo headphone, PIONEER's
Model SE-2P, SE-20, SE-30 or SE-50 is recommended.
. When a lonqer cord is required for the stereo headphone, use
PIONEER's Model JB-23 extension cord separately available.
When desiring to connect two stereo headphones, use
PIONEER's Model JB-22 "Y" cord separately available.
7. LOUDSPEAKER ON/OFF SWITCH
With this sruitch in the "ON" position, loudspeakers emit sound.
When the snritch lever is set to "OFF", loudspeakers stop
sounding, lt is convenient for using a headphone,
B. LOUDSPEAKER SELECTOR SWITCH
When the s^,itch is set to the "A" position, the loudspeakers
connected to the SPEAKER SYSTEM A TERMINALS on the
rear panel of the SX-440 emit sound; when set to "8". those
connected to the SPEAKER SYSTEM B TERMINALS.
9. BASS CONTROL
As this knob is turned clockwise, bass is boosted, as turned
counterclockwise, attenuated. The control is designed to give a
flat characteristic curve when the knob is set to the middle sf
the rotation range.
oThis knob controls the tone quality of both right and left
channels simu ltaneously.
10. TREBLE CONTROL
Use of this treble control knob is similar to that of the BASS
CONTROL KNOB (9) ,
11. MODE SWITCH
When playing a disk record or tape, or receiving a broadcast
program, keep this snritch in the "STEREO" position. Set the
saritch to "MONO" only when using a monaural record player
or tape recorder, or reproducing a tape on which monaural
recording is made,
12. TAPE MONITOR SWITCH
For ordinary record play or radio reception, keep thiss^ritch in
the "OFF" position.
Set the svvitch to "ON" only when playing back a tape by using
a tape recorder (or tape deck) or monitoring the recording
condition of such equipment. lf the switch is set to the "ON"
position when conducting disk record play or radio reception,
loudspeakers do not sound. Be careful in this respect.
13. LOUDNESS CONTOUR SWITCH
When the switch is set to the "ON" position while theSX-440
is operated at a low sound volume, both bass and treble are
boosted for easy listening. When the equipment is operated at
a high sound volume, it is recommended to keep the suritch in
the "oFF" position.
14. VOLUME CONTROL
The loudspeaker sound volume increases
when this knob is turned clockwise;
it decreases when the knob is rotated
counterclockwise, This double knob con-
sists of two component knobs interlocked
by friction. When the knob is turned,
both component knobs rotate together
to control the sound volumes of right
and left channels simultaneously, To
adjust the volume of either right or left
Fis.7
RIGHT CHANNEL
channel alone, hold one of the component knobs by one hand
and turn the other component knob by the other hand. lt is
convenient for balancing the sound volumes of both channels.
The front knob is for the left channel and the rear knob is for
the right channel.
-\
I " ooa't,o*
l
B
ffi .".o^r*
/ A:i;?"-'"-
VqI o "o.,',o* .
nn
(LEFT] IRIGHT)
mmFis. 6

TERMINALS AND CONNECTION
15. FM ANTENNA TERMINALS
An FM broadcast receiving antenna will be connected to these
terminals,
16. GROUND TERMINAL 1
Connect a ground conductor to this terminal for grounding the
SX- zl40
17. AM ANTENNA TERMINAL
This terminal is provided for connecting an external AM
broadcast receiving antenna.
NOTE: For the most suitable FM antenna, AM antenna and
grounding, refer to the article "ANTENNA CON-
NECTION AND GROUNDING".
18. AM FERRITE ANTENNA
An AM broadcast receiving antenna accessory to the SX-440
When using the SX44O where the f ield intensity is high, recep-
tion cah be conducted simply by adjusting the direction of this
antenna without connecting an external antenna to the AM
ANTENNA TERMINAL (17).
19. PROTECTIVE FUSES
These fuses protect transistors in the SX-440 .When loudspeaker
terminals are short-circuited, or the SELECTOR (5) on the front
panel is operated while the SX-440 is used at a high sound
volume, one or both of the fuses may blown to protect power
transistors. When this occurs, replace the blown fuses with the
accessory 2-ampere fuses. The right-hand side fuse is for the left
channel; the left-hand side fuse is for the right channel.
20. MAGNETIC PHONO TERMINALS
Connect here the output cords of a record player equipped
with a magnetic cartridge. The upper jack is for the left channel;
the lower jack, for the right channel. When connecting a
monaural record player, use either one of the iacks.
21. AUXILIARY TERMINALS
These jacks are used when connecting the output cords of a
record player equipped with a crystal or ceramic cartridge, or a
cartridge tape player. Also use these jacks for reproducing the
audio output of a TV receiver. The upper jack is for the left
channel; the lower jack, for the right channel.
22. GROUND TERMINAL 2
lf the record player or other equipment to be used with the
SX-440 has a ground conductor, connect it to this terminal.
23. TAPE MONITOR TERMINALS
Connect to these jacks the playback output terminals (line
output) or monitor terminals of the tape recorder (or tape
deck) used with the SX-44O
24. TAPE RECORDING TERMINALS
Connect to these jacks the recording input terminals (line input)
of the tape recorder (or tape deck). The signals outgoing from
these terminals cannot be adiusted with the VOLUME (14),
BASS (9) or TREBLE (1Ol controls.
NOTE: For correct connection to the TAPE MONITOR (23)
andTApE RECORDING l24l jacks, refer to the articte
,,CONNECTION OF TAPE RECORDER"
ON REAR PANEL
25. LAPE _ BECORDTNG / PLAYBACK CON_
NECTOR (DIN TYPE}
Provided that the tape recorder (or tape deck) to be used has
a DIN-type tape recording/playback connector, connection for
recording and playback (and monitor) can be completed simply
by linking the tape recorder with the SX440 through the
recording/playback cord that is separately available. When this
connector is used, terminals (23) and l24l are not used,
26&27. SPEAKER SYSTEM A TERMINALS
Two speaker systems A and B can be connected to the SX44O ,
and they can be selectively used by operating the switch (8).
Connect the right channel loudspeaker of the firsl speaker
systems to terminals (26) and the left channel loudspeaker to
terminals (27).
28 & 29. SPEAKER SYSTEM B TERMINALS
When using two speaker systems, use these terminals (28) and
(29) for the second systems. Connect the loudspeaker for the
right channel to terminals (28) and those for the left channel
to terminals (29).
NOTE: For connection of loudspeakers to these terminals,
the plugs contained in the accessory bag must be used.
For correct loudspeaker connection, refer to the article
,,CONNECTION OF LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEMS".
30. AC OUTLET ISWITCHED)
The power obtained from this AC outlet is turned ON and OFF
interlinked with the operation of POWER SWTTCH (1), A
maximum of 20O VA can be supplied to the record player or
other equ ipment connected"
31. AC OUTLET (UNSWITCHED)
An AC outlet having a capacity of 2O0 VA.This power outlet
is not interlinked with the operation of POWER SWITCH (1).
32. LINE VOLTAGE SELECTOR AND FUSE
HOLDER
This selector is used for setting the SX-44O to suit the line
voltage to be supplied. lt also serves as a fuse holder. For the
selector setting and fuse replacement procedures, refer to the
article "LINE VOLTAGE SELECTTON AND FUSE". (page 1)
33. AC CORD
After correctly setting the LINE VOLTAGE SELECTOR (321,
connect this cord to an outlet of the commercial power line.

PIONEI.R
CONNECTION OF LOUDSPEAKER
. When connecting loudspeakers, extract speaker connector
plug from the accessory bag and connect the speaker wire
l€ads to the plugs and illustrated below. Be sure to connect
the positive of the leads to the positive terminal of the plug.
. When the loudspeakers are connected to the plugs. insert the
right channel speaker plug into the speaker system A terminal
socket (26) and the left channel speaker plug into the speaker
system A terminal socket (27). (Refer to the connection
diagram shown in page 2 .)
.When using two speaker systems, connect the wire leads of
the second speaker systems to speaker plugs as described
above, and insert the right channel speaker plug of this speaker
system into the speaker system B terminal socket (28) and the
left channel speaker plug into the speaker system B terminal
socket (29).
SYSTEMS Fig. 8
ANTENNA CONNECTION AND GROUNDING
rFM BROADCAST RECEIVING ANTENNA:
The field strength of FM broadcast is much attenuated behind
mountains and buildings, and in ferroconcrete buildings. This
requires to use an FM antenna of different type depending on
the area and place where the SX44O will be used. Use the most
suitable antenna, referring to the following:
o Employ the T-type indoor antenna accessory to the SX440
when using the SX-440 within a wooden building near the FM
radio station. Connect the end of the vertical section of the
T-type antenna to the FM ANTENNA TERMINALS (15) as
shown in Fig. 9, and expand the horizontal section of the T-
type antenna. While actually receiving broadcast, determine the
direction of the horizontal section for the best radio reception ,
and fix it on a wall or other place. Refer to the article
"RECEPTION OF FM BROADCAST" reprding the determi-
nation of the antenna direction.
. When using the SX-44O afar from the broadcasting station,
behind a mountain or within a ferroconcrete building, install
an FM radio antenna (or FM/TV common antenna) outdoors
and connect it to the FM antenna terminals (15). The FM
antenna is various in type, having 3 to 7 elements. Select the
most suitable antenna by consulting a nearby radio antenna
sales store,
NOTE: The installation procedure of FM radio antenna is
similar to that of TV antennas. For details, followthe
instructions accompanying the FM radio antenna
purchased.
rAM BROADCAST RECEIVING ANTENNA:
. When using the SX440 near the broadcasting station or
inside a wooden building, it is unnecessary to install an AM
antenna. ln crch an area, set the direction of the AM FERRITE
ANTENNA for the best radio reception while actually listening
to broadcasts. Refer to the article "RECEPTION OF BROAD-
CAST".
. lf good reception cannot be attained wen by properly adjust-
ing the direction of the AM FERRITE ANTENNA, use the
accessory AM lead wire antenna. Connect one end of the
antenna to the AM ANTENNA TERMINAL ('17) and expand
the wire along a wall of the room.
. lf good reception cannot be attained even when the acc€ssory
lead wire antenna is used, install an AM antenna outdoors.
Connect the lead-in wire of the outdoor antenna to the AM
ANTENNA TERMINAL (17).
Fis. 9
Fig. 10
SPEAKER TERMINALS
ER
SPEAKER PLUG
FM T'TYPE INDOOR ANTENNA
FM OUTDOOR ANTENNA

CII
NOTE: For the outdoor antenna, a standard AM broadcast
antenna can be formed by purchasing pVC wire from
an electric appliance shop and installing it 25 feet
(7.5 m) above the ground for a horizonial length of
50 feet (15 m), with a feeder line 30 feet (1O m) long.
These wire lengths may not be so price and may
be as long as allowed by the place of installation.
However, the height of the horizontal section of the
antenna should not be too low to attain a good
antenna effect.
CONNECTION OF RECORD PLAYER
. lf the record player to be used with the SX-440 has a
magnetic cartridge, connect the output cords of the record
player to the MAGNETIC PHOI\O TERMINALS (2O); if the
record player has a crystal or ceramic cartridge, connect the
output cords to the auxiliary terminals. lns€rt the output cord
plug for the left channel into the upper terminal jack, and that
for the right channel into the lower terminal jack.
CONNECTION OF TAPE RECORDER
. The tape recorder to be used with the SX-44O should have
an output terminal (line output) for connection to external
amplifier, or a tape monitor terminal.
o When using a tape deck, the tape deck should have a recording/
playback preamplifier built in. PIONEER's Model T-500F
separately available can be used with the SX44O without
any problems.
TCONNECTION FOR RECORDING:
Connect the recording input terminals (line input) of the tape
recorder (or tape deck) to the TAPE RECORDING TERMINALS
(24l. of the SX-440 . For this connection, use the cords which
are normally accessory to the tape recorder.
The upper one of the recording input terminals (line input)
is for the left channel; the lower one, for the right channel.
When the tape recorder is monaural, connect its input terminal
to the upper TAPE RECORDING TERMINAL (24l. .
CONNECTION OF CARTRIDGE
IGROUNDING:
o Groundingor non-grounding the GROUND TERMINAL 1 (16)
does not much affect the performance of the SX-440.
However, it is desirable to ground the terminal from the view-
point of safety.
. Connect to the GROUND TERMINAL 1 (16) the ground
conductor leading to the earth.
When using a monaural record player, connect its output
cord to the upper (left channel) terminal.
NOTE: lf the output cord plug of the record player to be
connected does not fit the input terininal jack of the
SX-2140 , replace the plug with the pin plug contained
in the accessory bag,
(OR TAPE DECK)
r CONNECTION FOR PLAYBACK (OR TAPE
RECORDING MONITOR):
Connect the playback output terminals (line output or tape
monitor terminals) of the tape recorder (or tape deck) to the
TAPE MONITOR TERMINALS (23). Tne connecting procedure
is similar to that of the above "CONNECTION FOR RE-
CORDING".
r USE OF TAPE REC/P.B. CONNECTOR:
lf the tape recorder (or tape deck) to be connected to the
SX440 has a recording/playback connector of DIN type,
@nnect it to the TAPE REC/P.B. CONNECTOR (25) of the
SX-44O . Disregard "CONNECTION FOR RECORDING" and
,,CONNECTION FOR PLAYBACK'"
TAPE PLAYER
When using the cartridge tape player {PIONEER's Model H-60E),
connect its output to the AUXILIARY TERMINALS (21). The
connecting procedure is similar to that for record player connec-
tion,

IPIONEER
RECEPTION OF BROADCAST
r BEFORE TURNING ON THE POWER SWITCH
OF THE SX.44O, CHECK THE FOLLOWING:
VOLUME CONTROL KNOB (14) is set to "MtN".
TAPE MONITOR SWITCH (12) issetto "OFF".
MODE SWITCH (11) set to "STEREO".
SPEAKER ON/OFF SWITCH (7) is set to "ON".
(lf using a stereo headphone, set the s^/itch to "OFF").
r RECEPTION OF FM BROADCAST:
1, SEt thE SELECTOR KNOb (5) tO thE "FM STEREO"
position.
2. While observing the pointer deflection of the TUNING
INDICATOR (2), tune the SX-440 to the desired station by
using the TUNING knob (4) . The best reception isattained
when the pointer of the TUNING INDICATOR (2) largely
deflects rightward. lf the tuned station is broadcasting a
stereo program, the STEREO INDICATOR (3) lights. With
the SE LECTOR knob (5) in this position, monaural
programs can also be received.
3. When the desired station is tuned in, gently turn the
VOLUME CONTROL knob (141 clockwise. Ad.iust the
BASS CONTROL (9) and TREBLE CONTROL (10) for the
desired tone quality.
.When the SX-2140 is used very afar from the broadcasting
station, or external noise is intensive, the noise is sup-
pressed and better reception is attained by setting the
SELECTOR knob (5) to the "FM MONO" position.
When the knob is in this position, however, stereo programs
are received as monaural programs. (The stereo indicator is
unrelated although it lights.)
4. When good radio reception cannot be attained by the
above operating procedures 1 to 3. reconsider the antenna,
referring to the article "ANTENNA CONNECTION AND
GROUNDING".
TRECEPTION OF AM BROADCAST:
1. Set the SELECTOR knob (5) to the "AM" position.
2. While observing the pointer deflection of the TUNING
INDICATOR (2). tune the SX440 to the desired station by
using the TUNING knob (4). The best reception is attained
when the pointer of the TUNING INDICATOR (2) largely
deflects rightward.
3. When the desired station is tuned in, adjust the VOLUME
CONTROL (14), BASS CONTROL (9) and TREBLE CON-
TROL (10) for desired sound volume and tone quality.
4. When good radio reception cannot be attained, such as
speaker sound is noisy or inferior in tone quality by the
above operating procedures 1 to 3, re+onsider the antenna,
referring to the article "ANTENNA CONNECTION AND
GROUNDING". When the SX-440 is used very near the
broadcasting station, the field intensity is sometimes too
strong, resulting in low tone quality. lf this occurs, shorten or
remove the antenna connected to the AM antenna terminal
for the best radio reception.

OI
PLAY OF DISK RECORD
1.
2.
3.
Set the SELECTOR knob (5) to the "PHONO" position. lf
the record player used a crystal or ceramic cartridge, set the
knob to the "AUX" position.
When using a monaural record player, set the MODE SWITCH
(11) to the "MONO" position.
Adjust the voLUME, BASS and TREBLE CONTROLS for
desired sound volume and tone quality.
PLAY OF CARTRIDGE TAPE
1, Set the SELECTOR knob (b) to the ,,AUX', position.
2. The succeeding procedure is similar to its counterpart of
the disk record player operation.
RECORDING AND PLAYBACK
WITH TAPE RECORDER
(oR TAPE DECK
IRECORDING:
The same signals as those emitted from loudspeakers can always
be taken out from the tape recording terminals (241 of the
SX-40 .Operate the selector knob (5) and mode switch (11)
according to the program source to be recorded, following the
instructions described in articles "RECEPTION OF B ROADCAST"
and "PLAY OF DISK RECORD"
The volume, bass and treble controls of the SX44O cannot be
used for the tape recording. The recording lwel should be
adjusted by the control of the tape recorder (or tape deck).
NOTE: When using a monaural tape recorder, signals of either
left or right channel only can be recorded.
I PLAYBACK:
set the TAPE MONTTOR SWTTCH (12) to the ,'oN" position.
Adjust the VOLUME. BASS and TREBLE CONTROLS for
desired sound volume and tone quality.
.When the TAPE MONITOR SWTTCH (12) is in the "ON"
position, the position of the SELECTOR knob {5) is unrelated
to the playback operation.
r TAPE MONITOR:
lf the tape recorder used with the SX-44O is provided with a
monitor circuit, monitor can be effected regardless of the tape
recorder being two-head or three-head type. Connect the tape
recorder to the SX440 recording and playback terminals. By
setting the TAPE MONITOR (121 from "OFF" to "ON" while
making recording, the signals applied to the recording head can
be monitored if the tape recorder is of the two head system. lf a
three-head tape recorder is used, recorded signals can be monitor-
ed immediately after recording.
RECORDING
HEAD
ERASING
HEAD
INPU
TERMINAL
LINE INPUT
TERMINAL
TAPE REC. TERMINAL TAPE IV]ON
MODE/ TAPE MON SWTTCH
PLAY BACK HEAD
LINE OUTPUT TERMINAL
TAPE MONITOR
TERMINAL SPEAKER
SYSTEM
3 HEADS.TYPE TAPE RECORDER
Fig.'12
10