PMDG McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 Reference manual
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PMDGMD‐11
PILOTINTRODUCTION
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The PMDG Team:
The PMDG development team is recognized throughout the simulation
community for producing ground breaking airliner simulations. The PMDG
MD-11 was developed primarily by the following individuals:
Primary Product Development:
Bill Grabowski
Michael Frantzeskakis
Dr. Evangelos M. Vaos
Vincent M. Scimone
Armen Cholakian
Supporting development was provided by:
Robert S. Randazzo
Pete Sterling
Paul Gollnick
Lefteris Kalamaras
After-sale support for this product is provided by:
Paul Gollnick
Ryan Maziarz
Robert S. Randazzo
The Team Behind The Team
We receive many emails each month from individuals who wish to join
our beta team. We have very high expectations for our Technical
Advisors and Beta Testers and are frequently told that our “hiring
minimums” are higher than most airlines for their air crewmembers. We
take great pride in the cohesion and dedication of our beta team
members, and we place significant demands on their time, their expertise
and occasionally their patience.
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We would like to thank the following individuals for their contributions to
testing and validating this project:
Captain Clyde Blackwell
Captain Anthony Borreson
Captain Reinaldo Menegoli
FO David Bartoli
FO Remco Kappert
FO Matthijs Ledegang
FO Berhard List (CA designate!)
FO Joseph Panford
MT Paul Garcia
MT Stan Winke
Mark Adeane
Jason Brown
Markus Burkhard
Carl Avari-Cooper
Steve Cotterill
Evangelos Dokos
Clayton Dopke
Dan Downs
Andre Fedrizzi
Ryan Gamurot
Jhan Jensen
Mats Johansson
Sam Johnnson
Anssi Lisko
Christos Makris
George Morris
Tero Partanen
Martin Pauli
Craig Reade
Mike Roth
Paul Solk
Bruce Ullyot
Albaro Villegas
Steve Weiher
Jane Rachel Whittaker
Bryan York
Urs Zwissig
And of course, the many fine folks from The Boeing Company and Alteon
who have helped make this project a wonderful example of advanced
aviation simulation software.
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Options and Customization
When airlines purchase an airplane a significant amount of customization
goes into each aircraft in order to provide the airline customer with the
exact options and capability that they require.
When modeling aircraft for Microsoft Flight Simulator, it is often difficult to
include provision for many of the options that individual airlines purchase,
but at PMDG we have tried hard to provide our customers with the ability
to individualize their airplane!
When you load the PMDG MD-11 in FSX, you will notice that we have
added a PMDG menu under the native ADDONS menu. The PMDG
menu item is the place where you can find an array of options and
customizations to further enhance your PMDG MD-11 experience!
The PMDG menu provides access to a host of options that can be
selected by the user to add the specter of aircraft system and engine
failures or to tweak the performance and appearance of the cockpit to
match the user’s favorite airline configuration!
To further enhance the custom experience, PMDG has produced dozens
of liveries representing airlines operating the MD-11 worldwide. These
liveries are provided at no cost to you, and can be downloaded from
www.precisionmanuals.com
PMDG has elected not to charge for airline liveries in order to provide
additional value to the base product that you have already purchased.
Users should feel free to download the PMDG MD-11 PaintKits that are
also available from the PMDG web site. These paintkits were developed
by PMDG’s livery artists in order to assist users who wish to add their own
customizations to the PMDG line of airplanes.
Users are free to distribute the artwork that they create, but should
carefully refrain from distributing any files that are included in the base
PMDG MD-11 package, as these files are all Copyright protected and
watermarked for easy identification. PMDG aggressively prosecutes
cases of theft and we offer rewards for individuals providing information
that leads to successful prosecution of theft. (If you have any questions on
this policy, please contact us!)
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Copyrights and License Ownership
The license for the PMDG MD-11 is granted only to the legal purchaser of
the PMDG MD-11. Please review the license agreement carefully, as it
provides you with only limited rights. Specifically, you may not sell,
resell, trade or barter this software product/license without the permission
of PMDG.
You should also be aware that you may not use this simulation software
for any training, pilot familiarization, recurrent training or operational
awareness training. This simulation may or may not accurately represent
the actual operation of many different aircraft systems and no warranty is
made to accuracy or correctness.
This simulation may not be used in any public display for which users are
charged admission, usage fees or other revenue generating charges. Nor
may the simulation be used in any manner which reflects poorly on
PMDG, the PMDG development team, Boeing, Boeing’s suppliers,
customers or employees.
PMDG MD-11 Manuals
PMDG has provided a Quick Reference Handbook, Flight Crew
Operating Manual, Systems Manual and a Flight Management System
Guide in the form of PDF’s with this product. These manuals are derived
from the manuals provided to flight crews operating the MD-11, and have
been modified to suit the needs of the simulation. In some cases we
have removed information that does not apply to the simulation, and in
other cases we have left information that doesn’t directly apply to the
simulation in order to provide completeness of information on operating
procedures and environment.
This INTRODUCTION will give you most everything that you need to
know in order to operate the computer software effectively from an
interface and options standpoint.
You MUST read the FCOM, SYSTEMS, FMS and QRH manuals in order
how to operate the airplane that is simulated in the software!
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ABOUT THE PMDG MD-11
The MD-11 is the third “from scratch” product that PMDG has produced
for the Microsoft Flight Simulator Community. In the five years since the
release of our first Microsoft Flight Simulator based product, the PMDG
737, we have spent many hours investigating and learning from reports
made by our customers. With an eye toward eliminating many of the
interface or simulation behavior nuances that our customers did not like in
our previous products, we feel that this product successfully expands
upon the strengths of our PMDG 737 and PMDG 747-400 product lines.
The MD-11 is a vastly different airplane than any previous PMDG
product, and we have compiled this documentation in order to provide
you with the best information to help you learn how to operate this
airplane effectively. We recommend that you read through these
documents without trying to retain all details on the first read. It is our
experience that even seasoned airline pilots will gain the most from
reading their manuals repeatedly over many months in order to learn
everything that is required of them in a new airplane.
We recommend that technique to all PMDG customers as well. Read,
learn, and enjoy the results of our hard work!
If you need help or require assistance, please use our customer forum
hosted at www.avsim.com in the forum section. The PMDG forum is the
best place to converse with like-minded PMDG customers and to learn
new tips and techniques to operating a complex airliner like the MD-11!
In the following section we outline some of the many options that we have
included to further your enjoyment of the simulator. Additionally, we
outline some of the “oddities” that you might come across within Microsoft
Flight Simulator, along with an explanation of their existence. We hope
you will find this information useful and that it will enhance your enjoyment
of the PMDG MD-11!
The PMDG Development Team
01OCT08
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The Add-ons Menu in FSX:
The menu bar in FSX contains a dedicated Add-ons menu item. This
menu item provides you with access to the various menus and functions
to customize and control options within the PMDG MD-11. Clicking on
this menu will show you the following:
There are two PMDG menu items located under the Add-Ons menu tab:
•PMDG Sounds
•PMDG
The PMDG Sounds menu is used to customize some options related to
the sound set installed with your PMDG MD-11.
The PMDG menu provides you with access to a wide array of options that
you may use to customize your PMDG MD-11 experience. These options
are described later in this chapter.
You may have menu options present from other add-ons that have been
installed within FSX, but only those containing the PMDG name will have
an effect on your PMDG MD-11 product.
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PMDG Sounds Menu:
The PMDG Sounds menu provides a simple to use tool that will allow you
to balance the volume of sounds produced by the PMDG aircraft (such as
GPWS and TCAS callouts) with those produced by the simulator. The tool
works just like a volume control knob, and is pre-set to Mid-Level, which
should be acceptable on most hardware configurations.
Located within this menu is a checkbox that will allow you to hear internal
cockpit warnings and callouts when viewing the aircraft from an external
view. This capability is turned off by default.
It is important to note that as a result of Microsoft Flight Simulator’s
internal sound logic, it is necessary to select the “Allow sounds to play in
external and VC views” option if you wish to hear most of the cockpit
related sounds while outside of the 2D cockpit. (In the virtual cockpit, for
example!) We recommend leaving this box selected.
If you find that the ambient noise level is too high relative to other settings,
you can adjust the volume to suite your tastes.
Please note that we have gone to great lengths to accurately model the
sound level experienced by pilots on the flight deck of an MD-11. Most
people never get to hear the sound from the cockpit, and they are
surprised by how little sound can be heard from the flight deck. This
sound experience has been accurately modeled within Flight Simulator.
PMDG Menu:
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The PMDG menu is selected from the main FSX menu bar by selecting
ADDONS, then PMDG. The following menu is then presented:
This menu gives you access to the interface from which the you can
customize your PMDG MD-11 equipment, operation and reliability. The
user can also save and load cockpit states from this menu after saving
flights while they are in progress.
IMPORTANT NOTE: If you have more than one PMDG product installed
within FSX, the PMDG menu will only provide access to those options
and items that affect the PMDG airplane currently being used. If you see
items that are grayed out (unavailable) this is your indication that the item
is not available in the selected aircraft. The PMDG menu is divided into
four areas in order to make menu selections easy to find:
•General: This area provides access to options for
customizing the PMDG MD-11 cockpit equipment and displays, as
well as the aircraft fueling menu, a performance tuning menu and
a keyboard command menu.
•Panel State: This area provides the ability to save the current
flight state, or to load a previously saved state.
•Failures: Provides access to the Failure and mechanical
dependability menu.
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•About: Provides information about the PMDG Team, our
Technical Advisors and Beta Testers.
Each of the menu options is described in detail in this chapter. A
thorough understanding of the options presented via these menus will
help to ensure you maximum enjoyment from the PMDG MD-11.
Save Panel State Menu:
The PMDG Save Panel State Menu is used to save the current state of
the panel, switches, aircraft systems and FMS data from within Microsoft
Flight Simulator. The Save Panel State menu presents the user with a
list of previously saved files, and a NEW button to allow the current panel
state to be saved for future loading.
When the cockpit panel state is saved, the current position of switches
and key systems in the aircraft are saved for future loading of the flight
situation, along with any flight plan and FMS data that were entered in the
MCDU at that time.
Keeping your saved flights in synch: We recommend using the MSFS
FLIGHT/SAVE menu for saving a flight or scenario. If you save your
flight using the MSFS Save Situation menu, your current cockpit state will
be saved simultaneously. When you later reload this scenario, you will
be right back where you left off!
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Note that loading/saving a panel state alone (with no corresponding MSFS
saved flight) is to be used mainly on the ground to switch between
standard states, like “cold &dark” to “before engine start” etc. Loading a
panel state that was saved for a situation on the ground while the aircraft is
flying makes no sense and can create strange situations, especially
concerning flight plan and FMS data that will be out of synch. If such a
situation occurs, you will see a message on the top of the screen that
warns you that the flight plan could not be loaded because it was
incompatible with the current state of the aircraft.
Failures Cannot Be Saved: It is important to note that some
information about the state of the aircraft will not transfer through a saved
flight state. For example, the status of failed systems, mechanical
failures and emergencies will not be saved and reloaded when a flight is
resumed. If you wish to “re-fail” systems that became inoperative on a
previous flight, simply use the Failures menu to manually fail the desired
equipment. When the flight is resumed, the respective systems will be
offline again. (For more information on failures, please see the Failures
menu description later in this chapter!)
Load Panel State Menu:
The PMDG Load Panel State Menu is used to reload previously saved
panel save files. When selected, the Load Panel State menu presents
the user with a list of previously saved files. Highlight the desired file and
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click the OK button to reload that saved panel state.
When the cockpit panel state is loaded, the saved position of switches,
key systems, flight plan and all FMS data are reset according to the
parameters that were saved from the original flight.
Keeping your saved flights in synch: We generally recommend
matching your Save Panel State files with your Microsoft Flight Simulator
saved flights. In this instance, you can reload a saved flight and the
PMDG MD-11 panel state and resume the flight normally.
Note that loading/saving a panel state alone (with no corresponding MSFS
saved flight) is to be used mainly on the ground to switch between
standard states, like “cold &dark” to “before engine start” etc. Loading a
panel state that was saved for a situation on the ground while the aircraft is
flying makes no sense and can create strange situations, especially
concerning flight plan and FMS data that will be out of synch. If such a
situation occurs, you will see a message on the top of the screen that
warns you that the flight plan could not be loaded because it was
incompatible with the current state of the aircraft.
Failures Do Not Re-Load: It is important to note that some information
about the state of the aircraft will not transfer through a saved flight state.
The status of failed systems, mechanical failures and emergencies will
not be saved and reloaded when a flight is resumed. If you wish to “re-
fail” systems that became inoperative on a previous flight, simply use the
Failures menu to manually activate the desired equipment failures.
When the flight is resumed, the respective systems will be offline again.
(For more information on failures, please see the Failures menu
description later in this chapter!)
NOTE:WehaveincludedatutorialtohelpyoulearntoflythePMDG
MD‐11!
PleaseseeyourPMDGSimulations/MD‐11FSXmenuandlookfor
thePMDGMD‐11Tutorial!
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Failures Menu:
Unless the user specifies otherwise, the PMDG MD-11 will, by default
remain perfectly mechanically dependable. If you desire the challenge of
managing the aircraft through various types of abnormal conditions the
Failures menu will provide you with the ability to customize the
mechanical dependability of your aircraft
The failures menu is broken vertically into halves. The left side of the
screen allows the user to select specific systems or subsystem, while the
right side of the screen allows the user to set parameters for how selected
failures will occur.
System Failure List: There are more than 175 mechanical failure
scenarios that can be triggered by the user in the PMDG MD-11. These
failure scenarios are presented in the menu on the left side of the Failures
Menu.
By using the “Sort By” pull-down menu, the user can change the display
to see failures listed by System grouping, (Electrical, Fire, Hydraulic, etc)
or by Category (Transient, Nuisance, Minor, Severe.)
Clicking on the + boxes expands the failure list display to show individual
system components that can be failed by the user.
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Activating Failures: There are three ways that a user can fail systems
in the PMDG MD-11:
•Immediate Failure
•Timed Failure
•Random Failures
Activating Immediate Failures: Immediate Failures are mostly self
explanatory. Select the desired system component from the left side of
the Failures Menu, then check the ACTIVATE box on the right side of the
menu. When the OK button is pressed, the selected system will be
rendered inoperative in the simulator.
Note that in this image the blue header title on the top, right side of the
menu has changed to describe the component that has been selected for
failure. Checking the ACTIVATE box, then pressing APPLY will
immediately render the Elevator Load Feel system inoperative when you
return to the simulator.
Armed Failures (Timed Activation): The ARMED checkbox is used to
arm a particular system for failure at a time in the future. The Hrs, Min,
and Sec selector windows are used to set the time from present for the
desired failure to occur. (Be sure to press the APPLY button!)
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Random Failures: Many users are interested in the simulation of
random events during the course of a flight in order to practice proper
decision making skills and event handling techniques. PMDG has
provided a comprehensive random failures module that can simulate a
rate of failures for specific system categories or the entire airplane as a
whole, depending upon user preference.
Random failures can be assigned to limit themselves to a specific system
category, (Electric, Hydraulic, etc), or to a specific failure category
(Transient, Minor, Severe, etc) or they can be assigned to encompass any
of the 176 possible failure scenarios.
Activate Random Failures: To activate random failures, set the “Sort by”
tab to read “Category” on the failures menu.
Next, select ALL from the menu list, and you will be given the opportunity
to set a random, global failure rate for your MD-11 simulation.
Determine the Failure Rate: Random failures require that the user
select a “rate” at which failures will occur. For simplicity, this rate is
described as the number of events/10hours of airplane operation.
It should be noted that selecting 1/10 will not give you precisely one
failure in a ten hour period. The figure is a rolling average of failures /
flight time. As such, it is possible to have multiple successive failures in
close proximity to one another, but over an extended period, the rate of
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failures will average 1 failure for 10 hrs of flight time.
(Example: 2 failures that occur 1 minute apart might be the only failures
you see during 20 hours in flight. As such, they fit the 1/10 failure rate.)
When setting a global rate for failure events, you are telling the simulator
to provide you with a random mixture of four different types of failures.
Minor, Nuisance, Severe and Transient failures will be randomly selected
at a frequency as described above.
Placing Limits On Failures: You can place limits on the types of
failures you experience and the total number of events you might
experience during any given flight. To do this, you can set a failure rate
for each of the four types of failures (Minor, Nuisance, Severe or
Transient.)
For example, if you wished to eliminate all failures that are within the
severe category, you can do so by setting Random Failures active
individually in the Nuisance, Transient and Minor categories, while leaving
the Severe category inactive.
Additionally, if you wish to limit the total number of failures on any given
flight, you can do so by selecting the STOP AFTER checkbox, and enter
a number into the EVENTS FIRED window. For example, if you wished
to have a failure rate of 6 events / 10 hours of flight time, but only wanted
a maximum of 3 failures per any given flight, you can set this limitation by
using the STOP AFTER checkbox
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In the example graphic below, you are setting a relatively high rate of
nuisance failures, meaning that the rate of incidence is going to
approximate 6 events in 10 hours of flight time. However, you will only
receive 3 incidents.
Failures That Make Things Worse: When activating failures within the
airplane, it is important that the user be prepared to use the Flight Crew
Operating Manual (FCOM) and/or the Quick Reference Handbook
(QRH)in order to troubleshoot and handle subsequent failures correctly.
Some types of failures, if not handled correctly, can lead to subsequent
and often more critical systemic failures.
Additionally, there is a statistical component involved when the Abnormals
checklist calls for re-setting a system in flight. Based upon real world flight
data, some systems will reset easily, while others may continue to fail.
Failure to follow the Abnormal checklist in such a situation may in fact
result in further damage to the airplane or its systems. This effect is
modeled for most failure modes, so follow the Abnormal Checklist!
The FCOM is a primary reference for understanding how to operate the
airplane, and it contains emergency procedures, normal and abnormal
procedures to cover nearly every eventuality that you might encounter in
flight. You should spend some time reading the FCOM to become familiar
with the operation of the airplane.
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You will also find that the Quick Reference Handbook is an invaluable tool
when abnormal conditions arise in flight. When reacting to an alert or
message, you should immediately turn to the QRH for guidance on trouble
shooting and addressing the problem.
Failures Triggered Outside of the Menu: Aircraft systems are highly
interdependent, and the operation of a modern airliner is very procedural.
It is possible that during normal operation of the airplane you may receive
an ALERT message because of some condition on the airplane that
requires crew attention. If you receive an alert message, you should open
the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) identify the alert, and follow the
procedure specified.
Proper care and handling of the airplane is important in all regimes of
flight.
NOTE:WehaveincludedatutorialtohelpyoulearntoflythePMDG
MD‐11!
PleaseseeyourPMDGSimulations/MD‐11FSXmenuandlookfor
thePMDGMD‐11Tutorial!
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Options Menu:
There are almost as many options for cockpit display information and
aircraft equipment setup in the MD-11 as there are customers who have
operated the airplane. Many of these options and equipment differences
are available to the user via the PMDG Options menu.
The PMDG Options menu for the PMDG MD-11 is shown below:
On the left side of this menu are listed six categories. Each category
contains a range of options that the user can modify to change the PMDG
MD-11 experience as desired. The categories and their function are as
follows:
•Airline Options - Displays: Modify the appearance and function
of the cockpit displays to suit your regional tastes.
•Airline Options - Equipment: Modify the equipment installed in
Other manuals for McDonnell-Douglas MD-11
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