Powerhand HU14002 User manual

Coating Thickness Tester
User Manual
Please read this manual before switching the unit on.
Important safety information inside.

Contenu
1.General information ............................................................................................................................. 3
1-1. Application................................................................................................................................... 3
1-2. Description Of The Gauge........................................................................................................... 4
l-3. Supply Schedule............................................................................................................................ 4
1-4. Probe ............................................................................................................................................ 4
1-5. Specifications............................................................................................................................... 5
1-6.Front View .................................................................................................................................... 5
2.Preparing .............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1. Power Supply ............................................................................................................................... 6
2·2.Replacing The Battery .................................................................................................................. 6
2-3. Menu System and Basic Settings................................................................................................. 6
2·3·1. Menu System ........................................................................................................................ 6
2-3-2 Basic Settings......................................................................................................................... 7
3.measuring. Storage And Data Processing In Direct and Group Mode................................................. 8
4. Calibration and Measurement ............................................................................................................. 9
4-1.General Hints for Calibration........................................................................................................ 9
4-1-1.Calibration methods............................................................................................................... 9
4-1-2.Storing calibration Values ................................................................................................... 10
4-1-3.calibration Example............................................................................................................. 10
4-1-4.High-Accuracy Calibration.................................................................................................. 10
4-1-5.Cleaning the Measuring Point.............................................................................................. 10
4-2.Special Hints for calibration ....................................................................................................... 10
4-2-1.Zero-point Calibration (no need to enable calibration)........................................................ 11
4-2-2. One-point calibration.......................................................................................................... 11
4-2-3.Two-point Calibration ......................................................................................................... 12
4-2-4.Shot-blased Surfaces............................................................................................................ 13
4-3.General Remarks on Measurement............................................................................................. 14
5. Limit Function................................................................................................................................... 14
6. Measurement Using Statistics ........................................................................................................... 15
6-1.Statistical Terms.......................................................................................................................... 15
6.2.Storage Capacity Overflow ......................................................................................................... 15
7.Delete Functions................................................................................................................................. 16
8.Gauge Control Via PC........................................................................................................................ 16
9.Trouble Shooting................................................................................................................................ 16

1.General information
The coating thickness gauges work either on the magnetic induction
principle or on the eddy current principle, depending on the type of probe
used. You can select the type of probe via the MENU system.
The gauges conform to the following industrial standards:
GB/T 4956-1985
GB/T 4957·1985
JB/T 8393·1996
JIG 889·95
JIG 818-93
Features
-Measured Coatings: Non-magnetic coatings (e.g. paint, zinc) on steel;
Insulating coatings (e.g. paint, anodizing coatings) on no-ferrous metals
-Operating with MENU easily
-Two measuring mode: CONTINUE and SINGLE mode
'Two working mode: DIRECT and GROUP mode (4 groups)
'Statistic Display: AVG. MAX. MIN. NO., S.DEV
-One point calibrating and two points calibrating independently for each
working mode
-Zero calibrating easily
• Memory for 320 reading (80 for each group)
-Delete single readings and all group readings easily
-High alarm and Low alarm for all working mode
-Low battery, error indication
-USB interface for PC analysis software
-Disable Auto-Power-off function via MENU setting.
1-1. Application
-This compact and handy gauge is designed for non-destructive, fast and
precise coating thickness measurement. The principal applications lie in
the field of corrosion protection. It is ideal for manufacturers and their
customers, for offices and specialist advisers, for paint shops and
electroplaters, for the chemical, automobile, shipbuilding and aircraft
industries and for light and heavy engineering.
• This gauge is suitable for laboratory, workshop and outdoor use.
-The probe can work on both principles, magnetic induction and on the
eddy current principle. One probe only is required for coating
measurement both on ferrous and non-ferrous metal substrates.
It is adaptable to specific tasks: i.e. they can be used on special
geometries or on materials with special properties.

1-2. Description Of The Gauge
- For measurement on steel substrates, the gauge work on the magnetic
induction principle, for measurement on non-ferrous metal substrates, it
works on the eddy current principle.
-Measurement values and user information are shown on LCD. A display
back light ensures easy reading of screen data in dark conditions.
-Two different operating modes are available: DIRECT mode and
GROUP mode.
-DIRECT mode is recommended for simple, quick, occasional
measurements. It provides statistical analysis. Single values are not
saved. The statistical analysis program can evaluate 80 readings.
-GROUP mode permits measurement and storage of readings in a free
programmable memory. A maximum of 400 readings and 4 series of
measurements can be analyzed according to various statistical criteria.
1-3. Supply Schedule
-Gauge with two 1.SV battery, plastics carrying case, operating
instructions (English), steel and aluminum substrate.
-USB connecting cable
-Program disc for Windows 98/2000/XP/Vista17
1-4. Probe
The Probe systems are spring-mounted in the probe sleeve. This
ensures safe and stable positioning of the probe and constant contact
pressure.
A V-groove in the sleeve of the probes facilitates reliable readings on
small cylindrical parts. The hemispherical tip of the probe is made of hard
and durable material. Hold the probe by the spring mounted sleeve and
put on measuring object.

1-5. Specifications
Sensor probe F N
Working principle Magnetic induction Eddy current principle
Measuring range 0~1250µm
0~49.21mils
0~1250µm
0~49.21mils
Guaranteed tolerance
(of reading)
0~850µm
(+/- 3% + 1µm)
850µm~1250µm
(+/- 5%)
0~850µm
(+/- 3% + 1.5µm)
850µm~1250µm
(+/- 5%)
0~33.46 mils
(+/- 3% + 0.039 mils)
33.46mils ~49.21mils
(+/- 5%)
0~33.46 mils
(+/- 3% + 0.059 mils)
33.46mils ~49.21mils
(+/- 5%)
Precision 0~50µm (0.1 µm)
50µm-850µm (1µm)
850µm~1250µm
(0.01mm)
0~50µm (0.1 µm)
50µm-850µm (1µm)
850µm~1250µm
(0.01mm)
0~1.968mils
(0.001mils)
1.968mils~33.46mils
(0.01mils)
33.46mils~49.21mils
(0.1mils)
0~1.968mils
(0.001mils)
1.968mils~33.46mils
(0.01mils)
33.46mils~49.21mils
(0.1mils)
Minimum curvature radius 1.5mm 3mm
Diameter of Minimum area 7mm 5mm
Basic critical thickness 0.5mm 0.3mm
Working temperature 0°C~40°C (32°F~107°F)
Working relative humidity 20%~90%
Size (HxDxW): 110x50x23mm / Weight: 100g
1-6.Front View
1. Probe
2. Power ON/OFF key
3. Zero Calibration key
4. Down/Right key
5. Blue key for ESC/NO/BACK function in menu mode, or
backlight
ON/OFF In working mode
6. Main display for coating thickness
7. Measuring unit
8. NFe: indicates readings on non-ferrous metals;
Fe: indicates readings on ferrous metals
9. lndicates the probe working principle: AUTO, Magnetic
induction or Eddy current
10. O-Indicates that the gauge is currently controlled via pc
11. USB connecting port
12. Low battery
13. Working mode indication: DIRECT or GROUP
14. Statistic display: AVG, MAX. MIN, SDEV
15. The statistic number of measuring readings
16. Red key for OKIYEs/ MENU!
SELECT in menu mode 9
17. Up/Left key

2.Pre
p
2.1. P
o
For c
h
No L
C
displa
D
batter
y
Note
t
is ver
y
2·2.R
e
·Plac
e
-Rem
o
screw
-Rais
e
• Re
m
-Inser
t
• Clos
Cau1i
2-3. M
2·3·1.
M
Press
red-b
a
NOT
E
Menu
>Stati
s
>
>
>
>
>
>Opti
o
>
>
p
aring
o
wer Su
p
h
ecking t
h
C
displa
y
y.
D
isplay:
g
y
immed
i
t
hat the
g
y
low.
e
placing
T
e
the gau
o
ve the
s
driver.
e
the lid
o
m
ove batt
e
t
new ba
t
e the lid
a
on:Make
enu Sys
t
M
enu Syst
e
to
p
a
r button
E
:MENU
stic view
>
>Aver
a
>
>Mini
m
>
>Maxi
m
>
>Num
b
>
>Sdev.
o
ns
>
>Meas
> >
> >
>
> Wor
k
> >
> >
> >
> >
p
ply
h
e batter
y
y
: Batter
y
g
auge s
w
i
ately.
g
auge wil
l
T
he Batt
e
ge upsid
e
s
crews fr
o
o
f the co
m
e
ry.
t
tery .
a
nd fast
e
sure th
e
t
em and
B
e
m
p
ower o
n
into ME
N
system
a
a
ge view
m
um vie
w
m
um vie
w
b
erview
view
ure mod
e
>Single
>Contin
k
ing mod
e
>Direct
>Group
>Group
>Group
y
's state
y
missing
w
itches o
f
l
make f
a
e
ry
e
down
o
o
m the b
a
m
partme
n
e
n with s
c
anode
a
B
asic Se
t
n
; the ga
u
N
U mode
a
rranges
w
e
mode
uous mo
d
e
1
2
3
of charg
e
or batte
r
f
f after a
b
a
ulty me
a
o
n a suit
a
a
ttery co
m
n
t .
c
rew.
a
nd cath
o
t
tings
u
ge will
w
e
. See fol
l
need to
de
e
please
r
y charg
e
b
out one
a
sureme
n
a
ble surf
a
m
partme
n
o
de are c
o
w
ork in m
e
l
owing M
b
e know
n
> >
U
press
e
too low
t
second:
n
ts if the
v
a
ce.
n
t with a
o
rrectly
p
e
asuring
ENU sys
n
well for
> > >G
r
U
sed pro
b
> > >
AU
> > >F
e
> > >N
o
key:
to illumi
n
Replace
v
oltage
cross tip
p
ositione
d
mode. P
s
tem arra
n
r
your wo
r
roup 4
b
e
U
TO
e
o
Fe
n
ate
d
.
ress
n
ges:
r
ks.

> >Unit settings
> > >um
> > >mils
> > >mm
> > Backlight
> > >ON
> > >OFF
> > LCD Statistic
> > >Average
> > >Maximum
> > >Minimum
> > >Sdev.
> >Auto power off
> > >Enable
> > >Disable
>Limit
> >Limit settings
> > >High limit
> > >Low limit
> >Delete limit
> Delete
> >Current data
> >AII data
> >Group data
>Measurement view
>Calibration
> >Enable
> >Disable
> >Delete Zero N
> >Delete Zero F
2-3-2 Basic Settings
Please refer to the MENU arrange. According to the LCD indication,
Press red-bar button for OK/YES/MENU/SELECT operating functions.
Press blue-bar button for ESC/NO/BACK operating functions. Press the
UP/DOWN button to switch the selected item.
2-3-2-1 Measure mode
-Continuous measurement mode: It can sometimes be of advantage if
the probe does not need to be raised between each measurement so
that there is a running display of readings. In continuous mode, readings
are not accompanied by a bleep. All readings taken in this mode will
automatically be entered into the statistics program as long as sufficient
memory is available.
-Single mode: In Single mode. readings are accompanied by a bleep.
Besides, Others are same as Continuous measurement mode.
2-3-2-2 Used probe
The probe can work in three modes.
AUTO: The probe can automatically select the working mode. When
Placed on steel (magnetic substrates), it will work in magnetic induction
principle. When placed on no-ferrous metals, it will work in eddy current
principle.
Fe: The probe works in magnetic induction principle.
No-Fe: The probe works in eddy current principle.
2-3-2-3 Unit settings
You can switch from Metric units (µm, mm) to imperials (mils).
In “µm “ mode, the unit will switch to "mm" automatically when value of
reading exceeds 850um, see the specification section for more details.

2-3-2-4
A
tota
readi
n
value
s
- Swit
c
- Pre
s
-The
L
butto
n
-The
g
2-3-2-5
You c
a
Press
2-3-2-6
In Me
n
A
vera
mode
,
the st
a
of LC
D
all sta
2-3-2-7
Via "
M
meas
u
2-3-2-8
You c
a
powe
r
3.me
a
Mode
This
g
The
G
-DIR
E
indivi
d
or Sw
i
value
s
readi
n
statist
When
In thi
s
Tota
l
-Res
e
l reset e
r
n
gs of all
s
and tol
e
c
h off ga
u
s
s ZERO
+
L
C displ
a
n
for NO.
g
auge wi
l
Backlight
a
n selec
t
the blue
-
LCD Stati
s
n
u syste
m
ge, Maxi
,
it will b
e
a
tistic nu
D
. Via “s
t
tistic val
u
Measure
m
M
easure
m
u
rement
A
uto pow
e
a
n disab
l
r
off auto
m
a
suring.
g
auge off
e
G
ROUP
m
E
CT mod
e
d
ual read
itch to G
R
s
won't b
e
n
gs and
s
ical anal
y
the me
m
s
mode, i
t
e
t
r
ases dat
work mo
e
rance li
m
u
ge.
+
si
m
a
y "sure t
o
l
l restart
a
t
ON/OF
F
-
bar butt
o
s
ti
c
m
mode,
mum, Mi
n
e
display
e
mber of
m
t
atistic vi
e
u
es for c
u
m
ent view
m
ent vie
w
readings
e
r of
f
l
e Auto-
p
m
atically
Storage
e
rs two
o
m
ode incl
u
e
is inten
ings are
R
OUP m
e
chang
e
s
tatistical
y
sis prog
m
ory is fu
t
has indi
v
a from al
des plus
m
its.
m
ultane
o
o
reset",
a
utomati
c
F
in MEN
o
n once
t
the stati
s
n
imum a
n
e
d on the
m
easurin
e
w" item
u
rrent gr
o
w
" in ME
N
for curr
e
ower-off
for abou
And Da
t
o
perating
u
des G
R
ded for
q
logged t
o
o
de, all r
e
d until lo
values c
ram can
ll, new r
e
v
idual ca
l memori
their as
s
o
usly.
Press re
d
c
ally.
U syste
m
t
o switch
s
tic displ
a
nd Sdev.
e
lower ri
g
g readin
g
in MEN
U
o
up.
N
U, you
c
e
nt group
via MEN
t 3 minu
t
t
a Proce
s
modes:
D
R
O 1~4.
q
uick occ
a
o
memor
y
r
eadings
w
gging ne
an be sh
evaluate
e
adings
w
a
libration
es. This
s
ociated
s
d
-bar bu
t
m
. Besid
e
ON/OF
F
a
y can b
e
When r
e
g
ht of LC
D
g
s is dis
p
U
system,
c
an look
t
.
U syste
m
t
es.
s
sing In
D
IRECT
a
sional r
e
y
provisi
o
w
ill be cl
e
w meas
u
own on t
h
80 readi
w
ill repla
c
v
alues a
n
includes
s
tatistics,
ton for Y
e
s, in me
a
F
backlig
h
e
selecte
d
e
turn to
m
D
. At the
p
layed on
you can
hrough
a
m
or the
g
Direct a
and GR
O
e
adings.
o
nally. W
h
e
aned. B
u
rement
r
h
e LC di
s
ngs.
c
e old re
a
n
d limit v
a
all sets
o
calibrati
o
ES, or bl
a
suring
m
h
t.
d
betwe
e
m
easure
m
same ti
m
n
the low
e
look thr
o
a
ll
g
auge wil
nd Grou
O
UP mo
d
In this m
hen Pow
ut the st
a
r
eadings.
s
play. Th
a
dings.
alues.
o
f
o
n
ue-bar
m
ode,
e
n
m
ent
m
e,
e
r left
o
ugh
l
p
d
e.
ode,
er off
a
tistic
The
e

-In G
R
single
value
s
mem
o
statist
statist
-You
c
NOT
E
set li
m
set m
e
-Pres
s
DIRE
C
4. Cal
4-1.G
e
4-1-1.C
There
-Basi
c
if the
m
zero
p
-Zero
-
readi
n
(Exa
m
-One-
if rea
d
permi
t
probe
-Two-
p
A
) Re
c
B) Re
c
thickn
R
OUP m
o
reading
s
s
can ind
o
ry is full,
ic value
s
ic value
s
c
an sele
c
E
: in orde
m
it, the w
o
e
asurem
e
s
w
h
C
T mod
e
ibration
e
neral Hi
n
alibration
m
are four
c
calibrati
m
easuri
n
p
late atta
c
-
point cal
n
g plus c
o
m
ple for c
point cali
d
ings to
b
t
ted erro
r
error)
point cali
c
ommen
d
c
ommen
d
ess to b
e
o
de, eve
r
s
, and 5
S
ividually
measuri
s
won't b
e
s
, and re
s
c
t DIREC
r to work
o
rd "GR
O
e
nt mod
e
h
ile holdi
n
e
. And th
e
and Me
a
n
ts for C
a
m
ethods
different
on: reco
m
n
g object
c
hed in t
h
ibration:
o
nstant
e
onstant
o
bration (
c
b
e expec
t
r
of prob
e
bration (
u
d
ed for
m
d
ed for
p
e
expect
e
r
y group
m
S
tatistic
v
b
e set a
n
ng will m
e
change
d
s
et calibr
a
T
and G
R
in GRO
U
O
X" mus
t
e
in MEN
U
n
g the pr
o
e
last rea
d
a
sureme
a
libratio
n
method
s
m
mende
d
has the
s
h
e casin
g
recomm
e
rror of p
r
o
f probe
b
c
alibratin
t
ed will b
e
e
will be
m
u
sing a s
m
easure
m
recise m
e
d is bet
w
m
emory
c
v
alues.
C
n
d stored
ake seq
u
d
. If nee
d
a
te value
R
OUP m
o
U
P mode
t
appear
o
U syste
m
o
be in th
e
d
ing will
e
nt
n
s
availabl
d
for me
a
s
ame m
a
g
.
e
nded if
m
r
obe) are
b
e error:
g using
a
e
close t
o
m
ax. ±(1
%
s
et of two
m
ents on
easurem
w
een the
c
an stor
e
C
alibratio
n
for ever
y
u
entially,
d
, you ca
n
s and li
m
o
de in M
, e.g. to
c
o
n the L
C
m
.
e
air. Th
e
b
e show
n
e for cali
a
sureme
n
terial, si
z
m
easurin
permitte
Fe 1 um
;
a
calibrat
i
o
the cali
b
%
... 3%
o
calibrati
o
rough s
u
ents on
s
two cali
b
e
a maxi
m
n
values
a
y
group.
W
but not
b
n
delete
g
m
it values
E
NU sys
t
c
alibrate,
C
display
,
e
gauge
w
n
(if avail
a
bration:
n
t on eve
z
e and c
u
g errors
u
d
.
;
no-Fe 1
i
on foil):
r
b
ration v
a
o
f readin
g
o
n foils):
u
rfaces.
s
mooth s
b
ration foi
m
um of 8
0
a
nd limit
W
hen th
e
b
e stored
g
roup da
.
tem.
take re
a
, if not, y
o
w
ill work
i
able).
e
n surfac
e
u
rvature
a
up to ±(3
.5um)
r
ecomm
e
a
lue and
g plus c
o
urface if
i
ls.
0
e
and
ta and
a
dings,
o
u can
n
e
s and
a
s the
% of
e
nded
if the
o
nstant
t
he

4-1-2.Storing calibration Values
If the gauge is calibrated for a particular purpose, the calibration values
will be stored in memory until changed.
NOTE: The calibration procedure should be restarted from the beginning
if:
-An incorrect reading has been taken.
-An incorrect command has been entered.
-The gauge has been switched off.
4-1-3.calibration Example
Calibration is the most important requirement for accurate measurement.
The more closely the calibration sample matches the product sample,
the more accurate the calibration, and therefore the reading, will be.
If for instance, a product is to be measured on a steel cylinder, quality
ST37(mild steel), diameter 6mm. the calibration of the uncoated sample
must take place on a steel cylinder of similar quality with the same
diameter.
The calibration sample must correspond to the product sample in the
following ways:
-Curvature radius
-Substrate material properties
-Substrate thickness
-Size of measuring area
-The point at which the calibration is made on the calibration sample
must always be identical with the point of measurement on the product
itself, especially in the case of corners and edges of small parts.
4-1-4.High-Accuracy Calibration
To achieve high-accuracy readings, it is advisable to log calibration
values (both zero values and calibration foil values) several times in
succession. In this way, the gauge will automatically establish a mean
calibration value. For more details see 4-2 special hints for calibration.
The high-accuracy calibration is an obvious advantage when calibrating
on uneven, e.g. shot-blasted, surfaces.
4-1-5.Cleaning the Measuring Point
Before calibration the measuring point the probe tip must be free from
grease, oil, scraps of metal, etc. The slightest impurity will affect
measurement and distort readings.
4-2.Special Hints for calibration
The basic calibration stored in the gauge should only be used for
measurements on even surfaces. i.e. on steel components made of
conventional steel (mild steel) or on aluminum components.

Firstly, you can turn into Calibration Mode via MENU (Menu->
Calibration->Enable) system. Then the LC will display 'Cal n(or 1~2)
Zero n (or y)". The "n" means not any point calibration and Zero
calibration, and '''y' means ‘there is Zero calibration", "Cal 1~2” means
''There is one or two point Calibration". After finishing all Calibration task,
we advise that you disable calibration via MENU system.
Preparing to make calibration:
-Switch the gauge on (far from any metal at least 1 Oem).
-Substrate sample and necessary foils (calibration standard).
-Set woke mode: continuous or single via MENU.
4-2-1.Zero-point Calibration (no need to enable calibration)
- Place the probe on uncoated sample (zero coating thickness) vertically
and rapidly.
-The LC display <x.x µm >. Operating is different in continuous mode
and single mode. See the work mode section for more details. Then,
raise the probe rapidly (far from metal substrate at least 10cm)
-Press and hold Zero button for about 1.5seconds, the LC display 0.0
um. The calibration is finished.
-Repeat this procedure several times. The calibration system always
saves the mean value of the previous calibration point.
NOTE: You can delete the old zero point calibration before making a new
zero point calibration via MENU system if existent. The meter always
calculates the mean of 5 calibration readings furthest. When full, the
newest calibration value will replace the oldest calibration value. We
suggest that you make a Zero calibration when starting a measurement.
4-2-2. One-point calibration
This method is recommended for high precision measurements,
measurements on small parts and on hardened and low-alloy steel.
-Zero-point calibration according to section 4-2-1
-Lay the calibration foil on an uncoated sample, apply the probe and
raise it if steady. Press UP or DOWN to adjust required foil thickness.
The thickness of the foil should be roughly equivalent 10 the estimated
coating thickness.
-Repeat step 2 several times. It will get the mean value of previous
calibration readings.

-Now take readings by placing the probe on the coating and raise it if
steady.
-It may be necessary to delete calibration, e.g. after entry of a faulty
calibration value: MENU->delete->delete group data (NOTE: It will delete
all data, limit data, one-point and two-point calibrations except for zero-
point calibration).
-This will reactivate the default basic calibration for use on even
surfaces.
NOTE: The meter calculates the mean of 5 calibration readings furthest.
When full, the newest calibration value will replace the oldest calibration
value.
-Press blue-bar button to exit current calibration. Or else, after about
30 seconds, the calibration will become effective automatically.
- Press Zero button to make current calibration effective compulsively.
Even while a series of measurements is being taken, foil calibration can
be carried out often as necessary. The old calibration will be overwritten;
the Zero calibration remains in memory.
4-2-3.Two-point Calibration
-Suggest that gauge is in single work mode. If necessary switch to the
mode as MENU system. This method requires the use of two different
foils. The thicker one should be, if possible, 1.5 times as thick as the thin
one.
- For best results, the thickness to be expected should be somewhere
between the two calibration values.
-This method is especially suitable for taking measurements on rough
shot-blasted surfaces or for high-precision readings. It is advisable to
take a mean for several times. This considerably reduces the effect of
scattering which occurs during calibration of upper and lower values.
The calibration foils may be used in any order.
-Zero-point calibration according to section 4-2-1
-The first point calibration according to section 4-2-2
-Repeat the step 2.

-Take readings by placing the probe on the coating to be measured and
raise it after the beep. The reading is shown on display.
NOTE:
-Apply the probe to test sample several times.
-The thickness of the foil should be roughly equivalent to the estimated
coating thickness.
-Even while a series of measurements is being taken, foil calibration can
be carried as often as necessary. The old calibration will be overwritten;
the ZERO calibration remains in memory until make the zero point
calibration.
-See one-point calibration for more information.
4-2-4.Shot-blased Surfaces
The physical nature of shot-biased surfaces results in coating thickness
reading that are too high. The mean thickness over the peaks can be
determined as follows (not that the statistics program is of great benefit
in this procedure):
Method A:
-The gauge should be calibrated according to 4-2-2 or 4-2-3. Use a
smooth calibration sample with the same curvature radius and the same
substrate as the later measuring sample.
-Now take approx. 10 readings on the uncoated, shot-biased sample to
produce the mean value Xo.
-After this take approx. 10 further readings on coated, shot blasted test
sample to produce the mean value Xm
-The difference between the two mean values is the mean coating
thickness Xeff over the peaks. The greater standard deviation s of the
two values Xm and XO should also be taken into consideration:
Xeff=(Xm-Xo)±S
Method B:
-Carry out a zero calibration of 10 readings on a shot-biased, uncoated
sample. Then carry out a foil calibration on the uncoated substrate.
The foil set should consist of a number of individual foils of max.
50 microns thickness each and should roughly correspond to the
estimated coating thickness.
-The coating thickness can be read directly from the display and should
be averaged from 5 .... 10 single measurements. The statistics function
is useful here.
Method c:
This method also gives reliable results. Simply follow the two-point
calibration method using two foils as described in section 4.2.3. For a
maximum approach to the respective nature of surface, the foil value can

be reached by using several foils - 50um each. The mean coating
thickness should be calculated from 5 ... 10 readings. The statistics
program is very useful here.
NOTE: For coatings thicker than 300 um, the influence of roughness
generally is of no importance and it will not be necessary to apply above
calibration methods.
4-3.General Remarks on Measurement
-After careful calibration has been made, all subsequent measurements
will lie within the guaranteed measuring tolerance.
-Strong magnetic fields near generators or live rails with strong currents
can affect the reading.
-When using the statistics program for obtaining a mean value it is
advisable to place the probe several times at a typical measuring spot.
Any false readings or outliers can be removed immediately via MENU
system.
-The final reading derives from the statistical calculation and from the
guaranteed tolerance levels of the gauge.
-Coating Thickness D =X±s± µ.
Example:
Readings: 150 µm, 156 µm, 153 µm
Mean value: X=153 µm
Standard deviation: s=±3 µm
Measuring uncertainty: µ=±(1% of reading + 1 µm)
D =153±3±(1,53 µm +1 µm)
=153±5,5 µm
5. Limit Function
-Limits can be entered in DIRECT and a selected GROUP memory at
any time, i.e. before, during and after a series of measurements.
There is practical use for limits.
-Any reading which falls outside the set tolerance limits will be registered
by a warning indication:
H: reading above HI limit.
L: reading below W limit.
Please set the limit values using MENU system.

6. Measurement Using Statistics
The gauge calculates statistics from a maximum of 80 readings
(GR01~GR04: in total, a maximum of 400 readings can be stored),
In addition, readings can't be stored in DIR mode, but it can calculate
statistics as GR01~GRQ4. When power off or changing Work Mode (see
MENU system for details), the DIR statistics will be lost. The following
statistical values are calculated:
NO.: Number of readings in Work Mode.
AVG: Average value.
Sdev. : Standard deviation.
MAX: Maximum reading.
MIN: Minimum reading.
6-1.Statistical Terms
Average value( Ẋ)
The sum of readings divided by the number of readings.
Ẋ=∑x/n
Standard Deviation (Sdev.)
The sample standard deviation is a statistic that measures how "spread
out" the sample is around the sample mean. The sample standard
deviation increases with increasing spread out. The standard deviation of
a set of numbers is the root mean square of the variance S2
The variance of a list is the square of the standard deviation of the list,
that is, the average of the squares of the deviations of the numbers in the
list from their mean divided by the(number of readings -1 )
Variance S2=∑(x-ẋ)2/(n-1)
Standard deviation S=ѴS2
NOTE:
Deletion must take place immediately after an outlier or erratic reading
has been taken. See the Delete function in MENU system.
6.2.Storage Capacity Overflow
-In GROUP mode, if the storage capacity is exceeded, statistics will not
be updated, although measurement can continue. If the memory is full,
subsequent readings will omitted from the statistics. They will be marked
with "FULL" in LCD (in single measuring mode).
-In DIRECT mode, if the memory is full. The newest reading will replace
the oldest reading. And the statistics will be updated.

7.Delete Functions
In MENU system, you can find following function:
- Delete current data: If you find the last measuring reading is wrong, you
can delete it via this function. At the same time, the statistics will be
updated.
-Delete all data: You can delete all data and statistics of the Current
Work Mode.
-Delete Group data: this function includes -Delete all data" function.
In addition, this function will delete HIGH alarm, Low alarm, and
One&Two point calibrations.
8.Gauge Control Via PC
All measuring readings of all work modes can be downloaded to PC via
USB port for data analysis. See software guide for more details.
9.Trouble Shooting
The following list of error messages explains how to identify and
eliminate faults.
Err1, Err2, Err3: Connecting of probe fault; Deviant signal
Err1: Eddy current probe.
Err2: Magnetic induction probe.
Err3: Both probes.
Err4, 5, 6: reserved.
Err7: Thickness fault.