Pratissoli KT16A Operating instructions

KT16A/18A/20A/22A
Repair Manual
General Pump is a
member of the
Interpump Group
8
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T16A, T18A, T20A, T22A

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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I DEX
1. I TRODUCTIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 3
2. REPAIR I STRUCTIO S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 3
2.1 Repairing Mechanical Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 3
2.1.1 Disassembly of Mechanical Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 4
2.1.2 Reassembly of Mechanical Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 6
2.1.3 Increase and Reduction Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 8
2.1.4 Disassembly / Reassembly of Bearings and Shims . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 8
2.2 Repairing Hydraulic Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 11
2.2.1 Dismantling the Head-Valve Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 11
2.2.2 Reassembling the Head-Valve Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 13
2.2.3 Dismantling the Head-Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 15
2.2.4 Dismantling the Piston Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 16
2.2.4 Assembling the Head - Seals - Piston Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 17
3. SCREW CALIBRATIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 18
4. REPLACI G THE CO -ROD FOOT BUSHI GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 19
5. REPAIR TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 20
6. MAI TE A CE LOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 21
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1. I TRODUCTIO
This manual describes the instructions for repairing T Series pumps, and must be carefully read and
understood before performing any repair intervention on the pump. Proper pump operation and longevity
depend on the correct use and maintenance. General Pump declines any responsibility for
damage caused by the misuse or the non-observance of the instructions described in this manual.
2. REPAIR I STRUCTIO S
2.1 Repairing Mechanical Parts
Mechanical parts repair must be performed after removal of oil from the casing. To drain
the oil, remove the oil dipstick, (1, fig. 1) and then the draining plug (2, fig. 1).
The oil must be placed in a suitable container and disposed of in special centers.
It absolutely must not be discarded into the environment.
GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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2.1.1 Disassembly of Mechanical Parts
The operations described must be performed after removing the hydraulic part, ceramic pistons and
splash guards from the pump (paragraphs 2.2.3, 2.2.4).
Remove in the following order:
• The pump shaft tab
• The rear cover
• The connecting rod cap as follows:
unscrew the cap fixing screws, remove the con-rod caps with their lower half-bearings (fig. 2)
paying atention to the numbered sequence during disassembly.
To avoid possible errors, caps and con-ro shanks have been numbered on one side (1, fig. 2/a).
- Push the piston guides forward with their con-rods to facilitate side extraction of the pump as
indicated in fig. 4.
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- The side covers using - for extraction 3 fully threaed M6 x 50 screws, inserting them in the
threaded holes as indicated in fig. 3

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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• Remove the pump shaft
• Complete the disassembly of the con-rod units by removing them from the pump casing and
removing the piston guide pins
• Remove the pump shaft seal rings using common tools
• Remove the piston guide seal rings as described below:
Use the extractor, p/n F26019400 (1, fig. 5) and the gripper, p/n F27503800 (2, fig. 5). Insert the gripper as
far as possible onto the seal ring with the aid of a hammer (fig. 5/a), subsequently screwing the extractor to
the gripper, and use the extractor hammer (fig. 5/b) until the ring to be replaced is removed (fig. 5/c).
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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2.1.2 Reassembly of mechanical parts
• Insert the piston/con-rod guide units into the pump casing, directing the numbering on the con-rod
shank towards the top of the casing.
To facilitate pump chaft insertion (without the tab), it is essential to repeat the operation performed during
disassembly, pushing the piston/con-rod guide units as far down as possible (paragraph 2.1.1).
• Before assembling the side cover on the PTO side, check the conditions of the radial ring lip seal
and relative contact area on the shaft.
Make sure that the reference marks on the upper half-bearing (1, fig. 6) and lower half-
bearings (2, fig. 6/a) are positioned in their respective seats in the con-rod and cap.
After having checked that the casing is clean, proceed with assembly of the mechanical part as described
below: • Assemble the upper and lower half-bearings in their seats in the con-rods and caps.
If replacement is necessary, position the new ring using tool p/n F27904500 as incicated in fig. 7
If the pump shaft shows diametrical wear in the area of contact with the lip seal, in order to
prevent the grinding operation, it is possible to reposition the ring in abutment with the cover
as shown in fig. 7.
Before assembling the side covers, make sure there are O-rings on both of them and shim rings on
the indicator side cover only. To facilitate filling of the first section and relative insertion of the covers on
the casing, we recommend using three partially threaded M6x40 screws (1, fig. 8), then completing the
operation with the screws supplied (M6x16).
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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Fasten the caps to their respective con-rod shanks by means of M8x1x42 screws (fig. 10) lubricating both the
underhead and the threaded shank, proceeding in two stages:
• Couple the con-rod caps to their shanks, referring to the numbering (1, fig. 9).
ote the correct assembly direction of the caps.
1. Manually turn the screws until they begin to tighten
2. Tightening torque: 22 Ft. Lbs. (30 m)
Alternatively, ensure:
1. Pre-tightening torque: 7-11 Ft. Lbs. (10-15 m)
2. Tightening torque: 22 Ft. Lbs. (30 m)
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• After having completed tightening operations, check that the con-rod head has a side clearance in
both directions.
• Assemble the new piston guide seal ring with the relative seats on the pump casing (fig. 11)
following the procedure described:
Using tool p/n F27904200 composed of a tapered bushing and a buffer, screw the tapered bushing into the
hole in the piston guide (fig. 11a), insert the new seal ring on the buffer as far as it will go (determined by
the height of the buffer) into its seat on the pump casing (fig. 11b), remove the tapered bushing (fig. 11/c).

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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• Mount the rear cover complete with the O-ring, positioning the dipstick hole upward.
• Insert Oil in the casing as indicated in the use and maintenance manual.
2.1.3 Reduction Classes
TABLE OF REDUCTIO S FOR CRA KSHAFTS A D CO -ROD HALF-BEARI GS
Recovery Classes
(mm)
Part umber
Half-bearing
Upper
Part umber
Half-bearing
Lower
Correction on the Shaft Pin
Diameter
(mm)
0.25 F90922100 F90922400 Ø39.75 0/-0.02 Ra 0.4 Rt 3.5
0.50 F90922200 F90922500 Ø39.50 0/-0.02 Ra 0.4 Rt 3.5
2.1.4 Disassembly/Reassembly of Bearing and Shims
The type of bearings (taper roller) ensures the absence of axial clearance on the crankshaft. The shims are
defined to meet this necessity. For disassembly-reassembly and for any replacements, carefully observe the
following directions:

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
A) Disassembly/Reassembly of the crankshaft without bearings replacement
After having removed the side covers as indicated in point 2.1.1, check the conditions of the rollers and their
relative tracks. If all parts are in good condition, clean the components carefully with a degreaser and
redistribute lubricant oil uniformly. The previous shims can be reused, taking care to insert them only under
the indicator side cover.
Once the complete unit is mounted (indicator side flange and shaft and motor side flange), check that the
rotation torque of the shaft - with the con-rod disconnected - is a minimum 3 Ft.Lbs. (4 Nm), max. 4.5 Ft.Lbs
(6 Nm).
To bring the two side covers closer to the casing, it is possible to use 3 M6x40 screws for the first positioning
phase as indicated in fig. 8 and the screws provide for final fastening.
Shaft rotation torque (with the con-rod connected) should not exceed 6 Ft.Lb. (8 Nm).
A) Disassembly/Reassembly of the crankshaft with bearings replacement
After removing the side covers, as described above, remove the outer ring nut on the bearings from its seat
on the covers, using an appropriate extractor as shown in fig. 12 and 12a.
Remove the inner ring on the bearings from the two ends of the shaft, again using an appropriate extractor
or, alternatively, a simple “pin punch” as shown in fig. 13.
The new bearings can be mounted cold with a press or rocker, supporting it on the lateral surface of the
ring nuts involved in press fitting with the rings. The press fitting operation can be facilitated by heating the
involved parts to a temperature between 250o-300oF(120o-300o C), ensuring that the ring nuts go down to
end stroke in their housings.
ever exchange the parts of the two bearings. Page 9
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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Determining the shim pack:
Perform the operation while the piston/con-rod guide units are assembled, the con-rod caps are disconnected
and the con-rods are pushed downwards. Insert the crankshaft in the casing, checking that the PTO shank
comes out from the provided side. Secure the PTO side flange to the casing, taking care with the lip seal as
described previously and tighten the fixing screws to the recommended torque. Then feed the flange on the
indicator side without shims in the case and start to move it closer, manually screwing the M6x40 service
screws in equally, with small rotations such as to move the cover in slowly and correctly.
At the same time, check that the shaft rotates freely by turning it manually.
Continuing the procedure in this way, a sudden increase in difficulty during shaft rotation will soon be
experienced.
At this point, halt the forward movement of the cover and loosen the fixing screws completely.
With the aid of a thickness gauge, measure the clearance between the side cover and pump casing (fig. 4).
Detected
Measurement Shim Type # Pieces
From: 0.05 to: 0.10 / /
From: 0.11 to: 0.20 0.1 1
From: 0.21 to: 0.30 0.1 .2
From: 0.31 to: 0.35 0.25 1
From: 0.36 to: 0.45 0.35 1
From: 0.46 to: 0.55 0.35
0.10 1 1
From: 0.56 to: 0 .60 0.25 2
From: 0.61 to: 0.70 0.35
0.25 1 1
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Once the type and number of shims have been determined using the table, check the following: assemble the
shim pack on the indicator side cover centring (fig. 15), secure the cover to the casing, following the proce-
dure in paragraph 2.1.2 and tighten the screws to their recommended torque. Check that the shaft rotation
stall torque is between 3-4.5 Ft. Lbs.(4-6 Nm). If this torque is correct, connect the con-rods to the crankshaft
and to the next stages. If it is not, redefine the shim pack, repeat the operations.
Proceed to detemine the shim pack, using the table below:

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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2.2 REPAIRI G HYDRAULIC PARTS
2.2.1 Dismantling the Head - Valve Units
Operations are limited to inspection or replacement of valves, if necessary and, however, at the intervals
indicated in the “Preventative Maintenance” table in chapter 11 of the use and maintenance manual. The
valve units are assembled vertically inside the head.
Operate as follows to extract them:
Unscrew the 8 M14x40 valve cover fixing screws (fig. 16).
Using the extractor hammer, p/n F26019400, extract:
A) Valve plugs (fig. 17)
B) Outlet valve units (fig. 18)
C) Valve bushings (fig. 19), combined with tool p/n F27513600
D) Suction valve units (fig. 20) Since the valve outlet units, being without threading for extraction,
should they remain glued in place on the head, use a simple tool as indicated in fig. 21.
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
Disassemble the suction and outlet valve units, screwing a sufficiently long M8 screw in such a way as to be
able to reach the valve plate and extract the valve guide from the seat, 1, fig. 22. If the M8 threaded holes
should not be present on the valve guide, dismantling can be easily carried out by leveraging with simple
tools (fig. 23).
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If the suction valve seats remain stuck on the head (for example scaling due to prolonged
pump activity), operate as follows:
For T16A/18A use tools p/n F26019400, F27513700 and F27513400 (fig. 23, 24)
For T20A/22A use tools p/n F26019400, F27513500 and F27513400 (fig. 24, 24A)
ote: before extracting from the seats, always unscrew the handle #F27513400

2.2.2 Reassembling the Head - Valve Units
GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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Pay particular attention to the conditions of the various components and replace if necessary, and at
the intervals indicated in the “Preventative Maintenance” table in chapter 11 of the use and
maintenance manual. At every valve inspecting, replace all O-rings and all anti-extrusion rings both
in the valve groups and on the valve plugs.
Before repositioning the valve unit, thoroughly clean and dry the relative seats in the head as
indicated in fig. 25.
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To reassemble the various components, follow the reverse operations listed above as described in point
2.2.1, taking particular care to:
1. Do not invert the suction springs with the previously disassembled outlet springs (fig. 26,
27). On pumps KT20A and T22A, take special care not to invert the suction springs with the
previously disassembled outlet springs:
a) “White” suction spring
b) “Black” outlet spring

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
Insert the suction and outlet valve units, checking that they are down to end stroke in the head. Take
special care not to damage the anti-extrusion rings on the bushings (3, fig. 28). For correct postioning
and adjustment of rings in their respective seats:
• Insert the bushings completely in the head, lubricating the external OR-anti-extrusion rings
diameter with OCILIS type silicone grease p/n &12001600.
• Remove the bushings, verifying the integrity of all the anti-extusion and o-rings.
• Proceed with final assembly.
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• Then apply the valve covers and calibrate the respective M14x40 screws. For the values of the
torques and tightening sequences follow the instructions in chapter 3.
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
2.2.3 Dismantling the Head - Seals
Replacement of the seals is necessary from the moment you begin to detect water leaks from the drainage
holes provided on the back of the pump casing, and a the intervals in the “Preventative Maintenance” table
in chapter 11 of the Use and Maintenance manual.
A) Unscrew the M10x140 head fixing screws as indicated in fig. 29.
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B) Separate the head from the pump casing.
C) Extract the high pressure seals from the hea and the low pressure ones from the support, using simple
tools as indicated in 1, fig. 30, being careful to to damage the respective housings.
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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Pay attention to the order of seal pack disasembly as indicted in fig. 31 for KT20A and KT22A,
and in fig. 31/a for KT16A and KT18A, composed of:
1. Head ring
2. HP seals
3. Restop ring
4. Seals support
5. LP seals
6. Seal ring
7. O-ring
Check and verify their conditions, replace if necessary
At every disassembly all o-rings on the piston unit must be replaced.
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2.2.4 Dismantling the Piston Unit
The piston unit does not require any routine maintenance. Maintenance is limited to visual checks only. To
extract piston units: loosen the M7x1 piston fixing screws as indicated in fig. 32.

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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2.2.5 Reassembling the Head - Seals - Piston Unit
To reassemble the various components, follow the reverse operations listed above as described in pint 2.2.3,
taking particular care:
A) Seals pack Respect the same order used during disassembly operations.
B) Lubricate components 2,3 and 5 with OCILIS silicone grease p/n F12001600; this operation is also
deemed necessary to facilitate adjustment of the lip seal on the piston.
C) For correct assembly of HP seals in their housing on the head without causing any damage to lip seals,
use suitable tools according to the pump diameters as indicated in chapter 4.
D) Replace the piston, tightening the screws with a torque wrench, respecting the tightening torque values
ad indicate in chapter 3.
E) Replace the head as follows:
1. Position the seal support in the respective seats on the casing.
2. Using two screws - p/n F27726000, fasten the casing as indicated in fig. 33. Position the complete
head, making sure hat it is centered only on the central piston.
3. Complete the operations, following the tightening procedure. For the values of the torques and
tightening sequences follow the instructions in chapter 3.
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
3. SCREW CALIBRATIO
Screws are to be fastened exclusively using a torque wrench.
Description Exploded View Position
(From Owner’s Manual) Fastening Ft. Lbs. Fastening m
Cover Fixing Screw 9 7.4 10
Oil Discharge Plug 11 30 40
Piston Fixing Screw 27 14.8 20
Con-rod Fixing Screw 18 22.1* 30*
Valve Cover Fixing Screw 45 132.8*** 180***
Head Fixing Screw 47 59** 80**
2nd PTO Flange Fixing Screw 96 107**** 145****
* The con-rod cap fixing screws must be tightened at the same time respecting the
phases indicated on page 7.
** The head fixing screws (exploded position 47) must be tightened with a torque wrench respecting
the sequence shown in the diagram in fig. 34.
*** The valve cover fixing screws (exploded position 45 must be tightened with a torqe wrench
respecting the order shown in the iagram in fig. 34.
****To fix the 2nd PTO flange, use Loctite 243 blue, p/n F12006400.
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GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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4. REPLACI G THE CO -ROD FOOT BUSHI G
During maintenance, if it becomes necessary to replace the con-rod foot bushing, proceed as follows:
When removing the worn bushing, take great care not to damage or scratch the seat on
the con-rod.
Perform cold press fitting of the new bushing. During the operation, ensure that:
• the lubrication hole coincides with the corresponding hole on the con rod;
• the cutting junction is directed as shown in fig. 35.
Then perform mechanical processing. The dimensions and tolerances shown in fig. 35 MUST
be respected.

GENERAL PUMP A member of the Interpump Group KT16A/18A/20A/22A SERIES
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4. REPAIR TOOLS
Pump repairs can be facilitated by special tools. Part numbers are as follows:
For Assembling Part: Tool Part umber
Seal bushing Ø 30; HP alternative seal ring Ø 16x30x7/4 F27704000
F26134600
Seal bushing Ø 32; HP alternative seal ring Ø 18x32x7/4.5 F27472700
F27385200
Seal bushing Ø 35; HP alternative seal ring Ø 20x35x7.5/4.5 F27472800
F26134600
Seal bushing Ø 35; HP alternative seal ring Ø 22x25x7/4.5 F27472800
F26134600
Pump shaft oil seal F27904500
Piston guide oil seal F27904200
Head F27726000
For Disassembling Part: Tool Part umber
Valve bushing T16A and T18A F26019400
Valve bushing T20A and T22A F26019400
F27513600
Pump suction valve T16A and T18A F26019400 F27513700
F27513400
Pump suction valve T20A and T22A F26019400
F27513500
F27513400
Outlet valves F26019400
Valve plugs F26019400
Piston guide oil seal F26019400
F27503800