Radyne ComStream QAM256 User manual

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QAM256
Digital Video Modulator
and Upconverter
Installation and Operation Manual
TM077 -Rev. 3.1
-NOTICE -
2003, Radyne ComStream, Inc. All rights
reserved. This manual may not in whole or in
part be copied, reproduced, translated or
reduced to any electronic or magnetic storage
medium without the written consent of a duly
authorized officer of Radyne ComStream, Inc.
Radyne ComStream, Inc. •3138 E. Elwood St. •Phoenix, AZ 85034 •[phone] •Fax: [phone]

TM077 –Rev. 3.1
ii

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Warranty Policy
TM077 –Rev. 3.1 iii
Warranty Policy
Radyne ComStream, Inc. (Seller) warrants the items manufactured and sold by Radyne ComStream, Inc. to
be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from date of shipment Radyne
ComStream, Inc.’s obligation under its warranty is limited in accordance with the periods of time and all
other conditions stated in all provisions of this warranty.
This warranty applies only to defects in material and workmanship in products manufactured by Radyne
ComStream, Inc. Radyne ComStream, Inc. makes no warranty whatsoever concerning products or
accessories not of its manufacture. Repair, or at Radyne ComStream, Inc.’s option, replacement of the
Radyne ComStream, Inc. products or defective parts therein shall be the sole and exclusive remedy for all
valid warranty claims.
Warranty Period
The applicable warranty period shall commence on the date of shipment from Radyne ComStream, Inc.’s
facility to the original purchaser and extend for the stated period following the date of shipment. Upon
beginning of the applicable Radyne ComStream, Inc. warranty period, all customer’s remedies shall be
governed by the terms stated or referenced in this warranty. In-warranty repaired or replacement products
or parts are warranted only for the remaining unexpired portion of the original warranty period applicable to
the repaired or replaced products or parts. Repair or replacement of products or parts under warranty does
not extend the original warranty period.
Warranty Coverage Limitations
The following are expressly not coveredunder warranty:
1. Any loss, damage and/or malfunction relating in any way to shipping, storage, accident, abuse,
alteration, misuse, neglect, failure to use products under normaloperating conditions, failure to use
products according to any operating instructions provided by Radyne ComStream, Inc., lack of
routine care and maintenance as indicated in any operating maintenance instructions, or failure to
use or take any proper precautions under the circumstances.
2. Products, items, parts, accessories, subassemblies, or components which are expendable in
normal use or are of limited life, such as but not limited to, bulbs, fuses, lamps, glassware, etc.
Radyne ComStream, Inc. reserves the right to revise the foregoing list of what is covered under this
warranty.
Warranty Replacement and Adjustment
Radyne ComStream, Inc. will not make warranty adjustments for failures of products or parts, which occur
after the specified maximum adjustment period. Unless otherwise agreed, failure shall be deemed to have
occurred no more than seven (7) working days before the first date on which a notice of failure is received
by Radyne ComStream, Inc. Under no circumstances shall any warranty exceed the period stated above
unless expressly agreed to in writing by Radyne ComStream, Inc.
Liability Limitations
This warranty is expressly in lieu of and excludes all other express and implied warranties,
Including but not limited to warranties of merchantability and of fitness for particular purpose, use,
or applications, and all other obligations or liabilities on the part of Radyne ComStream, Inc.,
unless such other warranties, obligations, or liabilities are expressly agreed to in writing by
Radyne ComStream, Inc.
All obligations of Radyne ComStream, Inc. under this warranty shall cease in the event its
products or parts thereof have been subjected to accident, abuse, alteration, misuse or neglect,
or which have not been operated and maintained in accordance with proper operating
instructions.
In no event shall Radyne ComStream, Inc. be liable for Incidental, consequential, special or
resulting loss or damage of any kind howsoever caused. Radyne ComStream, Inc.’s liability for

Warranty Policy QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
iv
damages shall not exceed the payment, if any, received by Radyne ComStream, Inc. for the unit
or product or service furnished or to be furnished, as the case may be, which is the subject of
claim or dispute.
Statements made by any person, including representatives of Radyne ComStream, Inc., which
are inconsistent or in conflict with the terms of this warranty, shall not be binding upon Radyne
ComStream, Inc. unless reduced to writing and approved by an officer of Radyne ComStream,
Inc.
Warranty Repair Return Procedure
Before a warranty repair can be accomplished, a Repair Authorization must be received. It is at this time
that Radyne ComStream, Inc. will authorize the product or part to be returned to the Radyne ComStream,
Inc. facility or if field repair will be accomplished. The Repair Authorization may be requested in writing or by
calling:
Radyne ComStream, Inc.
3138 E. Elwood St.
Phoenix, Arizona 85034 (USA)
ATTN: Customer Support
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Any product returned to Radyne ComStream, Inc. for examination must be sent prepaid via the means of
transportation indicated as acceptable to Radyne ComStream, Inc. Return Authorization Number must be
clearly marked on the shipping label. Returned products or parts should be carefully packaged in the
original container, if possible, and unless otherwise indicated, shipped to the above address.
Non-Warranty Repair
When a product is returned for any reason, Customer and its shipping agency shall be responsible for all
damage resulting from improper packing and handling, and for loss in transit, not withstanding any defect or
nonconformity in the product. By returning a product, the owner grants Radyne ComStream, Inc. permission
to open and disassemble the product as required for evaluation. In all cases, Radyne ComStream, Inc. has
sole responsibility for determining the cause and nature of failure, and Radyne ComStream, Inc.’s
determination with regard thereto shall be final.

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Preface
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
v
Preface
This manual provides installation and operation information for the Radyne ComStream, Inc.
DMD20 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter. This is a technical document intended for use
by engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the
DMD20.
Conventions
Whenever the information within this manual instructs the operator to press a pushbutton switch
or keypad key on the MMS11 Front Panel, the pushbutton or key label will be shown enclosed in
"less than" (<) and "greater than" (>) brackets. For example, the Reset Alarms Pushbutton will be
shown as <RESET ALARMS>, while a command that calls for the entry of a ‘7’ followed by
‘ENTER’ Key will be represented as <7,ENTER>.
Cautions and Warnings
A caution icon indicates a hazardous situation that if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate
injury. Caution may also be used to indicate other unsafe practices or risks of property damage.
A warning icon indicates a potentially hazardous situation that if not avoided, could result in death
or serious injury.
Trademarks
Product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies and are hereby acknowledged.
Copyright
2002, Radyne ComStream, Inc. This manual is proprietary to Radyne ComStream, Inc. and is
intended for the exclusive use of Radyne ComStream, Inc.’s customers. No part of this document
may in whole or in part, be copied, reproduced, distributed, translated or reduced to any
electronic or magnetic storage medium without the express written consent of a duly authorized
officer of Radyne ComStream, Inc.

Preface QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
vi
Disclaimer
This manual has been thoroughly reviewed for accuracy. All statements, technical information,
and recommendations contained herein and in any guides or related documents are believed
reliable, but the accuracy and completeness thereof are not guaranteed or warranted, and they
are not intended to be, nor should they be understood to be, representations or warranties
concerning the products described. Radyne ComStream, Inc. assumes no responsibility for use
of any circuitry other than the circuitry employed in Radyne ComStream, Inc. systems and
equipment. Furthermore, since Radyne ComStream, Inc. is constantly improving its products,
reserves the right to make changes in the specifications of products, or in this manual at any time
without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes.
Record of Revisions
Revision
Level Date Reason for Change
11-1-99 New Release
1.1 3-30-99 Clarified DVB ASI information, revised datarates in Specifications section
2.0 4-5-01 Merged TM077 QAM256 Digital Video Modulator with TM084 QAM256
Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Manuals
3.0 12-3-02 Revised and reformatted Technical Manual. Revised Figure 5-1.
3.1 10-9-03 Revised Appendix A, Table A-1, Minimum Data Rate.
Comments or Suggestions Concerning this Manual
Comments or suggestions regarding the content and design of this manual are appreciated. To
submit comments, please contact the Radyne ComStream, Inc. Customer Service Department.

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and UpconverterTable of Contents
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
vii
Table of Contents
Section 1 -Introduction
1.0 Introduction _______________________________________________________1-1
Section 2 -Installation
2.0 Installation Requirements _____________________________________________ 1
2.1 Unpacking _________________________________________________________ 1
2.2 Removal and Assembly_______________________________________________ 2
2.3 Mounting Considerations______________________________________________ 2
Section 3 -Operation
3.0 Theory of Operation__________________________________________________ 1
3.1 QAM256 Operation __________________________________________________ 1
Section 4 –User Interfaces
4.0 User Interfaces______________________________________________________ 1
4.1 Front Panel User Interface ____________________________________________ 1
4.1.1 LCD Front Panel Display ____________________________________________ 2
4.1.2 Cursor Control Arrow Keys___________________________________________ 2
4.1.3 Numeric Keypad___________________________________________________ 2
4.1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators __________________________________________ 3
4.2 Parameter Setup ____________________________________________________ 3
4.3 Front Panel Control Screen Menus______________________________________ 4
4.3.1 Main Menus ______________________________________________________ 4
4.3.2 Modulator Menu Options and Parameters_______________________________ 4
4.3.3 Interface Menu Options and Parameters________________________________ 4
4.3.4 Monitor Menu Options and Parameters_________________________________ 5
4.3.5 Alarms Menu Options and Parameters _________________________________ 5
4.3.6 System Menu Options and Parameters_________________________________ 6
4.3.7 Test Menu Options and Parameters ___________________________________ 6

Table of Contents QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
viii
Section 5 –Electrical Interfaces
5.0 QAM256 Rear Panel Interfaces/Connections______________________________ 1
5.1 AC Power__________________________________________________________ 1
5.2 FAULT Connection __________________________________________________ 1
5.3 TX MON Port _______________________________________________________ 2
5.4 TX IF Port__________________________________________________________ 2
5.5 G.703 Interface Connections___________________________________________ 2
5.5.1 REMOTE Connector________________________________________________ 2
5.5.3 G.703 IN Connector ________________________________________________ 2
5.5.2 G.703 OUT Connector ______________________________________________ 3
5.6 ASI Interface Connections_____________________________________________ 3
5.6.1 REMOTE Connector________________________________________________ 3
5.6.2 TX ASI Connector__________________________________________________ 3
5.6.3 RX ASI Connector _________________________________________________ 3
5.7 Parallel Interface Connections__________________________________________ 3
5.7.1 TX PARALLEL Connector ___________________________________________ 3
5.7.2 RX PARALLEL Connector ___________________________________________ 4
5.7.3 REMOTE Connector________________________________________________ 4
5.8 ASI/Parallel Interface Connections ______________________________________ 4
5.8.1 TX PARALLEL Connector ___________________________________________ 4
5.8.2 RX PARALLEL Connector ___________________________________________ 4
5.8.3 REMOTE Connector________________________________________________ 4
5.8.4 TX ASI Connector__________________________________________________ 4
5.8.5 RX ASI Connector _________________________________________________ 4
5.9 ASI and Advanced ASI Interfaces_______________________________________ 5
5.10 Framing/Interface Compatibility________________________________________ 5
5.11 Optional DVB Interface ______________________________________________ 5
Section 6 –Maintenance
6.0 Periodic Maintenance ________________________________________________ 1

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and UpconverterTable of Contents
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
ix
Section 7 –Technical Specifications
7.1.1 IF Interface _______________________________________________________ 1
7.1.2 Baseband Interface_________________________________________________ 1
7.1.3 Remote Interface __________________________________________________ 1
7.1.4 Physical__________________________________________________________ 1
7.2.1 RF Interface ______________________________________________________ 2
7.2.2 Baseband Interface_________________________________________________ 2
7.2.3 Remote Interface __________________________________________________ 2
7.2.4 Physical__________________________________________________________ 2
Appendix A
A.0 QAM256 Data Rates _________________________________________________ 1

Table of Contents QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
TM077 –Rev. 3.1
x

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Introduction
TM077 –Rev. 3.1 1-1
Section 1 -Introduction
1.0 Introduction
The Radyne ComStream, Inc. new DVB-compliant QAM 256 Digital Video Modulator and
Upconverter meet all DVB requirements for transmission of digital video over broadband coaxial
cable and microwave radio. The QAM256 features 4 QAM to 256 QAM modulation, 1 -52 Mbps
data rate, 1 -8 MHz channel spacing, and Reed-Solomon Forward Error Correction. The
upconverter features an output frequency range of 50 –862 MHz. This combines the QAM
Modulator and Frequency converter into a 1 Rack Unit (RU) chassis (1.75” high) which eliminates
the need for an additional converter unit. The modulator also supports field-changeable RS-422,
Parallel, DVB Parallel, M2P Parallel, ASI, T3, E3 and other standard interfaces. Remote Monitor
and Control interface is provided through either an RS-485 or Ethernet Remote Port using SNMP
protocol.
The QAM256 provides efficient bandwidth utilization for digital video distribution systems.
MMDS, LMDS and Cable Television systems all benefit from this innovative modulator. QAM
modulation solves the problem of providing multiple video and data channels within bandwidth
limitations. The Radyne QAM256 Upconverter has the versatility to adapt to any terrestrial
broadband medium and give system operators full management and control of the available
bandwidth.
The modulator meets the specifications of the ITU-T Recommendation; J.83 Annex A&B
(Telecommunication Standardization of the ITU for Television and Sound Transmission). The
microprocessor-based Monitor and Control (M&C) operates from the front panel or the remote
port.
The Interface Module is a field-changeable module that contains either RS-422, M2P, DVB,
Parallel, ASI, T3, E3 or other standard interface. The interface can accept data in an MPEG-2
transport format, or as random data.
Figure 1-1. QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Cable Upconverter Front Panel

Introduction QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
1-2TM077 -Rev. 3.1

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Installation
TM077 –Rev. 3.1 2-1
Section 2 -Installation
This section provides unpacking and installation instructions, and a description of external
connections and backward alarm information.
2.0 Installation Requirements
The QAM256 Modem is designed to be installed within any standard 19-inch wide equipment
cabinet or rack, and requires one rack unit (RU) of mounting space (1.75 inches) vertically and
17¾inches of depth. Including cabling, a minimum of 20 inches of rack depth is required. The
rear panel of the modem is designed to have power enter from the left and IF Cabling enter from
the right when viewed from the rear of the unit. Data and Control Cabling can enter from either
side although they are closer to the center. The unit can be placed on a table or suitable surface
if required.
There are no user-serviceable parts or configuration settings
located inside the QAM256 Chassis. There is a potential shock
hazard internally at the Power Supply Module. DO NOT open the
QAM256 Chassis under any circumstances. Always disconnect the
main plug before servicing of any kind.
Before initially applying power to the unit, it is a good idea to disconnect
the transmit output from the operating ground station equipment. This is
especially true if the current QAM256 configuration settings are
unknown, where incorrect settings could disrupt existing
communications traffic.
2.1 Unpacking
The QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter was carefully packaged to avoid damage
and should arrive complete with the following items for proper installation:
QAM256 Unit
Power Cord, with applicable AC Connector
Installation and Operation Manual

Installation QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
2-2TM077 -Rev. 3.1
2.2 Removal and Assembly
Carefully unpack the unit and ensure that all of the above items are in the carton. If the Prime AC
power available at the installation site requires a different Power Cord/AC Connector, then
arrangements to receive the proper device will be necessary before proceeding with the
installation.
The QAM256 unit is shipped fully assembled and does not require removal of the covers for any
purpose in installation. Should the power cable AC connector be of the wrong type for the
installation, either the cable or the power connector end should be replaced. The power supply
itself is designed for universal application using from 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz, 1 A.
Always ensure that power is removed from the QAM256 before removing
or installing a UIM. Failure to do so may cause damage to the equipment.
2.3 Mounting Considerations
When mounted in an equipment rack, adequate ventilation must be provided. The ambient
temperature in the rack should preferably be between 10°and 35°C, and held constant for best
equipment operation. The air available to the rack should be clean and relatively dry. The
modems may be stacked one on top of the other to a maximum of 10 consecutive units before
providing one (1) RU of space for airflow. Modems should not be placed immediately above a
high-heat or EMF Generator to ensure the output signal integrity and proper receive operation.
Do not mount the QAM256 in an unprotected outdoor location where there is direct contact with
rain, snow, wind or sun. The only tools required for rack mounting the QAM256 are four (4)
customer supplied rack-mounting screws and the appropriate screwdriver. Rack mounting
brackets are an integral part of the cast front bezel of the unit and are not removable.
Shielded cables with the shield terminated to the conductive backshells are required in order to
meet EMC directives. Cables with insulation flammability ratings of 94VO or better are required
in order to meet low voltage directives.

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter Operation
TM077 –Rev. 3.1 3-1
Section 3 -Operation
3.0 Theory of Operation
A digital terrestrial interface supplies the modulator with a data stream. The data stream is
synchronized if the incoming stream is framed. The data is scrambled, and FEC is added. The
data is then convolutionally encoded, punctured, then constellation mapped. The resulting I&Q
symbols are digitally filtered. The data is then converted into an analog waveform and is vector
modulated onto an RF Carrier produced from the Transmit IF Synthesizer Circuitry.
3.1 QAM256 Operation
A block diagram of the signal flow is shown in Figure 3-1 below.
Figure 3-1. Functional Block Diagram

Operation QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
3-2TM077 -Rev. 3.1

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter User Interfaces
TM077 –Rev. 3.1 4-1
Section 4 –User Interfaces
4.0 User Interfaces
Operation of the QAM256 consists of controlling the unit operating parameters and monitoring
status and responses via one of the control interfaces. The two user interfaces available from the
Front Panel are Front Panel Control, and Terminal Mode Control (not currently available). Either
of these methods may be used separately or together to monitor and control the QAM256.
4.1 Front Panel User Interface
The Front Panel of the QAM256 allows for complete control and monitor of all QAM256
parameters and functions via the Keypad, LCD Display and Status LEDs.
The front panel layout is shown in Figure 4-1, showing the location and labeling of the front panel.
The front panel is divided into four functional areas: the LCD Front Panel Display, the Cursor
Control Arrow Keys, the Numeric Keypad, and the Front Panel LED Indicators, each described
below in Table 4-1.
Figure 4-1. QAM256 Front Panel
Table 4-1.
Item Number Description Function
1LCD Front Panel Display Displays QAM256 Operating parameters
and Configuration data
2Cursor Control Arrow Keys Controls the up, down, right and left motion
of the cursor in the LCD Display window
3Numeric Keypad Allows entry of numeric data and Clear and
Enter function keys
4Front Panel LED Indicators See Paragraph 4.1.2 below for an itemized
description of these LEDs

User Interfaces QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter
4-2TM077 -Rev. 3.1
4.1.1 LCD Front Panel Display
The front panel display is a 2 line by 16-character LCD display. The display is lighted and the
brightness can be set to increase when the front panel is currently in use. The LCD display
automatically dims after a period of inactivity. The display has two distinct areas showing current
information. The upper area shows the current parameter being monitored, such as ‘Frequency’
or ‘Data Rate’. The lower line shows the current value of that parameter. The LCD display is a
single entry window into the large matrix of parameters that can be monitored and set from the
Front Panel.
4.1.2 Cursor Control Arrow Keys
A set of ‘Arrow’ or ‘Cursor’ keys (↑), (↓), (→), (←), is used to navigate the parameter currently
being monitored or controlled. Table 4-2 describes the functions available at the Front Panel.
4.1.3 Numeric Keypad
A 10 Key Numeric Keypad with 2 additional keys for the ‘Enter’ and ‘Clear’ function allows the
entry of data into the system. Table 4-2 describes the functions available at the Front Panel.
Table 4-2.
Edit Mode Key Functions (Front Panel Only)
Parameter
Type 0 –9 ↑↓←→‘Clear’ &
←‘Clear’ & →
Fixed Point
Decimal Changes Digit Toggles ± (If Signed) Toggles ± (If Signed) Moves Cursor 1
Position
Left
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Right
N/A N/A
Unsigned
Hexadecimal
Changes Digit Increments
Digit Value Decrements Digit Value Moves Cursor 1
Position
Left
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Right
N/A N/A
Enumerated N/A Previous
Value in
List
Next
Value in
List
N/A N/A N/A N/A
Date/ Time Changes Digit N/A N/A Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Left
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Right
N/A N/A
IP Address Changes Digit Increments
Digit Value Decrements Digit Value Moves Cursor 1
Position
Left
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Right
N/A N/A
Text Strings Changes
Character Increments Character
Value
Decrements
Character
Value
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Left
Moves
Cursor 1
Position
Right
Clears to
Left of
Cursor
Inclusive
Clears to
Right of
Cursor
Inclusive

QAM256 Digital Video Modulator and Upconverter User Interfaces
TM077 -Rev. 3.1 4-3
4.1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators
Eight LEDs on the QAM256 Front Panel (Refer to Table 4-3) indicate the status of the QAM256’s
operation. The LED colors maintain a consistent meaning. Green signifies that the indication is
appropriate for normal operation, Yellow means that there is a condition not proper for normal
operation, and Red indicates a fault condition that will result in lost communications.
Table 4-3.
LED Color Function
Transmit On Green Indicates that the QAM256 Transmitter is turned on.
Major Alarm Red Indicates that the transmit direction has failed, losing traffic.
Minor Alarm Yellow Indicates that a transmit receive warning condition exists.
Test Mode Yellow Indicates that the modulator is involved in a current test
mode activity.
Power Green Indicates that the unit is turned on.
Fault Red Indicates a hardware fault for the unit.
Event Yellow Indicates that a condition or event has occurred that the unit
has stored in memory.
Remote Green Indicates that the unit is set to respond to the remote control
or terminal input.
4.2 Parameter Setup
The four Cursor Control Arrow Keys are used to navigate the menu tree and select the parameter
to be set. After arriving at a parameter that needs to be modified, depress <ENTER>. The first
space of the modifiable parameter highlights (blinks) and is ready for a new parameter to be
entered. After entering the new parameter using the keypad (Refer to Figure 4-2), depress
<ENTER> to lock in the new parameter. If a change needs to be made prior to pressing
<ENTER>, depress <CLEAR> and the display defaults back to the original parameter. Depress
<ENTER> again and re-enter the new parameters followed by <ENTER>.
Following a valid input, the QAM256 will place the new setting into the nonvolatile EEPROM
making it available immediately and available the next time the unit is powered-up.’
Figure 4-2. Entering New Parameters