RAKwireless WisLink-LoRa RAK2247 SPI/USB User manual

18 PAGES
User Manual for
www.RAKwireless.com
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WisLink-LoRa Concentrator Module
Mini-PCIe Edition
RAK2247 SPI/USB
Version V1.1 | January 2019

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RAK2247 User Manual V1.1
Table of Contents
1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Main Features.................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Package Contents............................................................................................................................. 3
2 WisLink LoRa Module RAK2247...........................................................................................................4
2.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Block Diagram.................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Mini-PCIe Interface............................................................................................................................5
2.4 Operating Frequencies..................................................................................................................... 5
2.5 Pin Definition...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.6 Power Supply..................................................................................................................................... 8
2.7 SPI Interface.......................................................................................................................................8
2.8 USB Interface..................................................................................................................................... 8
2.9 GPS_PPS........................................................................................................................................... 8
2.10 RESET.............................................................................................................................................. 8
2.11 Antenna RF Interface......................................................................................................................9
2.12 Electrical Characteristics................................................................................................................ 9
2.12.1 Absolute Maximum Rating...............................................................................................10
2.12.2 Maximum ESD...................................................................................................................11
2.12.3 Operating Conditions........................................................................................................11
2.12.4 Power Consumption......................................................................................................... 12
2.12.5 RF Characteristics............................................................................................................ 12
3 LoRa Antenna......................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Overview........................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Antenna Dimension.........................................................................................................................13
3.3 Antenna Parameter......................................................................................................................... 13
4 Schematics Reference..........................................................................................................................14
5 Source Code............................................................................................................................................16
5.1 RAK2247-USB Version.................................................................................................................. 16
5.2 RAK2247-SPI Version.................................................................................................................... 16
6 Contact Information...............................................................................................................................18
7 Revision History..................................................................................................................................... 19
8 Document Summary..............................................................................................................................19

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List of Tables
Table 1 | Mini-PCIe Pins ......................................................................................................................... 5
Table 2 | Operating Frequencies.................................................................................................................5
Table 3 | Pin Definitions................................................................................................................................7
Table 4 | Absolute Maximum Ratings.......................................................................................................10
Table 5 | Maximum ESD Ratings.............................................................................................................. 11
Table 6 | Operation Temperature Range.................................................................................................11
Table 7 | Power Supply Range..................................................................................................................12
Table 8 | Power Consumption................................................................................................................... 12
Table 9 | LoRa RF Characteristics............................................................................................................12
Table 10 | LoRa Antenna Parameter........................................................................................................14
List of Figures
Figure 1 | Package Contents....................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 2 | Module Overview......................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 3 | RAK2247 Block Diagram............................................................................................................5
Figure 5 | LoRa Antenna Overview...........................................................................................................13
Figure 6 | LoRa Antenna Dimension........................................................................................................ 13
Figure 7 | Schematic Diagram Reference............................................................................................... 15
Figure 8 | RAK2247 Card Minimum Schematic Reference ................................................................. 16
List of Tables and Images
List of Tables and Images

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1Overview
1.1 Introduction
RAK2247 is a LoRa concentrator module with mini-PCIe form factor based on SX1301.
This enables easy integration to existing routers and other network equipment with
LoRa Gateway capabilities, and can be used in any embedded platform offering mini-
PCIe slot with SPI or USB connection.
This module is a complete and cost efficient LoRa gateway solution offering up to 10
programmable parallel demodulation paths. It targets smart metering fixed networks
and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, covering up to 500 nodes per square
kilometer in an environment with moderate interference.
1.2 Main Features
Compatible with Mini PCI-e Edition specification with heat sink.
SX1301 base band processor emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators, 10 parallel
demodulation paths. It supports 8 uplinks channel and 1 downlink channel.
2 x SX125x Tx/Rx front-ends high/low frequency.
Built-in FT2232H to convert SPI interface of SX1301 to USB 2.0.
Voltage of Mini PCI-e is 3.3 V, compatible with 3G/LTE card of Mini PCI-e type.
Tx power up to 25 dBm, Rx sensitivity down to -139 dBm @ SF12, BW 125 kHz.
Supports latest LoRaWAN 1.0.2 protocol.
Supports global license-free frequency band (EU433, CN470, EU868, US915,
AS923, AU915, KR920, IN865 and AS920).
Supports optional SPI or USB interfaces.
1.3 Package Contents
Figure 1 | Package Contents
RAK2247 board
(1x)
LoRa Antenna with RP-SMA female connector
(1x)

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2WisLink LoRa Module RAK2247
2.1 Overview
The module which is the mini-PCIe edition as shown below. The outer dimension of the
RAK2247 is 50.95 x 30.0 x 10.4mm (nominal value). The board with top-side and
bottom-side keep-out areas, and all other dimension is defined by PCI Express Mini
Card Electromechanical Specification except for the card thickness. And the thickness
10.4mm includes the 8mm heat sink.
Figure 2 | Module Overview
2.2 Block Diagram
RAK2247 card integrates one SX1301 chip and two SX1255/7. The other chip is for RF
signal, which represents the core of the device. This provides the related LoRa modem
and processing functionalities. Additional signal conditioning circuitry is implemented
for PCI Express Mini Card compliance, and one UFL connectors are available for
external antennas integration.

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Figure 3 | RAK2247 Block Diagram
2.3 Mini-PCIe Interface
RAK2247 is compliant to 52-pin PCI Express Full-Mini Card Type F2 form factor, with
top-side and bottom-side keep-out areas. The pin configuration is defined below:
Item
Pin(s)
GND
4, 9, 15, 18, 21, 26, 27, 29,
34, 35, 37, 40, 43, 50
3.3V
2, 24, 39, 41, 52
GPS_PPS
19
SPDT_SEL
20
RESET
22
USB_D-
36
USB_D+
38
SPI_SCK
45
SPI_MISO
47
SPI_MOSI
49
SPI_CSN
51
Table 1 | Mini-PCIe Pins Figure 4 | Mini-PCIe Interface
2.4 Operating Frequencies
The board supports the following LoRaWAN frequency channels, allowing easy
configuration while building the firmware from the source code.
Region
Freq. ( MHz )
Europe
EU433, EU868
China
CN470
North
America
US915
Asia
AS923, AS920
Australia
AU915
Korea
KR920
Indian
IN865
Table 2 | Operating Frequencies

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2.5 Pin Definition
Pin
#
Mini PCIEx PIN
Rev. 2.0
RAK2247
PIN
Power
I/O
Description
Remarks
1
WAKE#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
2
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
N/A
RAK2247 power
supply input
Connect to 3.3 V
3
COEX1
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
4
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to Ground
5
COEX2
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
6
1.5V
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
7
CLKREQ#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
8
UIM_PWR
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
9
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
10
UIM_DATA
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
11
REFCLK-
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
12
UIM_CLK
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
13
REFCLK+
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
14
UIM_RESET
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
15
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
16
UIM_SPU
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
17
UIM_IC_DM
NC (5V
Optional
For PA)
N/A
Internally not connected
18
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
19
GPS_PPS
1PPS
N/A
Internal connection GPS_PPS
for SX1301
20
W_DISABLE1#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
21
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
22
PERST#
RESET
I
RAK2247
reset input
Active high (≥100ns) for
SX1301 reset.
23
PERn0
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
24
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
I
RAK2247
supply input
Connect to 3.3 V
25
PERp0
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
26
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
27
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Connect to ground
Continued on next page…

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Pin #
Mini PCIEx PIN
Rev. 2.0
RAK2247 PIN
Power
I/O
Description
Remarks
28
1.5V
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
29
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
30
SMB_CLK
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
31
PETn0
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
32
SMB_DATA
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
33
PETp0
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
34
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
35
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
36
USB_D-
USB_D-
USB
I/O
USB Data
Line D-
90Ω nominal differential impedance.
Pull-up, pull-down and series resistors as
required by USB 2.0 specifications are
part of the USB pin driver and need not be
provided externally.
37
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
38
USB_D+
USB_D+
USB
I/O
USB Data
Line D+
90Ω nominal differential impedance.
Pull-up, pull-down and series resistors as
required by USB 2.0 specifications are
part of the USB pin driver and need not be
provided externally.
39
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
I
RAK2247
supply input
Connect to 3.3 V
40
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
41
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
I
RAK2247
supply input
Connect to 3.3 V
42
LED_WWAN#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
43
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
44
LED_WLAN#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
45
Reserved
PCIe_SCK
I/O
Host SPI CLK
Max 10MHz clock
46
LED_WPAN#
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
47
Reserved
PCIe_MISO
I/O
Host SPI
MISO
48
1.5V
NC
N/A
Internally not connected
49
Reserved
PCIe_MOSI
I/O
Host SPI
MOSI
50
GND
GND
GND
N/A
Ground
Connect to ground
51
W_DISABLE2#
PCIe_CSN
I/O
Host SPI CS
52
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
3.3Vaux
I
RAK2247
supply input
Connect to 3.3 V
Table 3 | Pin Definitions
…Continuation.

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2.6 Power Supply
RAK2247 card must be supplied through the 3.3Vaux pins by a DC power supply. The
voltage must be stable, because during this operation the current drawn from 3.3Vaux
can vary significantly, based on the power consumption profile of the SX1301 chip
(see SX1301 DS).
2.7 SPI Interface
SPI interface is provided on the PCIe_SCK, PCIe_MISO, PCIe_MOSI, PCIe_CSN pins
of the system connector. The SPI interface gives access to the configuration register of
SX1301 via a synchronous full-duplex protocol. Only the slave side is implemented.
Note: RAK2247-USB version don't have this interface.
2.8 USB Interface
RAK2247 card can support the high speed USB to SPI by FT2232HL, it includes a
USB 2.0 compliant interface with maximum 480 Mb/s data rate, representing the
interface for any communication with an external host application processor. The
module itself acts as a USB device and can be connected to any USB host equipped
with compatible drivers. For more information, please refer to the data sheet of
FT2232HL.
Note: RAK2247-SPI version don't have this interface.
2.9 GPS_PPS
RAK2247 card includes the GPS_PPS input for received packets time-stamped.
2.10 RESET
RAK2247 card includes the RESET active-high input signal to reset the radio
operations as specified by the SX1301 Specification.

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2.11 Antenna RF Interface
The modules have one RF interfaces over a standard UFL connectors (Hirose U. FL-R-
SMT) with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω. The RF port (J1) supports both Tx and
Rx, providing the antenna interface.
2.12 Electrical Characteristics
Stressing the device above one or more of the ratings listed in the Absolute Maximum
Rating section may cause permanent damage. These are stress ratings only.
Operating the module at these or at any conditions other than those specified in the
Operating Conditions sections of the specification should be avoided. Exposure to
Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
The operating condition range define those limit within which the functionality of the
device is guaranteed. Where application information is given, it is advisory only and
does not form part of the specification.
2.12.1 Absolute Maximum Rating
Limiting values given below are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum
Rating System (IEC 134).
Symbol
Description
Condition
Min.
Max.
3.3Vaux
Module supply
voltage
Input DC voltage at
3.3Vaux pins
–0.3V
3.6V
USB
USB D+/D- pins
Input DC voltage at USB
interface pins
3.6V
SPDT_SEL
Port select
Input DC voltage at
SPDT_SEL input pins
–0.3V
3.6V
RESET
RAK2247 reset
input
Input DC voltage at
RESET input pin
–0.3V
3.6V
SPI
SPI interface
Input DC voltage at SPI
interface pin
–0.3V
3.6V
GPS_PPS
GPS 1 pps input
Input DC voltage at
GPS_PPS input pin
–0.3V
3.6V
Rho_ANT
Antenna
ruggedness
Output RF load mismatch
ruggedness at ANT1
10:1
VSWR
Tstg
Storage
Temperature
–40°C
85°C
Table 4 | Absolute Maximum Ratings

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The product is not protected against overvoltage or reversed voltages. If
necessary, voltage spikes exceeding the power supply voltage specification,
given in table above, must be limited to values within the specified boundaries
by using appropriate protection devices.
2.12.2 Maximum ESD
The table below lists the maximum ESD.
Parameter
Min
Typical
Max
Remarks
ESD sensitivity for all
pins except ANT1
1000V
Human Body Model according to
JESD22-A114
ESD sensitivity for
ANT1
1000V
Human Body Model according to
JESD22-A114
ESD immunity for
ANT1
4000V
Contact Discharge according to
IEC 61000-4-2
8000V
Air Discharge according to IEC
61000-4-2
Table 5 | Maximum ESD Ratings
Note: RAK2247 card is an Electrostatic Sensitive Device and require special precautions when
handling.
2.12.3 Operating Conditions
The table below lists the operation temperature range.
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
Remarks
Normal operating
temperature
–20°C
+25°C
+65°C
Normal operating temperature range
(fully functional and meet 3GPP
specifications)
Extended
operating
temperature
–40°C
+25°C
+85°C
Extended operating temperature range
(RF performance may be affected
outside normal operating range, though
module is fully functional)
Table 6 | Operation Temperature Range
Note: unless otherwise indicated, all operating condition specifications are at an ambient
temperature of 25 ° C. Operation beyond the operating conditions is not recommended and
extended exposure beyond them may affect device reliability.

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The table below lists the power supply range.
Input voltage at 3.3Vaux must be above the normal operating range minimum
limit to switch-on the module.
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typical
Max.
3.3Vaux
Module supply operating input
voltage14
3 V
3.3 V
3.6 V
Table 7 | Power Supply Range
2.12.4 Power Consumption
Table 8 | Power Consumption
2.12.5 RF Characteristics
The following table gives typically sensitivity level of the RAK2247 card.
Signal
Bandwidth /
[KHz]
Spreading
Factor
Sensitivity /
[dBm]
125
12
-139
125
7
-125
250
12
-136
250
7
-123
500
12
-134
500
7
-120
Table 9 | LoRa RF Characteristics
Mode
Condition
Min
Type
Max
Idle-Mode
All of the chip on the board enter
idle mode or shutdown.
68 uA
Active-Mode(TX)
The power of TX channel is
25dBm and 3.3V supply.
440 mA
Active-Mode(RX )
TX disabled and RX enabled.
470 mA

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3LoRa Antenna
3.1 Overview
The LoRa Antenna with RP-SMA female connector shown as follow figures.
Figure 5 | LoRa Antenna Overview
3.2 Antenna Dimension
The antenna’s mechanical dimension is shown below:
Figure 6 | LoRa Antenna Dimension
3.3 Antenna Parameter
Items
Specifications
Voltage Standard Wave Radio (VSWR)
1:1.5
Gain
2.0dbm
Working Temperature & Humidity
T:-35 ºC ~ +80 ºC, H: 0% ~ 95%

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Storage Temperature & Humidity
T:-40 ºC ~ +85 ºC, H: 0% ~ 95%
Table 10 | LoRa Antenna Parameter
4Schematics Reference
RAK2247 card refers to Semtech's reference design of SX1301. The SPI interface or USB
interface converts SPI to USB2.0 by FT2232H and can be used on PCIE connector.

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Figure 7 | Schematic Diagram Reference
The next figure shows the minimum application schematic of RAK2247 card. You should
use it at least 3.3V / 1A DC power, connect SPI interface or USB interface to the main
processor.

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Figure 8 | RAK2247 Card Minimum Schematic Reference
5Source Code
5.1 RAK2247-USB Version
If your RAK2247 communicates with Raspberry Pi via USB protocol, you can find
the source code here:
https://github.com/RAKWireless/RAK833-LoRaGateway-RPi
Step1: Download and install Raspbian Stretch LITE
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
Step2: Clone the installer and start the installation
$ git clone https://github.com/RAKWireless/RAK833-LoRaGateway-RPi.git ~/rak833-
loragateway
$ cd ~/rak833-loragateway
$ sudo ./install.sh
Step3 : Now you have a running gateway after restart! in additon you can check the log
info at /var/log/syslog.
5.2 RAK2247-SPI Version
If your RAK2247 communicates with Raspberry Pi via SPI protocol, you can find the
source code here:
https://github.com/RAKWireless/RAK831-LoRaGateway-RPi
Step1: Download and install Raspbian Stretch LITE
https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
Step2: Clone the installer and start the installation
$ git clone https://github.com/RAKWireless/RAK831-LoRaGateway-RPi.git ~/rak831-
loragateway
$ cd ~/rak831-loragateway
$ sudo ./install.sh

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Step3: Next you will see some messages as follow. Just hit the Enter key to keep
default or enter your information if you want:
Host name [ttn-gateway]:
Descriptive name [ttn-rak831]:
Latitude [0]:
Longitude [0]:
Altitude [0]:
Step4: Now you have a running gateway after restart! in additon you can check the log
info at /var/log/syslog.
Note: you can change the working frequency of RAK2247 by changing the file named “global_conf.json” if
the hardware can support the frequency you want. How to get the correct file? Please refer to the official
Github: https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/gateway-conf

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6Contact Information
Shenzhen Business
[e-mail]
Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street,
Nan shan District, Shenzhen
Shenzhen Technical
[e-mail]
0755-86108311
Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street,
Nan Shan District, Shenzhen

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7Revision History
Revision
Description
Date
1.0
Initial version
2018-12-21
1.1
Modify the figures, add the source code chapter
2019-01-02
8Document Summary
Document Name: WisLink-LoRa RAK2247 User Manual
Product Name: LoRa Concentrator Module
Release Date: January 2019
Revision Number: V1.1
Prepared by
Checked by:
Approved by:
Jeff
About RAKwireless:
RAKwireless is the pioneer in providing innovative and diverse cellular and LoRa
connectivity solutions for IoT edge devices. It's easy and modular design can be used in
different IoT applications and accelerate time-to-market turnover.
For more information, please visit RAKwireless website at www.rakwireless.com.