R&S NRP18S User manual

R&S®NRP18S-xx
High-Power Three-Path Diode Power
Sensors
User Manual
User Manual
Version 05
1178368602
(;ÜTä2)

This manual describes the following high-power three-path diode power sensors with firmware version FW
02.00 and later:
●R&S®NRP18S-10 (1424.6721.02)
●R&S®NRP18S-20 (1424.6738.02)
●R&S®NRP18S-25 (1424.6744.02)
© 2020 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1178.3686.02 | Version 05 | R&S®NRP18S-xx
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol, for example R&S®NRP18S-10 is
abbreviated as R&S NRP18S-10.

Contents
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Contents
1 Preface.................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Documentation Overview............................................................................................. 5
1.2 Key Features..................................................................................................................6
2 Safety Information..................................................................................8
3 Preparing for Use...................................................................................9
3.1 Unpacking and Checking the Power Sensor..............................................................9
3.2 Operating Conditions................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Considerations for Test Setup................................................................................... 10
3.4 Connecting to a DUT...................................................................................................10
3.5 Connecting a Cable to the Host Interface................................................................. 11
3.6 Connecting to a Controlling Host..............................................................................12
4 Power Sensor Tour.............................................................................. 16
4.1 RF Connector.............................................................................................................. 16
4.2 Trigger I/O Connector................................................................................................. 17
4.3 Host Interface.............................................................................................................. 17
4.4 Status LED................................................................................................................... 17
5 Operating Concepts.............................................................................18
5.1 R&S NRP Toolkit..........................................................................................................18
5.2 Remote Control........................................................................................................... 20
5.3 R&S NRPV....................................................................................................................21
5.4 R&S Power Viewer...................................................................................................... 25
5.5 R&S Power Viewer Mobile..........................................................................................29
5.6 R&S NRX...................................................................................................................... 29
5.7 R&S NRP2.................................................................................................................... 31
6 Firmware Update..................................................................................35
6.1 Hardware and Software Requirements..................................................................... 35
6.2 Updating the Firmware............................................................................................... 35
7 Replacing an R&S NRP-Zxx with an R&S NRP18S-xx...................... 39
7.1 Most Important Differences........................................................................................39

Contents
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7.2 Prerequisites............................................................................................................... 39
8 Remote Control Commands................................................................41
8.1 Conventions Used in SCPI Command Descriptions................................................41
8.2 Notations......................................................................................................................41
8.3 Common Commands.................................................................................................. 43
8.4 Preparing for the Measurement................................................................................. 47
8.5 Controlling the Measurement.................................................................................... 49
8.6 Configuring and Retrieving Results..........................................................................64
8.7 Configuring the Measurement Modes.......................................................................69
8.8 Configuring Basic Measurement Parameters.......................................................... 81
8.9 Calibrating/Zeroing the Power Sensor ...................................................................101
8.10 Testing the Power Sensor........................................................................................ 103
8.11 Configuring the System............................................................................................104
8.12 Using the Status Register.........................................................................................116
9 Performing Measurement Tasks - Programming Examples.......... 120
9.1 Performing the Simplest Measurement.................................................................. 120
9.2 Performing the Fastest Measurement in Continuous Average Mode.................. 120
9.3 Performing a Buffered Continuous Average Measurement.................................. 123
9.4 Performing Trace Measurements............................................................................ 125
9.5 Trace Measurement with Synchronization to Measurement Complete............... 126
10 Remote Control Basics......................................................................128
10.1 Remote Control Interfaces and Protocols.............................................................. 128
10.2 SCPI Command Structure........................................................................................ 129
10.3 Status Reporting System......................................................................................... 135
11 Troubleshooting................................................................................. 153
11.1 Displaying Status Information................................................................................. 153
11.2 Performing a Selftest................................................................................................ 153
11.3 Problems during a Firmware Update...................................................................... 153
11.4 Contacting Customer Support.................................................................................154
List of Commands..............................................................................155
Index....................................................................................................160

Preface
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1 Preface
This chapter provides an overview of the user documentation and an introduction to
the R&S NRP18S-xx.
1.1 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S NRP18S-xx user documentation. Unless
specified otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S NRP18S-xx product page at:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/product/nrp18s
1.1.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S NRP18S-xx and describes how to set up and start working with the
product. Includes basic operations and general information, e.g. safety instructions,
etc. A printed version is delivered with the power sensor.
1.1.2 User Manuals
Contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also provides an
introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control commands
with programming examples, and information on maintenance and interfaces. Includes
the contents of the getting started manual.
1.1.3 Tutorials
Tutorials offer guided examples and demonstrations on operating the R&S NRP18S-
xx. They are provided on the product page of the internet.
1.1.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S NRP18S-xx in secure areas. It
is available for download on the Internet.
1.1.5 Basic Safety Instructions
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
Documentation Overview

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1.1.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S NRP18S-xx. It also
lists the firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific char-
acteristics.
www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/nrp18s
1.1.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The "Open Source Acknowledgment" is provided on the user documentation CD-ROM,
included in the delivery. It contains verbatim license texts of the used open source soft-
ware.
www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/nrp18s
1.1.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particu-
lar topics.
www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/nrp18s
1.2 Key Features
The 3-path diode power sensors are members of the R&S NRP series power sensors
from Rohde & Schwarz.
They provide a high-speed USB interface that constitutes both the communication port
and the power supply connection.
Special features of power sensors with precision attenuators
Each R&S NRP18S-xx power sensor is delivered with a high-quality attenuator. It ena-
bles measuring at higher power levels.
Key Features

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Figure 1-1: R&S NRP18S-10, R&S NRP18S-20 and R&S NRP18S-25 (from left)
To provide physically correct results, the sensor itself numerically compensates the
influence of the attenuator. Hence, the measurement output is not the power level that
is measured at the input port of the sensor. It represents the power level at the input of
the attenuator.
This numerical compensation of a two-port ("S-parameter device") connected
upstream is also implemented in R&S NRP power sensors that are delivered without
an attenuator. You can select any third-party attenuator, measure its S-parameters and
connect it upstream of the sensor in place of the supplied attenuator.
However, a precise measurement of the S-parameters is not trivial, and not all attenua-
tors are sufficiently stable. To enable high-precision power measurements with R&S
NRP18S‑xx power sensors, each included attenuator is highly stable and accurately
calibrated on site. The factory-provided calibration data is stored in the factory calibra-
tion data set of the sensor and includes the precisely determined S-parameter values.
At start-up of the power sensor, it automatically activates S-parameter correction based
on the stored S-parameters. You can change this default behavior using the S-parame-
ters tool included in the R&S NRP Toolkit, see Chapter 8.8.4.3, "S-Parameter Correc-
tion", on page 87.
●If you use the power sensor without an attenuator to increase sensitivity, disable S-
parameter correction.
●If you use the power sensor with a third-party attenuator, load its S-parameters and
define it as the active device.
For a detailed specification, refer to the data sheet.
Key Features

Safety Information
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2 Safety Information
The product documentation helps you use the R&S NRP18S-xx safely and efficiently.
Follow the instructions provided here and in the printed "Basic Safety Instructions".
Keep the product documentation nearby and offer it to other users.
Intended use
The R&S NRP18S-xx is intended for the development, production and verification of
electronic components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environ-
ments. Use the R&S NRP18S-xx only for its designated purpose. Observe the operat-
ing conditions and performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you about the poten-
tial dangers and gives instructions how to prevent personal injuries or damage caused
by dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●The printed "Basic Safety Instructions" provide safety information in many lan-
guages and are delivered with the R&S NRP18S-xx.
●Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation.

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3 Preparing for Use
For information on safety, see:
●Chapter 2, "Safety Information", on page 8
●Chapter 3.2, "Operating Conditions", on page 9
3.1 Unpacking and Checking the Power Sensor
Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists
for the various items. Check the power sensor for any damage. If there is damage,
immediately contact the carrier who delivered the power sensor. Make sure not to dis-
card the box and packing material.
Packing material
Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or ship-
ped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.
3.2 Operating Conditions
Risk of injury through hot surfaces
Under certain conditions, the maximum surface temperatures of the power sensor can
exceed the limits defined in EN 61010-1.
Provide protection against unintentional contact and wear appropriate personal protec-
tive equipment when touching the sensor.
Specific operating conditions are required to ensure accurate measurements and to
avoid damage to the power sensor and connected devices. Before switching on the
power sensor, observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in
the basic safety instructions and the data sheet of the power sensor.
In particular, ensure the following:
●The power sensor is dry and shows no sign of condensation.
●The ambient temperature does not exceed the range specified in the data sheet.
●Signal levels at the input connectors are all within the specified ranges.
●Signal outputs are connected correctly and are not overloaded.
Operating Conditions

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3.3 Considerations for Test Setup
Preventing electrostatic discharge (ESD)
ESD is most likely to occur when you connect or disconnect a DUT.
►NOTICE! Risk of electrostatic discharge (ESD). Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can
damage the electronic components of the power sensor and the device under test
(DUT).
Ground yourself to avoid electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage:
● Using a wrist strap and cord, connect yourself to the ground.
● Use a conductive floor mat and heel strap combination.
EMI impact on measurement results
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) may affect the measurement results.
To suppress generated electromagnetic interference (EMI):
●Use suitable shielded cables of high quality. For example, use double-shielded RF
and LAN cables.
●Always terminate open cable ends.
●Note the EMC classification in the data sheet.
3.4 Connecting to a DUT
For connecting the power sensor to a DUT, use the RF connector. See Chapter 4.1,
"RF Connector", on page 16.
Risk of overloading the sensor
Using a power sensor at a level above its upper measuring limit can damage the sen-
sor head. To avoid this risk, make sure not to exceed the test limit.
The test limits specified on the type label are valid only for the supplied attenuator. For
operation without attenuator, lower test limits apply, as specified in the data sheet.
To connect to the DUT
1. Ensure that the RF connector of your DUT is compatible with the RF connector of
the power sensor or attenuator.
2. Insert the RF connector straight into the RF output of your DUT. Take care not to tilt
it.
Connecting to a DUT

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180
3. NOTICE! Risk of damaging the center pin of the RF connector. Always rotate only
the hex nut of the RF connector. Never rotate the power sensor itself.
Tighten the RF connector manually.
To disconnect from the DUT
►NOTICE! Risk of damaging the center pin of the RF connector. Always rotate only
the union nut of the RF connector. Never rotate the power sensor itself.
If the power sensor is operated with the supplied attenuator:
a) Carefully loosen the union nut of the RF connector at the input of the attenua-
tor.
b) Remove the sensor with the attenuator.
Normally, it is not necessary or advisable to separate the attenuator from the sen-
sor if both are operated together.
► If the sensor is operated without the supplied attenuator, carefully loosen the union
nut at the RF connector of the sensor and then remove the sensor.
3.5 Connecting a Cable to the Host Interface
For connecting the power sensor to a USB host, use the host interface. See Chap-
ter 4.3, "Host Interface", on page 17.
Depending on the USB host, use one of the following cables:
●Computer or R&S NRP‑Z5 sensor hub:
R&S NRP‑ZKU cable with a USB connector, R&S order number 1419.0658.xx
See Chapter 3.6.1, "Computer", on page 12.
●Base units, R&S NRX or R&S NRP2, or other supported Rohde & Schwarz instru-
ments:
R&S NRP‑ZK6 cable with a push-pull type connector, R&S order number
1419.0664.xx
See Chapter 3.6.2, "Base Unit", on page 15.
These cables can be obtained in different lengths up to 5 meters.
To connect a cable to the host interface of the power sensor
1. Insert the screw-lock cable connector into the host interface connector of the power
sensor.
2. Tighten the union nut manually.
Connecting a Cable to the Host Interface

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To disconnect the host interface of the power sensor
► Loosen the union nut of the screw-lock cable connector and remove the cable.
3.6 Connecting to a Controlling Host
As a controlling host, you can use:
●Computer
●Base Unit
For operating the power sensor, you can choose from various possibilities. For details,
see Chapter 5, "Operating Concepts", on page 18.
3.6.1 Computer
If the controlling host is a computer, you can operate the power sensor using a suppor-
ted software, the web user interface or remote control. For details, see Chapter 5,
"Operating Concepts", on page 18.
► Establish the connection using:
● Host interface
See Chapter 3.6.1.1, "Simple USB Connection", on page 12.
See Chapter 3.6.1.2, "R&S NRP‑Z5 Sensor Hub Setup", on page 13.
3.6.1.1 Simple USB Connection
All R&S NRP18S-xx power sensors can be connected to the USB interface of a com-
puter.
Required equipment
●R&S NRP18S-xx power sensor
●R&S NRP‑ZKU cable
Setup
7
Figure 3-1: Setup with an R&S NRP
‑ ZKU cable
Connecting to a Controlling Host

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1 = Signal source
2 = Attenuator
3 = R&S NRP18S-xx power sensor
4 = Host interface connector
5 = R&S NRP‑ZKU cable
6 = USB connector
7 = Computer with installed VISA driver or R&S NRP Toolkit
Incorrectly connecting/disconnecting the R&S NRP18S-xx power sensors can damage
the power sensors or lead to erroneous results.
Ensure that you connect/disconnect your power sensor as described in Chapter 3,
"Preparing for Use", on page 9.
1. Connect the cables as shown in Figure 3-1 :
a) Connect the R&S NRP‑ZKU cable to the power sensor.
See "To connect a cable to the host interface of the power sensor" on page 11.
b) Connect the R&S NRP‑ZKU cable to the computer.
c) Connect the power sensor to the signal source.
2. On the computer, start a software application to view the measurement results.
See Chapter 5, "Operating Concepts", on page 18.
3.6.1.2 R&S NRP‑Z5 Sensor Hub Setup
The R&S NRP‑Z5 sensor hub (high-speed USB 2.0) can host up to four R&S NRP18S-
xx power sensors and provides simultaneous external triggering to all connected sen-
sors.
Required equipment
●1 to 4 R&S NRP18S-xx power sensors
●1 R&S NRP‑ZK6 cable per sensor
●R&S NRP‑Z5 sensor hub with external power supply unit and USB cable
●BNC cables to connect the trigger input and trigger output signals (optional)
Connecting to a Controlling Host

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Setup
TTL /CMOS
TTL /CMOS
Figure 3-2: Setup with an R&S NRP-Z5 sensor hub
1 = R&S NRP‑Z5 sensor hub
2 = External power supply unit (supplied)
3 = Power cable (supplied)
4 = AC power supply
5 = USB cable (supplied)
6 = Computer with USB host interface
7, 8 = BNC cable (optional, not supplied)
9 = Trigger source (optional)
10 = Triggered device (optional)
11-14 = R&S NRP‑ZK6 cable
15 = Host interface connector
16 = R&S NRP18S-xx power sensor
17 = Attenuator
18 = Signal source
Incorrectly connecting/disconnecting the R&S NRP18S-xx power sensors can damage
the power sensors or lead to erroneous results.
Ensure that you connect/disconnect your power sensor as described in Chapter 3,
"Preparing for Use", on page 9.
1. Connect the cables as shown in Figure 3-2:
Connecting to a Controlling Host

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a) Connect the R&S NRP‑ZK6 cable to the power sensor.
See "To connect a cable to the host interface of the power sensor" on page 11
b) Connect the power sensors to the R&S NRP‑Z5 sensor hub. You can connect
up to four sensors.
c) Connect the R&S NRP‑Z5 to the computer.
d) Connect the power sensors to the signal source.
e) Connect the delivered external power supply unit to the R&S NRP‑Z5 and to an
AC supply connector.
f) Connect the trigger input of the R&S NRP‑Z5 with a BNC cable to the trigger
source (optional).
g) Connect the trigger output of the R&S NRP‑Z5 with a BNC cable to the trigger
device (optional).
2. On the computer, start a software application to view the measurement results.
See Chapter 5, "Operating Concepts", on page 18.
3.6.2 Base Unit
As a controlling host, you can use an R&S NRX or R&S NRP2 base unit. You can also
operate the power sensor using other supported Rohde & Schwarz instruments with a
sensor connector. For details, see also the user manual of the instrument.
► Establish the connection with the base unit using:
● Host interface
See Chapter 5.6, "R&S NRX", on page 29
See Chapter 5.7, "R&S NRP2", on page 31
Connecting to a Controlling Host

Power Sensor Tour
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4 Power Sensor Tour
This chapter provides an overview of the available connectors and LEDs of the power
sensor.
2
1
3
4
5
Figure 4-1: R&S NRP18S ‑ xx power sensor
1 = RF connector (attenuator), see Chapter 4.1, "RF Connector", on page 16
2 = RF connector (sensor), see Chapter 4.1, "RF Connector", on page 16
3 = Trigger I/O connector, see Chapter 4.2, "Trigger I/O Connector", on page 17
4 = Host interface connector, see Chapter 4.3, "Host Interface", on page 17
5 = Status LED, see Chapter 4.4, "Status LED", on page 17
4.1 RF Connector
The RF connector is used for connecting the power sensor to a device under test
(DUT) or a signal generator. See Chapter 3.4, "Connecting to a DUT", on page 10.
The RF connector type is an N connector. Use it to connect to the following:
●Included attenuator, which is in turn connected to a device under test (DUT) or a
signal generator.
●DUT or signal generator, directly connected.
●Two-port device ("S-parameter device"), which in turn is connected to a DUT or a
signal generator.
For maximum measurement accuracy, tighten the RF connector using a torque wrench
with a nominal torque as specified in the following table.
Table 4-1: R&S NRP18S
‑ xx RF connector characteristics
Power sensor Male connector Matching female con-
nector
Tightening torque
R&S NRP18S N N 1.36 Nm (12'' lbs)
RF Connector

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4.2 Trigger I/O Connector
The trigger I/O is a connector of SMB type.
It is used as an input for signals if the trigger source parameter is set to EXTernal2. It
is used as an output for trigger signals if the sensor is operated in the trigger master
mode.
Further information:
●Chapter 8.5.2, "Triggering", on page 50
4.3 Host Interface
The host interface is used for establishing a connection between the power sensor and
a USB host. For this purpose, an external cable is needed. See Chapter 3.5, "Connect-
ing a Cable to the Host Interface", on page 11.
4.4 Status LED
The status LED gives information about the state of the power sensor. The following
states are defined:
Indication State
White Idle state. The sensor performs no measurement and is ready for use.
Flashing white Firmware update is in progress
Slow flashing white Sanitizing in progress
Yellow Wait for trigger state
Green Measuring state
Turquoise blue Zeroing is in progress
Slow flashing red Static error
You can query the error type with SYSTem:SERRor?.
Fast flashing red Critical static error
You can query the error type with SYSTem:SERRor?.
Note: If this state occurs after a firmware update, the update was not
successful. Perform the firmware update again.
See also Chapter 11.3, "Problems during a Firmware Update",
on page 153.
Status LED

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5 Operating Concepts
For operating the power sensor, you can choose from various possibilities:
●Chapter 5.2, "Remote Control", on page 20
●Chapter 5.3, "R&S NRPV", on page 21
●Chapter 5.4, "R&S Power Viewer", on page 25
●Chapter 5.5, "R&S Power Viewer Mobile", on page 29
●Chapter 5.6, "R&S NRX", on page 29
●Chapter 5.7, "R&S NRP2", on page 31
5.1 R&S NRP Toolkit
Before you start using the power sensor, it is recommended to install the R&S NRP
Toolkit.
The R&S NRP Toolkit is the basic software package that supplies low-level drivers and
tools for all power sensors. The components of the R&S NRP Toolkit depend on the
operating system.
5.1.1 Versions and Downloads
The R&S NRP Toolkit is available for the Microsoft Windows operating systems listed
under Chapter 5.1.2, "System Requirements", on page 18, Linux distributions and
MacOSX. Several R&S NRP Toolkit versions are available on your documentation CD-
ROM.
The latest version for Windows is available at www.rohde-schwarz.com/software/nrp-
toolkit.
To obtain an R&S NRP Toolkit for an operating system other than Microsoft Windows,
contact the Rohde & Schwarz customer support: customersupport@rohde-
schwarz.com
5.1.2 System Requirements
Hardware requirements:
●Desktop computer or laptop, or an Intel-based Apple Mac
Supported operating systems:
●Microsoft Windows versions
– Microsoft Windows Vista 32/64-bit
– Microsoft Windows 7 32/64-bit
R&S NRP Toolkit

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– Microsoft Windows 8/ 8.1 32/64-bit
– Microsoft Windows 10 32/64-bit
●For information on other operating systems, see Chapter 5.1.1, "Versions and
Downloads", on page 18.
5.1.3 R&S NRP Toolkit for Windows
The R&S NRP Toolkit installer for Windows-based systems contains the components
described in the release notes available at www.rohde-schwarz.com/software/nrp-tool-
kit.
Installing on a computer
1. Start the R&S NRP Toolkit installer on the Windows-based computer.
In the "NRP-Toolkit Setup" dialog, the correct R&S NRP Toolkit version for your
operating system, 32-bit or 64-bit, is already selected.
2. Enable the components you want to install.
● "NRP-Toolkit (SDK)"
The software development kit (SDK) provides programming examples for the
R&S power sensors.
See Chapter 9, "Performing Measurement Tasks - Programming Examples",
on page 120.
● "IVI Shared Components"
Installs the USBTMC driver. Enabled by default because the installation is rec-
ommended.
See also Table 10-1.
R&S NRP Toolkit

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3. Accept the license terms to continue with the installation.
4. Click "Next" and complete the installation process.
5.1.3.1 Components of the R&S NRP Toolkit
Access: "Start" > "NRP-Toolkit"
The following tools are part of the R&S NRP Toolkit for Windows.
Configure Network Sensor
Useful if you have troubles establishing a LAN connection with an R&S NRP LAN
power sensor. The tool provides the following functions:
●Configuring the network settings by (temporary) connecting the selected sensor to
the computer using USB.
●Discovering the sensors that have been configured via the Zeroconf (APIA) proto-
col.
The tool comes with a guide (PDF) that is also available in the "Start" menu. The guide
explains the network setup.
Firmware Update
You can use the Firmware Update for NRP Family program to load new firmware for
the power sensors.
See Chapter 6, "Firmware Update", on page 35.
NRP Version Display
Displays version information of all installed, power measurement-relevant software
packages.
R&S NRP‑Z Uncertainty Calculator
Determines the expanded measurement uncertainty. The tool comes with a manual
(PDF) that is also available in the "Start" menu.
S-Parameter Update Multi
Helps loading an S-parameter table into the power sensor.
See Chapter 8.8.4.5, "Using the S-Parameters Tool", on page 91.
Terminal
Low-level communication program for sending commands to the power sensor.
5.2 Remote Control
You can remote control the R&S NRP18S-xx easily.
Remote Control