Renogy RBT50LFP48S User manual

Version 1.0
Battery
SMART LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE
48V 50Ah

Important Safety Instructions
Please save these instructions.
This manual contains important installation, operation, and maintenance instructions for the
Smart Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery. Please observe these instructions and keep them
located near the battery for further reference. The following symbols are used throughout
the manual to indicate potentially dangerous conditions or important safety information.
Indicates a potentially dangerous condition. Use extreme caution when
performing this task.
Indicates a critical procedure for the safe and proper installation and
operation of the battery.
Force majeure including fire, typhoon, flood, earthquake, war, and terrorism.
Intentional or accidental misuse, abuse, neglect or improper maintenance, and use
under abnormal conditions.
Improper installation, improper operation, and malfunction of a peripheral device.
Please keep the battery away from water, heat sources, sparks, and hazardous chemicals.
DO NOT puncture, drop, crush, burn, penetrate, shake, or strike the battery.
DO NOT open, dismantle, or modify the battery.
Contamination with hazardous substances, diseases, vermin, or radiation.
Alterations tothe product without express written consent from the manufacturer.
The manufacturer accepts no liability for any damage caused by:
Indicates a procedure or function that is important to the safe and proper
installation and operation of the battery.
Disclaimer
General Safety Information

DO NOT touch any terminals or connectors.
Uncovered electrolyte or powder that has contacted the skin or eyes MUST be flushed out
with plenty of clean water immediately. Seek medical attention afterwards.
Please make sure any battery charger or charge controller has been disconnected before
working on the battery.
DO NOT connect or disconnect terminals from the battery without first disconnecting loads.
DO NOT place tools on top of the battery.
Please keep the battery out of the reach of young children.
Please wear proper protective equipment when working on the battery.
Please use insulated tools when working on the battery.
DO NOT wear jewelry or other metal objects when working on or around the battery.
Please ensure adequate and secure mounting of the battery.
Please use suitable handling equipment for safe transportation of the battery.
DO NOT dispose of the battery as household waste. Please use recycling channels in
accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
DO NOT touch the exposed electrolyte or powder if the battery casing is damaged.

Table of Contents
General Information
Key Features
Product Overview
Identification of Parts
Additional Components
Preparation
Battery Installation
Inspection
Troubleshooting
Specifications
Cable Sizing
Connecting Batteries in Banks
Securing Cable Connections
Installation Environment
Battery Maintenance
Battery Storage
Battery Management System
Dimensions
Battery Operation

General Information
The Renogy Smart Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery is the perfect option for off-grid energy
storage systems. The 48V nominal voltage ensures low heat generation and high efficiency
during high power transmission. The modular design easily scales to meet a range of
configurations—making it simple to tailor your energy requirements to specific projects. The
battery meets the highest safety standards and has an exceptional lifecycle, optimized with
proprietary manufacturing processes and cell architecture. The state-of-the-art battery
management system (BMS) enables comprehensive protection features and real-time
monitoring. With built-in intelligent self-heating, the battery is rechargeable even in
low-temperature conditions.
The battery management system (BMS) and high-performance dual-processors provide
comprehensive protection features and real-time monitoring.
Easily connect multiple batteries in parallel with the auto-balancing function to meet the
power and energy requirements of different system setups.
Key Features
Modular Design
ReliableSystem
The battery features an exceptional lifespan of more than 4500 cycles (80% DOD), a 50A
maximum discharge current, and a wide range of operating temperatures.
Uncompromised Quality
The battery features communication ports—enabling communication between connected
batteries, external devices, and host computers.
Communication Port
The intelligent self-heating feature keeps the battery charged in cold environments.
Self-Heating

Product Overview
Dimensions
Identification of Parts
⑤RS485 UP Communication Port
⑥RS485 LINK Communication Port
⑦CAN Communication Ports
①Positive Terminal (w/ Terminal Cover)
②Negative Terminal (w/ Terminal Cover)
③LED Indicator
④Power Button
①②
③④ ⑦⑤⑥
[22.70 in]
576.0 mm
[16.35 in]
415.2 mm
[8.62 in]
218.9 mm
[7.87 in]
200.0 mm

Before the installation and operation of the battery, it is recommended to have the following
equipment or tools available:
Safe and reliable installation requires trained and certified technicians. Therefore, the purpose
of this section is only to serve as a guideline as all scenarios cannot be covered.
The Long Terminal Bolts (M8 x 1 x 20) are used to secure multiple cable lugs on a single
battery terminal.
Preparation
Battery Installation
Additional Components
Long Terminal Bolts (2)
Proper Protective Equipment
Insulated Tool(s)
Multimeter
Battery Cable
Battery Charger / Charge Controller
[8.46 in]
215.0 mm

Please verify the polarity before connecting wiring. Reversing polarity can and will destroy
the battery.
Please use circuit breakers, fuses, or disconnects appropriately sized by a certified
electrician, licensed installers, or regional code authorities to protect all electrical
equipment.
Please check for visible damage including cracks, dents, deformation, and other visible
abnormalities. The top of the battery and terminal connections should be clean, free of dirt
and corrosion, and dry. If any problems are detected with the battery, please contact us for
assistance. Refer tothe last page of the manual for contact information.
Inspection
Battery cables (sold separately) should be appropriately sized to handle the expected load.
Please refer to the following table for the ampacities of copper cables with different gauge
sizes.
Cable Sizing
DO NOT short-circuit the battery terminals. Doing so can cause current bursts and lead to
irreversible damage to the system and the battery.
Copper Cable Gauge Size(AWG/mm
2
)Ampacity (A)
14 (2.08)
12 (3.31)
10 (5.25)
8 (8.36)
6 (13.3)
4 (21.1)
2 (33.6)
1 (42.4)
1/0 (53.5)
2/0 (67.4)
4/0 (107)
20
25
35
50
65
85
115
130
150
175
230

The above values are from NEC Table 310.15(B)16 for copper cables rated at 75°C (167°F),
operating at an ambient temperature of no more than 30°C (86°F). Lengths in excess of 6 feet
(1829 mm) may require heavier gauge cable to avoid excess voltage drop in undersized wiring.
To string multiple batteries in parallel, first
connect the Positive Terminals of the
batteries to each other. Then, connect the
Negative Terminals of the batteries to
each other. Finally, connect the Positive
Terminal of the first battery and the
Negative Terminals of the last battery to
the system. This type of arrangement is
used to increase the overall battery capac-
ity while keeping the voltage the same.
DO NOT string batteries in series. Doing so can cause catastrophic failure.
DO NOT string batteries with different chemistries, brands, models, rated capacities,
or nominal voltages in parallel.
Please avoid too high a voltage difference between paralleled batteries, despite the
auto-balancing function, to avoid triggering the over-current protection.
In parallel battery banks, the cables between each battery should be of equal length to
ensure that all batteries in the system can work equally together.
It is not recommended to connect more than 8 batteries in parallel if taking advantages of
the auto-balancing function.
Connecting Batteries in Banks
Copper Cable
Communication
Cable
To enable the communication between
paralleled batteries for the proper operation
of the Renogy Monitoring Screen or the
Renogy Bluetooth Module, connect the
RS485 LINK Communication Ports of the
former batteries to the RS485 UP Commu-
nication Ports of the latter ones using CAT5
(or above) Ethernet straight through cables
(not included). The Renogy Monitoring Screen or the Renogy Bluetooth Module should be
connected tothe RS485 UP Communication Port of the first battery.

Securing Cable Connections
Installation Environment
Please secure all cable connections to the proper specification in order to ensure good
contact between the cable lugs and the terminals. Over-tightening cable connections can
cause terminal breakage and loose cable connections can cause terminal meltdown or fire.
To ensure good contact between the cable lugs and the terminals, please use the
appropriate number of washers to allow for as much thread engagement as possible
without bottoming out the terminal bolt. The correct number of washers can be
determined by hand-tightening the terminal bolt with just the cable lug in place and
observing the gap that is present. Use the number of washers needed so that the
washer stack is slightly larger than the observed gap.
The battery should be installed in a clean, cool, and dry place, keeping water, oil, and dirt
away from the battery. The accumulation of these materials on the battery can cause current
leakage, resulting in self-discharge and a possible short-circuit. Sufficient air flow must be
provided to prevent excessive heat build-up and to minimize temperature variation between
the batteries.
It is important to ensure that the cable lug and the top surface of the terminal are in contact.
The washer(s) must be placed on top of the lug. Do not place the washer(s) between the
battery terminal and the cable lug as this can cause high resistance and excessive heating.
Please use an insulated Philips screwdriver to tighten the cable connections.
Please use the included Long Terminal Bolts when needed to secure multiple cable lugs on
a single battery terminal.

Power Button Operation
Identifying Battery Operation Status
Battery Operation
DO NOT over-charge or over-discharge the battery.
DO NOT discharge the battery at high temperatures above 140°F (60°C).
Please leave the battery in shelf mode during installation. DO NOT switch the battery to
active mode until making sure that all the connections are correct and secure. Connecting
active batteries to the system may trigger the short circuit protection of the battery.
The LED Indicator indicates the battery operation status. Please refer to the following table
for more details.
The battery leaves the factory in shelf mode. Please switch the battery to active mode by
charging it or using the Power Button after connecting the battery tothe system for the first time.
Paralleled batteries can be switched to active mode simultaneously by charging them or
using the Power Button on any battery. To switch paralleled batteries to shelf mode simulta-
neously, please enable the communication between paralleled batteries and use the Power
Button on the first battery. Otherwise, please disconnect paralleled batteries and use the
Power Button to switch each battery to shelf mode.
The battery can be switched between active mode and shelf mode with the Power Button.
When the battery is in shelf mode, long press the Power Button for 1 second to switch the
battery to active mode. The LED Indicator will illuminate after 1~2 seconds of software
initialization to indicate that the battery has been successfully switched to active mode. Please
check the battery voltage to validate an active battery.
Prior to long periods of storage, disconnect the battery from the system and long
press the Power Button for 3 seconds to switch the battery to shelf mode. The LED Indicator
will go out to indicate that the battery has been switched to shelf mode. In shelf mode, the
battery has a low self-discharge rate and can hold the charge for a longer period of time.

Self-heating Function Operation
ConditionProtection
Slow Flashing Green Standby
Fast Flashing Green Normal Discharging
Solid Green Normal Charging / Fully Charged
Solid Yellow Charge Over-current Warning / Discharge Over-current Warning
Flashing Yellow Battery Under-voltage Warning / Battery Cell Under-voltage Warning
Solid Red
Charge Over-current Protection / Discharge Over-current Protection /
Battery High Temperature Protection /
Battery Low Temperature Protection / Short Circuit Protection
Flashing Red Battery Under-voltage Protection /
Battery Cell Under-voltage Protection /Battery Over-voltage Protection
The self-heating function MUST be disabled or enabled uniformly on all the batteries in the
parallel battery bank.
The warning status will not affect the normal use of the battery. But it is recommended to
pay closer attention to the battery to prevent it from entering the protection mode.
The normal operation of the self-heating function requires a stable charge current greater than
3A for each battery in the parallel battery bank. The self-heating function will start operating
automatically once the battery and the battery temperature drops below 41°F(5°C) and stop
operating automatically once the battery temperature rises above 50°F (10°C).
* Red-Red-Red-Yellow-Yellow-Yellow-Green-Green-Green
** Red-Yellow-Green-Red-Yellow-Green-Red-Yellow-Green
The battery leaves the factory with the self-heating function enabled. To disable the self-heating
function, please switch the battery to shelf mode and long press the Power Button for 8
seconds. The LED indicator will flash red, yellow, and green 3 times respectively* to indicate
that the self-heating function has been disabled. To re-enable the self-heating function, please
repeat the previous steps. The LED indicator will flash red, yellow, and green in sequence for 3
times** to indicate that the self-heating function has been re-enabled. The battery will switch to
active mode automatically after disabling or re-enabling the self-heating function. When the
self-heating function is disabled, the LED indicator will flash red, yellow, and green 3 times
respectively* every time the battery is switched to active mode.

Charging Batteries
Discharging Batteries
The self-heating function needs to be disabled or enabled individually on each battery in the
parallel battery bank.
DO NOT exceed the maximum charge current to the battery.
ONLY charge the battery with a battery charger or charge controller that is compatible with
lithium iron phosphate batteries.
DO NOT exceed the maximum discharge current to the battery.
DO NOT connect large loads to the battery when it is running low.
If the battery shuts off due to low state of charge (SoC), please disconnect the battery from
the discharge equipment to eliminate potential parasitic loads and charge the battery as
soon as possible. Failure to do so may cause irreversible damage to the battery.
Depending on the length of time between manufacturing and shipping, the battery may be
received at a partial state of charge. Please fully charge the battery prior to the initial use.
The self-heating function will not be able to operate normally if a PWM charge controller or
a small current battery charger is used to charge the battery at low temperatures. It is
recommended to disable the self-heating function to prevent it from starting and stopping
operation frequently and consuming the battery.
During the standard charging process, the battery is first charged at a constant current of 10A
until the battery voltage reaches 54V. Then, the battery is charged at a constant voltage of 54V
while tapering the charge current. The standard charging process is considered complete when
the charge current is less than 1A. However, leaving the battery on float will continue to
balance the battery cells and will not damage the battery. The standard charging process
normally takes 7 hours. Safe charging requires battery temperatures below 131°F(55°C). If the
self-heating function is disabled or unable to work normally, battery temperatures above 32°F
(0°C) is also required for the safe charging.

Inspection
Cleaning
Checking Voltage
Please perform regular visual inspections by following these steps:
Please clean the battery at regular intervals by following these steps:
Examine the external appearance of the battery. The top of the battery and terminals should
be clean, dry, and free of corrosion.
Check battery cables and connections. Replace any damaged cables and tighten any loose
connections.
Disconnect the battery from the charging source or electric load.
Switch the battery to shelf mode using the Power Button.
Dry the battery with a clean cloth and keep the area around the battery clean and dry.
Clean the top of the battery and terminals with a damp cloth or non-metallic brush. A
household cleaner may be used if the battery is extremely dirty.
Ensure the battery is completely dry before switching it to active mode and/or reconnecting
it to the charging source or electric load.
Battery Maintenance
Terminal corrosion may adversely affect the battery performance and present a safety
hazard. Please keep terminals free of corrosion.
During the standard discharging process, the battery is discharged a constant current of 10A
until the battery voltage reaches 41.62V. Safe discharging requires battery temperatures
between -4°F and 140°F (-20°C and 60°C).
Please check the battery voltage periodically to assess battery health. If the battery resting
voltage is under 41.62V in active mode at room temperature, the battery may have been
over-discharged due to self-discharge or parasitic loads. Please stop using the battery until the
fault can be corrected and the battery can be charged.
It is recommended to pair the battery with discharge equipment featuring low voltage
disconnect in the system.

Please follow these tips to ensure that your battery emerges from storage in good condition:
Charge the battery to 30%~50% and switch the battery to shelf mode using the Power
Button.
Disconnect the battery from the discharge equipment to eliminate any potential parasitic
loads that may discharge the battery.
Store the battery in an open, well ventilated, dry, clean area in temperature between
-13°F~149°F (-25°C~65°C).
Handle the battery carefully to avoid sharp impacts or extreme pressure on the battery
casing.
Charge the battery at least once every 3~6 months to prevent over-discharge.
When the battery is taken out of storage, it should be given a full charge prior to use.
DO NOT expose the battery to the extreme temperatures over 149°F (65°C).
DO NOT expose the battery to heat sources.
DO NOT expose the battery to direct sunlight, moisture, or precipitation.
Battery Storage
Warning and Protection
The battery contains a battery management system (BMS) that warns you and protects the
battery from over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current, short circuit, high temperature, and low
temperature. Please refer to the following table for the triggering and recovery condition of each
warning and protection.
Battery Management System

ConditionBattery Operation Status
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Battery
Over-voltage
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Battery Cell
Over-voltage
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery
Under-voltage
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery Cell
Under-voltage
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery High
Temperature
(Charging) Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery High
Temperature
(Charging) Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery High
Temperature
(Discharging) Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Battery High
Temperature
(Discharging) Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Battery Voltage≥55.5V
Battery Voltage≤51V / Discharge Current≥1A
Battery Cell Voltage≥3.75V
Battery Cell Voltage≤3.4V / Discharge Current≥1A
Battery Voltage≤45.75V
Battery Voltage≥50V / Charge Current≥1A
Battery Voltage≤41.62V
Battery Voltage≥50V / Charge Current≥1A
Battery Cell Voltage≤3.05V
Battery Cell Voltage≥3.2V / Charge Current≥1A
Battery Cell Voltage≤2.8V
Battery Cell Voltage≥3.2V / Charge Current≥1A
Battery Temperature≥122°F (50°C)
Battery Temperature≤113°F (45°C)
Battery Temperature≥131°F (55°C)
Battery Temperature≤122°F (50°C)
Battery Temperature≤37.4°F (3°C)
Battery Temperature≥42.8°F (6°C)
Battery Temperature≤32°F (0°C)
Battery Temperature≥37.4°F (3°C)
Battery Temperature≥131°F (55°C)
Battery Temperature≤122°F (50°C)
Battery Temperature≥140°F (60°C)
Battery Temperature≤131°F (55°C)
Battery Temperature≤14°F (-10°C)
Battery Temperature≥23°F (-5°C)
Battery Temperature≤-4°F (-20°C)
Battery Temperature≥5°F (-15°C)

ConditionBattery Operation Status
Triggering
Recovery
Charge
Over-current
Primary
Protection
Secondary
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Triggering
Recovery
Discharge
Over-current
Short Circuit
Primary
Protection
Secondary
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Warning
Triggering
Recovery
Protection
Triggering
Recovery
Battery Cell Balancing
The battery employs bypass circuit to maintain the balance between each battery cell group.
Each battery cell group is connected with a bypass resistor and a switch in parallel. During the
charging process, if the highest-voltage battery cell group reaches the set balancing starting
voltage and the voltage difference between the highest-voltage and the lowest-voltage battery
cell group exceeds the set voltage difference, the switch connected to the highest-voltage
battery cell group will be closed to shunt the charge current around the highest-voltage battery
cell group through the bypass resistor until the voltage difference drops below the set value. To
avoid excessive energy loss, the battery cell balancing is only performed during the charging
process.
Charge Current≥51A
Charge Current≤40A
Charge Current≥55A (Delay 15s)
Charge Current≤40A (Delay 1min) /
Discharge Current≥1A
Charge Current≤40A (Delay 1min) /
Discharge Current≥1A
Charge Current≥120A
Discharge Current≥51A
Discharge Current≤45A
Discharge Current≥55A (Delay 15s)
Discharge Current≤40A (Delay 1min) /
Charge Current≥1A
Discharge Current≤40A (Delay 1min) /
Charge Current≥1A
Discharge Current≥120A
Discharge Current≥400A (Delay 300μs)
Remove Short Circuits / Charge Current≥1A

If any problems occur during battery operation, please refer to the following instructions or
contact us for assistance:
If the Power Button is not able to switch the battery to active mode or the battery resting
voltage is under 41.62V in active mode at room temperature, the battery may have been
severely over-discharged due to self-discharge or parasitic loads. Please revive the battery
using a battery charger or charge controller with the lithium battery activation function.
If the battery terminal voltage shows 0V in active mode, the battery internal fuses may have
blown due to severe over-current. Please contact us for assistance.
If the battery voltage gets too low to reliably power electric loads or triggers the battery
under-voltage protection, please disconnect the battery from electric loads and charge the
battery as soon as possible.
If the battery temperature gets too high/low during the operation and triggers the battery
high/low temperature protection, please disconnect the battery from the charging source
and electric loads and cool down/warm up the battery to room temperature. The battery will
automatically recover from the battery high/low temperature protection.
If too high a current passes through the battery and triggers the charge/discharge
over-current protection, please disconnect the battery from the charging source/electric
load immediately. The battery will automatically recover from the charge/discharge
over-current protection after 1 minute. If the charge/discharge over-current protection is
triggered 3 times in a row, the battery will no longer recover automatically. Please
discharge/charge the battery with a current greater than 1A to recover the battery from the
charge/discharge over-current protection.
If the battery is short circuited and triggers the short circuit protection, please remove the
short circuit immediately and charge the battery with a current greater than 1A to recover the
battery from the short circuit protection.
Troubleshooting

Cycle Life (0.2C, 25℃)
Rated Capacity (0.2C)
Nominal Voltage
Voltage Range
Communication Port
Weight
Insulation Resistance
Dimension
42V~55.5V
4500 Cycles (80% DOD)
＜20mΩ
60.8 lb. / 27.6 kg
RJ45 (RS485 Protocol, CAN Protocol)
Parallel
M8 x 1 x 15 mm
62.0~70.8 inch·lb / 7~8 N·m
UN38.3, MSDS, UL1642 (Battery Cell)
50A
54V
22.7 x 8.5 x 7.9 inch /
576 x 215 x 200 mm
Maximum Continuous Charging Current
Charging Voltage
Connection Method
Certifications
77°F±9°F / 25°C±5°C
Standard Operation Temperature
Discharging Temperature Range
Charging Temperature Range
5%~95%
Storage Temperature Range
Relative Humidity
General
Operation Parameters
50Ah
Cell Type
LiFePO4
48V
Terminal Bolt Size
Recommended Terminal Torque
32°F~131°F / 0°C~55°C
-4°F~140°F / -20°C~60°C
-13°F~149°F / -25°C~65°C
Specifications

Renogy reserves the right to change
the contents of this manual without notice.
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